US468969A - Tool-handle - Google Patents

Description

W. B. SWAN. T061. HANDLE;-

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(NoMode.)

16.466,969. Patented Peb. 16, 1692.'

{No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

W. B. SWAN. Too'L HANDLE.

No. 468,969. Patented Peb.` 16, 1892.

QJAQMJLM @KM rrnn STATES IVIIILIAM B. SIVAN, OF SEYMOUR, CONNECTICUT.

TOOL-HANDLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,969, dated February 16, 1892. I

Application iled .Tune 1, 1891. Serial No. 394,696. (Nomodel.)

T .fall whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, NVILLIAM B. SWAN, a citi-y zen of the United States, residing at Seymour, in thecounty of New I-Iaven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tool -Handles and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which 1t appertains to make and use the same.

My invention has for its object to provide a simple, inexpensive, and durable tool-han-V dle which shall be adapted for general use, but more especially as a handle for screwdrivers, gimlets, &c., and which shall combine with the features of an ordinary simple handle a spiral speed-driver and both a right and left ratchet-driver.

Q With these ends in view I have devised the simple and novel construction which l will now describe, referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1` is an elevation of the handle complete with a screw-driver locked in place therein, the hand-piecebeing pressed down to its extreme lowered position and wholly inclosing the spiral; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section; Fig. 3, a section on an enlarged scale on the line asin Fig.2,looking up; Fig. 4, a sec- `tion on the same line, looking down; Fig. 5,

a partial sectional view corresponding with Fig. 2, showing the hand-piece partially withdrawn from the chuck and spiral, as in use, the .-tool being withdrawn to show the construction of the locking-device; Fig. 6, a section on the line y y in Fig. 2, looking up, showing the left pawl in engagement with the ratchet; Fig. 7, a similar view showing the right pawl in engagement with the ratchet; and Fig. 8 isa detail plan view of the pawls, the plate by which they are carried, the operating-cam, and the spring, the two guides extending from the plate being in horizontal section.

1 denotes the hand-piece or handle proper, which may be of any ordinary or preferred design, the upper portion of the hand-piece shown in the drawings being octagonal in cross-section- 2 denotes a transverse recess in the upper portion of the handle, which extends inward from one side, and 3 a longitudinal recess extending from the lower end of the handle and intersecting the transverse recess. At the lower end of the hand-piece is the usual ferrule 4. i

5 denotes a plate fitting closely in recess 2 and having extending therefrom a guide 6, having a hole 7 through it, and a guide 8, provided with a socket 9, the purpose of which will presently be explained. 10 and 11 de.- note, respectively, right and .left pawls pivoted to said plate, both of said pawls being normally thrown inwardthat is, to their operative position-by a spring or springs l2. In the presentinstance I have shown a single curved spring engaging and controlling both` pawls. When it is desired to use the handle upon the ratchet principle, either of the pawls may be thrown out of position by an operating-cam 13 upon theinner side of plate 5, said cam lying between the two pawls, as clearly shown, and being provided with a shank 14, which extends through plate 5 and is provided with finger-piece 15 for convenience in operation.

16 denotes a longitudinal sleeve in recess 3, which fits snugly -in said recess, but is capable of rotation therein. The upper end of the sleeve passes through hole 7 in guide, the

extreme upper end being reduced, as at 18, and resting in socket- 9 in guide S, in which it turns freely.A In practice the upper end of this sleeve consists of a ratchet 19, which is preferably made solid and is engaged by one or both of the pawls in use. Vithin sleeve 16, and just below the solid upper lend thereof, is a solid rib or cross-piece 20. At the lower end of the sleeve (see Figs. 3 and 5) are one or more recesses 21, which are engaged by corresponding lugs 22 on a sleeve 23, which for convenienceI will term the short sleeve. Sleeve 23 .and the lower end ofv sleeve 16 are inclosed within andare held in place by an inner ferrule 17, which is driven-tightly into the handle and may be locked in place, if `preferred, by a pin 17l or in any suitable man-l ner. Sleeve 16 is provided with suitable hold- Vro By the terms upper and.lower ends I vrefer to the position of the parts asseen in Figsl, 2, and 5, it being of course obvious that in use the handle will work equally well in any position. Within sleeves 16 Aand 23 is a spiral 24, at the lower end of which is rigidly secured a chuck 25, by which the tool to vbe used is carried. The upper end of the-spiral is provided with a recess 26, which is adapted to receive cross-piece 20, so as to lock the spiral to the ratchet when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 2.v In this position 'of the parts, as the ratchet is also locked to the hand-piece by the pawls,it -follows that when the hand-piece is turned the ratchet, spiral,

and chuck will be turned thereby, thus caus-Y ing the handle to operate as an ordinary simple handle, all of which willpresently be fully explained. It will be readily understood that the spiral is wholly independent of sleeve 16,

except when in the position shownl in Figs. l and 2, in which cross-piece 20 is in engagement with recess 26. Sleeve 23, however, is provided with one or more lugs 27, which engage the grooves of thev spiral, so that said sleeve 23 must either be rotated by the spiral or when said sleeve is locked to sleeve 16 by are stops 28, which are engaged by lugs 27, to

, or bolt 36. l ger-piece 37, which extends through a slot 3S 4limit theinward and outward movements of the spiral and to hold the parts imposition after assembling. The upper stop appears onlyfin dotted lines in Fig. 2. The lower stop, which is identical, shows clearly in Figs. 2 and 5.

29 is a coil-spring lying between the lower end ofsleeve 23 and the end of the ferrule, which receives and cushions said sleeve when the upward movement of the hand-piece is made. The chuck is provided with a recess 30 to receive the shanks of tools. The shanks, which are denoted by 31, are each provided with an outwardly-extending lug 32. The chuck is provided at its lower vend with va longitudinal groove 33, which intersects a short-transverse groove 34, the latter groove being of just suitable size to receive and hold lclosely the lug 32 on the shank of a tool. The

chuck is also `provided with a longitudinal re-V cess 35, which receives a spring-actuated pin This pin is provided with a 1inin the side ofthe chuck. Longitudinal groove 33 and longitudinal recess 35 register with yeach other, the lower end of the pin extendtool inA the chuck. To lremove a tool from the chuck, pin v36 is moved backward by means of the finger-piece, and the tool given aslightrotary movement to carry the lug 32 out of groove 34, after which it isdrawn straight out.

The operation is as follows: Suppose that it isv desired to use the handle as a speeddriver, cam 13 is turned by means of the iinger-piece, so that the engaging portion of said cam, which I have denoted specifically4 by 13, is turned toward the front from the position shown in Fig.` S-that is to say, so that said engaging portion does not hold either of the pawls out of operative positiombut leaves both pawls free to be moved inward by the spring int) engagement with the teeth of ratchet 19. the hand-piece is moved outward sleeve 16 is drawn out-ward with it, disengaging lugs 22 on the short sleeve 23 from recesses 21 in the lower end of sleeve 16. It follows, therefore, the two sleeves being no longer connected and the hand-piece with sleeve 16 being drawn upward over the spiral, that sleeve 23, through the engagement of lugs 27 on said sleeve with the 'grooves of the spiral, must be rotated thereby, said sleeve 23, following sleeve 16 closely, being held in position by the ferrule and spring 29, there being an1pledistance,how

ever, between said sleeves to prevent lugs. 22

from engaging the recesses 21. 4The rotation of sleeve 23 will continue until the outward movement ot the hand-piece is stopped by the I engagement of the lugs 27 with the stops 28 at the upper end ot' the spiral. Should it bev desired to turn in a screw, the operator engages the blade of the driver with the groove in the head of the screw, draws the handpiece upward, as just described, and `then forces it straight downward. Vhen the downward movement of the hand-piece and sleeve 16 commences, lugs 22 upon sleeve 23 are forced into recesses 21 in the lower end of sleeve 16, thus locking the two sleeves together. As sleeve 1,6 can no longer rotate, it follows that downward movement ofthe handpicce must cause saidsleeve to impart rotary movement to the spiral, carrying with it the chuck and the driver and turning the screw in rapidly, the speed at whicht-he screw is turned vin depending, of course, upon the pitch of the thread of the spiral. Should greater power be required than can be obtained through the use of the spiral-as, for instance, in setting a largeesized screw-the handle is operated in themanner ot' an ordinary screw-driver when the hand-piece is down to its lowered position, as in Figs. 1 and 2, no special set-ting of the pawls being required.

Should it be required to use the tool as an 1 ordinary ratchet-driver, as in turning in ay In this position of the parts when IIO pawl with the ratchet locking the ratchet against rotation independently of the handpiece when turned toward the right,butleav ing it disengaged from the hand-piece-when the latter is turned toward the left. The operator, therefore, withoutremoving his hand from the hand-piece, turns toward the right to drive the screw in, then turns the handle backward to the starting position, and 'then' turns forward again, the right pawl slipping freely over the ratchet when the hand-piece is turned backward.

Suppose now that it is required to remove a screw that has been already driven. operator-by means of the finger-piece turns cam 13 until the engaging portion thereof forces the right pawl out of engagement with the4 ratchet, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8, leaving the left pawl in engagement therewith. 'This locks the hand-piece, ratchet, spiral, chuck, dac., together when the hand-piece is turned toward the left, but leaves the hand-piece disconnected from the ratchet when the hand- The handle thus becomes a ratchet-driver for the purpose of withdrawing screws. Then the left pawl is thrown out of operative position, it is a ratchet-driver for the purpose of driving screws, and when both pawls are in engagement with the ratchet the handle becomes a spiral speed-driver.

I have only illustrated a single tool-z'. e., a screw-driver-in the drawings. It will of course be apparent, however, that gimlets or other tools may be substituted, if required, the handle being admirably adapted for use as a speed-driver for gimlets and small-sized bits.

Having thus described 'm y invention, I claim- 1. In a tool-handle, a sleeve socketed in the hand-piece and having a ratchet and a crossv piece at one end and recesses 21 at the other end, and a spiral having a recess 26 at one endjto engage the cross-piece and carrying av chuck at the other end, in combination with a sleeve 23, having lugs 22, adapted to enga-ge the recesses in sleeve 16, lugs 27, which engage the grooves of the spiral, pawls adapted to engage the ratchet, and an operating-cam, whereby either pawl may be thrown out of engagement.

2. In a tool-handle, the combination, with a sleeve 16, socketed in the handle and having a cross-piece 20 at one end and recesses 21 at the other end, and a spiral having at one end a recess to receive the cross-piece and at the other end a chuck, of a sleeve 23, having lugs 22, adapted to engage the recesses in sleeve 16, and lugs 27, engaging the grooves of the spiral, and stops 2S near the ends of the spiral, which engage lugs 27 to limit the inward and outward movement of the spiral, substantially as described.

3. In a tool-handle, a sleeve 16, socketed in the handle and having a ratchet and crosspiece at one end and recesses 21 at the other The Aand an operating-cam, whereby either of said pawls may be retained out of operative position, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with the hand-piece having transverse and longitudinal recesses and a ferrule 4, a sleeve 16, having a ratchet 19,a cross-piece 20, and a recess 21 in the lonp gitudinal recess, and a plate 5, having guides 6 and 8 for said sleeve in the transverse recess, of a spiral having at its upper end a recess 26adaptedto engage the cross-piece, and at its outer end a chuck, a sleeve 23, having lugs 22, adapted to engage recesses 21, and lugs 27, engaging the grooves of the spiral, spring-actuated pawls upon plate 5, which normally engage the ratchet, and an operating-cam which, is adapted to retain either pawl out of engagement with the ratchet, so that the handle may be used as a spiral speeddriver or as a right or left4 ratchet-driver.

v 5. The combination, with the hand-piece having a ferrule 4 and sleeves 16` and. 23, havinglugs and recesses, as shown, said sleeve 16 having at its upper enda ratchet and a` cross-piece, of a spiral having a carryingchuck and a recess at its opposite end adapted to receive the cross-piece, spring-actuated pawls which normally engage the ratchet, an operating-cam whereby either pawl may be held out of engagement therewith, and a spring 29 between sleeve 23 and the ferrule, substantially as described.

6. In a tool-handle, the hand-piece and the spiral having a recess at its upper end and carrying a chuck at its lower end, in. combiother, sleeve 16 having at its upper end .a

IOC

ratchet and a cross-piece and said sleeve 23 having lugs 27, which engage grooves ,of the spiral, and spring-actuated pawls adapted to `en gage the ratchet, so that when thehand-piece is lifted sleeve 16 is disengaged from sleeve 23, the spiral passing freely through sleeve 16 and imparting rotation to sleeve-23, and when the hand-piece is moved downward sleeves 16 and 23 are engaged and rotaryvrnovemcnt is imparted to the spiral, substantially as` described.

7. In a tool-handle, the hand-piece and the spiral having a recess at its upper end and carrying a chuck at its lower end, in combination with sleeves 16 and 23, having lugs and recesses, whereby said sleeves engage each other, sleeve 16 having at its upper end a rengage lthe ratchet, and an operating-cam whereby either pawl may be thrown out of4 engagement, so that when the recess in the spiral isin engagement with the cross-piece and a paw is thrown out of engagement the handle becomes either a right or left ratchethandle.

8. In a tool-handle, a sleeve 16, soeketed in the hand-piece and having an annular rib and recesses 21, and a spiral earryinga chuck, in

combination with a sleeve 23, having lugs 22, 1o adapted to engage the recesses in sleeve 16, y

and lugs 27, whiehengage the grooves of the l 1 spiral, and an inner ferrnle 17, which inoloses sleeve 23 and is engaged by the rib on sleeve 16.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presen ee of tWo witnesses.

WILLIAM B. SWAN.

Witnesses:

' DAVID F. BUSCH, ROBERT HEALEY.

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