US44307A - Improvement in stoves - Google Patents

Description

J. R. HAWKINS.

Stove.

No. 44,307. Patented Sept. 20, 48 64.

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To all whom it may concern.-

' Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga andState proved Ooal-Burnin g Stove; and I do declare ence marked thereon.

of the stove that it shall be a self-feeder, easily kindled, should the fire from any cause :elinker and slate that may form or get into *to the bottom of the stove or carried to the chimney by a direct draft, and one which can Fig. 4 representsavertical section of the grate, and Fig. 5 a'top View of the grate and bed- --rnay seem desirable, the one shown in Fig. 1 being elliptical.

same, whatever may be theform of the outside plates, (marked a and b, Fig. 3,) placed far T, Fig. 3,) so that the flue A can be cleaned Fig. 3) I cast with two openings in it, one lead- -the flue marked A,'an'd the other leading from I-make these openings, which are marked G UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFI E.

JOHN R HAWKINS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 44.307, dated September 20, 1864.

Be it known that I, JOHN R. HAWKINS, of

of New York, have invented a new and 'Imthat the following is full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of refer- The nature of my invention consists in so constructing and arranging the various parts go out, without dumping the grate, with a grate which will grind up and remove all said stove, in which all the heat can be thrown be used as a parlor cook-stove.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to de- In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a front plate combined.

The exterior casing of my stove I construct in any of the known forms, and ornament it as The interior of my stove I construct as shown in Fig. 3, and I now proceed to describe its internal construction, which is substantially the casing.

- I construct the base of my stove of two enough apart to give sufficient room for the flue marked A, Fig. 3, between them, with a portion of the flange of theupper plate, b, made so that it can be removed at pleasure, (marked out. This upper plate of the base (marked b,

ing from the chamber marked 0, Fig. 3, into the flue A into thechamber marked D, Fig. 3.

and d, Fig. 3, of a size s'uflicient to conduct all the heat, flame, and smoke from the chamber 0 through the flue A into the chamber D, Fig. 3,.in the direction shown by the arrows.

Upon the central portion of the upper plate of the base (marked 1)) I place the ash-pit, (marked B, Fig. 3,) reaching from the front to the back part of the stove and closed in front by a door, (shown by a, Fig. 1.) From this ashpit B, Fig. 3, I make several openings into the chamber D,one of which is marked 0, Fig. 3. Theseopenings are closed up, when neccssary, by means of a slide-register. (Not shown in the drawings.)

Upon the top of the ash-pit I place the bedplate f, Fig. 3, (more clearly shownin Fig 2',) with an opening in the center of it large enough for the grate to work easily therein, as shown by Y, Fig. 2. Upon the under surface of this bed-plate f, Fig. 3, I cast two lugs, so that they will come one upon each side of the grate-opening and within the ash-pit B, Fig. 3, and these lugs are marked 9 9, Fig. 3. These lugs support the horizontal bar h, Fig. 3, upon which the grate revolves.

I construct the grate pyramidal in form, with a standard reaching from the apex down upon the horizontal bark, and passing through the bar, with a shoulder resting upon the upper side of the bar, as shown by i, Fig. 3.

' Upon the top of the horizontal bar h, Fig. 3, I cast a steady or support ring, in circumference a little less than the circumference of the grate upon which the outer edge of the grate slides when it is shaken. A section of this ring is marked 0 0, Fig. 3.

In making the grate I have four arms placed at right angles with each other and reaching from the apex of the pyramid to the outer edge of the grate, which form the edges or hips of the pyramid, (marked at m, Fig. 5.) I connect the outer ends of these arms with four bars cast with them, which form the outside of the base proper of the pyramid with parallel bars connecting the arms at m, Fig. 5,'from the'base to the apex sufficient in number to make the grate of the proper fineness, (shown by n n n, Fig. 5.) To the lower bar at the base of the pyramid I cast teeth of varying length,

so as to make the whole grate, when complete, circular. These teeth are marked p111), Fig. 5.

Upon the inner edge of the opening in the bed-plate Q, Fig. 5, which is there represented circular instead of elliptical, as in Fig. 2, I cast teeth, which are marked q q q, Fig. 5, one half of them of about the same thickness up and down as the bed-plate itself, and the other half (being every other one) of about twice that thickness. Between the teeth cast upon the outer bars of the grate and the teeth cast upon the edge of the opening in the bed-plate the clinkers and slate which may be in the fire-pot are ground to pieces that will fall through the openings between them. Upon the top of this bed-plate, Fig. 3, ff, and a little outside of the opening therein in which the grate turns, rests the lower edge of the fire-pot, (marked 1" r, Fig. 3,) which I cast circular at the bottom and elliptical at the top, the size of the bottom being a little larger than the size of the opening in the bed-plate f f, Fig. 2, and the longer diameter of the top being two or three inches less than that of the outer shell of the stove, and the shorter diameter also two or three inches less than that of the same shell when it is elliptical, as in the drawings, and rather more than two or three inches less when the shell is cylindrical. I make this fire-pot of any depth suitable for the proper burning of coal, and surround it with an iron jacket, (marked s s, Fig. 3,) so that air may be admitted to the exterior of the fire-pot for greater durability. I fasten the upper edge of this jacket to a flange cast upon the top of the fire-pot, while its lower edge rests upon the outer edge of the bed-plate f f, Fig. 3.

Around the upper or elliptical edge of the fire-pot r r, Fig. 3, I cast a flange to give strength to the same, (marked a a, Fig. 3,) and upon this flange I rest the coal-reservoir w to, Fig. 3, which I make conical, with its lower diameter a little less than one-half, the longer diameter of the fire-pot and its length sufficient to reach to the top of the stove, and the coal passes into it through thetop of the stove at the place marked N, Fig. 3. The bottom of thisreservoir I line with soapstone or firebrick, as shown at t t, Fig. 3, and I cut away from its lower inner edge so as to allow the coal to slide freely into that part of the firepot not under the coal-reservoir, as shown at t, Fig. 3.

The space from the top of the bed-plate upon which the fire-pot rests to the top of the stove, except that taken up by the coal-reservoir, I divide by a partition, (marked 2 z 2, Fig. 3,) fastening this partition to the outside of the coal-reservoir, as shown by the dotted line 2 z, Fig. 3. In that part of the partition marked 2 z", I place the sliding damper marked K, Fig. 3, moved by a rod terminating in a knob, (marked 8, Fig. 3,) and this part of the partition I incline downward from 2 to z, for the greater ease in removing dust and ashes. Near the' top of the stove I place another horizontal partition, L L, Fig. 3, with three holes through it near its front edge, and almost directly over the sliding damper K, Fig. 3. Above that portion of the fire pot not covered by the coal-reservoir, and below thepartition zz, I place a small oven, (marked I, Fig. 3,) leaving sutficient space for the fire, smoke, and heat to pass around it. At O,Fig. 3, I place a small cover, which can be removed at pleasure for heating plates or other articles.

Having now describedthe construction of my stove, I will now proceed to describe'its operation.

A fire having been kindled upon the grate with charcoal or wood in the usual way, the cover N, Fig. 3, is removed, and the res ervoir H, whose sides are marked w w, is filled with coal, which, sliding out of the bottom of the reservoir upon the inner side, fills the whole fire-pot with coal, which soon becomes ignited, the air which supports the combustion passing from the ash-pit B up through the grate It, Fig. 3, into the burning coal. Now, if the damper K is opened the flame, heat, and smoke pass up on three sides of the oven I through the damper-opening at K through the holes 1 2 3 into the smokepipe M, in the direction indicated by the arrows, in the chamber I, Fig. 3, making a direct draft from the chimney to the burning coal. But if the damper K is closed the flame, heat, and smoke passes over the edge of the fire-pot into the space 0, then through the opening G into the fiue A in the base of the stove, then through the opening 01 into the space D, then through the holes 1 2 3 into the smoke-pipe M, as shown by the direction of the arrows in Fig. 3. When the fire has burned low, and you wish to increase the heat, you take hold of the handle of the grate in the top of the ash-pit B, and move it to the right and left,

having first opened the slide-register which closes the openings 0, leading from the ash-pit B, Fig. 3, into the chamber D, so that the flying dust and ashes may be drawn to the chimney, and not escape out through the door of the ash-pit into the room. When this grate is shaken, the edges or hips of the pyramid raise the mass of ashes, slate, and clinkers resting on the grate, and the smaller pieces fall through the bars of the pyramid, and the larger pieces work down the inclined sides of the pyramid till they are caught and broken up between the teeth at the outer edge of the grate, and those upon the inner edge of the opening in the bed-plate. When the fire from any cause happens to go out, you can reach a poker through the opening in the bottom of the oven, and make bare a small portion of the grate, when the fire can be kindled anew without dumping the grate and emptying the coal-reservoir, which is quite important in a self-feeding stove.

I do not claim as my invention the outer shell or casing of the stove, nor the oven, nor the ash-pit, nor the coal-reservoir, nor the jacket, nor the horizontal bar, nor the supporting-ring, nor register; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The division of the space within the outer shell of the stove into the different compartments by the partitions z z z and P P, as above described, in combination with the firepot, grate, coal-reservoir, and outer shell, as above described.

2. The fire-pot made circular at the bottom, and elliptical at the top, in combination with the grate and coal-reservoir, as above described.

3. The combination of a grate made in the form of a pyramid with bars and a toothed edge, and a bed-plate having the edge of the opening in which the grate is placed also toothed, as above described, in connection with the fire-pot and coal-reservoir, as above described.

JOHN R. HAWKINS. Witnesses:

GEO. D. OoWLns, THOMAS BYRNE.

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