US440744A - Oe hammering mechanism - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 7 Sheets- 811694- '14 E. MOREAU. STRIKING 0R HAMMBRING MECHANISM.

No. 440,744. Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

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STBIKING 0R HAMMERING MECHANISM. I No. 440,744. Patented Nov. 18, 1890.

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JZLJQZZWW? UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EUGEYE MOREAU, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGI OR TO THEODORE IV. STERLING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

STRIKING OR HAMMERING MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,744, dated November 18, 1890.

Application filed March 19, 1890 Serial No. 344,472. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EUGENE MOREAU, a citizen of France, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Striking or Hammering Mechanism; and I .do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to striking or hammering mechanism.

The object is in an efficient manner, with proper conservation of mechanism and with selection of the proper period of time, to deliver blows with certainty upon a given object.

The invention resides, essentially, in a strik-' ing or hammering device; and it consists of two hammers adapted to reciprocate in the direction of the blow to be giventhat is, in the direction of impaet and also to be reciprocated to and from the line of direction of impact, the reciprocation of the hammers to and from the line of impact bringing each hammer alternately into position with time to strike its object.

The invention may be embodied in various forms, the hammers to be reciprocated to and from the line of direction of the blow in a straight or curved path, and is applicable to any use where blows are to be struck with certainty upon a given point. r

I illustrate the invention by a rectilinear reciprocation of the hammers to an from the line of direction of the blow, and have elected to show its operation by application to a percussion rock-drill of a device embodying it.

The special device-for retaining the machine in position on its supporting-standard and also constructions for effecting the partial rotation of the drill-tool and other operations are not designed to be covered in the present application, as they, together with other details of construction herein shown or deing the striking device applied, for mere illustration of a mode of use, to rock-drilling mechanism, the top of the housing of the strikingmechanism being removed to display the disposition of the operative parts, showing the upper hammer with two stems and two actuat-ing-springsone on each stem-part of the two portions, a forward projecting portion and a rear or upright portion, of a movable frame, in which the hammers are mounted, one of two longitudinal tongues or guide-ribs for each hammer, on a forward projecting portion of this frame, employed with grooves in the hammers to steady the hammers and hold them in proper position against individual displacement to or from the line of stroke, and the place of one of two upright grooves, one at each side of the rear or upright portion of this movable frame, as shown in detail in Fig. 12, to take upon upright guidebars on the stationary frame or a block, showing, also, the top of a stationary frame or a block having a recess or jaw, as more fully shown in Fig. 11, to receive the movable frame and provided with upright guide-bars extending inward, upon which the movable frame slides by the grooves in its sides, upper pawlsprings to operate in connection with lookinglevers or roller-pawls, as shown in Fig. 8, and a cleft in the block from above downward to receive an arm fixed to and projecting backward from the movable frame, as shown in Figs. .4 and 12, into a box on a crank or crankbend on asecond shaft, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 6, by which the movable frame is actuated to reciprocate from the crank or crankbend on the second shaft by means of the box, showing the main shaft, seen projecting laterally from the rear end, and showing, finally, a second shaft above the main shaft with gear-wheels, the drill-shaft of the rock-drilling mechanism, to which the striking device is here applied, being in a tube extending from the housing of the striking mechanism and supported on a standard by collar and sleeve which permit the drill to be tilted up and down and turned or shifted around, and also to be moved longitudinally or to slide, there being a rock-shaft outside of the housing of the striking mechanism to cause rotation of the drill, the rock-shaft having a crank-arm at one end projecting laterally into the housing and toothed at its end, not shown, to mesh with gear, not shown at the drill-shaft, and having a lateral extension at its other end, taken under by a cam on the main shaft of the striking mechanism, aboxing over the main shaft being cut away to show the extension from the rock-shaft of the drill-shaft and the cam on the shaft of the striking mechanism. Fig. 2 is a view in vertical longitudinal section, taken through the housing of the striking mechanism and through the rock-drilling mechanism attached thereto, leaving the hammers in elevation to display their shape, and leaving, also in elevation, their springs, the stem seen of one and its tube, more fully shown in Fig. 8;

furthermore, a part gear-wheel for operating with mechanism, not shown, to rotate the drill-tool, and, finally, a feed-screw for the drill-shaft, the end of the drill-shaft and its casing being broken off beyond the sleeve, the View showing the upper and lower ham mers and one each of their actuating-springs, the upper hammer being drawn back and the lower one extended, having just delivered its blow, a stem of the lower hammer and one of the tubes fixed in the movable frame, into which tubes the stems of the hammers are received and in which they slide, as shown fully in Fig. 8, the movable frame in which the hammers are mounted, its arm in position, and part of one of the recesses for the locking-levers or roller-pawls, shown fully in Figs. 8 and 12, showing, also, the stationary frame or block, with the lower part of one of the upright guide-bars, the free end of the arm extending into the box, the main shaft, and the second shaft carrying the box, whereby the movable frame is reciprocated from this second shaft, of the drill mechanism, there appearing the drill-tool shaft in its upperbearing, having a free part-gear spurwheel or collar on its upper end, by which, with intermittent or ratchet feed, not shown, a ratchet-pawl projecting inward from the collar and a ratchet-wheel being fixed on the end of the drill-shaft, the drill-tool is rotated, and there appearing, further, the sleeve having fixed to it a screw-threaded tube, free to slide in another tube in the housing of the striking mechanism and entered by a screw free to turn in the housing, but fixed against longitudinal motion, whereby the drill is caused to advance or retreat on the standard. Fig. 3 is a view in elevation representing the rear of the striking mechanism, the end of the housing being removed to display the parts, showing part of the stationary frame, being upright strips or pieces confining the shafts at their bearings in the frame, the main shaft with its gear-wheels and the sec ond shaft with its gear-wheels, the gear-wheels inter-meshing in pairs, the box on the second shaft with the arm from the movable frame projecting through it, and the sides and bottom of the housing with attachments for -the rear plate, there appearing, also, the cam on the main shaft and the end of the rockshaft with its lateral extension, as also the opening in the lower part of the housing for the screw employed to advance or move back the drill on the standard. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective, representing the main drivingshaft of the striking mechanism,showing the gear-wheels and also cranks for connecting,

through links, with pins on the head of the lower hammer to draw the hammer back against its spring or springs, as fully shown in Fig. 5, there appearing, also, the cam for moving the rock-shaft of the drill. Fig. 5 is a view in side elevation, the housing being removed, representing the manner of drawing back the ham mers against their springs, show ing the hammers with one of the pins on the head of each, and the actuating-springs, the hammerstems, the tubes, and part of the movable frame being indicated in dotted lines, one of the grooves in the hammers employed with the longitudinal tongues or guide-ribs on the frame to steady the hammers and hold them in proper position against individual displacement to or from the line of stroke, part of the movable frame, part of the stationary frame or the block, the end of the main shaft in full lines,and in dotted lines the end of the second shaft; furthermore, the gearwheels on the shafts, one of the cranks that are on the ends of the second shaft, and of the links connecting the cranks with the hammerheads by the pins, the links on this side, the position of the links being such that while the cranks on the second shaft are back, having drawn the upper hammer backward against its spring or springs, to be held by mechanism not seen, but shown in Fig. 8, the cranks or crank-bends on the lower shaft will be forward, and vice versathat is to say, the two shafts being so geared that their cranks in pairs will be held, respectively, in positions relatively diametrically opposite, and each link having an opening of sufficient length to permit its hammer to deliver full stroke upon being released, there also appearing in this figure the cam on the main shaft. Fig. 6 is a view in perspective representing in detail the means of moving the arm up and down to reciprocate the movable frame, showing the second shaft with the box, seen in Figs. 2 and 3, on a crank in the length of the shaft, and the arm belonging to the movable frame, with a groove and projections for its securement, showing, also, the gear-wheels of the second shaft and a crank for attachment of a link. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section vertically through the center of the box and transversely through the second shaft, leaving a gear-wheel beyond the 00x in elevation, showing the construction of the box, and its position on a crank on the second shaft. Fig. Sis a view in vertical longitudinal section, taken through the fore part of the stationary frame and the rear portion of the movable frame in the line of a stem, each for the uproller-pawls, showing its construction.

ing removed to display the parts, showing a stem of each hammer provided with a notch for receiving a roller of a locking-lever or roller-pawl, part of the movable frame carrying the tubes in which the stems slide, and the locking-levers or roller-pawls, and part of the stationary frame with the pawl-springs,

a stop for the locking-levers of roller-pawls to strike to be released from the notches in their respective stems, and an upright guide-bar.

.Fig. 9 is a view in elevation, being a detail view of one of the lower locking-levers or Fig. 10 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same, showing the position of the roller and the same free to move. Fig. 11 is a view in perspective representing the greater portion of the stationary frame or the block, in a front recess or jaw of which the movable frame carrying the hammers slides, showing the recess or jaw provided with upright guidebars extending inward for taking into the grooves in the sides of the movable frame, the upper and lower pawl springs to operate in connection with the locking-levers of rollerpawls, the stops for the locking-levers to strike to release the hammers, the cleft from above downward to receive the arm, fixed to and projecting backward from the movable frame through this block into the box on a crank on the second shaft, and depressions at the back of the frame to form portions of the bearings of the main and second shafts; and Fig. 12 is a View in perspective representing the greater portion of the movable frame in which the hammers are mounted,

showing the recesses from above downward and from below upward, rounded within and holdingthe back ends of the tubes into which the stems slide, the recesses having the locking-levers or roller -pawls in position, the locking-levers or roller-pawls being seen in three of these recesses, and upright grooves at the sides to take upon the guide-bars on the stationary frame, and the arm in position in the frame by which the frame is actuated.

It is desired to state at the outset that this invention is not limited in its application to any specific form of object to be struck.

For the purpose merely of showing and explaining the principles of operation and use of the invention, its application will be described in the form shown in the drawings as adapted to a percussion rock-drill.

In the drawings, A A designate two hammers having enlarged portions or heads Ct C62, provided with pins a d and one or more reduced portions each, or stems a a provided with outwardly-facing rounded notches a a near their ends; The hammers are mounted one above the other, but free to slide independently'lengthwise in a movable frame B,

consisting of two portions-an upright portion 19 and a forwardly-extending portion b the extension having at the side of each hammer an inward-projecting longitudinal tongue or guide-rib 5 which takes into a corresponding groove a to steady each hammer and hold it in proper position against individual displacement to or from the line of stroke-that is, in the present embodiment, against displacement up or down-as the hammers in this instance are shown one above the other,

(though they may be side by side,) the movable frames having, furthermore, tubes 1) b fixed in the front face of the main portion b toward the hammers, and which the ends of the stems of the hammers enter, free to slide therein. Upon the stems of the hammers are spiral springs '0 G which abut at one'end against the front face of the movable frame over the tubes and at the other against the enlargements or heads of the hammers, these springs being the hammer-actuating springs.

The movable frame has grooves 17 in the sides of the upright portion to permit the frame to be guided in its movement, and has,

furthermore, an arm I) fixed in it near its top and projecting backward beyond its rear face, by which arm the frame can be moved and recesses 12* b in the rear face, respectively, from above downward and from below upward, each recess ending in a rounded opening into which a tube is set, the recesses con-' taining locking levers or pawls Z9 b to engage the notches in the stems of the hammers, as shown in Fig. 8, the levers carrying rollers that enter the notches in order that upon pressure of the levers outward the pawls may readily slip out of engagement with the hammers and release them to be actuated by the springs, and having their free ends projecting beyond the plane of the rear face of the movable frame to be struck and thrown out of engagement with the notches.

Behind the movable frame is the stationary frame or the block D, consisting of a main portion d and upright strips or pieces (1 confining the shafts at their bearings in the frame, the main portion (I having a recess or jaw (1 into which the movable frame is set, with its grooves upon guide-bars d and with its arm in a cleft d Projecting into the jaw from the top and bottom of the block are springs 01 (1 which, being opposite the recesses in the movable frame, are in position to act against the locking-levers, as required, the locking-levers being thrown out of engagement with their notches in the hammers by striking against stops d Set into the block at the rear and at its lower part is a main shaft E, having spur gear-wheels e e and cranks or crank-bends (2 6 also a cam and above the main shaft a second shaft F, with spur gear-wheels f f the gear-wheels e .and f, and e and f respectively, on the two shafts intermeshing, cranks f f at the ends of the sha t, and a crank f between the gearwheels or intermediate in the length of the shaft, the two shafts being so geared that the cranks or crank-bends on the main shaft and the cranks on the ends of the second shaft will be respectively in position relatively di ametrically opposite, and the cranks carrying links G G which turn on them at one end -(the rear end,) and at the other end take over the pins on the hammer-heads, the cranks on the main shaft bearing the links which take over the pins on the head of the lower hammer, and those on the second shaft carrying the links which take over the pins 011 the head of the upper hammer. vious that as the main shaft revolves the hammers will be drawn back one after the other by the links.

Upon the intermediate crank of the second shaft is journaled a box f into which an arm passes through the cleft 1:1 the box sliding slightly but freely on the arm. It willbe obvious that as the second shaft is turned and its intermediate crank or crank-bend revolves with its box the arm will be moved up and down, carrying with it the movable frame, which is in this manner moved up and down, whereby the hammers by it carried will be reciprocated, and there will be a period of rest at the end of each movement up and down before the opposite movement begins, it being clear that the period of rest may be made greater or less by well-known means- 'forexample, greater by having the box larger in vertical diameter than the end of the arm.

As already described, the stems of the hammers are provided near their ends with notches and the movable frame with pawls. Now the intermediate crank on the second shaft is so set that when the upper hammer is drawn back with its spring or springs compressed to the fullest extent the movable frame will be at its uppermost limit of motion, bringing the upper pawl or pawls against the upper pawl spring or springs and forcing the pawl into the notch or notches of the upper hammer, retaining it until upon movement of the frame in its contrary direction about cen trally the pawl or pawls will strike against the stop on the stationary frame and, releasing the stem or stems, the upper hammer will be shot forward by the actuating spring or springs to deliver its blow, while when the lower hammer is drawn back with its spring or springs compressed to its fullest extent the movable frame will be at its lowermost limit of motion, bringing the lower pawl or pawls against thelower pawl spring or springs and forcing the pawl into the notch or notches of the lower hammer, retaining it until upon movement of the frame in the contrary direction, about centrally, the pawl or pawls will strike against the projection on the stationary frame, and, releasing the stem or stems, the lower hammer will be shot forward by the actuating-spring or springs to deliver its blow. Otherwise stated, the shafts are so geared with each other that they act upon the respective actuating-springs through their cranks and connecting-links alternately, and

It 'Will be 013- the box mounted on the shaft is so arranged with relation to the other moving parts of the machine, and its operation is so timed that each hammer, respectively, is at the outward limit of the motion of the frame furthest removed from the drill-tool or part holding the drill-tool when its spring is compressed and the notch in the hammer is entered by its pawl, and it is carried to a point opposite the drill-tool when its locking-lever is moved from the hammer releasing it. It may be here noted that delivery of a blow takes place at a time when the reciprocatingly-moving frame having reached its extreme position in one direction or the other is about to retrace its course that is, at a moment when it is deprived of motion, having no motion either in one direction or the other. The delivery of the blow being practically instantaneous under the quick action of thesprin gs, it may be said that the movement of the hammer at that time is all in one direction-that is, in the direction of the object to be struck.

The advantage of reciprocation of the operative part to and from the line of direction of its action is, first, that by reciprocation more than one hammer can be employed instead of having to use a single hammer, thus dividing the labor and consequent wear and tear; and, secondly, that by reciprocation or alternation, as distinguished from constant motion onward or succession, a period of rest is afforded at the end of each movementnamely, just before return, and just then the striking can be performed.

The drill-shaft of the rock-drilling mechanism to which the striking device is here applied is marked H, and is in a tube which extends from the housing of the striking mechanism and is supported upon a standard I by a collar t' and sleeve h, which permit the drill-shaft and consequently the drill to be swung up or down, to be turned or shifted around, and also to be moved longitudinally or to slide, there being a rock-shaft K outside of the housing of the striking mechanism to cause rotation of the drill-shaft and thereby the drill, the rock-shaft having an arm is at one end projecting laterally into the housing and toothed at its end (not shown) to mesh with gear (not shown) at the drill-shaft, and having a lateral extension 10 at its other end taken under by a cam e on the main shaft of the striking mechanism, there being at the upper end of the drill-tool at its upper bearin g a free part-gear spur-wheel by which, (with intermediate or ratchet-feed, not shown,) a ratchet-pawl projecting inward from the collar, and a ratchet-wheel being fixed on the end of the drill-shaft, the drill is rotated, the drill to be advanced or drawn back in the standard by having fixed to the sleeve h a screw-threaded tube L, free to slide in another tube M in the housing of the striking mechanism, and entered by a screw N, free to turn in the housing, but fixed against longitudinal motion.

ITO

I. V V V It will be obvious that the screw device may be employed for causing the striking device to advance or recede by itself.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a striking device, in combination, a pair of independently-reciprocating hammers and mechanism for reciprocating simultaneously both hammers in a line crossing that of impact, substantially as described.

2. A striking device consisting of two hammers, in combination with mechanism operating to reciprocate each in the required direction of impact, and with mechanism operating to reciprocate them to and from the line of direction of impact alternately, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. A striking device consisting of two hammers, in combination with actuating-springs and mechanism for drawing back the hammers to compress the springs and to reciprocate each hammer in the required direction of impact, and mechanism operating to reciprocate them to and from the line of direction of impact alternately, substantially as described.

4. A striking device consisting of two hammers and a reciprocatingly-movable frame, in which the hammers are mounted, in combination with mechanism operating to reciprocate each hammer in the required'direction of impact, and with mechanism operating to reciprocate the frame in a direction crossing the line of direction of impact, substantially as set forth.

5. A striking device consisting of two 11ammers, in combination with actuating-springs and mechanism for drawing back the hammers and for compressing the springs to re ciprocate each hammer in the required direction of impact, hammer locking and releasing devices, and mechanism operating to reciprocate the hammers to and from the line of direction of impact alternately, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EUGENE MOREAU.

\Vitncsses:

R. G. DYRENFORTH, F. B. KEEFER.

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