US402362A - Smoke-consuming boiler-furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. STAPLETON.

. lSMOKE 'GONSUMING BOILER P'URNAGE.

No. 402,362. VPatenizel Apr. 30, 1889.

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N. versn; Phuwuumgmpnor, whi aaaaaa a l the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Imthis specification.

Fig. III is a vertical transverse section taken the views, l represents the side walls and 2 -wall at the terminal of the combustionecham- 4that surmounts the bed-bank 7 between the UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

JAMESv STAPLETON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

rslvIoKE-coNsulvnNe BOILER-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 402,362, dated April 30, 1889.

' Application filed October 23, 1888. Serial No. 288,981. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern-.- l 'I Beit known that I, JAMES S'rArLEToN, of

provement in'S1n0keOonsuming Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of This invention relates to a boiler-furnace in which steam-jets beneath the grates and behind the perforated bridge-wall are provided to aid combustion, and steamjets behind the perforated checker-wall act as a buer-draft to arrest the too rapid exhaust of the waste products of combustion and aid their combustion by the aqueous gases generated by the superheating of the steam; and the invention consists in features of novelty, hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Figure I is a vertical longitudinal section taken on line I I, Fig. II. Fig. II is a vertical transverse section taken on line Il ll, Fin. I.

on line III III, Fig. l. Fig. IV is an enlarged detail section of the bridge-plate, and shows the position of the steam -jets that blow through the perforations of the bridgeplate; and Fig. V is a like view of the grates, and shows the position of the steam-j ets that blow through between the grate-bars.

Referring to the drawings, in which similar figures of reference indicate like parts in all the rear wall of the furnace.

3 is the bridge-wall between the fire-box and the combustion-chamber; 4, the checkerber 42; 5, the base-wall beneath said checkerwall, and 6 the brick floor of said chamber bridge-wall and the checker-wall. The brick for these walls and iioor, as also the tile 8, that surmount the walls and house in the boiler 9, are preferably made of iireaclay. 10 are the boiler-finesA l1 represents the metal frame in' front of the iire-box l2 and ash-pit 13, and on which frame swing the furnace-door 14 and ash-door 15. The said frame supports the front end of the boiler, and by means of its pendent ledge or angle-bar 16 the front ends of the grate-bars 17, whose rear ends are supported by the angle-bars 18, the ends of which bars are built into the side walls of the furnace.

The bridge-wall is surmounted by an inverted arch, 19, built also of fire-brick, between which and the boiler is an intervening space of about three inches, as also there is between the side walls and the boiler, through which the products of combustion pass on their way from the fire-box to thefcombustionchamber, the superheated gaseous air lapping close around the inclosed portion of the periphery of said boiler.

The floor 6 of the combustion-chamber is slanted down longitudinally from the bridge wall at one end of said chamber and from the base-wall beneath the checker-wall at the other endtoward the junction of'V the two slopes, making a drop of about eighteen inches in the middle, so as to collect the ash at that point, where it is easy of removal through the ashdoor 20.

2l is an ashdoor at the bottoln'of the eX'- haust ash-pit 22 for cleaning out the same.

23 is the mud-drum, and 24 the stand-pipe Vthat surmounts said drum and supports the rear end of the boiler at an elevation of about three inches above the inverted arch of the checker-wall The said stand-pipe is provided with flanges 25 and 26, relatively, around the top and bottom, through which the rivets 26 pass that secure it relatively around the outlet 28 to the bottom of the boiler and around the inlet 29 to the top of the mud-drum.

30 represents a steam-pipe that may communicate with the boiler or with any other steam-generator, and passes through one of the side walls of the furnace and under the grates, and from which tubes l3l discharge jets of steam between the bars of said grates to create a draft through the fire-box and aid combustion by the affiliation of its aqueous gases with the superabundant carbon, with which the fire-box and combustion-chamber vare surcharged. A globe-valve, 32, provides means to regulate the force and volume of the steam-jet.

33 represents a metal bridge-plate that rests on the rear ends of the grate-bars at bottom,

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and may be built into the side walls at its ends. The said bridge-plate is provided with perforations 34, that enlarge conically on theA under side, so as to provide a free vent for the ash that may sift through them.

35 represents a steam-pipe, which may communicate with the boiler or other steam-generative supply, and which pipe is supplied with j et-tubes 3G, that discharge their jets through the perforations 34 in the bridge-plate, and like the steam-jets from the pipe 30, that discharge through the grates, they aid to revivify combustion by the affiliation of the aqueous gases thus provided with the superabundaut carbon that has been set free by heat from the fuel, and is smothering for lack of its coadj utant gases. It will be seen, however, that while the jets discharged through the grates are presented directly upward, so that, besides the last-named functions, they also accelerate the initial draft, those through the perforations of the bridge-plate, while they still accelerate its upward tendency toward the boiler, at the same time act as buffers to prevent the too rapid escape of the products of combustion from the fire-box into the combustion-chamber, while at the same time aiding the ignition of the carbon.

37 is a globe-valve in the steam-pipe 35, which provides means for regulatingthe head of steam to the jets.

38 represents perforations in the checkerwall under the rear end of the boiler at the far end of the combustion-chamber.

39 is a steam-pipe at the back of said checker-wall, which pipe preferably receives its steam-supply from the boiler, but may take it from any other generator.

40 represents jet-tubes thatl deliver the steam from said pipe through the lower tier of perforation s, 38, in the checker-wall. These steam-jets act as buifers to prevent the too rapid escape of the exhaust of the otherwise waste products of combustion, while at the same time presenting them with a relay of the aqueous gases to aid the ignition of the superabundant carbon.

4l is a globe-valve in the steam-pipe 39, which provides means of regulating the head of steam to the last-named jets.

The exhaust ash-pit 22 and its surmounting chamber provides means for the settling, by gravity, of the drift of ash that escapes through the perforations in the checker-wall, and thus prevents the choking of the draft. The door 2l at the bottom of said ash-pit provides the means for reaching said ashes, when sufficient has collected to require removal.

It is well known that not only do most boiler-furnaces waste much more of the products of combustion than they use, but also when the difficulty is endeavored to be overcome by steam-jets within the fire-box the jets, as hitherto devised, cause a too rapid discharge of the exhaust products of combustion, as they too greatly accelerate their passage through both the fire-box and the combustion-chamber, whereas the jets through the perforations in my bridge-wall cause a buffer-draft, which, while it revivifies the car- A bon in the fire-box, at the same time prevents its too rapid escape into the combustion-chamber and drives it upward against the boiler, so that the steam-jet, while keeping the current moving right over the coal and igniting the gases, at the same time prevents its escape with its work when but half performed; also the buffer-draft jets from the steam-pipe 39 at the exhaust end of the combustionchamber again force back the said waste products of combustion as they are about to finally escape, and at the same time revivifying them for further use, as stated. It will also be seen that by the varied relative use of these jets and their relative adjustment by their globe valves the forward initial draft of the jets from the primary steam-pipe, the secondary partial buffer-draft from those of the secondary steam-pipe at the bridgewall, and the full buffer-draft from those of the steam-pipe at the exhaust are all correlatively adjustable to vary their application to the varied contingencies of the blast in the fire-box and combustion-chamber.

One-half inch aperture is preferably provided between the top of the bridge-plate and the summit of the bridge-wall.

I am aware that it has been proposed. to arrange steam-jets with their nozzles projecting into the tubes of a boiler; and I am also aware that it is not new to arrange steam-j ets under the grate of a furnace, and I do not wish to claim the same per Se; but I am not aware that it has ever been proposed to arrange a steam-buffer draft at the end of a horizontal combustion-Chamber and also arrange steamjets under the grate to accelerate the draft and blow the products of combustion toward and against the buffer-draft in the manner which I have hereinbefore set forth.

1. In a boiler-furnace, the combination, with the fire-box having a grate, the boiler, and a combustion-chamber extending from said fire-box under said boiler, of a perforated checker-wall at the end of said combustionchamber remote from the {ire-box, a steampipe arranged under the grate and having jets for forcing the products of combustion into the combustion chamber, and a steampipe arranged behind the checker-wall and having jets discharging through said perforations into the combustion-chamber for retarding the current of the products of combustion and supplying the combustion-chamber with aqueous gases to promote combustion therein, substantially as set forth.

2. In a furnace, the combination, with the fire-box having a grate, the combustion-chamber, a bridge-wall dividing said combustionchamber from said fire-box, and a perforated checker-wall arranged at the end of said comlmstion-chamber, of steam-jets arranged be- IOO IIO

f hind said checker-Wall and discharging into said cornbustio'nfchamber toward the rire-box, and steam-jets arranged under said grate remote from said bridge-Wall and inclined up- Wardly and toward the j etsbehind the checker- Wall, substantially as set forth.y

3. In a steam-boiler furnace, the combination of the lire-box, the combustion-chamber, the grates beneath said fire-box, the bridge Wall between the fire-box and 'combustionchainber, the perforated bridge-plate, the perforated checker-Wall at the rear terminal of the combustion-chamber, the steam-pipe 30, the jet-tubes from said pipe that discharge between the grate-bars, the steam-pipe 35, the jet tubes from said pipe that' discharge through the perforations of the bridge-plate, the steam-pipe 39 at the exhaust of the com- `bustion-chamber, and the jet-tubes that ldis- `charge through perforationsin the checkerwall and provide a buffer-draft at the exhaust of thecombustion-chamber to prevent the too rapid exhaust from thesame, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

J AMES STAPLETON. In presence of#- v V BENJN. A. KNIGHT, SAML. KNIGHT.

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