US470052A - Boiler or other furnace - Google Patents

Description

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(No Model.)

E, W. JONES. BQILBR 0R OTHER'FURNAGE.

-Patente'd Mar. l, 1892..

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E. W. JONES. BOILER OR OTHER FURNAGE.

No. 470,052. Patente-d Mar; 1,1892.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 8. E. W. JONES. BOILER 0R OTHER FURNACE.

Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

A(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

' E. W. JONES.

BOILER 0R OTHER PURNAGE. No. 470,052. Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

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[NO Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

E. W. JONES.

BOILER 0R OTHER FURNAGB.

No. 470,052. Patented Mar. 1, 1,892..

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'13. W. JONES'. BOILBR 0R OTHER PURNAGE. No. 470,052! Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

UNITED l STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EvAN w. JONES, or PORTLAND, OREGON.

BOILER OR OTHER FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent N 0. 470,052, dated March 1, 1892.

I Application filed June 24, 1891. Serial'No. 397,339. (No model.)

To cir/ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, EVAN V. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented certain new and usefulImprovementsin Boiler or other Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvementin boiler or other furnaces, and especially to that type of furnace patented to me August 27, 1889, No. 409,792.

My invention consists in a novel construction, combination, and arrangement of means in furnaces in which the fuel is forced into the mass of burning coals from a point below said mass instead of being discharged on top of said mass of burning fuel, said means serving to force the supply of air directly over the fresh or green fuel and at the same time under the mass of burning fuel, thereby causing the gases from the green fuel and the air supplied to become thoroughly mixed before they pass through the burning fuel and off into the flue or flues, said means also serving to regulate this supplyof air, and thus insure complete combustion, said means also serving to prevent inconvenience from the formation of clinkers and avoid the Waste of ne coal, they providing for the destruction. of clinkers in the event of such being formed, and the construction and combination being such that the fire can be run for a very long period without ashes or clinkers interfering with its perfect operation, and all the fuel shall be practically burned beforerit reaches the grates of the furnace. The said improvements are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a broken vertical longitudinal section illustrating my invention as applied to a brick boiler-furnace. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the furnace shown in Fig. l on the line a: of said figure. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section in the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section of av marineboiler furnace with my improvement; and Fig. 5 is a similar section to Fig. ai, illustrating the mode of applying the invention to a water-leg fire-box boiler. Fig. 6 is an enlarged plan view of the steam-ram, fuel-hopper, and the top plate of the fuel-opening of the fire-box as arranged for being operated by-a hand-lever. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of a portion of the fire-box, fuel-hopper, and the steam-ram shown in Fig. 6. F-ig. 8 is a de: tail sectionalview of the valve for controlling .the influx and efflux of the steam. Fig. 9 is a similar view to Fig. 6, the hand-lever being substituted by an automatic means for controlling the influx and efflux of the steam. Fig. 10 is a similar view to Fig.r 7, the handlever being substituted for the automatic means shown in Fig. 9, and Fig. ll is a detail View of the arm for operating the valve of the automatic mechanism.

Referring to the drawings,A A in Fig. 3 indicate ash-pits arranged on the side of the fuel-feeding magazine B, said magazine be ing provided with an upwardly-curved bottom B', upwardly-flared closed sides B2, and

an inwardly and upwardly extended hood or overhanging top portion B3. The fuel-feeding magazine has a mouth coinciding in size with the feedentrance opening a in the front wall of the fire-chamber D of the furnace E, said mouth being fitted into said opening as illustrated in the drawings or in any other Asuitable and substantial manner, while the forward end of said magazine is firmly supported upon al casting F, mounted upon the brick-work of the bridge-wall of the furnace and substantially secured in position.

Outside and coinciding with the mouth of the magazine B a fuel-box Gis provided, and just over an opening b in the top of said box a fuel-hopper H is arranged, the same being of a size which adapts it for containing the requisite quantity of fresh fuel. Connected to the fuel-box is a ram H for forcing the fresh fuel into the magazine B and therefrom upon side grates I, which are Ona plane somewhat lower than the apex ofthe mass of fuel when the same is fully on fire at the top of the magazine, about as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The ram H maybe similar to that in my aforesaid Letters Patent, and operate in substantially the same manner, and the power employed for actuating the plungerhead H2 of the ram may be either steam,

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compressed air, or hydraulic pressure, or a cam, eccentric, crank, rack and pinion, or screw; but the preferable means are those represented in either Figs. 6, 7, and S or in Figs. 0 and l0, a description of which will be presently given. lVhen the ram-plunger H2 is drawn back, the fuel in the hopper falls into the fuel-box G under the hopper H, and on the return stroke of the ram-plunger the fresh fuel is forced into the magazine B and during the operation of the furnace and the burningr away of the fuel previously supplied the fuel will be forced up higher and higher until it reaches and becomes completely impacted against the mass of burning fuel above it, and thus becomes a part of the burning mass of fuel, but always occupying a position beneath the mass of live coals.

The bottom of the fuel-magazine can be of iron or brick, and it can be curved on a slight incline, or the incline may be straight and of any angle suitable for insuring the free gliding up of the fresh fuel which is being forced in by the ram.

The construction and operation of the piston H2, that controls the forcing-rain H', are as follows:

Referring to the drawings, Figs. 6, 7, and S, it will be seen that on the under side of the upper flange of the plunger-head H2 of the ram H is a slotted projection H1, and that through this flange passes loosely the end of a lever H5, which is fulcrumed at H0 and has one of its ends bifurcated so as to admit between its prongs a rod H7. The result of this construction and colnbination is to give (through the bifurcated end of the lever H5) a reduced reversed motion to the plunger H2. The rod HT is connected to the arm H10. On the end of rod H7 are adjustable tappets H12 H12. Then the valve H11 is placed in the position shown in Fig. 7, the pressure forces the piston to the end of the stroke and the end of the lever H5 will strike the tappet H13 and place the valve in the position shown in Fig. S, thereby closing the exhaust and putting pressure on both sides of the piston at the same time. The same result is attained at the other end of the stroke, the lever H5 striking the tappet H12. The object of this construction is to cushion the piston and avoid slamming of the same at each end of the stroke.

Now, referring to Figs. l), l0, and S, it will be seen that when the valve H11 is to be operated automatically it can be done by the addition of certain parts shown in said Figs. 9 and l0. In this arrangement the shaft Q and grooved cam Q are caused to make the desired number of revolutions, said parts being located at any convenient point, so as to give a vibrating motion to the shaft Q2. It will be seen that the shaft Q2 carries an arm Q3, to one end of which is attached a rod Q1, which carries a hook on its outer end, said hook catching over the wrist-pin Q0 Iof the arm Q7. Both arms H10 and Q7 are secured to the valvestem Q0. To an arm Q0 is secured the lower end of the vertical rod Q10, and to this rod a roller Q11 is secured, saidl roller working in the groove of the cam Q. The upper end of the rod Q10 works through a guide Q12. It will now be seen that when the cam is caused to revolve in the direction of the arrow and the roller Q0 is brought into the position the valve H11 will be brought into the position shown in Fig. lO, and as the cam continues to revolve the valve is soon brought into the position or that shown in Fig. S, which closes the exhaust and places pressure on both sides of the piston at once. It will be seen from the shape of the groove of the cam that the valve is held in this'position until the cam reaches the point m2, at which stage the valve is placed in the position m2 and admits steam to the opposite side of the piston. It will be seen from this construetion and combination that when the cam Q is caused to make any desired number of revolutions it will produce an intermittent Vibrating motion of the shaft Q2, which in turn will operate valve H11, so as to produce a quick opening and closing of the ram H', with an interval of rest while closed. The object of the hook Q5 is to allow the rod Q'1 to be detached from the pin Q0, whereupon the valve H11 can be operated by the hand-lever H10. The arm Q7, Fig. l1, is made thin, as shown at Q10, so as to spring a little when the lever H5 strikes the tappets H12 H13 at each end of the stroke. The tappets H12 H10 can be adjusted to give the ram H any desired stroke or opening, so as to allow more or less fuel to fall in front of it at each stroke. In practice it is contemplated to have the shaft Q connected with the motor that drives the blower or compressor which supplies the air to the furnace and to cause said shaft Q to revolve only when the blower is running. Then, when it is desired to increase the quantity of coal that is fed into the furnace -and to increase the speed of the shaft Q and also the speed of the blower ,at the same time, thus either giving more air with more coal or less air with less coal, this object will be attained by having an independent steam-engine or other motor to operate the blower and shaft Q, so that when the speed of the engine is reduced the speed of the blower and the speed of the shaft Q will also be reduced at the same time, thus proportioning the amount of air to the amount of fuel being consumed. rlhe shaft Q2 can be extended so as to operate anysuitable number of valves or feeders.

0n top of the sides of the magazine 113 a suitable air-pipe or tuyere J is applied. The upper side of the air-pipe is exposed to the intense action of the lire. Vithin the airpipe is fitted a pipe K for the circulation of Water, as shown. 3y means of the water-pipe the upper side of the air-pipe is protected, this being effected by the circulation of Water through the pipe. The pipe K is of Wrought- IIO 'sides of the magazine B.

iron and shaped asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. When in position, the Wrought-iron pipe is connected with the feed-pump or with the water in `the boiler or to any other suitable source of water-supply. The air-pi pe or tuyere might also be of wrought-iron, with a hollow shell for the circulation of water over the air-space, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The air-pipe or tuyereJ has oblong slots in its inner surface, which allow the air under pressure to penetrate the fuel at these points. Instead of the slots a series of holes may be made in the pipe or tuyere. To the outer end of the pipe or tuyere another pipe M is connected, and this may be connected to an airsupply apparatus under any suitable pressure. The pressure of the air may be controlled by a suitable valve inthe pipe M. The air-pipe J- can be made in independent sections, and any number of such pipes may be placed in a furnace. At the outer end of the tube J'a removable cap N is placed for the purpose of blowing out any cinders or dirt that may pass into the pipe through the slots L and tend to clog the same.

P indicates vertical slice-bars operated by pinions P and levers P2, bars P2, and wristpins P4, said mechanism being connected to the ram-plunger H. The slice-bars P pass through suitable openings in angesf on the The lower front edges of the slice-bars have .rack-teeth g, which engage in the pinions P,while the rear edges of said bars bear against small doubleflanged rolls P5, said rolls'and pinions turning freely7 upon studs, as 7L, fixed in the inclined sides of the magazine. The hubs of the pinions P are provided with slots cored through them, through which the levers slide freely, the said slots being outside of the studs upon which the pinions turn. The lower forked ends of the levers P2 connect loosely to the sliding bars P3, and said bars' in turn are connected by means ofthe wrist-pins P4 to the ram-plunger H2.' The bars Ps Lare supported in grooved bracket-guides P6, and the wristpins play in slots P7. From this description it is evident that when the ram-plunger H2 is drawn out to receive a fresh supply of fuel the slice-bars P will be forced up past the slotted surface of the air-pipe and push up any clinkers that may have collected at that point, and that on the return stroke of the said ram-plunger the bars will be lowered to their normal position out of the live coals, and the fresh fuel will be forced in and that forced upward will lift the clinkers higher above the airpipe until they are finally crowded over with the other incombustible dbris and ashes upon the side grates I to be removed by being ground down through the grates or drawn out through the front door once or twice a day, as occasion may require. It will be understood that the side grates I are not depended upon for the supply of air to carry on combustion, and therefore the ashes and other dbris may be allowed to pile -for the fuel within the fire-chamber over upon them to any reasonable depth.

The side grates may be stationary or they can be made to shake and grind down the ashes and clinkers, which are prevented from getting in contact with the slice-bars and their connections by means of guard-plates'R. By the construction of the magazine with closed side wal-ls, which are inclined outwardly from their lower to their upper edges, the fuel is packed tight between the walls of the magazine from bottom to top and is allowed to expand after it is forced up to a plane on a level with or above the air-pipes. The air that is forced under pressure through the slots in the air-pipe will meet with less resistance,

from above than below. Consequently the air will go up through the fuel instead of down into it, and the result is that combustion takes place over or above the slots in the air-pipe with the hottest part of the fire on top and next to the boiler, while the coal or fuel about the slots will be coking and expanding into a spongy mass, thus allowing the forced currents of air from the slots in the air-pipe to penetrate the whole mass of the fuel over and in close contiguity with said slots, and lsaid currents of air will carry with them the gases from the fresh fuel through the ho't coals above, and thereby effect'complete combustion.

The plunger of the ram may have its forward end protected by a tire-brick lining, as in my aforesaid Letters Patent.

In the furnace herein described the fresh or green fuel is forced up into the body of the fire, and the gases which are liberated from this fuel pass through the body of burning coal which is above the fresh fuel, and lthe air for promoting combustion is supplied at the points where the fresh fuel is supplied to the mass of burning fuel above it; and thev said furnace herein described, as Well as that of my aforesaid patent, differs essentially from other furnaces which are provided with fuel-forcing means, and the fuel-chambers of which do not constitute both supporting tirelbeds for the underlying mass of fuel as well as the superincumbent mass anddo not serve for conducting the fresh fuel directly up within the fire-chamber amid the mass of burning coal during the operation of forcing the fresh fuel from the fuel-box into the firechamber by the ram.

For the purpose of starting the lire and removing anyclinkers that cannot be destroyed by the slice-bars, doors S, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, may be providedin the furnace above the grates.

Vhat I claim as my invention is 1. A furnace provided with a fuel-opening below the line of the iire, a supporting-bottom upward and backward from the supply-opening and having daring sides which, with the bottom and the furnacewall,form a chamber or magazine for the fresh or green fuel directly-under the means for supplyingair for IOO IIO

sloping ing bottom forming a support for the fuel independent of the position of the feeding mechanism, substantially as described.

2. A furnace provided with adownwardlycontracted chamber having a solid inclined or curved bottom forming at all times a firm support for the fuel and provided with airsupply passages at the top, an opening at the bottom of the incline, and a ram for forcing the fuel through the opening, said fuel being forced up into the fire by sliding it up the inclined bottom of the fuel-magazine between the solid flaring sides thereof, substantially as described.

3. A furnace provided with a fuelchamber directly under means for supplying air for promoting combustion, said chamber having upwardly and outwardly inclined closed sides, a concaved or inclined bottom, means for forcing the fuel up into the fire, means for forcing air under pressure directly over the fuel-magazine, side grates near the top of said fuel-magazine,ash-pits below said grates on each side of the fuel-magazine, and airpipes located near the top of the magazine under the mass of burning coals for the pur-- pose of supplying air under pressure under said coals and over the green fuel in the magazine, substantially as described.

4:. A furnace with a fuel-chamber having an upwardly expanding cross section and located below the line on which the air is forced into the fuel, slice-bars for breaking loose clinkers and loosening up the fire, and means for operating said bars by power, substantially as described.

5. A furnace provided with a concave or inclined bottom and flaring sides which with the furnace-wall form a fuel chamber or magazine, a ram for forcing the fuel into the furnace, and slice-bars to break up the clinkers and loosen up the fire connected to and operated -by said ram, substantially as described.

6. A furnace with a fuel chamber or magazine and provided with perforated pipes or tnyeres connected with a pipe of an air-snpplying apparatus whereby air is forced under pressure directly over said fuel-chamber and under and through the burning coal, and with a device for forcing the fresh coal up into the fire, substantially as described.

7 The furnace provided with the air-pipe or tuyere and with the water-circulation pipe to protect the same from action of the fire, and with removable caps for admitting access into the air-pipe, substantially as described.

S. The furnace provided with a chamber or magazine, side grate-bars, slice-bars, and mechanical devices for operating said bars, whereby clinkers can be broken up near the air-supply pipes, substantially as described.

9. A furnace provided with an upwardlyexpanding chamber closed at bottom and sides and having connection with an air-supplying apparatus at or near its top, whereby the fresh or green fuel is confined while air is being forced first over the top 'of the fresh fuel below the mass of burning fuel and through the burning fuel, in combination with a device for forcing fresh fuel up into the burning fuel, substantially as described.

lO. A furnace provided with a ram for foreing in the fuel and devices comprising a valve mechanism for operating said ram with a variable stroke, this combination being such that the mechanism for producing the variable stroke can be operated either by steam or hand power, so that more or less fuel can be forced in at each stroke, substantially as described.

ll. The combination, with the forcing-rain, of the projection H1, lever H5, fulcrumed at H0 and having one of its ends bifurcated, rod H7, arm H10, adjustable tappets H12 and H15, and valve H14, substantially as and for the purpose described.

l2. The combination, with the forcing-ram, of the projection H", lever H5, fulcrumed at H0 and having one of its ends bifurcated, the rod H7, arm H10, adjustable tappets H12 H10, valve H11, shaft Q, cam Q', shaft Q2, arm Q5, rod Q4, hook Q5, wrist-pin Q0, arms Q7 and H10, valve-stem Q0, arm Q0, vertical rod Q10, and roller Q11, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto ailix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EVAN W. JONES. lVitnesses:

W. H. Woon, CHAs. PHILLIPS.

IOD

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