US451126A - Hydraulic brick-machine - Google Patents

Hydraulic brick-machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US451126A
US451126A US451126DA US451126A US 451126 A US451126 A US 451126A US 451126D A US451126D A US 451126DA US 451126 A US451126 A US 451126A
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block
plunger
plungers
crank
ram
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/84—Safety devices

Definitions

  • Patented Ap1128, 1891 Patented Ap1128, 1891.
  • FIG. 1 is a top or plan view.
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevation, the feed mechanism being removed, on line 2 2 of Figs. 1, 6, and 7.
  • Fig. 3 is a rear elevation.
  • Fig. 4. is a longitudinal vertical section on line 4 4 of Figs. 1, 5, 6, and 7.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross vertical section on line 5 5 of Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7.
  • Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 6 6 of Figs.
  • Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on line '7 7 of Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 10.
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section through the feed mechanism on line 8 8 of Figs. 1, 6,
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged vertical section, most parts being shown in elevation on line 9 9 of Figs. 1, 6, 7, and 8, through the feed mechanism.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged vertical section, some parts being in elevation on line 10 10 of Figs. 1, 6, 7, and 8.
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail showing the cam for withdrawing the bottom of the feed-box.
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail showing the safety-valve, the valve being in section.
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail showing the safety-valve, the valve being in section.
  • Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail, being a vertical section on line 13 13 of Fig. let. Fig. 14 is an enlarged horizontal section on line I l 14 of Fig. 9, some parts being omitted to avoid confusion.
  • Fig. 15 is a detailed view showing the gearing for communicating motion from the main shaft to the driving-shaft of the feed mechanism and the belt-gearing for driving the mixer.
  • Fig. 16 is an enlarged detail, being a section through the resistance-block.
  • Fig. 17 is an enlarged detail, being a horizontal section through a mold-block and a portion of the turn-table.
  • Fig. 18 is a detail, being a vertical section through the safety device and the devices for throwing the turn-table gearing out of gear.
  • Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the cam-wheel which drives the turn-table.
  • Fig. 20 is an enlarged detail, being a section on line 20 20 of Fig. 18.
  • Fig. 21 is an enlarged detail, being an end view
  • Fig. 22 is a detail, being a side elevation of a portion of the safety device. 7
  • the object of my invention is to construct a new and improved hydraulic machine.
  • the machine may be used for making bricks, paving-blocks, coal-blocks, tile, and other similar pressed manufactures.
  • the upper plate A is supported from the base-plate A by columns a, as shown in the several figures, and is firmly secured upon these columns a by strain-bars a.
  • the size, number, position, and'arrangement of the columns a may be varied to suit the arrangement of the operative parts and the strength required, the arrangement shown being the best known to me.
  • the form and size of the upper plate A must be such as to support the operative parts, which are secured thereon, and to withstand the pressure, as hereinafter set forth; but these features may be varied according to the requirements of the machine.
  • the main driving-shaft B is supported in suitable bearings upon the upper plate A, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Upon this shaft B are secured two driving-wheels b, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Each driving-wheel b is driven by a pinion Z2, secured upon a shaft B, as best shown in Fig. 5. Upon the shaft B is secured a gear-wheel B which is driven by a pinion 6 as best shown in Figs. 1, 8, and 6. The pinion b is secured upon a shaft B This shaft is provided with a flywheel Zf and is driven by an engine B. The shafts B and B are mounted in suitable bearings supported from the base-plate A, and the engine 13' is also mounted upon the baseplate A.
  • the gearing above described for driving the shaft B from the engine B is well adapted and arranged for driving the shaft at the required speed. with the required power; but it is evident that the shaft B may be driven by any suitable power-transmitter separate from the remainder of the machine. I do not limit my invention to the gearing shown for driving the shaft B.
  • a bandwheel may be mounted on the shaft B in place of a crank for the engine B
  • the shaft B is provided with a crank c, to which is connected the upper end of a plunger O.
  • the plunger C works in a cylinder (3, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • the cylinder C is provided with trunnions c, which are mounted in suitable bearings secured upon the base-plate A, so that the cylinder 0' can oscillate with the plunger 0.
  • the trunnions c of the cylinder 0 are hollow, as shown in Fig. 5, and the end of one of the trunnions is closed byaplug, while to the opposite trunnion is attached a pipe 0
  • the pipe 0 is provided with a head 0 and the end of the trunnion is countersunk to receive the head 0 and a packing-ring.
  • the head 0 is secured in the countersink by a screwthreaded follower 0 which firmly holds the pipe 0 in position, while permitting the trunnion to turn.
  • the cylinder D is the large hydraulic cylinder hereinafter referred to.
  • the valve-chest D is provided with a safety-valve d, as shown in Fig. 12, which is held onto its seat by a weight, as shown; but a spring-valve may be employed, if desired.
  • a chamber P, which receives the overflow from the pipe C when the valve d is lifted.
  • a pipe D leads from the chamber (Z to a tank D (See Fig. 8.)
  • the valve-chest D is provided with a checkvalve d and a pipe D connects the port d of the check-valve d with the tank D
  • the pipe D is connected to the pipe D by a T-coupling communicating with the tank D but it is evident that it may be connected directly to the tank D
  • the arrangement shown is the best arrangement for various reasons.
  • a ram E as shown in Fig. 4, is located in the cylinder D, which is firmly supported upon the base-plate A.
  • the area of theram E is about six times the area of the plunger 0, so that the ram E will move about one-sixth the length of a stroke of the plunger 0 and at about one-sixth of its speed.
  • the ram E moves about six inches and the plunger C moves about thirty-six inches, the crank cbeing about eighteen inches in length.
  • the safety-valve d is weighted to withstand a desired pressure.
  • the cylinders C and D will be relieved of the excessive pressure caused by such resistance by the liquid passing into the chamber 01 through the pipe D to the tank D It will The rising of the plunger C will draw the liquid from the cylinder D into the cylinder C, the weight of the ram E causing the liquid to flow rapidly. Then the ram E has reached its lower limit, enough liquid will be.
  • check-valve d will prevent the passage of any liquid through the port d when the plunger 0 is descending.
  • a set-bolt D is screwed into the lower end of the ram E, so that it will engage with the bottom of the cylinder D and limit the descent of the ram E.
  • This bolt D may be set so that it will stop the descent of the ram at the point necessary to cause it to be lifted to the proper point in operation, as hereinafter set forth.
  • the mold-blocks F are mounted in a turntable F, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 6. As shown,l have provided'the turn-table F with six mold-blocks, and I have therefore designed the parts which operate with the turntable to operate correspondingly; but it is eviident that the number of mold-blocks F may be varied and the parts operating therewith varied accordingly.
  • the turn-table F is supported from a cylindrical column F as best shown in Fig. 4 and hereinafter set forth.
  • This column F i provided with an annular oil-groove at its top adapt-ed to receive an annular guidingring on the under side of an annular supporting-plate F
  • a spur-gear f is secured upon the plate F, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, by which the supporting-plate an d turntable are turned, as hereinafter described.
  • the turn-table F is secured to a flange f, depending from the plate F.
  • a cap-plate F madein sections,is secured upon the fiangef above theturn-table F and holds the mold-blocks F in the turn-table.
  • Each mold-block F contains five molds, as it is designed for pressing five bricks or blocks at one time; but the number of molds in each block may be varied as desired.
  • Each mold-block is provided with ashoulder f which rests upon a ledge in the turn-table F, and each mold-block can be lifted verti- E as shown in Figs. 4 and 7.
  • each mold is lined by hard-metal plates f which are double-mitered at their edges, so that they can be reversed when one sideis worn.
  • the corners of the openings in the blocks F, which receive the plates f are left full to the extent of the double miter. This avoids sharp angles in the block F and strengthens the block F at its weakest point. They are held in place, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, by plates f one above and one below, secured to the mold-block F.
  • the use of these securingplates enables the plates f to be secured in place without the use of screws or rivets, which would injure the wearing capacity of the plates f 7 Below the turn-table F is a series of plunger-blocks E.
  • plungerblocks E there are as many plungerblocks E as there are mold-blocks F.
  • Each plunger-block E is provided with plungers 6, arranged to enter the molds in the m old-block F.
  • the under side of each plunger-block E is adapted to be engaged by the ram E when brought into proper position, as shown in Figs. 4 and 7.
  • the inner end of each block is secured to a vertically-sliding guide-block
  • Each guideblock E has its vertical edges formed as guides, as shown in Fig. 17, adapted to enter grooves in a shell F depending from the flange f, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • This shell F rorates with the turn-table F, carrying with it the plunger-blocks E, and the guide-blocks E of the plunger-blocks E can slide vertically in the shell F
  • Each guide-block E is provided with an anti-friction roller or wheel e, which runs upon a track 6 secured to or formed with the column F
  • This track e has an upward incline on the front side of the machine in advance of the mechanical feed mechanism hereinafter set forth and indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, and on the rear side of the machine it has a downward incline, as indicated by dotted lines is Fig. 3.
  • each plunger-block E is raised to a little above the level of the upper end of the ram E, so that the plungers 6 will enter the molds in the corresponding mold-block F a short distance.
  • the mold-block arrives at the point where the molds are filled, it will be held in that position until after it has passed the ram E, when the plunger-block will descend, as shown, for purposes hereinafter set forth. y.
  • the upper plungers g are secured to the under side of a plunger-block G.
  • the plunger-block G as shown in Fig. 16, is provided with guides g, which enter grooves in a resistance-block G, as shown in Figs. 4 and 16.
  • the plunger-block G is provided with vertical grooves adapted to receive guides g, which guide the plunger-block G in its vertical movements.
  • the guides g are secured to the under side of the upper plate A.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the block G are inclined, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the upper inclined surface of the block G is in contact with the incline on the lower side of the upper plate A.
  • the lower inclined surface of the block G engages with an incline upon the plunger-block G, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the block G is supported by guides 9 as shown in Fig. 16, so that it can slide horizontally.
  • the upper plungers g When the lower plungers e are raised by the ram E, the upper plungers g will remain stationary and resist the upward pressure, so that the material in the mold will be pressed between the plungers e and g: IVhen the ram E rises, the plungerblock G is firmly held down with the plungers g in the molds by the resistance-block G, which is capable of withstanding the immense upward pressure exerted by the ram E against the upper plunger-block G.
  • I provide three columns a arranged in triangular form about the cylinder D, as shown in Fig. 7, through which pass large strain-bars A
  • the strain-bars A are arranged at about equal distances from the center of the cylinder D, so that they divide about equally the strain upon the plate A.
  • One of these columns a and strain-bars A pass through the column F
  • the resistance-block G is moved in and out by a link 9 which is pivotally connected at its other end with an elbow-lever G which is secured upon a rock-shaft 9 as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.
  • the other end of the lever G is provided with an anti-friction roller g, which engages with a face-cam G
  • the cam G is mounted upon a shaft G.
  • a spur gear-wheel G which meshes with a spur gear-wheel G secured upon the shaft B, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4.
  • the wheels G and G are of equal diameter, so that they rotate with equal speed. WVhen the crank c is at 2, the cam G will be turned so that the point marked 2 will engage with the roller 9 as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the block G is then shoved out, as shown.
  • the resistance block G is inclined, as shown and hereinbefore described, to raise and lower the plunger-block G, which is the preferable form; but it is evident that the plunger-blook G may be raised and lowered by other means.
  • the chief office of the resistance-block G is to furnish a perfectly solid resistance to the upward pressure of the ram E.
  • the plungers g are not given sufficient downward movement to cause them to act as compressors of the material in the molds; but they simply form resistant plungers against which the plungers 6 press the material to form the bricks or blocks.
  • the mold-blocks F are made to slide vertically in the turn-table F, so that the molds can rise with the lower plungers, if neces sary, and so that the material in the molds will be pressed uniformly, forming perfect bricks or blocks.
  • the block E is raised vertically by the ram E, its roller ebeing raised from the track 6 and its guide-block E sliding vertically in the shell F.
  • the spur-wheel f which is connected with the turn-table F, is rotated by a spur-wheel h, as best shown in Fig. 6.
  • This spur-wheel h in a machine which I have designed has one-half as many cogs asthe spur-wheelf, so that when it rotates twice it will cause the spur-wheel f to rotate once.
  • This wheel 7?. is secured upon a shaft h, which is secured in suitable bearings in the plate A and in a support H as best shown in Fig. 3.
  • One end of the shaft G is also supported in this support H as shown in Fig. 1, its other end being mounted in bearings upon a support H as shown in Fig. 2.
  • a wheel or disk H Upon the upper end of the shaft h is mounted a wheel or disk H, which is provided with six anti-friction rollers H, as best shown in Fig. 1.
  • This wheel or disk H is secured to the shaft h by a clutch, hereinafter described.
  • rollers H are arranged to enter grooves in a cam-wheel I, which is secured upon the shaft G and is provided with a groove 1',
  • the turn-table F is now free to turn and must be turned one-sixth of a rotation to bring a second mold-block into position.
  • the crank is at 23, a roller H will be at 23 in the groove 7 in the camwheel I.
  • the continued rotation of the wheel I will cause the roller H to be moved in the outwardly extending portion of the groove, thereby rotating the wheel H, and before one roller H has passed out of the groove 1' a second roller H will enter the groove 2' at the center i and pass outwardly to the periphery of the wheel I, and a second roller H will enter the groove 1', passing outwardly until it strikes the circular portion, beginning at 1.
  • the wheel H has thus been rotated through an interval of two rollers H or one-third of a rotation.
  • the bricks or blocks formed in the molds in the mold-blocks F are carried around in the molds, after leaving the plungers e and g, one-half of the rotation of the turn-table F in the machine which I have designed. They are there pushed out upon a belt or other carrier K, as hereinafter described.
  • the bricks or blocks are pushed out of the molds by plungers j, which are secured to a push-out block J.
  • the plungers j are made in such form and arranged so that they will enter the molds and push out the blocks readily.
  • the push-out J is guided in a frame J, so that it will move in a vertical line.
  • a connecting-rod j which at its other end is pivotally connected to two armsj
  • the arms j are secured upon a rock-shaft J as shown in Figs. 1 and l, and upon the outer end of the rock-shaft J is secured an arm j
  • a pitman J which at its other end is pivotally connected with a crank J secured upon the shaft G
  • Each rotation of the shaft G will rock the rock-shaft J 2 and arms 9' through the crank J and pitinan J
  • the crank J is set at about sixteen degrees in re ation to the crank c in the shaft B.
  • the carrier K is arranged beneath the pushouts j, so that it will carry away the bricks or blocks pushed out from the molds.
  • the plunger-blocks E descend by means of the incline in the track 6 so that they pass beneath the carrier K.
  • the inner end of the belt which I employ as a carrier runs over a pulley K, as best shown in Fig. 7.
  • This pulley K is supported upon brackets K extending out from the columns a. It is most convenient to deliver the pressed bricks or blocks to the carrier K at the point which I have shown and described; but it is evident that the push-outj and operating devices and the carrier K may be arranged at other convenient points where they can operate while the turn-table is not moving. The arrangement shown I consider preferable for many reasons.
  • the wheel H is loosely mounted upon the shaft h, as best shown in Fig. 18, and the upper face of its hub is provided with a beveled clutch-recess h as best shown in Figs. 21 and 22.
  • a clutch-section h is secured upon the shaft h above the wheel H by a spline or feather, so that it can be moved longitudinally thereon. It is provided with a beveled portion adapted to engage with the recessed portion h of the hub.
  • This section 72 is held in contact with the hub of the wheel H by a spring h, which at its upper end abuts against a set-nut 71
  • the unusual power necessary to turn the table will cause the clutch-section 011 the hub of the wheel H to lift the clutch-section k and thereby permit the wheel H to rotate without rotating the figures except Fig. 3.
  • the tension of the spring It may be adjusted to allow the clutch-section 71. to be lifted at the desired time to prevent breakage. If the clutch-section h islifted, as above described, the turn-table will remain station ary until the wheel H has made a complete rotation, so that the plungers e, g, and j will work in the molds and not strike the turntable F.
  • the shaft h as shown in Fig. 18, is made hollow, and a rod h extends longitudinally through it.
  • the rod h at its upper end is provided with a pin H, which projects through vertical slots in the shaft h and enters an annular recess .h in the clutch-section 72.
  • the lower end of the rod h engages with an arm h on a rod h which is supported in brackets h, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 18.
  • the outer end of the red is provided with a handle it by which it may be rocked.
  • the operator can raise the rod its by rocking the rod h by the handle 71. thereby raising the clutch-section it out of engagement with the wheel H, so that at any time the operator can throw the devices for driving the turn-table out of gear.
  • the resistance-block G being a solid block and the plunger-block G pressing against it, and it in turn pressing against the upper plate, a solid and unyielding support is given to the upper plungers g, which remain at rest at this time. If the resistance offered by the material being pressedpassesbeyonda certain predetermined point-as, for instance, four hundred tons the safety-valve will be lifted, allowing a sufficient amount of the liquid to overflow to prevent breakage, as hereinbefore set forth. It will thus be observed that the plunger 0 descends very slowly and is comparatively stationary while the crank c is passing the dead-center, thereby holding the material being pressed under the greatest pressure for a considerable time.

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Description

14 Sheets-Sheet 1.
(No Model.)
0. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MAGHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28,1891.
Q v w r x M S y a F @K m E @EE w w Q y K 3 m l v .2 MNN O Q k w a R1 g MN. ow O 0 x u w 0 UN. E BOD o DOD 2N \.|l,| U L w 1% w T 1% E E a E o O A B O U & mm
(No' Model.) 14 Sheets-Sheet 2.
0. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
m5 NORRIS versus cm. Pum'ommm, msumr-vcn, n. c.
(No Model.) 14 Sheets-Sheet 3.
. 0. KIMPLEN. 1 HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
liiii -111? I 11511 14 Shets-Sheet 4.
N E L P M I K O HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
(No Model.) I 14 Sheets-Sheet 5. U. KIMPLEN.
Y HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE. No. 451--,126 Patented Apr. 28,1891.
(No Model.) 14 Sheebs-Sheet '6 0. KIMPLBN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patent'edApr; 28, 1891.
(No Model.) 14 SheetsSheet 7.
G. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
14 Sheets-Sheet 8.
(No Model.)
0. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
(N o Model.)
14 Sheets-Sheet 9. .0. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
Patented Ap1128, 1891.
(No Model.)
- 14 Sheets-Sheet 10.
0. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28-, 1891.
Z I y I T1 l G I H v I g l 5 l O I 1 i (No Model.) 14 Sheets-Sheet 11.
G. KIMPLEN.
HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
No. 451,126. Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
""lllllllllllllll lllIlHlI l M "NH (no Model.) 14 Sheets-Sheet 12.
0. KIMPLEN.
HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE. No. 451,126. Pat ntedA pr 28, 1891.
Illllll 14 She et$8heet 13.
(No Model.)
0. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK MACHINE.
www.-
14 Sheets-Sheet 14.
Patented Apr. 28, 1891.
MACHINE.
(No Modl.)
C. KIMPLEN. HYDRAULIC BRICK N0. 451,126.
' and 7.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
CORNELIUS KIMPLEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.
HYDRAULIC BRICK-MACHINE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,126, dated April 28, 1891.
Application filed July 5, 1890- Serial No. 357,900. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, CORNELIUS KIMPLEN, residing in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, State of Illinois, and a citizen of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top or plan view. Fig. 2 is a front elevation, the feed mechanism being removed, on line 2 2 of Figs. 1, 6, and 7. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation. Fig. 4. is a longitudinal vertical section on line 4 4 of Figs. 1, 5, 6, and 7. Fig. 5 is a cross vertical section on line 5 5 of Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 6 6 of Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5,8, 9, and 10. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on line '7 7 of Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, and 10. Fig. 8 is an enlarged vertical section through the feed mechanism on line 8 8 of Figs. 1, 6, Fig. 9 is an enlarged vertical section, most parts being shown in elevation on line 9 9 of Figs. 1, 6, 7, and 8, through the feed mechanism. Fig. 10 is an enlarged vertical section, some parts being in elevation on line 10 10 of Figs. 1, 6, 7, and 8. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail showing the cam for withdrawing the bottom of the feed-box. Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail showing the safety-valve, the valve being in section. Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail, being a vertical section on line 13 13 of Fig. let. Fig. 14 is an enlarged horizontal section on line I l 14 of Fig. 9, some parts being omitted to avoid confusion. Fig. 15 is a detailed view showing the gearing for communicating motion from the main shaft to the driving-shaft of the feed mechanism and the belt-gearing for driving the mixer. Fig. 16 is an enlarged detail, being a section through the resistance-block. Fig. 17 is an enlarged detail, being a horizontal section through a mold-block and a portion of the turn-table. Fig. 18 is a detail, being a vertical section through the safety device and the devices for throwing the turn-table gearing out of gear. Fig. 19 is a side elevation of the cam-wheel which drives the turn-table. Fig. 20 is an enlarged detail, being a section on line 20 20 of Fig. 18. Fig. 21 is an enlarged detail, being an end view of a wheel H; and
Fig. 22 is a detail, being a side elevation of a portion of the safety device. 7
The object of my invention is to construct a new and improved hydraulic machine. The machine may be used for making bricks, paving-blocks, coal-blocks, tile, and other similar pressed manufactures.
The nature of my invention consistsin the improved mechanisms forming my machine, as illustrated in the drawings and as hereinafter specified. Those things which I claim as new and as my invention will be pointed out in the claims.
In a machine which I have designed I have for convenience in timing the parts divided the circle representing a complete rotation of the main shaft into thirty-two equal parts. \Vhile the main shaft in the machine which I have designed is making one complete rotation the operating parts each make a single complete operation.
To enable others to readily understand the timing of the movements of the several parts, I will take the point which the crank in the main shaft will occupy at the completion of one rotation and the commencement of the new rotation as the starting-point. This point is the upper dead-center of the crank, and in the drawings is indicated as 32. Wherever I have hereinafter indicated the position or time of movement of a part by degrees, the degrees refer to the thirty-two degrees, in which I have divided the circle of rotation, starting from the point above mentioned, and indicate the position in relation to the cranks in the main shaft.
hall of the views except Fig. 3 I have shown the parts in the position which they will occupy when the crank in the main shaft has turned two degrees from the dead-center 32, and in all of the views of cams I have marked the different periods of movement by degrees.
and is provided with various features, hereinafter pointed out in connection with the various operating parts. The form and other features may be varied to suit the various requirements of the machine.
The upper plate A is supported from the base-plate A by columns a, as shown in the several figures, and is firmly secured upon these columns a by strain-bars a. The size, number, position, and'arrangement of the columns a may be varied to suit the arrangement of the operative parts and the strength required, the arrangement shown being the best known to me. The form and size of the upper plate A must be such as to support the operative parts, which are secured thereon, and to withstand the pressure, as hereinafter set forth; but these features may be varied according to the requirements of the machine.
The main driving-shaft B is supported in suitable bearings upon the upper plate A, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Upon this shaft B are secured two driving-wheels b, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Each driving-wheel b is driven by a pinion Z2, secured upon a shaft B, as best shown in Fig. 5. Upon the shaft B is secured a gear-wheel B which is driven by a pinion 6 as best shown in Figs. 1, 8, and 6. The pinion b is secured upon a shaft B This shaft is provided with a flywheel Zf and is driven by an engine B. The shafts B and B are mounted in suitable bearings supported from the base-plate A, and the engine 13' is also mounted upon the baseplate A.
The gearing above described for driving the shaft B from the engine B is well adapted and arranged for driving the shaft at the required speed. with the required power; but it is evident that the shaft B may be driven by any suitable power-transmitter separate from the remainder of the machine. I do not limit my invention to the gearing shown for driving the shaft B. When a belt is used a bandwheel may be mounted on the shaft B in place of a crank for the engine B The shaft B is provided with a crank c, to which is connected the upper end of a plunger O. The plunger C works in a cylinder (3, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The cylinder C is provided with trunnions c, which are mounted in suitable bearings secured upon the base-plate A, so that the cylinder 0' can oscillate with the plunger 0. The trunnions c of the cylinder 0 are hollow, as shown in Fig. 5, and the end of one of the trunnions is closed byaplug, while to the opposite trunnion is attached a pipe 0 The pipe 0 is provided with a head 0 and the end of the trunnion is countersunk to receive the head 0 and a packing-ring. The head 0 is secured in the countersink by a screwthreaded follower 0 which firmly holds the pipe 0 in position, while permitting the trunnion to turn.
' Theouter endof the pipe 0 enters avalvechest D, as shown in Fig. 5. This valve-chest ter with great force.
is connected with the large hydraulic cylinder D by a pipe d, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 12. The cylinder D is the large hydraulic cylinder hereinafter referred to.
The valve-chest D is provided with a safety-valve d, as shown in Fig. 12, which is held onto its seat by a weight, as shown; but a spring-valve may be employed, if desired. Above the valve (1 is a chamber (P, which receives the overflow from the pipe C when the valve d is lifted. A pipe D leads from the chamber (Z to a tank D (See Fig. 8.) The valve-chest D is provided with a checkvalve d and a pipe D connects the port d of the check-valve d with the tank D As shown, the pipe D is connected to the pipe D by a T-coupling communicating with the tank D but it is evident that it may be connected directly to the tank D The arrangement shown is the best arrangement for various reasons.
A ram E, as shown in Fig. 4, is located in the cylinder D, which is firmly supported upon the base-plate A. In a machine which I have designed the area of theram E is about six times the area of the plunger 0, so that the ram E will move about one-sixth the length of a stroke of the plunger 0 and at about one-sixth of its speed. The ram E moves about six inches and the plunger C moves about thirty-six inches, the crank cbeing about eighteen inches in length. These proportions may be varied to suit the requirements of different-sized machines and to suit different powers which it maybe neccssaryto employ.
Each rotation of the shaft B forces the plunger 0 down into the cylinderO and withdraws it in position for another stroke. When the plunger 0 descends, the liquid in the cylinder 0 will be forced through the pipe d into the cylinder D, raising the ram E. The motion given to the plunger from the time the crank leaves the dead-center32" until it reaches about 2 is very slight, while from 2 down to about 14:. it is quite rapid, so that the ram E Wlll be lifted first slowly and then With comparative rapidity until near the end of its movement. From about 14 to about 16 (which is the lower dead-center) the downward movement of the plunger is slight and the power of the crank is very great. It is at this point that the heavy pressure is needed on the ram E, and the advantage which the crank gains at this point, together with the momentum of the drivinggearing, will carry the crank by the dead-cen- The advantage of this will appear hereinafter, where the operation ofthe ram is specifically set forth.
The safety-valve d is weighted to withstand a desired pressure. When the ram E meets with an unusual amount of resistance, the cylinders C and D will be relieved of the excessive pressure caused by such resistance by the liquid passing into the chamber 01 through the pipe D to the tank D It will The rising of the plunger C will draw the liquid from the cylinder D into the cylinder C, the weight of the ram E causing the liquid to flow rapidly. Then the ram E has reached its lower limit, enough liquid will be.
drawn through the check-valve d from the pipe D and tank D to fill the cylinder 0. The check-valve d will prevent the passage of any liquid through the port d when the plunger 0 is descending.
A set-bolt D is screwed into the lower end of the ram E, so that it will engage with the bottom of the cylinder D and limit the descent of the ram E. This bolt D may be set so that it will stop the descent of the ram at the point necessary to cause it to be lifted to the proper point in operation, as hereinafter set forth. By properly adjusting the weight on the valve cl the excessive pressure may be relieved while the crank c is passing through a few degrees near its lower deadcenter, thereby holding the ram E up under the predetermined pressure while the crank is passing through these degrees, as hereinafter explained.
The mold-blocks F are mounted in a turntable F, as best shown in Figs. 4 and 6. As shown,l have provided'the turn-table F with six mold-blocks, and I have therefore designed the parts which operate with the turntable to operate correspondingly; but it is eviident that the number of mold-blocks F may be varied and the parts operating therewith varied accordingly.
The turn-table F is supported from a cylindrical column F as best shown in Fig. 4 and hereinafter set forth. This column F i provided with an annular oil-groove at its top adapt-ed to receive an annular guidingring on the under side of an annular supporting-plate F A spur-gear f is secured upon the plate F, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, by which the supporting-plate an d turntable are turned, as hereinafter described.
As shown in Fig at, the turn-table F is secured to a flange f, depending from the plate F. A cap-plate F madein sections,is secured upon the fiangef above theturn-table F and holds the mold-blocks F in the turn-table. Each mold-block F, as shown, contains five molds, as it is designed for pressing five bricks or blocks at one time; but the number of molds in each block may be varied as desired. Each mold-block is provided with ashoulder f which rests upon a ledge in the turn-table F, and each mold-block can be lifted verti- E as shown in Figs. 4 and 7.
cally in the turn-table for purposes hereinafter set forth.
As best shown in Fig. 17, each mold is lined by hard-metal plates f which are double-mitered at their edges, so that they can be reversed when one sideis worn. The corners of the openings in the blocks F, which receive the plates f are left full to the extent of the double miter. This avoids sharp angles in the block F and strengthens the block F at its weakest point. They are held in place, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, by plates f one above and one below, secured to the mold-block F. The use of these securingplates enables the plates f to be secured in place without the use of screws or rivets, which would injure the wearing capacity of the plates f 7 Below the turn-table F is a series of plunger-blocks E. There are as many plungerblocks E as there are mold-blocks F. -Each plunger-block E is provided with plungers 6, arranged to enter the molds in the m old-block F. The under side of each plunger-block E is adapted to be engaged by the ram E when brought into proper position, as shown in Figs. 4 and 7. The inner end of each block is secured to a vertically-sliding guide-block Each guideblock E has its vertical edges formed as guides, as shown in Fig. 17, adapted to enter grooves in a shell F depending from the flange f, as shown in Fig. 4. This shell F rorates with the turn-table F, carrying with it the plunger-blocks E, and the guide-blocks E of the plunger-blocks E can slide vertically in the shell F Each guide-block E is provided with an anti-friction roller or wheel e, which runs upon a track 6 secured to or formed with the column F This track e has an upward incline on the front side of the machine in advance of the mechanical feed mechanism hereinafter set forth and indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, and on the rear side of the machine it has a downward incline, as indicated by dotted lines is Fig. 3. By this arrangement each plunger-block E is raised to a little above the level of the upper end of the ram E, so that the plungers 6 will enter the molds in the corresponding mold-block F a short distance. When the mold-block arrives at the point where the molds are filled, it will be held in that position until after it has passed the ram E, when the plunger-block will descend, as shown, for purposes hereinafter set forth. y.
The upper plungers g are secured to the under side of a plunger-block G. The plunger-block G, as shown in Fig. 16, is provided with guides g, which enter grooves in a resistance-block G, as shown in Figs. 4 and 16. The plunger-block G is provided with vertical grooves adapted to receive guides g, which guide the plunger-block G in its vertical movements. The guides g are secured to the under side of the upper plate A.
The upper and lower surfaces of the block G are inclined, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper inclined surface of the block G is in contact with the incline on the lower side of the upper plate A. The lower inclined surface of the block G engages with an incline upon the plunger-block G, as shown in Fig. 4. The block G is supported by guides 9 as shown in Fig. 16, so that it can slide horizontally. When the block G is in the position shown in Fig. 4, the plunger-block G will be raised clear from the mold-block WVhen the resistance-block G is drawn in, the plungerblock G will be lowered, so that the plungers g will enter the upper ends of the molds in the mold-block F. When the lower plungers e are raised by the ram E, the upper plungers g will remain stationary and resist the upward pressure, so that the material in the mold will be pressed between the plungers e and g: IVhen the ram E rises, the plungerblock G is firmly held down with the plungers g in the molds by the resistance-block G, which is capable of withstanding the immense upward pressure exerted by the ram E against the upper plunger-block G.
In order to prevent the upper plate A from being lifted or sprung by the immense upward pressure, I provide three columns a arranged in triangular form about the cylinder D, as shown in Fig. 7, through which pass large strain-bars A The strain-bars A are arranged at about equal distances from the center of the cylinder D, so that they divide about equally the strain upon the plate A. One of these columns a and strain-bars A pass through the column F The resistance-block G is moved in and out by a link 9 which is pivotally connected at its other end with an elbow-lever G which is secured upon a rock-shaft 9 as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The other end of the lever G is provided with an anti-friction roller g, which engages with a face-cam G The cam G is mounted upon a shaft G. Upon this shaft G is also secured a spur gear-wheel G which meshes with a spur gear-wheel G secured upon the shaft B, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The wheels G and G are of equal diameter, so that they rotate with equal speed. WVhen the crank c is at 2, the cam G will be turned so that the point marked 2 will engage with the roller 9 as shown in Fig. 4. The block G is then shoved out, as shown. WVhen the cam G rotates from 2 to 5, the upper arm of the lever G will be swung downwardly and its lower arm will be swung backwardly, drawing the block G forward and lowering the plunger-block G, so that the plungers Q will enter the molds in the moldblock F. This will bring the resistance-block G and the plungers g into position at the time when the ram E begins to lift the plunger-block E and lower plungers 6. While the crank c is passing from 5 to 19 the pressure upon the resistance-block G from the ram E will be immense, and the block will remain firmly in position. The portion of the cam G which passes the roller g during this time is circular, as shown. After the crank c has passed 19 the pressure is off the plunger 9 and block G, and the plungers are then lifted by the block G, being pushed out by means of the cam G engaging with the roller 9- from 19 to 23. From 23 up to 2 the block G remains stationary in its outer position, as shown in Fig. 4, the cam G from 23 to 2 being circular. It will thus be seen that the resistance-block G is drawn in at the proper time to lower the plungers g to meet and resist the plungers e, which begin to be lifted by the ram E.
The resistance block G is inclined, as shown and hereinbefore described, to raise and lower the plunger-block G, which is the preferable form; but it is evident that the plunger-blook G may be raised and lowered by other means. The chief office of the resistance-block G is to furnish a perfectly solid resistance to the upward pressure of the ram E. In the machine which I have designed the plungers g are not given sufficient downward movement to cause them to act as compressors of the material in the molds; but they simply form resistant plungers against which the plungers 6 press the material to form the bricks or blocks.
The mold-blocks F are made to slide vertically in the turn-table F, so that the molds can rise with the lower plungers, if neces sary, and so that the material in the molds will be pressed uniformly, forming perfect bricks or blocks. The block E is raised vertically by the ram E, its roller ebeing raised from the track 6 and its guide-block E sliding vertically in the shell F When the plungers c and 9 have been withdrawn from the molds, the turn-table F is turned sufficiently to bring another moldblock with filled molds into position over the ram E.
The spur-wheel f, which is connected with the turn-table F, is rotated by a spur-wheel h, as best shown in Fig. 6. This spur-wheel h in a machine which I have designed has one-half as many cogs asthe spur-wheelf, so that when it rotates twice it will cause the spur-wheel f to rotate once. This wheel 7?. is secured upon a shaft h, which is secured in suitable bearings in the plate A and in a support H as best shown in Fig. 3. One end of the shaft G is also supported in this support H as shown in Fig. 1, its other end being mounted in bearings upon a support H as shown in Fig. 2. Upon the upper end of the shaft h is mounted a wheel or disk H, which is provided with six anti-friction rollers H, as best shown in Fig. 1. This wheel or disk H is secured to the shaft h by a clutch, hereinafter described.
The rollers H are arranged to enter grooves in a cam-wheel I, which is secured upon the shaft G and is provided with a groove 1',
adapted to receive one of the rollers H and extending outwardly a short distance from a circular recess 2" at the center, as best shown in Fig. 19. It then extends around the wheel I nearly from 1 to 23 in a circle. It then extends outwardly to the periphery of the wheel. A second groove 2' extends outwardly from the center 1" to the periphery of the wheel. Vhen the crank c has passed to 23, the resistance-block G has been pushed out and withdrawn the plungers g from the molds, as before stated, and the ram E has descended so that the plunger-block E can turn with the molds. The turn-table F is now free to turn and must be turned one-sixth of a rotation to bring a second mold-block into position. hen the crank is at 23, a roller H will be at 23 in the groove 7 in the camwheel I. The continued rotation of the wheel I will cause the roller H to be moved in the outwardly extending portion of the groove, thereby rotating the wheel H, and before one roller H has passed out of the groove 1' a second roller H will enter the groove 2' at the center i and pass outwardly to the periphery of the wheel I, and a second roller H will enter the groove 1', passing outwardly until it strikes the circular portion, beginning at 1. The wheel H has thus been rotated through an interval of two rollers H or one-third of a rotation. This has been done while the crank c is passing from 23 to 1. The rotation of the wheel H has caused the spur h to rotate likewise and has rotated the spur-wheel f and turn-table F one sixth of a rotation, thereby bringing asecond moldblock into position for a second operation. When the roller H enters a circular portion of the groove '6 at 1, the wheel H and turntable F will be prevented from rotating or oscillating either forwardly or backwardly. The roller H will remain in the circular groove t' to 23, so that the turn-table F will be held perfectly stationarywhile the crank c is passing from 1 to 23, during which time the plungers e and g enter the molds in the mold-block F on the turn-table F and press the material forming the bricks or blocks. The bricks or blocks formed in the molds in the mold-blocks F are carried around in the molds, after leaving the plungers e and g, one-half of the rotation of the turn-table F in the machine which I have designed. They are there pushed out upon a belt or other carrier K, as hereinafter described. The bricks or blocks are pushed out of the molds by plungers j, which are secured to a push-out block J. The plungers j are made in such form and arranged so that they will enter the molds and push out the blocks readily.
The push-out J is guided in a frame J, so that it will move in a vertical line. To the push-out block J is pivotally connected a connecting-rod j, which at its other end is pivotally connected to two armsj The arms j are secured upon a rock-shaft J as shown in Figs. 1 and l, and upon the outer end of the rock-shaft J is secured an arm j To the arms j is pivotally connected a pitman J which at its other end is pivotally connected with a crank J secured upon the shaft G Each rotation of the shaft G will rock the rock-shaft J 2 and arms 9' through the crank J and pitinan J The crank J is set at about sixteen degrees in re ation to the crank c in the shaft B. WVhen the crank cis passing from about 16 to about 2, the push-out plungersj are moving upwardlyand back above the surfaces of the mold-blocks F as the crank J 4 is set upon the shaft G so that it is pulling the arm j forwardly and raising the arms 3 While the crank c is passing from about 1 to about 16, which is the period that the turn-table is at rest, the push-out plungers j pass down into the molds in the mold-block F, push out the bricks or blocks onto the carrier K, and return above the surface of the mold-blocks F.
To the columns a and a arranged around the turn-table F, as shown in Fig. 6, are secured brackets in which are mounted anti friction rollers H as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 6. These anti-friction rollers H are arranged to engage with the under side of the turn-table F and prevent its being twisted by the action of the push-out plungers j or the plungers e and g.
p The carrier K is arranged beneath the pushouts j, so that it will carry away the bricks or blocks pushed out from the molds.
The plunger-blocks E descend by means of the incline in the track 6 so that they pass beneath the carrier K. The inner end of the belt which I employ as a carrier runs over a pulley K, as best shown in Fig. 7. This pulley K is supported upon brackets K extending out from the columns a. It is most convenient to deliver the pressed bricks or blocks to the carrier K at the point which I have shown and described; but it is evident that the push-outj and operating devices and the carrier K may be arranged at other convenient points where they can operate while the turn-table is not moving. The arrangement shown I consider preferable for many reasons.
The wheel H is loosely mounted upon the shaft h, as best shown in Fig. 18, and the upper face of its hub is provided with a beveled clutch-recess h as best shown in Figs. 21 and 22. A clutch-section h is secured upon the shaft h above the wheel H by a spline or feather, so that it can be moved longitudinally thereon. It is provided with a beveled portion adapted to engage with the recessed portion h of the hub. This section 72, is held in contact with the hub of the wheel H by a spring h, which at its upper end abuts against a set-nut 71 In case any of the plungers e, g, or j fail for any reason to be freed from the turn-table F, or in case from any othercause the turntable could not be turned, the unusual power necessary to turn the table will cause the clutch-section 011 the hub of the wheel H to lift the clutch-section k and thereby permit the wheel H to rotate without rotating the figures except Fig. 3.
shaft 71'. The tension of the spring It may be adjusted to allow the clutch-section 71. to be lifted at the desired time to prevent breakage. If the clutch-section h islifted, as above described, the turn-table will remain station ary until the wheel H has made a complete rotation, so that the plungers e, g, and j will work in the molds and not strike the turntable F.
The shaft h, as shown in Fig. 18, is made hollow, and a rod h extends longitudinally through it. The rod h at its upper end is provided with a pin H, which projects through vertical slots in the shaft h and enters an annular recess .h in the clutch-section 72. The lower end of the rod h engages with an arm h on a rod h which is supported in brackets h, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 18. The outer end of the red It is provided with a handle it by which it may be rocked.
The operator can raise the rod its by rocking the rod h by the handle 71. thereby raising the clutch-section it out of engagement with the wheel H, so that at any time the operator can throw the devices for driving the turn-table out of gear.
The foregoing description gives in detail the operation of the respective parts for pressing the material in the molds, for turning the turn-table containing the molds, and removing the pressed bricks or blocks from the molds, the molds being filled by mechanism hereinafter described.
In order that the general operation of the machine may be understood, I will now give a general description of a single operation of the parts hereinbefore described. Starting, for convenience, with the crank c at 2, the parts will be in the position shown in all the At this time the plunger C is beginning to descend and the cam G is just beginning to rock the elbow-lever G to draw the resistance-block G and cause the plunger-block G to descend. The roller H has just arrived at the circular portion of the groove '6 in the cam I, so that the turn-table is at rest and the push-out plungers j have just entered the mold. While the crank c is passing from 2 to 5 the plunger 0 is descending slowly, causing the ram E to rise slowly and engage with the plunger-blocks E, and at 5 the resistanceblock 'G has been drawn to its seat by the cam G and intermediate devices, lowering the plungers 9 into the molds in the mold-block F. From 5 0nward to 16 all the parts of the machine hereinbefore mentioned are at rest excepting the plunger 0, ram E, and the push-out devices. The descent of the plunger 0 from 5 onward is comparatively rapid, causing the ram E to rise, lifting the plunger-block E and plungers e, and compressing the material in the molds. \Vhen the crank c arrives at about 14, the downward descent of the plunger 0 is comparatively very slow, and at this time the greatest pressure is exerted upward upon the ram E and plungers e, which are then finally compressing the material. By reason of the fact that the crank c is approaching its lower dead-center 16 it is acting with the greatest advantage to force the plunger 0 downward. At this time the greatest compressing-power is necessary, as at all other times the resistance is small, and at this time the plungers are finally compressing the material. The advantage gained by the crank 0 while approaching its dead-center enables the driving-power to carry the crank by this nip with the greatest advantage and utilizes the momentum at the very time when the greatest force is required. The resistance-block G being a solid block and the plunger-block G pressing against it, and it in turn pressing against the upper plate, a solid and unyielding support is given to the upper plungers g, which remain at rest at this time. If the resistance offered by the material being pressedpassesbeyonda certain predetermined point-as, for instance, four hundred tons the safety-valve will be lifted, allowing a sufficient amount of the liquid to overflow to prevent breakage, as hereinbefore set forth. It will thus be observed that the plunger 0 descends very slowly and is comparatively stationary while the crank c is passing the dead-center, thereby holding the material being pressed under the greatest pressure for a considerable time. As soon as the plunger 0 begins to rise the pressure is relieved from the plungers e and g, and the ram E, with the plu nger-block E, begins to descend, gradually relieving the machine of its immense strain. When the crank 0 begins to lift the plunger more rapidly, the ram E descends quite rapidly, forcing the liquid in the cylinder D back into the cylinder 0. c rotates to 19, the pressure is entirely otf from the resistance-block G, and the block G is moved outwardly by the cam G and intermediate devices, raising the plu ngers g, and when the crank c arrives at 23 the block G is fully out and the plunger-block E free to turn with the table. By this time the plunger-block E has been freed from the ram E by the descent of said ram. At 223 therefore the turn-table is free to move as regards these parts. It will be remembered that the lower plungers rotate with the molds in the turntable. While the operation above described has been taking place the push-out plungers j have pushed out the bricks or blocks from the molds and have returned above the edge of the molds. The turn-table is therefore ready to be moved, and at 23 is turned rapidly one-sixth of a rotation in the machine, which I have designed by means of the camwheel I and intermediate devices hereinbefore described. From 23 to 1 the table is rotating, and at 1 it stops ready for a second operation. While the crank c was passing from 16 to 32 the liquid was being with drawn from the cylinderDinto the cylinder 0 and any overflow was being taken up, as hereinbefore described, so that at 32 the When the crank
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