US4746047A - Hand-held fastening element driving tool - Google Patents
Hand-held fastening element driving tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4746047A US4746047A US07/008,448 US844887A US4746047A US 4746047 A US4746047 A US 4746047A US 844887 A US844887 A US 844887A US 4746047 A US4746047 A US 4746047A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- barrel holder
- driving tool
- barrel
- shoulder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
- B25F5/006—Vibration damping means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
- B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
- B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
- B25C1/047—Mechanical details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
- B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
- B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
- B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
- B25C1/18—Details and accessories, e.g. splinter guards, spall minimisers
- B25C1/188—Arrangements at the forward end of the barrel, e.g. splinter guards, spall minimisers, safety arrangements, silencers, bolt retainers
Definitions
- the herein proposed invention relates generally to the field of mechanical engineering and more specifically, to a hand-held fastening element driving tool.
- the herein proposed invention is useful for driving nails and staples into wooden structures at integrated house-building factories of the forestry and wood-working industries as well as for manufacturing of wooden panels for containers and packing cases.
- the housings are conventionally made of aluminium alloys.
- High labour consumtpion of the casting process and the inadequate strength of the bottom portion of the housing (where it is coupled with the barrel holder) affect much adversely the mass characteristics of these members, since attempts to improve the strength of the load-bearing walls involve greater metal consumption whereby the overall weight of the tool itself is also increased.
- a trend to reduce the mass of the hand-held tools has led to the replacement of aluminium alloys by plastics.
- a hand-held fastening element driving tool (cf., laid-open Application No. 2,757,698, Federal Republic of Germany , Int. Cl. 3 B25C 1/100) comprising a housing which accommodates an actuator, a barrel incorporating striker, a starting device and a fastening element magazine coupled with the housing.
- This tool is highly efficient and provides lasting performance.
- Another hand-held fastening element driving tool (cf., German Pat. No. 1,170,338, Int. Cl. 87a, 18) is known presently to comprise a housing which accommodates an air-operated actuator.
- a barrel holder is locked in place with the lower portion of the body.
- the barrel holder incorporates a barrel with a striker.
- a fastening element magazine is connected to the barrel holder.
- This tool is also highly efficient but demands much labour to produce its housing.
- a hand-held fastening element driving tool comprising a housing provided with a handle, a barrel holder which is enclosed in the housing and incorporates a barrel accommodating a striker connected to an actuator, and a fastening element magazine, whose one end is coupled to the barrel holder, according to the invention
- the barrel holder fitted in the housing is free to move axially and has an extension thereof enclosed in the housing and provided with a cylindrical shoulder which acts, through the agency of an elastic element, on a respective shoulder of the housing, another elastic element being fitted between the outer side surface of the cylindrical shoulder, the barrel holder and the housing, whereas the other end of the magazine is loosely articulated to the handle.
- the impulse loads on the housing are substantially reduced by the counteraction of the static moment of the movable barrel holder associated with the fastening element magazine.
- the impacts impart momentary jerks to the barrel holder whereby the fastening element magazine is shaken up and the fastening element to be immediately driven is positively fed to the barrel.
- a hand-held fastening element driving tool comprises a housing 1 (FIG. 1) provided with a handle 2 which accommodates a starting device 3.
- a barrel holder 4 is enclosed in the housing 1 and incorporates a barrel 5.
- Fitted in the barrel is a striker 6 having an impact end face 7 thereof and connected to an air-operated actuator 8.
- a fastening element magazine 9 has one end thereof coupled to the barrel holder 4, while its other end is loosely articulated to the handle 2 of the housing 1.
- the air-operated actuator 8 incorporates a working stroke limiter 10 of the striker 6, the former resting against the barrel holder 4.
- the barrel holder 4 fitted in the housing 1 is free to move axially.
- the barrel holder 4 is provided with a cylindrical shoulder 11 which acts, through the agency of an elastic element 13.
- Another elastic element 14 fitted in a groove 15 on the side surface of the cylindrical shoulder 11 of the barrel holder 4 is provided between the outer side surface of the cylindrical shoulder 11 of the barrel holder 4 and the housing 1.
- the hand-held fastening element driving tool operates as follows.
- the striker 6, which serves as the stem of the air-operated actuator 8, is thrust downwards, on its working stroke, until it is stopped by the limiter 10, whereby a fastening element fed into the barrel 5 from the magazine 9 is driven outwards. In doing so, the impact end fact 7 of the striker 6 hits the part in which the fastening element has been driven.
- the piston is stopped so that the residual impact energy (that part which still remains after the blow) is transferred to the limiter.
- the residual impact energy is relayed, via the working stroke limiter 10, to the barrel holder 4, which rests against the material being handled and is rigidly coupled with one end of the magazine 9, the other end of said magazine being loosely articulated to the handle 2 of the housing 1.
- the unused part of the force developed by the striker 6 is relayed by the limiter 10 to the barrel holder 4, which is moved axially to act upon the elastic elements 13 and 14, the latter absorbing the impact load on the housing 1. Consequently, the housing 1 receives only a small part of the impact energy, which enables the main portion of the housing to be made from less strong materials.
- the present invention provides a substantial reduction in the impulse loads on the housing.
- the main portion of the housing may be manufactured from less strong materials (such as plastics), which considerably simplifies the manufacture of the entire tool.
- the impacts impart momentary jerks to the barrel holder whereby the fastening element magazine is shaken up and the fastening element to be immediately driven is positively fed to the barrel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
Abstract
A hand-held fastening element driving tool comprising a housing with a handle. A barrel holder with a barrel is free to move axially in the housing. The barrel holder has a extension enclosed in the housing and is provided with a cylindrical shoulder. This shoulder acts, through the agency of an elastic element, upon a corresponding shoulder of the housing. Another elastic element is fitted between the outer side surface of the barrel holder shoulder and the housing. A fastening element magazine has one end thereof connected to the barrel holder, and its other end is loosely articulated to the handle.
Description
The herein proposed invention relates generally to the field of mechanical engineering and more specifically, to a hand-held fastening element driving tool.
The herein proposed invention is useful for driving nails and staples into wooden structures at integrated house-building factories of the forestry and wood-working industries as well as for manufacturing of wooden panels for containers and packing cases.
In tools of this kind, the housings are conventionally made of aluminium alloys. High labour consumtpion of the casting process and the inadequate strength of the bottom portion of the housing (where it is coupled with the barrel holder) affect much adversely the mass characteristics of these members, since attempts to improve the strength of the load-bearing walls involve greater metal consumption whereby the overall weight of the tool itself is also increased. A trend to reduce the mass of the hand-held tools has led to the replacement of aluminium alloys by plastics.
Not to affect the strength of the bottom portion of the housing, which is the most heavily loaded portion thereof, an optimum solution would be to relieve this portion of the housing from the peak impact forces. As, during impact loading, the action of the peak impact forces is only momentary, the strength of the housing can be substantially improved by extending the time during which an impact load is actually relayed from the barrel to the housing.
Known in the present state of the art is a hand-held fastening element driving tool (cf., laid-open Application No. 2,757,698, Federal Republic of Germany , Int. Cl.3 B25C 1/100) comprising a housing which accommodates an actuator, a barrel incorporating striker, a starting device and a fastening element magazine coupled with the housing.
This tool is highly efficient and provides lasting performance.
However, the residual impulse loads developed in driving the fastening elements, are relayed, via a dash-pot, to the lower portion of the housing. Because of this, the housing needs reinforcement so as to provide the requisite strength, which renders it highly labour-consuming in manufacture.
Another hand-held fastening element driving tool (cf., German Pat. No. 1,170,338, Int. Cl. 87a, 18) is known presently to comprise a housing which accommodates an air-operated actuator. A barrel holder is locked in place with the lower portion of the body. The barrel holder incorporates a barrel with a striker. A fastening element magazine is connected to the barrel holder.
This tool is also highly efficient but demands much labour to produce its housing.
Besides, unless the fastening elements are joined in a stack, an element due to be fed in the barrel is likely to get stuck up. In such cases, additional shaking up is oftentimes necessary to push the element right home.
It is a primary object of this invention to provide a hand-held fastening element driving tool wherein the impulse loads on the housing would be reduced.
It is another object of this invention to provide a hand-held fastening element driving tool wherein the feeding of the fastening elements would be more positive.
The above-said object is accomplished due to the fact that in a hand-held fastening element driving tool comprising a housing provided with a handle, a barrel holder which is enclosed in the housing and incorporates a barrel accommodating a striker connected to an actuator, and a fastening element magazine, whose one end is coupled to the barrel holder, according to the invention, the barrel holder fitted in the housing is free to move axially and has an extension thereof enclosed in the housing and provided with a cylindrical shoulder which acts, through the agency of an elastic element, on a respective shoulder of the housing, another elastic element being fitted between the outer side surface of the cylindrical shoulder, the barrel holder and the housing, whereas the other end of the magazine is loosely articulated to the handle.
As a result, the impulse loads on the housing are substantially reduced by the counteraction of the static moment of the movable barrel holder associated with the fastening element magazine.
This opens the way for the manufacture of the main portion of the housing from less strong materials (such as plastics), which considerably simplifies the manufacture of the entire tool.
Besides, the impacts impart momentary jerks to the barrel holder whereby the fastening element magazine is shaken up and the fastening element to be immediately driven is positively fed to the barrel.
In what follows the present invention will now be disclosed in a detailed description of an illustrative embodiment thereof with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a longitudinal section of a hand-held fastening element driving tool, according to the invention.
A hand-held fastening element driving tool comprises a housing 1 (FIG. 1) provided with a handle 2 which accommodates a starting device 3. A barrel holder 4 is enclosed in the housing 1 and incorporates a barrel 5. Fitted in the barrel is a striker 6 having an impact end face 7 thereof and connected to an air-operated actuator 8. A fastening element magazine 9 has one end thereof coupled to the barrel holder 4, while its other end is loosely articulated to the handle 2 of the housing 1. The air-operated actuator 8 incorporates a working stroke limiter 10 of the striker 6, the former resting against the barrel holder 4. The barrel holder 4 fitted in the housing 1 is free to move axially. The barrel holder 4 is provided with a cylindrical shoulder 11 which acts, through the agency of an elastic element 13. Another elastic element 14 fitted in a groove 15 on the side surface of the cylindrical shoulder 11 of the barrel holder 4 is provided between the outer side surface of the cylindrical shoulder 11 of the barrel holder 4 and the housing 1.
The hand-held fastening element driving tool operates as follows.
Upon pressing the starting device 3, the striker 6, which serves as the stem of the air-operated actuator 8, is thrust downwards, on its working stroke, until it is stopped by the limiter 10, whereby a fastening element fed into the barrel 5 from the magazine 9 is driven outwards. In doing so, the impact end fact 7 of the striker 6 hits the part in which the fastening element has been driven. Upon reaching the working stroke limiter 10, the piston is stopped so that the residual impact energy (that part which still remains after the blow) is transferred to the limiter.
The residual impact energy is relayed, via the working stroke limiter 10, to the barrel holder 4, which rests against the material being handled and is rigidly coupled with one end of the magazine 9, the other end of said magazine being loosely articulated to the handle 2 of the housing 1.
As the fastening element is being inserted, the unused part of the force developed by the striker 6 is relayed by the limiter 10 to the barrel holder 4, which is moved axially to act upon the elastic elements 13 and 14, the latter absorbing the impact load on the housing 1. Consequently, the housing 1 receives only a small part of the impact energy, which enables the main portion of the housing to be made from less strong materials.
Since the end of the magazine 9 is locked-in with the barrel holder 4, it moves along with the latter to shake up a stack of fastening elements in the magazine 9 ensuring its positive feed to the barrel 5, which contributes to uninterrupted operation of the tool.
The present invention provides a substantial reduction in the impulse loads on the housing.
As a result, the main portion of the housing may be manufactured from less strong materials (such as plastics), which considerably simplifies the manufacture of the entire tool.
Besides, the impacts impart momentary jerks to the barrel holder whereby the fastening element magazine is shaken up and the fastening element to be immediately driven is positively fed to the barrel.
Claims (14)
1. A hand-held fastener driving tool comprising:
a housing;
a handle secured to said housing;
a cylindrical bore in said housing;
a barrel holder mounted in said bore and having one end thereof enclosed in said housing;
said barrel holder being axially movable in said bore;
a barrel coupled to said barrel holder;
a striker mounted for reciprocatory movement in said barrel;
an actuator accommodated in said housing and connected to said striker to impart reciprocatory movement thereto;
a housing shoulder provided on the inner surface of said cylindrical bore;
a barrel holder shoulder provided at the end of said barrel holder mounted in said bore of said housing;
a first elastic member provided between said housing shoulder and said cylindrical barrel holder shoulder, said housing shoulder acting upon said barrel holder through the agency of said first elastic member;
a second elastic member provided between the outer peripheral surface of said barrel holder shoulder and the inner surface of said cylindrical bore, said second elastic member being mounted in a groove provided in the outer surface of said barrel holder; and
a magazine for fasteners having one end thereof rigidly secured to said barrel holder for feeding said fasteners to said barrel and the other end thereof pivotally connected to said handle for rotation in a plane drawn through the axis of said barrel.
2. The driving tool of claim 1, wherein said barrel holder shoulder is cylindrical.
3. The driving tool of claim 1, wherein said first elastic member is fitted between said shoulders.
4. The driving tool of claim 1, wherein said second elastic member is fitted between the outer peripheral surface of said barrel holder and the inner surface of said cylindrical bore, and being fitted in said groove.
5. The driving tool of claim 1, wherein said barrel holder has an extension enclosed in said housing, said barrel holder shoulder being mounted in said extension.
6. The driving tool of claim 5, wherein the main portion of said housing is made from plastic material.
7. The driving tool of claim 5, wherein said striker has an impact end face and is connected to an air-operated actuator.
8. The driving tool of claim 5, wherein said barrel holder shoulder is cylindrical.
9. The driving tool of claim 8, wherein said first elastic member is fitted between said shoulders.
10. The driving tool of claim 9, wherein said second elastic member is fitted between the outer peripheral surface of said barrel holder and the inner surface of said cylindrical bore, and being fitted in said groove.
11. The driving tool of claim 10, wherein the main portion of said housing is made from plastic material.
12. The driving tool of claim 10, wherein said striker has an impact end face and is connected to an air-operated actuator.
13. The driving tool of claim 1, wherein the main portion of said housing is made from plastic material.
14. The driving tool of claim 1, wherein said striker has an impact end face and is connected to an air-operated actuator.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19873702364 DE3702364A1 (en) | 1987-01-28 | 1987-01-27 | HAND TOOL for driving in fasteners |
| US07/008,448 US4746047A (en) | 1987-01-28 | 1987-01-28 | Hand-held fastening element driving tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/008,448 US4746047A (en) | 1987-01-28 | 1987-01-28 | Hand-held fastening element driving tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US4746047A true US4746047A (en) | 1988-05-24 |
Family
ID=21731661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/008,448 Expired - Fee Related US4746047A (en) | 1987-01-28 | 1987-01-28 | Hand-held fastening element driving tool |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4746047A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3702364A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0732178A1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-09-18 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | Bolt driving tool |
| US20090050668A1 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Rexon Industrial Corp., Ltd. | Nail gun with an angle-adjustable magazine |
| US11577376B2 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-02-14 | Koki Holdings Co., Ltd. | Electric device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3930592A1 (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1990-09-27 | Gerd Dr Ing Kellner | Stud setting gun - with piston brake made of a specified elastomer |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1170338B (en) * | 1956-05-03 | 1964-05-14 | Richard Laucher | Pistol-shaped tool for driving nails or the like. |
| US3991925A (en) * | 1974-07-12 | 1976-11-16 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Movably mounted magazine for feeding fastening elements into a setting gun barrel |
| DE2757698A1 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1978-06-29 | Umberto Monacelli | Nail driving gun - includes relatively movable guide rails for supplying nail strip to operating position |
| US4401251A (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1983-08-30 | Signode Corporation | Bumperless gun nailer |
| US4441644A (en) * | 1980-12-18 | 1984-04-10 | Karl M. Reich Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Buffer system for fastener driving devices |
| US4492329A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1985-01-08 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Powder actuated tool |
| US4493376A (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1985-01-15 | Uniset Corporation | Fastener driving tool |
| US4610381A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-09-09 | Senco Products, Inc. | Drywall tool |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2516157C3 (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1979-07-26 | Fa. Joh. Friedrich Behrens Ag, 2070 Ahrensburg | Compressed air driving device with a driving plunger protruding from the mouthpiece and serving as a guide pin |
| DE2850273A1 (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-05-29 | Hilti Ag | Bolt setting gun with percussive drive - has axially displaceable barrel with rear exhaust-charged shoulder spaced by resilient sleeve |
-
1987
- 1987-01-27 DE DE19873702364 patent/DE3702364A1/en active Granted
- 1987-01-28 US US07/008,448 patent/US4746047A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1170338B (en) * | 1956-05-03 | 1964-05-14 | Richard Laucher | Pistol-shaped tool for driving nails or the like. |
| US3991925A (en) * | 1974-07-12 | 1976-11-16 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Movably mounted magazine for feeding fastening elements into a setting gun barrel |
| DE2757698A1 (en) * | 1976-12-23 | 1978-06-29 | Umberto Monacelli | Nail driving gun - includes relatively movable guide rails for supplying nail strip to operating position |
| US4401251A (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1983-08-30 | Signode Corporation | Bumperless gun nailer |
| US4441644A (en) * | 1980-12-18 | 1984-04-10 | Karl M. Reich Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Buffer system for fastener driving devices |
| US4492329A (en) * | 1981-11-18 | 1985-01-08 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Powder actuated tool |
| US4493376A (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1985-01-15 | Uniset Corporation | Fastener driving tool |
| US4610381A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-09-09 | Senco Products, Inc. | Drywall tool |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0732178A1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-09-18 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | Bolt driving tool |
| US20090050668A1 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Rexon Industrial Corp., Ltd. | Nail gun with an angle-adjustable magazine |
| US7922058B2 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2011-04-12 | Rexon Industrial Corp., Ltd. | Nail gun with an angle-adjustable magazine |
| US11577376B2 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2023-02-14 | Koki Holdings Co., Ltd. | Electric device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3702364C2 (en) | 1989-08-31 |
| DE3702364A1 (en) | 1988-08-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MOSKOVSKOE NAUCHNO-RPOIZVODSTVENNOE OBJEDINENIE PO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:BOIKO, VITALY T.;GOLDSHTEIN, BORIS G.;MALJUKYAVICHUS, ANTANAS-SHARUNAS A.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004835/0209 Effective date: 19880131 Owner name: MOSKOVSKOE NAUCHNO-RPOIZVODSTVENNOE OBJEDINENIE PO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BOIKO, VITALY T.;GOLDSHTEIN, BORIS G.;MALJUKYAVICHUS, ANTANAS-SHARUNAS A.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004835/0209 Effective date: 19880131 |
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| FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
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| REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
| REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
| LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
| FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19920524 |
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| STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |