US4555994A - Boiler-heating assembly with oil- and coal-fired ignition burners - Google Patents

Boiler-heating assembly with oil- and coal-fired ignition burners Download PDF

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Publication number
US4555994A
US4555994A US06/638,225 US63822584A US4555994A US 4555994 A US4555994 A US 4555994A US 63822584 A US63822584 A US 63822584A US 4555994 A US4555994 A US 4555994A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
oil
chamber
air
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US06/638,225
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl Voigt
Jurgen Kamm
John Norbert
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Wintershall Dea International AG
Original Assignee
Rheinisch Westfaelisches Elektrizitaetswerk AG
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Assigned to RHEINISCH-WESTFALISCHES ELEKTRIZITATSWERKE AG, A CORP. OF GERMANY reassignment RHEINISCH-WESTFALISCHES ELEKTRIZITATSWERKE AG, A CORP. OF GERMANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: JOHN, NORBERT, KAMM, JURGEN, VOIGT, KARL
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Publication of US4555994A publication Critical patent/US4555994A/en
Assigned to RWE-ENERGIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT (RUE ENERGIE AG) reassignment RWE-ENERGIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT (RUE ENERGIE AG) ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: RHEINISCH-WESTFALISCHES ELEKTRIZITATSWERK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT (AG)
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/007—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel liquid or pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • Our present invention relates to an ignition burner associated with a main burner in an assembly of such burners serving to heat a power-generating boiler.
  • Burners of the type here considered generally have a central pipe through which oil (or sometimes gas) is fed to a nozzle where it is ignited by electronic means such as a spark plug.
  • This pipe is coaxially surrounded by several tubes forming channels for the passage of air and fuel which intermix in the region of the nozzle so as to be fired by its flame.
  • the air flow may be set in rotation by passing through a twist-blade ring or impeller, e.g. as taught in U.S. Pat. No. 4,333,405, for a thorough intermingling with the fluid which is separately conveyed to the nozzle area. While this fluid may also be oil, its high cost and occasional scarcity are conducive to the use of cheaper combustibles such as coal dust; this is also described in the above-identified U.S. patent.
  • a brown-coal fuel known as TBK 10
  • TBK 10 brown-coal fuel
  • It has a particle size with at least 43% by weight of 90-micron and 16% by weight of 200-micron particles, and a heat value of 21.4 MJ/kg.
  • this fuel has not been successfully used in a power-plant burner of the type discussed above.
  • An ignition burner associated with a main burner in an assembly heating a power-generating boiler of a power plant or the like, comprising a burner housing which defines a generally cylindrical chamber with a peripheral wall centered on an axis and with wide-open upstream and downstream ends.
  • Fuel oil is fed by first supply means through the igniter pipe to the oil nozzle to form an oil spray emitted from that nozzle.
  • a tubular, generally cylindrical and double-walled powder nozzle is spacedly centered on the igniter pipe ahead of its oil nozzle so as to divide the axial flow into an outer and an inner stream, the walls of the powder nozzle defining an interspace with an annular outlet open toward the downstream end of the chamber.
  • the oil nozzle carries, downstream of the powder-nozzle outlet, a stationary annular baffle with a frustoconical solid rear surface projecting into the path of the inner air stream, the outer diameter of this rear surface being close to the inner diameter of the powder nozzle for deflecting the inner air stream radially outward into the path of an annular stream of a mixture of powdered coal and air which is fed by second supply means, preferably including a source of brown coal or lignite, tangentially into the interspace at an entrance manifold closed to the outside whereby that annular stream is set in rotation.
  • second supply means preferably including a source of brown coal or lignite
  • This rotation is maintained during passage of the mixture through the interspace of the powder nozzle and emission by its outlet so as to insure a thorough intermingling of that mixture with the additional air of the inner stream as the latter crosses the path of the mixture on being outwardly deflected by the annular baffle.
  • the deflected air-enriched mixture then meets the outer air stream which, along with the inner air stream, may have been set in codirectional rotation by the generaing blower means.
  • the inner surface of the outer wall of the powder nozzle is outwardly flared at the outlet so as to cause a certain divergence of the annular mixture flow as it meets the outwardly deflected inner air stream.
  • Such a burner can be simultaneously oil- and coal-fired but could also be only oil-fired at times.
  • the oil nozzle and its annular baffle, when coal cannot be burned, will in no way interfere with the combustion of oil fed instead through the interspace of the double-walled nozzle.
  • FIG. 1 is partly schematic axial section through the burner according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken along the line II--II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a large-scale view of the detail indicated at III in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a boiler chamber for a power plant equipped with an array of main burners and associated ignition burners as shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 showing, somewhat schematicaly, a boiler 100 of an otherwise nonillustrated power plant disposed in a heating space or fire chamber 105 which is bounded by four mainly ceramic vertical walls 101-104. Each of these walls is centrally penetrated by a burner housing 3, more fully illustrated in FIG. 1, disposed between two main burners 18' and 18" which are trained upon the boiler 100 at an upper and at a lowr level, respectively.
  • Main burners 18' and 18" are associated with respective ignition burners 2' and 2", disposed in housing 3, whose construction will be described in detail hereinafter.
  • the main burners illustrated only in part, are fueled with comminuted brown coal or lignite.
  • each housing 3 includes a common air supply and a common fuel supply for the ignition burners 2' and 2" juxtaposed therein. The axis of each main burner intersects that of the associated ignition burner.
  • heating space 105 need not be square, as shown, but could be generally rectangular. Also, the number of main burners and ignition burners carried on each wall 101-104 could be varied.
  • the housing 3 of a representative ignition burner 2 forms a peripheral wall of a horizontally open cylindrical chamber 4 with wide-open upstream and downstream ends centered on an axis A.
  • An oil nozzle 5 terminating in an air-deflecting annular baffle 6 is carried at the downstream end of an ignition pipe 13 that extends along the axis A out of the housing 3 and is connected to an oil supply shown schematically at 14.
  • a blower 15 feeds air to the left-hand upstream end of the chamber 4 so that this air flows axially, and with a rotation imparted to it by the blower, to the right-hand downstream end of that chamber.
  • a conventional shutter 12 can close off the upstream end of chamber 4.
  • a nozzle tube 7 is coaxially and spacedly centered on pipe 13 in the chamber 4 slightly upstream of the oil nozzle 5.
  • This tube 7, dividing the interior of chamber 4 into an outer and an inner air channel, is double-walled so that it forms a cylindrical interspace 8 that opens axially downstream at an outlet 10 more clearly seen in FIG. 3.
  • the inner surface of the outer wall of the tube 7 is outwardly flared at 16.
  • the opposite end of space 8 opens into a spiral-shaped, forwardly closed manifold 11 that is fed a mixture of coal dust and air from a supply 17 through a supply pipe 9 supporting the tube 7 in chamber 4.
  • the suspension of coal dust and air is fed tangentially into the rear end of interspace 8 so that it issues corotatingly with the outer air stream from the outlet 10.
  • the tube 7 has an axial length l ranging between one-half and three-fourths the length L of the chamber 4, preferably equaling about two-thirds thereof.
  • This tube which acts as a flow smoother, directs an inner air flow onto the frustoconical rear surface of baffle 6 deflecting that flow outward past outlet 10.
  • the inner diameter D of tube 7 is but slightly greater than the outside diameter d of the baffle 6. This allows the nozzle 5 to be changed from a standard ignition nozzle to a pilot or lance-type nozzle, depending on the chosen style of operation.
  • fine TBK 10 brown-coal dust is mixed with air at a ratio between 4:1 and 8:1 by mass.
  • Oil is fed in to produce about 1/19 th as much heat as the coal dust.
  • the rated capacity of the nozzle 5 may account for not more than about 5% of the maximum heat output of the burner 2. Thus the oil will serve only to keep the coal dust burning.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
US06/638,225 1981-10-14 1984-08-06 Boiler-heating assembly with oil- and coal-fired ignition burners Expired - Fee Related US4555994A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3140798 1981-10-14
DE3140798A DE3140798C2 (de) 1981-10-14 1981-10-14 Zündbrenner für eine Kraftwerkskesselfeuerung

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06558997 Continuation-In-Part 1983-12-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4555994A true US4555994A (en) 1985-12-03

Family

ID=6144085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US06/638,225 Expired - Fee Related US4555994A (en) 1981-10-14 1984-08-06 Boiler-heating assembly with oil- and coal-fired ignition burners

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4555994A (en, 2012)
AU (1) AU554087B2 (en, 2012)
CA (1) CA1199861A (en, 2012)
DD (1) DD204299A5 (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE3140798C2 (en, 2012)
IN (1) IN158023B (en, 2012)
PL (1) PL139824B1 (en, 2012)
SU (1) SU1144627A3 (en, 2012)
YU (1) YU43526B (en, 2012)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4704971A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-11-10 Brennstoffinstitut Freiberg Pulverized-coal burner
US4722287A (en) * 1986-07-07 1988-02-02 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Sorbent injection system
US4838185A (en) * 1985-05-03 1989-06-13 Charbonnages De France Fluid fuel combustion process and turbulent-flow burner for implementing same
US4930430A (en) * 1988-03-04 1990-06-05 Northern Engineering Industries Plc Burners
US5038722A (en) * 1989-08-09 1991-08-13 Enel-Ente Nazionale Per L'energia Elettrica Fuel burner for a boiler
US5588379A (en) * 1991-03-20 1996-12-31 Witteveen; Gustaaf J. Mixing device and method for gaseous liquid of pulverised substances
US5651320A (en) * 1993-07-30 1997-07-29 Babcock Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Gmbh Burner for burning powdered fuel
US20090325110A1 (en) * 2008-06-30 2009-12-31 William John Mahoney Reliable ignition of hot oxygen generator
US20120042970A1 (en) * 2010-08-17 2012-02-23 Klages Steven S Device and method for supplying a sorbent
US20140157790A1 (en) * 2012-12-10 2014-06-12 Zilkha Biomass Power Llc Combustor assembly and methods of using same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2064868C (en) * 1990-06-29 1996-04-09 Shigeki Morita Combustion apparatus

Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1468008A (en) * 1922-11-18 1923-09-18 Charles W Dyson Process of and apparatus for burning powdered fuel
US1953090A (en) * 1931-11-17 1934-04-03 Guysbert B Vroom Burner for liquid or comminuted solid fuels
US2046767A (en) * 1932-05-25 1936-07-07 Sinclair Refining Co Combustion apparatus
US3147795A (en) * 1961-12-27 1964-09-08 Combustion Eng Burner utilizing an eddy plate for proper mixing of fuel and air
US3208502A (en) * 1961-03-08 1965-09-28 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Fuel burners having air control means
US3822654A (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-07-09 S Ghelfi Burner for burning various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels
US4132180A (en) * 1975-07-31 1979-01-02 Fredrick William L Apparatus and method for enhancing combustibility of solid fuels
US4147116A (en) * 1977-09-19 1979-04-03 Coal Tech Inc. Pulverized coal burner for furnace and operating method
US4206712A (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-06-10 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fuel-staging coal burner
US4304196A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-12-08 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Apparatus for tilting low load coal nozzle
US4326702A (en) * 1979-10-22 1982-04-27 Oueneau Paul E Sprinkler burner for introducing particulate material and a gas into a reactor
US4333405A (en) * 1979-08-16 1982-06-08 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Burner for combustion of powdered fuels
US4377134A (en) * 1981-08-03 1983-03-22 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Steam temperature control with overfire air firing
US4422389A (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-12-27 Deutsche Babcock Aktiengesellschaft Solid-fuel burner
US4425855A (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-01-17 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Secondary air control damper arrangement
US4434747A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-03-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Burner-tilt drive apparatus for a pulverized coal fired steam generator
US4438709A (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-03-27 Combustion Engineering, Inc. System and method for firing coal having a significant mineral content
US4457241A (en) * 1981-12-23 1984-07-03 Riley Stoker Corporation Method of burning pulverized coal
US4466363A (en) * 1979-08-16 1984-08-21 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Method of igniting a pulverized coal annular burner flame

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1468008A (en) * 1922-11-18 1923-09-18 Charles W Dyson Process of and apparatus for burning powdered fuel
US1953090A (en) * 1931-11-17 1934-04-03 Guysbert B Vroom Burner for liquid or comminuted solid fuels
US2046767A (en) * 1932-05-25 1936-07-07 Sinclair Refining Co Combustion apparatus
US3208502A (en) * 1961-03-08 1965-09-28 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Fuel burners having air control means
US3147795A (en) * 1961-12-27 1964-09-08 Combustion Eng Burner utilizing an eddy plate for proper mixing of fuel and air
US3822654A (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-07-09 S Ghelfi Burner for burning various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels
US4132180A (en) * 1975-07-31 1979-01-02 Fredrick William L Apparatus and method for enhancing combustibility of solid fuels
US4147116A (en) * 1977-09-19 1979-04-03 Coal Tech Inc. Pulverized coal burner for furnace and operating method
US4206712A (en) * 1978-06-29 1980-06-10 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fuel-staging coal burner
US4333405A (en) * 1979-08-16 1982-06-08 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Burner for combustion of powdered fuels
US4466363A (en) * 1979-08-16 1984-08-21 L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh Method of igniting a pulverized coal annular burner flame
US4304196A (en) * 1979-10-17 1981-12-08 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Apparatus for tilting low load coal nozzle
US4326702A (en) * 1979-10-22 1982-04-27 Oueneau Paul E Sprinkler burner for introducing particulate material and a gas into a reactor
US4422389A (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-12-27 Deutsche Babcock Aktiengesellschaft Solid-fuel burner
US4377134A (en) * 1981-08-03 1983-03-22 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Steam temperature control with overfire air firing
US4457241A (en) * 1981-12-23 1984-07-03 Riley Stoker Corporation Method of burning pulverized coal
US4434747A (en) * 1982-07-01 1984-03-06 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Burner-tilt drive apparatus for a pulverized coal fired steam generator
US4438709A (en) * 1982-09-27 1984-03-27 Combustion Engineering, Inc. System and method for firing coal having a significant mineral content
US4425855A (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-01-17 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Secondary air control damper arrangement

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4838185A (en) * 1985-05-03 1989-06-13 Charbonnages De France Fluid fuel combustion process and turbulent-flow burner for implementing same
US4919611A (en) * 1985-05-03 1990-04-24 Charbonnages De France Fluid fuel combustion process and turbulent-flow burner for implementing same
US4704971A (en) * 1985-11-12 1987-11-10 Brennstoffinstitut Freiberg Pulverized-coal burner
US4722287A (en) * 1986-07-07 1988-02-02 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Sorbent injection system
US4930430A (en) * 1988-03-04 1990-06-05 Northern Engineering Industries Plc Burners
US5038722A (en) * 1989-08-09 1991-08-13 Enel-Ente Nazionale Per L'energia Elettrica Fuel burner for a boiler
AU623064B2 (en) * 1989-09-08 1992-04-30 Enel - Ente Nazionale Per L'energia Elettrica Improvements in a fuel burner for a boiler
US5588379A (en) * 1991-03-20 1996-12-31 Witteveen; Gustaaf J. Mixing device and method for gaseous liquid of pulverised substances
US5651320A (en) * 1993-07-30 1997-07-29 Babcock Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Gmbh Burner for burning powdered fuel
US20090325110A1 (en) * 2008-06-30 2009-12-31 William John Mahoney Reliable ignition of hot oxygen generator
US8105074B2 (en) 2008-06-30 2012-01-31 Praxair Technology, Inc. Reliable ignition of hot oxygen generator
US20120042970A1 (en) * 2010-08-17 2012-02-23 Klages Steven S Device and method for supplying a sorbent
US8578965B2 (en) * 2010-08-17 2013-11-12 Babcock & Wilcox Canada Ltd. Device and method for supplying a sorbent
US20140157790A1 (en) * 2012-12-10 2014-06-12 Zilkha Biomass Power Llc Combustor assembly and methods of using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8756682A (en) 1983-04-21
YU211182A (en) 1986-12-31
DE3140798A1 (de) 1983-04-28
SU1144627A3 (ru) 1985-03-07
CA1199861A (en) 1986-01-28
PL238625A1 (en) 1983-07-04
YU43526B (en) 1989-08-31
AU554087B2 (en) 1986-08-07
DD204299A5 (de) 1983-11-23
PL139824B1 (en) 1987-02-28
IN158023B (en, 2012) 1986-08-16
DE3140798C2 (de) 1983-12-22

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AS Assignment

Owner name: RHEINISCH-WESTFALISCHES ELEKTRIZITATSWERKE AG, KRU

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:VOIGT, KARL;KAMM, JURGEN;JOHN, NORBERT;REEL/FRAME:004296/0233

Effective date: 19840727

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LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362

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Effective date: 19891203

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Owner name: RWE-ENERGIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT (RUE ENERGIE AG)

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:RHEINISCH-WESTFALISCHES ELEKTRIZITATSWERK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT (AG);REEL/FRAME:005254/0165

Effective date: 19900122