US445741A - Franklin a - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

F. A. WELLER. 1 ELECTRIC MOTOR SWITCH.

N0. 445,741. Patented Feb. 3,1891.

\A lTNESSES; NVENTUFV 1w: mums PETERS (10., wmo-umm, \vAsmw TTTTTT c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

F {ANKIIIN A. \VELLER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGXOR TO \VILLIAM S. I'IADAIVAY, JR, TRUSTEE'OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC-MOTOR SWITCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,741, dated February 3, 1891.

Application filed February 1, 1890.

To coZZ whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN A. WELLER, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Motor-Switches, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of mechanism embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of a vertical section on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. represents the insulating-cap 4O detached; and Fig. at represents one member of a two-part switohbar A, all of which will be referred to and more specifically described hereinafter.

This invention relates to means for starting and stopping electric motors on constant-potential circuits, and has for its object to provide a means of the character and for the purpose stated, whereby in starting the motor the rush of current is graduated to the increasing speed of the motor, and whereby also the potential current may be quickly broken for the purpose of stopping the motor when desired.

In carryii'ig out my invention as represented in the accompanying drawings I employ a supporting frame-work composed of block 4 and its overhanging arm F. The arm F is provided with an opening to receive spindle B. Said spindle has on its top end a projecting handle G, and the bottom end of said spindle is socketed in a suitable bearing supported by the block 4, to the end that a rotary reciprocatin g movementmay be imparted to the spindle by a person moving the handle Gr. Connected with the spindle B is a switch-bar A. Said bar is composed of two members 5 and 0. Said members are duplicates of each other, and are formed of conducting material, preferably of a conducting spring metal. Said members are attached to the spindle B in such manner that when the spindle is rotated by a movement of thehandle G the two members are thereby made to travel uniformly as one part or bar, and thus combined said members constitute what for convenience in this specification I have designated as switch-bar A. Said members 5 and 6 are carefully insulated Serial No. 338,910. (No model.)

from each other and from the spindle B and its supporting frame-work. To this end the spindle B is surrounded by a ring 7, of noncoi'lducting material, Fig. 2, against which the two members 5 6, composing switch-bar A, 5 5 are brought to bear, as shown in Fig. 2. Said spindle B is further provided with a shoulder 8 and receives a threaded nut9, by means of which the two members 5 and 6 are clamped tightly between the insulatingcollars 10 10, as shown, Fig. 2, the inner end faces of said members being allowed to bear against the ring 7.

On the supporting-base are mounted deadblocks 6 e, on which the outer ends of switchbar A are allowed to rest while the motor is not running. On the base block is also mounted the conducting-plate II, to which is connected one side of the line-wire 12, through an intermediate post K. The other side of theline-wire is connected through wire X and intermediate post K to a metallic commutator-strip D, one end of which is secured to the base-block a and the opposite end of which bears yieldingly against the shank of memher 5 of switch-bar A. Said post K is also connected with the field-magnet coils of the motor by the wire X, and a wire X connects said coils with the metallic commutator-strip D through post K One end of the strip D is supported on the base-block a and the opposite end bears yieldingly electrically against the shank of member6 of switch-barA. Said post K is also connected with one brush of the armature. The opposite motor-brush is connected by a suitable wire Z to post K.

On thebase-block at are metallic blocks I I I I I. Said blocks I I are connected with the rheostat or resistance-coils. The block 1- is further connected electrically with the post 0 K The conductor II is covered by an insulating-cap 40, Fig. 3, which is formed of fiber or other non-conducting material. The cap is held in position by screws M O. The blocks I I are covered by a duplicate insu- 5 lat-ing-cap, as shown. The switch-bar A in moving from left to right travels beneath the said insulating-caps, one end bearing directly on the blocks I I, the opposite end bearing on the conductor II. To this end the insu- Ice V that'the switch-bar travels air-spaceiU, .Fig.

lating-caps have their ends adjacent to the dead-blocks e e slightly elevatedto allow the.

switch-bar A in going from the dead-blocks e e to pass readily under the insulating-caps. The opposite ends of said caps are pressed more closely downv upontheir respective blocks, to the end that when the switchdiarA has emerged from under the caps-a back ward movement of the switch-bar will cause the ends thereof to ride upover the insulating-caps. To facilitate this operation, the caps have their edges 16 16 chamfered, as shown. They are also preferably made sufficiently thin to yield upwardly while the switch-bar passes under and spring downwardly when the switch-bar emerges. As a furthur means of facilltatingthis operation,

the switch-bar A hasits edges20 '20 "also chamfered or rolled slightly upward.- As the switch-bar pass s from left to right its pro gress is stopped by a suitable stud or pin 25, just after the ends of the bar emerge from under theinsulating-caps andbear uponvconductor-blocks I and H. The backward move-v ment of the switch-bar A causes it to lift above the insulating-caps, and a stop 'op-. erates to prevent the switch-bar frombeingf again brought .into contact with thetermi nals H 1 until the bar has been first carried to its proper starting-pointi.-e., the -dead-. blocks e e. c 1

The stop 30 is made of. springcmetal; or otherwise adapted to yield upwardlyto per= mit the lifting of the switch-bar 0nto.the1:in-' sulating-caps, after which the stop settles down to prevent the return of the'switchtbar.v In addition to its own flexibility, aspring- 32, arranged as shown in Fig, 2, operates to press downwardly the switch-barA andcause it to bear downwardly uponthe terminalsor switch-bar.

The operation of this switchis as follows:

The switch-handle is moved from leftlto right. and brought into position with the .ends of I the switch-bar-bearing upon the blocks 1ee,

bar while the motor is not in operation. To

start the motor, said handle is moved :from, right to left, thereby causingthe bar A to ap-.- Said terminals.

proach the terminals II I I. are positioned relatively to the blockse :e, so

1, before its opposite end reaches airspace V,

so that the line-current passes through post K, terminal ILswitch-bar member 6, connector D to post Ki-through the field-mag-= net coils of the motor to K andto the other side of line, therebymaki-ng the'-coils-.mag-.

As the switch- 7 the current passes to armature through resistance-coils connected to terminals I I and post K. As the switch-bar continues its movement over the terminals I I, the resistance is gradually cut out till the switch-bar reaches its extreme forward movement and bears upon the block I, that being its normal position when the motor is in full speed.

To stop the motor, handle G is given a reversed movement, whereby the ends of switchbar A are made to ride upon the top of insulating strips or caps 40 40, the lifting of the-switch-bar being effected by the chamfered edges of the insulating-caps and the upturned edges of the switch-bar. The switch-bar, when once lifted to bear upon the insulating-cap, is prevented by stopSO from I returning to contact with terminals H I" until it is first carried to the dead-blocks cc, and

made to travel under the insulating-caps over the resistance-terminals II, and in this way approach the terminals H I, as before.

Having thus described my invention, I claim-- 1. A switch for controlling motors, havingthe-armaturecoils in a branch or shunt cir- :main line to both field and armature coils, an

cuit comprising a series of resistance-con operatinghandle, and a pair of contacts there-v;-

on moving in unison with but insulated from each other, one controlling the main line to both the-field and armature coils andwthewroo other the shunt through the armature and I76-- sistance coils, said parts being so positioned with relation to each other that the main line described shallbe establishedthrough the field-coils in advance .of the establishment of the circuit; through. the armature-coils, substantially as 2. A switch for controlling motors, having I which one arm is adapted v.to contact, and a contact in themain line to the shunt and field coils, located relatively in advance of the firstresistance-contact, wherebythe circuit is established through the field-.coils-in ad- -vance of the establishmentof the circuit which is the normal position of vthe'switchthrough the sh tint-circuit and armature-coils,

substantially as described. 1

3. A switchv for controlling a main line and a resistance-shunt circuit in said main line,-

of resistance-contacts in the shunt,with which 1 said-armsare adapted. to co-operate during; theirmovementin one direction, and insulat ing-plates overlying both the main line and? resistancecontacts, upon which the armsrare' supported during the return movement, sub-' stantially' as described.

4. A switch forcontrolling a main line and v a resistance-shunt circuit in said main line,

comprising a pivoted operaiing-handle, a pair of switclrarms mounted on said handle and insulated from each other, a pair of contact springs engaging said switch-arms,respec iveiy, one forming one terminal of the main line, a main-line contact with which the arm engaging with said spring is adapted to cooperate to establish the main line, and a series of resistance-contacts forming one terminal of the shuntcircuit, the opposite terminal being formed by the spring engaging the arm adapted to co-operate with said resistanceterminals, substantially as described,

5. In a switch such as described, the combination, with the pivoted operating-handle having an insulatingh nb movable therewith, a pair of independent switch-arms mounted on said hub opposite and out of electrical connection with each other and having the ex tended hubtianges and the terminal springs engaging said hub-flanges, the long main-line contact with which one of the arms co-operate, and the series of contacts with which the opposite arm co-operates, whereby a main line and a resistance-shunt in said line may be controlled, substantially as described.

(3. In a switch such as described, the combination, with the pivoted operating-handle having an insulating-hub movable therewith, flanges at top and bottom of said hub, and a pair of independent switch-arms having hubflanges held between said first-mentioned flanges out of electrical connection with each other, and the terminal springs engaging said hub-flanges on the arms, of the long mainline contact with which one of the arms cooperates and the series of contacts with which the opposite arm co-operates, whereby a main line and a resistance-shunt in said line may be controlled, substantially as described.

7. In an electrical switch,the combination. with the pivoted switch-arm and contactwith which the same is adapted to cooperate, of the spring insulating-plate overlying and between which and the contact the arm passes,

having one of its ends slightly nearer the con tact than the other, whereby the arm in its return movement is caused to travel over the plate, substantially as described.

8. In an electrical switeh,the combination, with the yielding pivoted switch-arm having the rolled up or beveled edge and contact with which the arm is adapted to co-operate, of the insulating-plate overlying and between which and the contact the arm passes, having its rear end beveled and adapted to engage the beveled edge of the arm, whereby the arm is caused to travel over the plate in the return movement, substai'itially as described.

9. In an electrical switch, the combination, with the yielding switch-arm, the contact with which the arm is adapted to co-operate, and the insulating-plate overlying and between which and the contact the arm passes in its forward movement and over which it passes in the return-stroke, of the stop for said arm having the overhanging end for preventing the re-entry of the arm without returning to first position, substantially as described.

Signed at Boston, Massachusetts, this 20th day of January, A. D. 1890.

FRANKLIN A. XVELLER.

\Vitnesses:

W. S. HADAWAY, Jr, C. B. TUTTLE.

Images