US452622A

US452622A - short

Info

Publication number: US452622A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1891-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 1908-05-19

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet I.

S. H. SHORT.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY GAR.

No. 2,622. Patented May 19, 1 1.

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Patented May 19, 1891.

S. H. SHORT.

ELEGTRIG RAILWAY GAR.

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S. H. SHORT.

ELEGTRIG RAILWAY OAR.

Patented May 19,1891.

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(No Model.)

S. H. SHORT. ELECTRIC RAILWAY OAR.

No. 452,622. Patented May 19, 1891.

UN ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

SIDNEY l-I. SHORT, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE SHORT ELECTRIC RAILWAY COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC-RAILWAY CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 452,622, dated May 19, 1891.

Application filed December 17, 1890. Serial No. 375,007. (No model.) 7

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SIDNEY H. SHORT, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric -Railway Cars; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the .invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates more particularly to electric-railway cars which are propelled by one or more motors having each its armature axially placed with reference to a driving-axle and directly connected therewith; but each of the improvements constituting the invention is included for all the uses to which it may be adapted. By axially placed is to be understood that the axes of the armature and car-axle are coincident, or nearly so. By directly connected is-to be understood that the armature imparts one revolution to the driving-axle for each rotation of said armature.

In accordance with the present invention the axially-placed and directly-connected armature is mounted on journal-bearings, in which it turns in order to rotate the car-axle, and is combined with field-magnets mounted on any suitable part or parts of the car. The said magnets may, for example, be hung by journal-bearings from the car-axle with which the corresponding armature is directly connected and be held from rotation by a connection with another part of the car, or they may be mounted on the car-body or a frame under the said body, the frame being supported by the ordinary journals of the car or otherwise. In hanging the field magnets from the car-axle they may be hung directly or through the intermediary of a frame, and the connection for holding the field-magnets from rotating may extend from the field magnets or from the frame to the other part of the car. Regarding the car-body itself as a frame adapted to support the motor, it is preferred to mount the field-magnets and armature on a supporting-frame for one reason, because it enables a standard motor to be made, whichcan be readily applied to different cars notwithstanding difference in ing of special journals are thus avoided, and

of frames supported by the ordinary car-journals it is preferred to have the frame upheld by the axle-boxes rather than the pedestals of the car, so that the frame and motor do not partake of the vertical movements of the oar-body.

The invention also extends to the mounting on springs or buffers of the propellingmotor having its axially-placed and directly.

connected armature supported by journalbearings and to the insulation of said motor from the wheel-base of the vehicle.

The foregoing features are included generally in the invention irrespective of the precise form. of motor. The invention, however, covers special features in regard to this that is to say: first, the field-magnets are arranged horizotally; second, the field-magnets are placed above (or not materially below) the lowest part of the armature; third, the fieldmagnets are placed at the sides of the armature parallel with the car-axle; fourth, the field-magnets at the sides of the armature project from yokes perforated for the passage of the car-axle; fifth, multipolar field-magnets are employed,the armature being adapted to use with a multipolar field, as by means of cross-connections at the commutator; sixth, the field-magnets of the multipolar field are so arranged that the magnets ofthe two lowermost poles are equidistant from the lowest point of the armature, one in front and one in rear of the same. In this position the fieldmagne'ts may project somewhat beyond the periphery of the armature and still be above its lowest point. Although it is designed to use all these features in connection with one another, it is obvious that one or more of them maybe used without the others, and the invention extends to such use.

In the accompanyingdrawings, which form partof this specification, Figure I is a partial plan view, partly in horizontal section, of the truck of an electric-railway car containing the present invention. Fig. II is a section on line 1 2 of Fig. I. Fig. III is a section illustrating a somewhat different arrangement. Fig. IV is a section in a plan corresponding to that of Fig. II, illustrating an additional change. Fig. V is a transverse section illustratingthe support of the motor from the carbody, and FigsVI and VII are each a partial plan illustratiugother changes within the invention.

In Fig. I somewhat different mountings are shown for the two motors. This is done for the purpose of saving illustratiomas practically the motors on both axles would he made as nearly identical as possible, although of course they might be different, as shown.

In all the motors shown the armature A is composed of a soft-iron strip wound upon itself and provided with bobbins of insulated wire wrapped about the annular core so made in notches in the edges thereof. The bobbins are connected in closed series, and from the junction wires are led to the strips of a commutator D. The armature A in each motor is axially placed with reference to the caraxle 0, being mounted fast on the hollow armature-shaft A, which surrounds said axle and turns in suitable journal-bearings 2 in the bracket I. on the yoke F and in the yoke G, respectively. These yokes F and G make part of the motor-frame, which is shown as mounted on a motor-supporting frame, as will be described below. The direct driving-connection is made by forks N on the shaft A engaging arms N, projecting from a collar 6 fast on the car-axle O. Spring-pads 4, of, say, soft vulcanized rubber, are interposed between the forks N and the armsN', the ends of the pads being protected by metal caps 5.

The field-magnets E are in all the motors shown arranged symmetrically in a horizontal position above (or not materially below) the lowest point of the armature at the sides of the armature parallel with the car-axle. These are, as represented, eightin number to form a multipolar field of four poles, each pole being constituted by two magnets in line with each other on opposite sides of the armature. These field-magnets are so arranged that the four lowermost magnets are equidistant from the lowest point of the armature, the magnets of one polarity being in front and those of the othersign in the rear of said lowest point. The magnets E project from yokes F G of the motor-frame, in which the armature-shaftis journaled, as already stated. The yokes-are connected by arms H K. To facilitate the application to the car-axle, the

the other car-axle.

yokes F G, with the bracket I. and arms II K, are divided horizontallythrough the journalbearings. In allthc figures the. field-magnets are upheld on opposite sides of the car-axle, and, further, springs or buffers are interposed, so as to give elastic or yielding support. Likewise insulating material isinterposed between the motor-frame and the wheel-base of the vehicle. By using spring-pads 4 (of, say, soft vulcanized rubber) in the driving connection N N 4 and an insulating mounting for the field-magnets or motor-frame the whole motor may be insulated from the ground, an air-space being left between the hollow armature-shaft A and the car-axle C.

In the motor at the right hand of 'Fig. I the yokes F G have supporting-arms M cast on or formed integral with them and overlying the side bars U of the truck-frame, with springs or buffers interposed. In the motor at the left of Fig. I the supporting-arms It overlie the arms of a short frame P, in two parts, journaled on the car-axle between the car-wheels, one part adjacent to each wheel. The journal-bearings are shown at 7. The springs or buffers which are interposed between the arms M or M of the motor-supporting frame U or P, and which are or may be of soft vulcanized rubber, are, as shown, (see T, Fig. II,) confined between enlarged ends of said arms M or M and the heads \V, which have forks 8 on the under side for fastening them in place by bolts. Bolts 9 pass through the ends of arms M M and the underlying heads. (See section at left of Fig. II.) By making the springs or buffers T of rubber they serve also as insulators. To complete the insulation, the bolts 9 have insulatingsleoves where they pass through the arms M and M. The short frame I and the motor thereon are prevented from rotating with the car-axle by means of a cross-bar Q, as indicated in Figs. I and II, or by a connection with another part of the car adapted to that purpose. The crossbar Q is connected at the ends with the side bars U, springs or buffers T being shown on top and under the bottom of crossbar Q, interposed between said crossbar and heads \V, which are bolted together, and the lower of which are fastened to the side bars U. The lower half of the arm H is provided with a pivot-pin 10, working in a horizontal slot in the cross-bar Q. In Fig. III there is a connection Q from the arm II of the motor to the car-body, the said connection being in the form of a rod jointed to the canbody and provided with a flange 11 and nut 12, between which and the arm I-[ springs or buffers T are interposed.

In Fig. IV a bar Q, is jointed to the arm and is or may be jointed at the opposite end to a corresponding arm of a similar motor'on To save room the hub of the arms Nin themotorof thesefigures (and also of Fig. VII) is set inside of the enlarged end of the hollow shaft A, which may be cut IIO away opposite the arm N, so as to allow of other movements to the shaft A transversely on the car-axle.

I11 Fig. V the motor is mounted on the carbody Z, the motor-frame being bolted to the bottom under the floor. The motor in this I figure would partake of the motions up and down of the car-body on the main car-springs Z. In this figure, therefore, the car-bodyconstitutes the motor-supportin g frame.

In Fig. VI the motor-frame has arms ll which overlie the cross-bars Q, whose ends are fastened to the side bars U. The connection of the arms M with the cross-bars Q is by means of bolts 9 and heads IV, with springs or buffers of, say, soft vulcanized rubber, interposed, and the bolts provided with insulating-sleeves the same as described for the connections of the arms M M and the side bars U or the short frame P of Figs. I and II.

In Fig. VII there is a long frame P, which is hung by the brackets P" from the car-axle O, the brackets being journaled at 13 on the caraxle The motoris shown as mounted on the frame P and bolted thereto by means of feet l\' Pieces of soft vulcanized rubber to act as springs or buffers and as insulators are or may be interposed,as indicated at T'", the bolts having insulating-sleeves, as described with reference to Fig. II.

The side bars U in Figs. I and VI are shown as upheld by the journal-boxes U of the car, so that they do not partake of the motion of the car-body on the main car-springs. Side bars, which are connected with the four pedestals andwhich therefore partake of the motion of the car-body on the main car-springs, may replace the side bars U, and the side bars U may or may not have springsor buffers interposed between themselves and the j0urnalboxes, which is also a known arrangement of side bars.

The commutator D- turns beneath the brushes R and S, placed ninety degrees apart for the four-pole field shown. The current is applied and cut olf in any known or suitable way.

In all the figures it will be perceived that the armature is mounted on j ournal-bearings instead of being mounted on the car-axle, so as to dispense with journalbearings therefor. Moreover, in all the figures the hollow armature-shaft is enough larger than the car-axle to allow a useful amount of play or transverse movement to the motor, so as to make it ride more easily. It will further be perceived that in all the figures the motor is mounted on a supporting-frame, so that a suitable frame being provided a standard motor may be mounted thereon without special regard to the car-axle or other like details. In all the figures it will be further observed that the motor is spring-mounted and is insulated from the wheel-base of the vehicle.

In all the figures except Fig. V the motor is mounted on a supporting-frame under the motor is mounted 011 a supporting-frame upheld by the ordinary journals of the car. This frame in the right half of Fig. I and in Fig. VI is a frame under the car-body upheld by the journal-boxes of the car independently of the main springs Z of the car and not through said springs, as in the case of a motor (see Fig. V) which is mounted on the ear-body, or as would be the case if the side bars U in Figs. I and VI were secured to the pedestals. It will further be perceived that in all the figures the field-magnets E are arranged horizontally above (or not materially below) the lowest part of the armature or at the sides of the armature and project from yokes which have openings for the passage of the car-axle and which carry the journal-bearings of the hollow shaft A. The field-magnets are arranged to make a multipolar field of four poles, and the magnets of the lowermost pair of poles are equidistantfrom the lowest point of the armature in front and rear of the same, respectively. Further, it may be-observed that the motors are upheld at points on opposite sides of their respective car-axles. The motors shown have cross-connected armatnres and multipolar field-magnets, such motors being specially adapted to use with an axial mounting and direct connection, as shown. Two pole-motors might, however, be used.

It is evident that instead of having the armature rotate this might be held fromrotation, as described for the field-magnets, and the latter be allowed to turn with the caraxle, as described for the armature, and it will be understood that this reverse arrangement is included in the invention as a substitute for that particularly described without further specification herein.

Although a number of forms of motormountings have been described, it is not to be understood that these exhaust the modifications of which the invention is capable, but they are given by way of fuller illustration or more complete example than a single form would furnish.

I-Iavin g fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motor having an armature surrounding the driving-axle directly connected there- ,with by rigid arms and mounted in journalbearings formed in the yokes of the fieldmagnets, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motor comprising an armature provided with a hollow shaft surrounding a caraXle directly connected therewith by rigid arms and mounted on j ournal-bearings formed in the yokes of the field-magnets, said shaft being of sufficient diameter to allow move ments trztnsversely to the car-axle, substantially as described.

The combination, with a car, of a pro pelling-mot'or mounted on a supportin g-frame under the car-body, and comprisinganarmature surrounding a ear-axle connected therewith by rigid arms and mounted onjournalbearings formed in the yokes of the fieldmagnets, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motor mounted on a supporting-frame upheld by the ordinary journals of the car, and comprising an armature surrounding a car-axle directly connected therewith by rigid arms and mounted on journal-bearin gs formed in the yokes of the field-magnets, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with acar and an electric propellingmotor having an armature mounted in journal-bearings, said armature being arranged concentric with reference to a driving-axle and directly connected therewith, of a supporting-frame for the motor upheld independently of the body of the car, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a car, of a propolling-motor mounted on a supporting-frame upheld by the journal-boxes of the car independently of the main springs and comprising an axially-placed and directly-connected armature mounted on journal-bearings, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a car, of apropelling-motor mounted on springs or buffers independently of the main springs of the car and having an axially-placed and directlyconnectcd armature mounted on journal-bearings, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motor mounted on a supporti ngframe, with springs or buffers interposed, and comprising an axially-placed and directly-connected armature mounted on journal bear ings, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motor mounted,with springs orbutfers interposed, upon a supporting-frame upheld independently of the main springs of the car, so as to not partake of the motions of the ear-body on said main springs, and comprising an axially-placed and directly-connected armature mounted on journal-bearings, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with a car, of an in- )ortin -frame, and com )risin an axiall placed and directly connected armature mounted on journal-bearings, substantially as described.

12. The combination, with a car, of an insulated propelling-motor mounted on a supporting-frame upheld independently of the main springs of the car, and comprising an axially-placed and directly-connected armature mounted on journal-bearings, substantially as described.

13. The combination,withacar,of aspringmounted and insulated propelling-motorhaving an axially-placed and directly-connected armature mounted on journal-bearings, substantially as described.

1-1. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motorhavinghorizontal field-magnets and an armature surrounding a ear-axle directly connected therewith by rigid arms and mounted on journal-bearings formed in the yokes of the field-magnets, substantially as described.

15. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motor comprising an axially-placed and directly-connected armature mounted on journal-bearings, and field-magnets upheld at points on opposite sides of the car-axle by means of springs or buffers independently of the main springs of: the ear, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with a car, of a propelling-motorcomprisingadirectly-connected armature provided with a hollow shaft surrounding the ear-axle and mounted on jourhat-bearings, said shaft being of sufficient diameter to allow movements transversely of the car-axle, and field-magnets supported at points on opposite sides of the car-axle'throu gh springs or butters independently of the main springs of the car,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

S. U. SHORT. Witnesses:

JOHN G. DOLPH, A. B. CALHOUN.