US469849A - Hihihih - Google Patents

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US469849A
US469849A US469849DA US469849A US 469849 A US469849 A US 469849A US 469849D A US469849D A US 469849DA US 469849 A US469849 A US 469849A
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chamber
gas
diaphragms
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
    • F26B17/1408—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material
    • F26B17/1416—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas the gas being supplied and optionally extracted through ducts extending into the moving stack of material the ducts being half open or perforated and arranged horizontally

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  • This invention relates to driers fortreating cereals or other finely-divided or granular materials and aims to provide an improved device of this character.
  • the invention relates to a novel construction of the drier whereby it Works con tinuously and gives a oomplete circulation of the air or other gas used throughout the granular or finely-divided material, and is especially adapted for a desiccation and drying of cereals, either during thedisinfection thereof or otherwise.
  • the principal feature of my invention consists in a novel arrangement and constructtion of diaphragms within the treating-chamber. According to my invention these consist of superposed diaphragms constructed with oppositely-inclined sloping upper surfaces, preferably hollow on their under sides, whereby they-resemble inverted gutters'or troughs.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical mid-section'of a drier.
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof cut on the line X X in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a similar section cut on the line Y Y in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. d is a horizontal section through the upper part of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 5 is a crossseotion, on a larger scale, of one of the diaphragms removed.
  • Fig. 6 is a similar view of a modified form'of diaphragm, and Fig. 7
  • the apparatus is composed of a chamber or compartment of any desired formas rectangular or cylindricaldivided into several superposed compartments.
  • A represent the receiving-chamber; O, the treating-chamber; D, the diaphragms therein; E, the gassupplying chamber, and F the discharginghopper.
  • the upper compartment or receiving-chamber A terminates at. its bottom in one or more hoppers a a, which conduct the material to be treated to the treating-chamber C.
  • the space immediately below the hoppers a a constitutes an exhaust-chamber B, which forms the upper part of the treating-chamber O, and. in which the treatinggas which has traversed the latter is collected for withdrawal through an aperture 1), which communicates with a draft-chimney b or with any otherexhaust apparatus.
  • the exhaustchamber 13 may be warmed, if wished, by a smoke-pipe b. or by a steam or hot-air pipe encircling the chamber, as shown in Fig. 1; or any other analogous means maybe adopted for heating this chamber.
  • the treating-chamber G contains a plurality of rows of superposed diaphragms D D, preferably formed with double inclined upper surfaces or in the form of inverted gutters, forming between their edges and in their under'sides spaces for the circulation of the gas and the matters to. be treated.
  • the rows of diaphragms D rest those of each row with their lower edges on the tops of the next lower row.
  • the chamber is closed at its lower end by a hopper F, which conducts the matters to be treated through one or more withdrawingspouts f, by means of which the material can be Withdrawn as desired and in the quantities needed.
  • a gas-introduction chamber E Surrounding the hopper For around the lower part of the chamber 0 is provided a gas-introduction chamber E, by
  • the gas used enters the chamber E freely or is injected therein by a fan or by any other analogous means. It may be heated, if desired, by a smoke-pipe or steam-pipe e or by any other suitable means, or, if 'de-' sired, it may be heated by some physical or chemical means.
  • each diaphragm is l of triangular forinwitli thetwo upper sides oppositely inclinedandthe bottom side hori 'zetitarand open.
  • the lower edgesof each superposed 'rowi'eston the tops of 'the-adjac'e'ntlow'er ro'w, and'thus all 'fhe'u'pper rows are supported.
  • the inclined sides may be "constructed with 'a plain continuous surfaca; as s'ho'wnin Fig. 5, or theymay beformed of ⁇ superposed overlapping strips, 'lea'ving 'be-l tween their overlapping edges spaces 'for'the passage-of the gas, or theyinay be'formed as! indicated in Figs.
  • each 'diaphrag'm mayl be provided atits upper part'with bneprl inqre'openings, as dinFigs. 1, 2,and5,'wlii'chl 'willbe'arranged to coineinimediately beneath j the diaplirag'rns of the row'iinmediately above.
  • valve sandrods (1 as seen'i'n Figs. 1, 2,'and 5.[
  • the operation of the apparatns is as fol- Idws: The cereals or other material to be;
  • the air or other-gas utilizedenters'the chain her 0 through the openings ee beneath the diaphragms, and is conducted by the latter and evenly distributed throughout the mass of material as it travels regularly from the bottom to the top and until it reaches the exhaust-chamber B, from whence it is withdrawn through chimney b.
  • the material may be withdra'wnthrough the discharge-spout f in the quantities desired, and then as the mass descends a quantity of material equivalent to that withdrawn may be placed in the hopper a and treated,-in order that the amount extracted may be -replaced by an equivalent amount of't'resh material.
  • a do'nble circulation is obtained,-'the wgas or air going from thebottom to the'top'and the material to be treated from thetopto *the bottom.
  • the materiaL'by reason of its extremely finelydivided conditionorby its-excessive humidity, offers toogreat a resistance to the circulationof the gas orair, thedatter may be facilitated by opening for-ashort time, either partiall-y or entirely, the registers cZ'.
  • Myinvention may be variously modified 'witho'ut dpai'ting fromitsessen'tial features
  • each row resting with their lower edges on the tops of the next lower row, whereby as the material descends it will fall from one to the other thereof and as the gas ascends it will pass around said diaphragms, thereby thoroughly exposing the material to the gas, substantially asshown and described.
  • a drier or analogous apparatus for treating cereals or other finely-divided or granular materials in which the material to be treated descends and the gas ascends the combination, with a chamber adapted to receive the material at the top and discharge it at the bottom, and means for causing an upward circulation of gas through said chamber, of a plurality of rows of hollow diaphragms, superposed, and those of each row crossing those of the adjacent row, arranged in said chamber and constructed with sloping upper surfaces and having valved intercommunicating openings, whereby as the material descends it will fall from one to the other thereof and as the gas ascends it will pass around said diaphragms or through said valved opening, as desired, thereby thoroughly exposing the material to the gas.

Description

(No Model.)
P.BORGARELLI. DRIER FOR CEREALS.
No. 469,849; 'PatentedMalp l,18'92.
v INVENTOR': 'W'ITNESSES:
W, By his Aflomeys,
NI S ATES PATENT OFFICE.
PAOLO BORGARELLI, OF. TURIN, ITALY.
DRIER FOR CEREALS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,849, dated March 1, 1892.
Application filed April 10, 1891. Serial No. 388,435. (No model.) Patentedin Switzerland March 26, 1891, No. 3,421 in England March 28,1891,No.5,486;i11 BelgiumApril 15, 1891,11'0. 94,328; inItalyApril 22, 1891, LVILMA, andXXV, 29,315; in SDainJ'une 26, 1891, No. 11,961, and in France July 16, 1891,110. 212,398.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, PAOLO BORGARELLI, a subject of the King of Italy, residing in Turin, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Driers-for Cereals and other Divided Matters, (which inventionhas been patented in Italy, Vol. LVII, No. 444. and Vol. XXV, No. 29,315, dated April 22, 1891; in France, No. 212,398, dated July 16, 1891; in Belgium, No. 94,328, dated April 15, 1891; in England, No. 5,486, dated March 28, 1891; in Switzerland No. 3,421, dated March 26, 1891; in Spain, No. 11,961, dated June 26, 1891,) of
which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to driers fortreating cereals or other finely-divided or granular materials and aims to provide an improved device of this character.
The invention relates to a novel construction of the drier whereby it Works con tinuously and gives a oomplete circulation of the air or other gas used throughout the granular or finely-divided material, and is especially adapted for a desiccation and drying of cereals, either during thedisinfection thereof or otherwise.
The principal feature of my invention consists in a novel arrangement and constructtion of diaphragms within the treating-chamber. According to my invention these consist of superposed diaphragms constructed with oppositely-inclined sloping upper surfaces, preferably hollow on their under sides, whereby they-resemble inverted gutters'or troughs. These are arranged'in rows, super posed, and those of each row crossing'those of the adjacent row and resting with their lower edges on the tops of the next lower row, whereby as the material treated descends through the chamber it falls over the inclined .tops of the diaphragms, while the gas in ascending will pass around the latter, thereby continually mixing said material as it'traverses the chamber and effecting regular distribution of the gas throughout the mass.
Referringto the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred form of myinvention, Figure 1 is a vertical mid-section'of a drier. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section thereof cut on the line X X in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a similar section cut on the line Y Y in Fig. 1.
Fig. d is a horizontal section through the upper part of the apparatus. Fig. 5 is a crossseotion, on a larger scale, of one of the diaphragms removed. Fig. 6 is a similar view of a modified form'of diaphragm, and Fig. 7
is a side elevation thereof.
The apparatus is composed of a chamber or compartment of any desired formas rectangular or cylindricaldivided into several superposed compartments.
Referring to the drawings, let A represent the receiving-chamber; O, the treating-chamber; D, the diaphragms therein; E, the gassupplying chamber, and F the discharginghopper. The upper compartment or receiving-chamber A terminates at. its bottom in one or more hoppers a a, which conduct the material to be treated to the treating-chamber C. The space immediately below the hoppers a a constitutes an exhaust-chamber B, which forms the upper part of the treating-chamber O, and. in which the treatinggas which has traversed the latter is collected for withdrawal through an aperture 1), which communicates with a draft-chimney b or with any otherexhaust apparatus. The exhaustchamber 13 may be warmed, if wished, by a smoke-pipe b. or by a steam or hot-air pipe encircling the chamber, as shown in Fig. 1; or any other analogous means maybe adopted for heating this chamber. The treating-chamber G contains a plurality of rows of superposed diaphragms D D, preferably formed with double inclined upper surfaces or in the form of inverted gutters, forming between their edges and in their under'sides spaces for the circulation of the gas and the matters to. be treated. The rows of diaphragms D rest those of each row with their lower edges on the tops of the next lower row. The chamber is closed at its lower end by a hopper F, which conducts the matters to be treated through one or more withdrawingspouts f, by means of which the material can be Withdrawn as desired and in the quantities needed. Surrounding the hopper For around the lower part of the chamber 0 is provided a gas-introduction chamber E, by
which the gas necessary to dry the material is introduced into the lower part of the chamber 0 through openings 6 e opposite and be ICO neath the lower sides of the adjacent ends of the lower rowsof diaphragmsD within said chamber. The gas used enters the chamber E freely or is injected therein by a fan or by any other analogous means. It may be heated, if desired, by a smoke-pipe or steam-pipe e or by any other suitable means, or, if 'de-' sired, it may be heated by some physical or chemical means. One form of heatingapparatus, as the stove G, is shown in Fig. 1. This can heat, it it is so desired, the chamber E or the exhaust-chamber 'B or the draft-= chimney Z) or the several parts together, and the heat may be distributed and-regulated at: will by means of suitable registers, as h-h.
The diaphragms D of the treating-chamber O are arranged in rows, superposed and alternated'in direction, those of one row crossing those of'the other. The rowsof the same direction are alternated in such manner "that thediaphragms of the third row correspond in position with those of the 'first,-and so on, while those of the second row cross those of the first, and those of the fourth row correspond with those'of the'second, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Preferably each diaphragm is l of triangular forinwitli thetwo upper sides oppositely inclinedandthe bottom side hori 'zetitarand open. The lower edgesof each superposed 'rowi'eston the tops of 'the-adjac'e'ntlow'er ro'w, and'thus all 'fhe'u'pper rows are supported. The inclined sides may be "constructed with 'a plain continuous surfaca; as s'ho'wnin Fig. 5, or theymay beformed of} superposed overlapping strips, 'lea'ving 'be-l tween their overlapping edges spaces 'for'the passage-of the gas, or theyinay be'formed as! indicated in Figs. 6 and zvmerein the super- ,p'osejd strips arealternately ,plainand-corru-E gates, thereby leaving the series of; openings corresponding to the corrugations of the cor-E 'riigated strips for the air-spaces. .Whe'nthel diaphragins are constructed with plain in-l j'clined'upper surfaces, each 'diaphrag'm mayl be provided atits upper part'with bneprl inqre'openings, as dinFigs. 1, 2,and5,'wlii'chl 'willbe'arranged to coineinimediately beneath j the diaplirag'rns of the row'iinmediately above. f
These openings areprovided with'registers d, which are opened'andclosed by means of:
valve sandrods (1 as seen'i'n Figs. 1, 2,'and 5.[
The operation of the apparatns is as fol- Idws: The cereals or other material to be;
ltrated'is'placed in the receiving-chamber A, from Whencejitpassestliroughthe hoppers a;
and'into the treatingchamber C, where it'is separatedand regularly'distributed by fall-; m
onthe inclined sides of 'tlie-diaphr'aginsi; D l l'jso that a ittravers'es'the chamber and; fallsffroin one diaphragm to'anotlier it is cons'taliuy'spiit up into smaustreams. 'Ifa'ciP-E 'cdlation bf air within the chamber is desired,
thecliamber B'willbepnt in communication "withth'e draft-chimney b, thereby drawing air'fromthechamber-"E,through chamber 0;
and'biit of chamber B into the chimney b.
The air or other-gas utilizedenters'the chain her 0 through the openings ee beneath the diaphragms, and is conducted by the latter and evenly distributed throughout the mass of material as it travels regularly from the bottom to the top and until it reaches the exhaust-chamber B, from whence it is withdrawn through chimney b. As the drying is accomplished the material may be withdra'wnthrough the discharge-spout f in the quantities desired, and then as the mass descends a quantity of material equivalent to that withdrawn may be placed in the hopper a and treated,-in order that the amount extracted may be -replaced by an equivalent amount of't'resh material. One may continue charging the apparatus with material through the chamber A and withdrawing the treated material from the diseliarge spout fwhen it is desired that the operation o f'the apparatus shall be continuous Bythis device a do'nble circulation is obtained,-'the wgas or air going from thebottom to the'top'and the material to be treated from thetopto *the bottom. It the materiaL'by reason of its extremely finelydivided conditionorby its-excessive humidity, offers toogreat a resistance to the circulationof the gas orair, thedatter may be facilitated by opening for-ashort time, either partiall-y or entirely, the registers cZ'. "l -his "will permitthe air to rise directl-ythi-oughthe interiors of the corresponding diaphragms andwill diminish to that extent the thickness of the material to jbetr'aversed. When one wishes merely to .dry the cereals, it will "be oftenpossible, if the outer temperature is favorable, to dispense with heating the air or gas which traverses the apparatus or to limit the heatingto the chamber B for maintaining the draft; but as a general rule it willbe most advantageous to'heat the-air or gas as "it onters the drierfor example, in the chaniber'E.
'With my apparatus'the drying ofthe cereals may be combined with their treatment 'with a disinfectant or an insecticidesuch,for example, asare used for combatingthe weevil ofwheat ortorpreparinggrains intended for sowing. If the substance so'employed is gaseous,it may be introduced intothe apparatus mixed with ordinary air, which willserve for "thedrying. This can be done in the heatingchamber or by connecting the gas-producin garpparatus in any suitable manner. -'If the substance is volatile, its receptacles may-be placed in this chamber in order to accomplish its'vaporization, or this may be accomplished and-the resulting-gas fed to the apparatus in any well-known'manner. In employingapowderedo'r liquid 'subs'tan'elit is mixed inthe receiving cham'ber A with themateriabtobe treated, and duringthe descent of the'latter through the apparatusfthe mixture becomes very intimate andper ftly uniform,--owing to the eflect of -the diaphragms D on'the' fallingsub'stance; v M
Myinvention may be variously modified 'witho'ut dpai'ting fromitsessen'tial features,
and I do not limit myself to the 'exactconstruction shown and described, which is the preferred form of my invention. The form and dimensions of the apparatus, as well as the materials of which it is constructed, may be varied to suit the circumstances of the case. I may also employ any known means for feeding the matter to be treated to the chamber A and for withdrawing it from the spout f,
as well as for heating the air or other gas used and for actuating or regulating the cirto the bottom and which ,is constructed to per surfaces, the diaphragms of each row cross- 7 I ing those of the adjacent rows and those. of
, each row resting with their lower edges on the tops of the next lower row, whereby as the material descends it will fall from one to the other thereof and as the gas ascends it will pass around said diaphragms, thereby thoroughly exposing the material to the gas, substantially asshown and described.
2. In a drier or analogous apparatus for treating cereals or other finely-divided or granular materials in which the material to be treated descends and the gas ascends, the combination, with a chamber adapted to receive the material at the top and discharge it at the bottom, and means for causing an upward circulation of gas through said chamber, of a plurality of rows of hollow diaphragms, superposed, and those of each row crossing those of the adjacent row, arranged in said chamber and constructed with sloping upper surfaces and having valved intercommunicating openings, whereby as the material descends it will fall from one to the other thereof and as the gas ascends it will pass around said diaphragms or through said valved opening, as desired, thereby thoroughly exposing the material to the gas.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
PAoLo BORGARELLI.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2437899A (en) * 1944-06-19 1948-03-16 Int Harvester Co Suction-type grain dryer and cooler
US2453278A (en) * 1945-11-13 1948-11-09 Sr Robert J Staples Grain drier
US2458165A (en) * 1947-03-18 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for conversion of fluid hydrocarbons
US2458358A (en) * 1944-03-14 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process of regenerating a moving bed of solid catalyst
US2488488A (en) * 1946-07-24 1949-11-15 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for conversion of fluid hydrocarbons
US2504215A (en) * 1944-01-05 1950-04-18 Kellogg M W Co Catalyst chamber
US2759274A (en) * 1956-08-21 Jonsson

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2759274A (en) * 1956-08-21 Jonsson
US2504215A (en) * 1944-01-05 1950-04-18 Kellogg M W Co Catalyst chamber
US2458358A (en) * 1944-03-14 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Process of regenerating a moving bed of solid catalyst
US2437899A (en) * 1944-06-19 1948-03-16 Int Harvester Co Suction-type grain dryer and cooler
US2453278A (en) * 1945-11-13 1948-11-09 Sr Robert J Staples Grain drier
US2488488A (en) * 1946-07-24 1949-11-15 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for conversion of fluid hydrocarbons
US2458165A (en) * 1947-03-18 1949-01-04 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method and apparatus for conversion of fluid hydrocarbons

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