US443134A - Printing telegraph - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

I s.1v. B. ESSIOK.

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PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

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(No Model.) 6 Shets-Shet 3.

S. V. B. ESSIGK.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 443,184. Patented Dec. 23,1890.

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S. V. B. ESSIGK. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Dec. 23, 1890..

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- S. V. BESSIOK.

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S. V. B. ESSIGK. PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 443,134. Patented Dec. 23, 1890. K v

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL VAN BUREN ESSICK, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 443,134, dated December 28, 1890.

Application filed November 7, 1888- Serial No. 290,247. (No model.)

To all 1071,0721. it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL VAN BUREN ESSICK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have made a new and useful in vent-ion in Printing-Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is directed to improvements upon inventions disclosed in prior patents granted to me as follows: No. 279,550, dated June 19, 1883; No. 365,059, dated June 21, 1887, and No. 383,450, dated May 29, 1888, but more particularly to improvements upon a later invention disclosed in a pending application filed by me on the 5th day of July, 1890, and bearing Serial No. 357,818.

The objects of the present invention are, first, to adapt apparatus of the generic type disclosed in the aforesaid application to closed circuits; second, to provide means for releasing the paper-carriage at any point of its forward progress; third, to provide an improved form of a mechanical pole-changer for automatically reversing the main-line currents; fourth, to provide the several details of construction and the general arrangement of parts, circuits, and connections, as hereinafter described, but particularly pointed out in the claims which follow this specification.

In the invention disclosed in my application, Serial No. 357,818, above referred to, themechanically-operated pole-changers are caused through the operation of two banks of keys to manipulate circuit-changinglevers and thereby vary the current tension on the line, and to interrupt the main-line current, respectively.

The general arrangement of the circuits and transmitting apparatus of the present application differs from that disclosed in said application in that the two sets of key-levers are made to mechanically control the poleohanger by holding it from rotation after the depression of each key until it is allowed to proceedon the depression of a succeeding key or on the release of all or any of the keys.

In order that my invention may be clearly I understood, reference is had to the accompan'jying drawings, in which like figures and letters of reference represent like parts wherever used.

ratus embracing the transmitter and receiver attached to a common base. Fig. 2 is a side elevation and partly-sectional view of Fig. 1 as seen looking from right to left. 1 Fig. 3 is a side elevational view, also partly in section, of the entire apparatusj as seen looking at Fig. 1 from left to right. Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the printing mechanism. Figs. 5 and 6 are elevational and plan views thereof. Fig. 7 is a detail end elevational view of the key-levers in connection with the circuit-manipulating switch operated thereby. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical circuits with the switches shown in position for transmitting, the line-circuit also being shown with the receiver at the distant station.

Referrinc now to the drawings in detail, A represents the base or support of the entire apparatus.

B' B are the sides of the frame of the entire apparatus, B and B being joined together by metallic cross-bars G O O 0 C while the side bar B is secured to B by the arms 9.

Gr G G G and H H H H is a train of gearing impelled by a spring or weight driven drum, the gear-wheel G meshing with the pinion H carried by a rotary shaft 17, journaled to the frame of the machine and provided with a series of spirally-arranged pins P.

L L L and L L L are key-levers arranged in two set or rows, one set corresponding to the keys K and the other to the keys Y said banks of keys being disposed as shown in Fig. 1. The key-levers L are provided with angle-pins adapted to bear against the keylevers L on their downward stroke and carry said key-levers with them.

g is a pivoted switch-bar secured to the sides of the frame B B and carrying a switchblock 88, secured thereto by an insulated neck 87. (See Fig. 7.)

On the left-hand end of the shaft 17 is an escapement-wheel 21, having half as many teeth as there are characters upon the'typewheel T, where the type are arranged in two rows. This escapement-wheel, and hence its shaft 17, is held from rotation bya two-armed escapement-pallet 49 on the upper end of a.

pivoted armature-lever a, situated between the poles of main-line polar-magnets o 0 Figure 1 is a plan view of the entire appa provided with adjustable screws 50 51 for regulating the accurate adjustment of the magnets and their intermediate armature, said magnets and adjustmentscrews being secured to the side B of the frame.

Just in the rear of the escapementwheel 21 is a ratchet-wheel 22, provided with twice as many teeth as are found upon the escape- Inent-wheel 21, or one escapement-tooth for each letter on the type-wheel T. The ratchet-teeth of the ratchet-wheel 22 are adapted to vibrate a circuit-lever L, pivotally secured to the side of the frame B by a bracket 72. An additional ratchet-wheel 000, having the same number of teeth as the ratchet-wheel 22, is carried by the shaft 17, and a detent or pawl 610, carried by the armature-lever of an electro-magnet 202, which lever is held in its upward position by a spring 630, is adapted to arrest the rotation of the shaft 17, as will be described later on.

At the distant end of the shaft 17 is still another ratchet or escapement wheel 23, (see Fig. 2,) having the same number of teeth as the escapement-wheel 21, and adapted, when the shaft 17 is rotated, to impart a vibratory motion to a vibratory pole-changer D, pivotally secured to the frame by a bracket 1 its lower extremity l havin pallet-arms e, which partake their vibratory motion from the escapement-whecl 23, the upper portion of the pole-changer D consisting of two sets of elastic or yielding arms 6 e, having electric contacts for reversing the circuit through the contacts 0 e (Z d, (see Figs. 2 and 8,) so that as the shaft 17 rotates the direction of the current from thelinc is continuously reversed by the pole-changer D.

Referring again to the key-levers beneath the key-board K and to Figs. 2 and 3, p is a pivoted locking-bar having a locking-notch extending beneath the shouldered ends of all of the key-levers L of the first bank of keys K and adapted to lock any one of said keylevers in its lowermost position when it is depressed and to bring its free end into the pat-h of that one of the pins 1 on the shaft 17 which corresponds to it, so as to cheek said shaft from further rotation until released by the depression of a second key. This locking-bar p is held in its forward or locked position by a spiral spring 1), and each of the key-levers L L is provided with a leaf-spring 11 which tends to restore it to normal position after any one of the keys K 1' acting through its stem 1', has depressed said key-lever.

p" is a releasing-key secured to the lockingbar p and adapted when depressed to release the key-lever last held down, and thereby allow the apparatus to run continuously so long as said lever 11" is held.

This constitutes the entire transmitting apparatus, except such portions as necessarily embrace the electrical features of the instrument, which will be described in connection with the diagram illustrated in Fig. 8 in giving a general description of the mode of operation.

Many features of this transmitter are essentially similar to those of the transmitter described in my application above referred to, notably the power-impelled shaft 17 with its spirally-arran ged pins, and the polar mainline magnetso 0, with their escapement, and the local-circuit connections between the vibrating circuit breaker or lever L and the printing and shifting magnets of the reeeiving apparatus.

The essential difference between the transmitting apparatus herein described and that disclosed in my application Serial No. 357,818 lies in the fact that in the present apparatus 1 design and adapt the entire system to a closedcircuit main line and to this end I have arranged the key-levers, as already described,

so that the depression of any one key-lever will cause the shaft 17 to stop rotating when the pin P corresponding to that key-lever strikes the depressed lever,and have adapted main-line relays 262 for stopping the rotation of the shafts 17 at both stations on the depression of any one of the second bank of keys, so that the type-wheel shaft may be shifted and printing effected from the second row of characters,after which the type-wheel shaft is restored, all as will be fully described in connection with the description of the mode of operation.

I will now describe very briefly the printing apparatus, which is not materially differerent from that disclosed in my application Serial No. 357,818, in its essential features, except as to the mechanism for releasing the paper-carriage at any portion of its journey, instead of accomplishing that function when at the extreme end thereof.

In the present invention, as in that described in my application above referred to, there is a single printing-magnet M, with a second type-wheel-shifting magnet M both under the control of a local battery BA, and a vibrating circuit-closer L, operated by the rotation of the shaft 17.

is a paper-carriage adapted to be carried back and forth on rollers JJ in the grooved cross-bars C is a spring returning-drum secured to the frame by a bracket 72 is a cord forcarrying the carriage in one direction.

1) and p are the propelling pawl and lever attached to the arm v of the armature-lever and act in the rack-teeth n of the propellingrack 102 for advancing it step by step as the magnet M is energized and de-energized.

o 0 is a retaining-lever and pawl, the free end of which lever lies in the path of the lower end of the pawl 11.

The arm 10 1 of the armature-lever a has attached to its free end a link 109, the other end of which is secured to the platenlever 10S, pivoted to the frame on a vertical shaft 107 and provided with a spiral retractile spring 20 the printing-pad 110 being secured to the free end of the platen-lever 108.

On the link 109 is a shoulder r adapted to impart a rotary motion to the rock-shaft 36 through the agency of a lever r acting against the stress of spring 3 which unites the arm 38 of the rock-shaft 36 with the cross-bar 0 through the agency of a fixed standard 5 37is a locking-lever, and 34 a unison-lever, secured by a common bearing to the rockshaft 36, the locking-arm 37 resting normally on the free end of the armature-lever 111, which in turn bears lightly against the typewheel shaft 30, adapted to be slid to the right (see Fig. 4) against the pressure of the spiral spring 5, which bears at one end against the frame B and the other" against a cap V.

35 is the unison -worm into which the unisonarm 34 gears when the locking-arm 37 falls behind the armature-leverlll in its for ward or locking position.

96 and 97 are the paper-feeding rolls journaled in the paper-carriage 95, the former having a ratchet-wheel 98, the teeth of which are adapted to receive the pawl 99, pivotally secured to a pivoted feeding-lever 100, whereby the paper is fed forward a line at a time each time the lever 100 is brought into frictional contact with the adjustable angular arm 101, secured to the cross-bar C. V

i The carriage-propellin g pawl-lever p is pivotally secured to the free end of the arm 12', carried by the armature-lever a, and is provided with a spring 5'', fixedly secured to the free end of the lever o, and tends normally to hold the lever 19, and hence its pawl 19', in working contact with the rack-teeth n of the rack 102.

a is a locking latch pivoted to the arm 1:, its free end havinga beveled shoulder adapted to lock against a similar beveled shoulder 011 the short arm .2 of the pivoted propelling-lever 19. This locking-latch a is brought into action by a fixed lug on the upper side of the free end of the rack 102, which strikes it when the carriage reaches its extreme limit, thereby forcing the beveled shoulder of the locking-latch against the corresponding beveled shoulder of the propelling-lever p, releasing its pawl from the rack-teeth n, and at the same time releasing the locking-pawl p and allowing the carriage to run back to normal position.

, t'is a lug on the rack 102, adapted to release the latch a when the paper-carriage returns'to its normal position, the direct action of the spring-drum 105 and its cord 71 being such as to cause the lug '27 to give a sufficient blow to the latch a to detach it, thereby allowing the spring a to restore the pawl-lever 19 into operative relation with the rack-teeth n.

Theprinting mechanism thus far described is almost identically the same as that disclosed in my application Serial No. 357,818, and is only described here in order that I may more accurately describe the apparatus which I use for causing the paper-carriage to return to its normal position under the stress of the spring-drum 105 and cord 71 at any portion of its journey, instead of at the end thereof, as is the case in theapparatus disclosed and claimed in the prior application above referred to.

The mechanism which I utilize for accom-, plishing the release of the paper-carriage at any portion of its journey consists of a pivoted lever Z, (see Figs 2, at, and 5,) secured to the side of the frame B and having projecting teeth 011 one of its free ends adapted to come into mechanical connection with a pin g on one of the gear-wheels Gr each time that said gear-wheel makes a complete revolution, which occurs about once in two revolutions of the type-wheel, the pinion H and gear-wheel H connected, respectively, to the shaft 17 and type-wheel shaft, having both the same number of teeth. On the other end of this lever Z is a long pin Z, adapted to lie in the path of the locking-latch a after the gear-wheel G3 has made two complete revolutions. The lever Z is provided with a leafspring, which normally tends to lift the end which carries the pin Z into its upward position.

Z is a pivoted locking-lever secured to the frame B, and having a spring Z at its lower end which normally tends to press its upper end in the direction of the arm '0, carried by the armature-lever a, and it has secured to its inner side a projecting lug Z which comes in contact with the arm 1) each time the armature-lever a is drawn forward. During the first revolution of the gear-wheel Gimpposing it to be rotating in the reverse direction of the hands of a watch, as seen looking at Fig. 2, the lever Z is tilted forward, so that its free end rides behind the first one of two notches in the lockinglever Z. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) On the next revolution of the gear-wheel G the pin g rides against the second tooth or notch on the free end of the lever Z and carries it forward an additional step, thus allowing the second notch, which is on the inner face of the pivoted lever Z to engage that end of the lever Z, at the same time placing the long pin Z, borne by the arm 7, directly in the path of the free end of the locking-latch a so that the first time the armature-lever ct is drawn forward by the printing-magnet M the pin Z will force the latch a to the left, (see Fig. 5,) bringing the beveled shoulder thereof into locking position against the beveled shoulder of the short arm .2 of the pivoted lever 12, at the same time releasing the pawl 11 and the locking-pawl 0' and holding them in their released position until the carriage runs back to its normal or starting position. Atthe same time the arm '0 is drawn forward the lug Z carried by the lever Z is caused to force the lever Z to its rear position, thereby unlocking the pivoted lever Z and allowing it to return to its original or first position under the stress of the leafspring, (see Fig. 2,) carrying the pin Z out of the path of the latch a \Vhen the carriage runs back, the lug i on the rack 102 strikes the latch o a blow and restores it to the position shown in Fig. 5, so that the propelling and holding pawls are in operative relation with the rack underthe stress of their springs and 1''.

Referring now to Fig. 8 of the drawings, which illustrates diagrammatically all of the electrical connections in the transmitting and receiving apparatus at both stations, connected by a main line earthed at each station,it will be seen that the main-line battery is divided into two parts .2", and that a polar relay X is connected to the switch S 011 one side and to the earth at F on the other, so that as its armature vibrates it will alternately place the respective portions 2 ,2 of said battery in connection with the polar magnets 0' 0 when the switch S is placed upon its contact and the multiple switch M is placed in the reverse position to that shown in the drawings. The apparatus at each station is the duplicate of that shown in the diagram, and the only difference in the electrical connections at the two stations when one operator is transmitting and the other receiving is to be found in the location of the switches M and S, they being shown in the diagram in the position for transmitting. Under this condition of affairs the main-line battery 60 and the supplemental battery .2 constitute the entire transmitting-battery for sending the current-impulses through the main-line magnet o 0 the switch S, and polar relay N, the battery 60 at the distant station being converted into a local battery for the time being, controlled by the armature of the polar relay N at that station, the polar relay N at the home or transmitting station being normally out of circuit, as shown at switch S.

\Vith this understanding of the operative relation of the circuits I will now proceed to describe the mode of operation of the entire apparatus. Starting from the earth E, the first impulse is sent from the line as follows: Suppose that the main-line battery 60 is normally in circuit with its copper or positive pole to line, and the pallets 49 at the home or transmitting station are in the position shown in Figs. 3 and 8, locking the shafts 17 from rotation at both stations until the next impulse of reversed polarity is sent over the line, the shaft 17 at the transmitting-station rotating continuously, and hence causing the pole-changer D operated by the ratchet-w heel 23, to successively reverse the currents upon the line until stopped by the depression of some one of the keys, as will be described. Starting from the earth E, the circuit is therefore as follows, as indicated by the tailless arrows: through the pole -changer D, between the points e and d, to contact-spring 760 on the upper side of the circuit-changing block 88, thence to switch-lever S of mainline switch M, the negative pole of the battery 60, to switch-lever S of switch M, thence to contact-spring 6l0, thence to contact (1 (see Fig. 7,) thence through the pole-changer by contacts 6 and d, thence to switch-lever S of switch M, thence to main-line magnet 262, thence to switch-lever S" through the polar magnets o 0 thence to switch-lever S of switch M, and finally to line to the distant station, where it enters the receiver by way of the switch-lever S (supposing for the time being that the switch M is reversed,) thence through the distant main-line magnet 262, through the switch S, (that switch having been turned on its contact, as before indidicated, at. the distant station,) through the polar relay N to earth at E and back to the starting-point through the home earth at E. This impulse thus sent over the line reverses the position of the pallet-lever 49 at the home station and causes the polar armature of the polar relay N at the distant station to assume a position on the contact 86, thereby closing the circuit of that portion of the battery 60 through the polar magnets o 0 and switchlevers S S S and earths E and E thus imparting to the pallet 49 at the distant station a motion in the reverse direction, allowing the shaft 17 at that station to make one advance step forward. The forward advancement of the shaft 17 at the transmitting-station causes the pole-changer l) to immediately reverse its position and to bring the contacts e c 0 together, first breaking the circuit between the contacts 6 and (Z (Z. The circuit from the earth E through the mainline battery 60 at the transmitting-station is now in the reversed direction of the tailless arrows after it reaches the pole-changer D, as follows: between the points 6 and c, to the outer portion of the contact (1 (see Fig. 7,) to spring 640, to switch -lever S positive pole of the main-line battery 60, to switch-lever S", to spring-contact 760, back to the pole-changer on the rear side of contact (1, through the polechanger, between the contacts 0 e, to switch-lever S of switch M, to main-line magnet 262, switch-lever S of switch M, main -line polar magnets 0' 0 switch-lever S of switch M to the main line, where it enters the receiver, as before, through the switch-lever S (said switch being on its left-hand contact at that station, as before described,) and passes through the main-line electro-magnet 262 to the switch S, (said switch S, as before, being on its contact,) and through the polar relay N to earth at E This reverses the position of the armature of the relay N at the receiving-station, and hence places said armature in contact with contact 87, thereby closing the circuit of the portion .2" of the battery 60 at the distant station through the polar magnets 0 o and switches S S S and earths E and E in a reversed direction to the current which was formerly sent by that portion of the battery 60. This reversal of the current of the portion .eof the battery 60 immediately reverses the position of the pallet 49 of'the receiving-instrunient and allows it to advance another step. Hence in obedience to the successive current reversals of the transmitting-battery (50, through the agency of the mechanically-impelled polechanger D, the home polar magnet o o is caused to continuously Vibrate the home pallet 49 and allow the shaft 17 to run continu- 'ously, while the pallet 49 of the distant polar magnet o o is caused to continuously vibrate through the agency of the locally-reversed currents due to the portions 2 .2 of the temporary local battery 60. As the two shafts 17 are thus caused to rotate continuously, the circuit-breaking levers L at both stations are kept in continuous vibration by the ratchetteeth on the ratchet-wheels 22, thereby preventing the closure of the circuits of the 10- cal batteries BA at both stations until both of said shafts are checked. These alternately-reversed currents are not sufficiently strong to effect the arinatures of the mainline magnets 262, and these armatures at both stations will only respond when an increased battery-current from the supplemental battery .2 is placed upon the line, as will be described later on. Suppose now that both of the shafts 17 are rotating continuously and that the type-wheels T are running in unison.

I will first presume that it is desired to lies in the path of that particular pin P which corresponds to it on the shaft 1.7. lvhen the pin P is checked in its rotation by'the end of the lever L, the shaft 17 ceases to rotate, and immediately the tooth or lug on the under side of the circuit-lever L drops into one of the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 22 under the against the paper, and forces it into contact with the letter to be printed. The same forward motion of the armature-lever aretracts the carriage-propellin g pawl a distance of one of the rack-tceth n, and the holding-pawl 0 retains the rack during the time that the pawl p is being withdrawn. If the type.- wheels are in unison, the moment that the shaft 17 at the transmitting station has stopped vibrating the armature of the polar relay N at the receiving-station is also checked in its vibrations and rests on that one of the contacts 86 or 87 which will give to the pallet 49 of the magnet o 0 the proper impulse, and thus leave said pallet in that position until the transmitter is again started. The shaft 17 at the receiving-station being thus checked by the pallet-lever 4L9, printing is effectedby the local battery BA and printing-magnet M, as was described in connection with the duplicate apparatus at the transmitting-station. Suppose now that it is desired to print from the second row of letters on the type-wheel T. The desired key K of the second bank of keys is depressed, and the act of depressing this key causes the locking-bar p to release the lever last depressed and to lock that particular one of the lovers L which lies in the path of the angular arm on the lever L just depressed. The lever L also during this downward motion causes the tilting frame g to be carried forward, and thus causes the increased current to be sent upon the line as follows: Starting from earth E, as before, the current passes in a reverse direction to the tailed arrows, to the pole-changer D,through the contact-spring 840, additional batteries .2 copper pole of battery 60, through switcharm S to spring 760, thence to spring 860, to the pole-changer. through the contacts (Z c to switch-arm S to relay 262, to the switch-arm S to the polar electro-magnet 0 0 to the switch-arm S to line, and to the receiving-station through the receiving-relay N in the same manner as before described. This increased strength of current sent over the line for an instant of time, during which the key-lever L and hence the tilting frame is held down, causes the armature-levers 630 of the main-line electro-magnets 262 at both stations to be drawn forward on their front contact-stops and to temporarily check the rotation of the shafts 17 at both stations. (See Figs. 3 and 8.) At the same time it inomentarily closes the circuits of the local batteries BA at both stations through the typewheel-shifting magnets M and causes the type-wheel shafts to be shifted under the infiuence of the armature-levers 111 asufficient distance to place the second row of type on each wheel in alignment with its printingpad, and at the same time the locking-levers 37 at both instruments are automatically caused to lock the levers 111 in their forward position under the stress of the spring 5 acting on lever 38. As soon then as the key-1ever K is released the armature-levers 630 at both stations assume their normal positions, and the shafts l7 rotate until the pin P which corresponds to the lever depressed at the transmittingstation checks the transmitting shaft, when the circuitlevers L at both stations cease vibrating and close the printingmagnet circuits from the local battery BA through the printinganagnets M, thereby causing the printing-platens at both stations to impress the letter upon the paper. The same act causes the links 109, attached to arms 104:, to release the locking levers 37 through the agency of levers r and rock- IIO shafts 3ti,and as a result thetype-wheel shafts l tion of its journey, as I believe I am broadly of both instruments slide back to their original positions for printing from the first row of type. Printing is thus effected from either row of type at will, and when it is desired to bring the instruments both to unison the operator places his finger on the blank white key shown at the bottom of the key-board K in Fig. 1, said key being connected to the tilting frame g" only. This causes the typewheel shafts of both instruments to be locked in their forward positions and brings the unison-levers Si in operative relation with the worm-gears 35. He then releases the blank key and touches the key p, which is connected with the locking-bar p and thereby releases any of the key-levers which may have been before depressed, thus allowing the instruments to run continuously until brought to unison, after which he depresses the dot or period key F, when both of the instruments will imprint a period upon the paper at both stations. The apparatus is now ready to proceed,and printing can be effected fromeithcr bank of keys, as fully described.

I make no claim in the presentapplication to the printing apparatus illustrated in Figs. i, 5, and 6, except in so far as to claim said apparatus in combination with the devices herein described for releasing the paper-carriage at any portion of its journey; nor do I claim in this application any of the features connected with the transmitter, wherein the rotary shaft 17 is operatively connected with the detaining-pallet l9 and two banks of keylevers, all of such features being claimed in conncctionwithmypendingapplication,Serial No. 357,818, above referred to; nor do I claim in the present application a transmitter having a series of keylevers, a power-driven shaft, and a locking-bar adapted to look any one of said key-levers in its depressed position and to hold it until it is released, in combination with an escapement for controlling the rotation of the shaft, a series of stop-pins carried by the shaft and lying in the path of the keylevers when depressed; neither do I claim herein a revolving shaft having stop-pins corresponding in number with the characters 011 the type-wheel of the receiver, a pole-changer operatively connected with the shaft, key-levers, one for each pin, adapted to engage said pin when depressed, check the shaft in its rotation, and hold it until again released by the raising of said key, and an cscapen'ient which regulates the forward motion of the shaft, as this subject-matter constitutes the major portion of a divisional application filed by me in the United States Patent Office on the 18th day of September, 1890, and bearing Serial No. 365,320.

I do not limit myself to the specific mechanism herein described and shown for effecting the printing from two rows of type upon a single type-wheel, nor to the mechanism for liberating the paper-carriage at any porentitled to generic claims directed to mechanism for performing these functions.

llaving thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Lette s Patent of the United States, is

1. In a printing telegraphicreceiver, atypewheel driven by a train of gearing, a papercarriagc having advancing and restoring mechanism, and a releasing device mechanically connected to one of the gear-wheels for automatically releasing the paper-carriage at i any point of its excursion, substantially as described.

2. In a transmitter for printing or analogous telegraphic systems, a series of key-levers, a locking-bar adapted to look any one of said key-levers in a depressed position, a powerdriven shaft controlled by an escapement, a series of stop-pins carried by the shaft, one for each lever, a pole-changer operatively connected to the shaft", an electrical generator, and circuit-connections, as described, whereby the shaft will rotate and cause the polechanger to send reverse currents over the line so long as noneof the keys are depressed and will be held from rotation after any key is depressed until it is again released, substantially as described.

23. In a transmitter for use in a printing telegraphic or analogous system, a power-impelled shaft operatively connected to a pole-changer and a main-line battery, an electro-magnet located in the main line but irresponsive to the aforesaid battery, and a second battery with connections for adding it to the first-named battery, in combination with a detent carried by the armature of said magnet and a ratchet carried by the shaft which controls the operation of the pole-changer, whereby said polechanger is checked in its operation on the transmission of all of the battery-current, substantially as described.

4:- In a system of printing or analogous telegraphy, a transmitter having two banks of keys, a power-impelled shaft operatively connected to a pole-changer, a main-line battery, a series of stop-pins carried by the rotary shaft and lying in the path of the keys when depressed, mechanism for holding anykey in its depressed position until released by the operator, and circuit-connections whereby on the depression of any key of one set the current impulses cease over the line and when any key of the other set is depressed the current tension is increased, substantially as described.

5. A polc-changer, polarized magnets, an escapement, means for actuating said polechanger and escapement, necessary conduct-- ors and connections for connecting the transmitting and receiving stations, a relay at the receiving-station provided with an armature having the necessary contact-points for bring ing into play a local battery, and a conductor having electrical connections with said armature at one end and having connection through the ground with the center of an electrical generator, substantially as described.

6. A pole-changer and actuating-lever therefor provided with pallets, combined with a rotating shaft provided with teeth co-operat ing with said pallets for vibrating said polechanger lever, and a polarized magnet included in the circuit of said pole-changer and an escapment operated thereby governing the rotation of said shaft and consequent operation of said pole-changer, substantially as described.

7. Apole-changerandactuating-levertherefor provided With pallets, combined with a rotating shaft having teeth that cooperate with said pallets for vibrating the said polechanger lever, and a polarized magnet included in the circuit of said pole-changer and an escapement operated thereby governing the rotation of said shaft and consequent operation of the said pole-changer, and keys for positively arresting said shaft at different angular positions, substantially as described.

8. A pole-changer operated. by a pivoted lever having a pair of pallet or ratchet prongs operatively connected with a rotating shaft and a ratchet-wheel, in combination with a pair of polarized magnets located in the linecircuit, an armature, an escapement-wheel and a pallet operatively connected therewith,

an electrical generator and conductors at the transmitting-station, and a pair of polarized magnets, an armature, a pallet, and an escapement-Wheel at a receiving-station, substantially as described.

' 9. Ina printing telegraphic system, a transmitter and a receiver With a main-line battery at each end of the line, a pole-changer operatively connected with the transmitter, a polar relay operatively connected with the receiver, and switch-connections at each sta SAMUEL VAN BUREN \Vitnesses:

F. W; RUBIEN, C. E. MCDONALD.

JSSICK.

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