US4402086A - Safety device for extra-high voltage generator, particularly an X-ray generator - Google Patents

Safety device for extra-high voltage generator, particularly an X-ray generator Download PDF

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US4402086A
US4402086A US06/237,897 US23789781A US4402086A US 4402086 A US4402086 A US 4402086A US 23789781 A US23789781 A US 23789781A US 4402086 A US4402086 A US 4402086A
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voltage
transistor
resistor
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nominal value
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Raoul Setbon
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/30—Controlling
    • H05G1/32—Supply voltage of the X-ray apparatus or tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/54—Protecting or lifetime prediction

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  • the present invention relates to a safety device for extra-high voltage generators, particularly X-ray generators of the type comprising at least one controllable active element, such as a vacuum tube and with control grids inserted between at least one of the electrodes of the radiogenic tube and at least that of the poles of the extra-high voltage source which is intended to polarize said electrodes.
  • These grid tubes serve to act as switches for energizing the radiogenic tube for the exposure period when they are controlled to conduct by a positive square-wave signal applied to their control grids during exposure and on the other hand for applying between the electrodes of the radiogenic tube a voltage determined by the amplitude of said signal obtained by means of a control loop which receives a nominal value voltage preset by the user.
  • a high-voltage transformer whose three-phase primary is star or delta connected and whose two three-phase secondaries are star-connected supplying two full-wave rectifiers, whereof one has its negative pole and the other its positive pole connected together to earth, such as, for example, described in German Patent No. 1 029 492, which supplies between its terminals an extra-high voltage (E.H.V.) symmmetrical with respect to earth.
  • E.H.V. extra-high voltage
  • the safety device according to the invention is intended to provide better protection for the patient, the operators and the equipment from the electrical standpoint, on the basis of the new international standards of I.E.C. 601-1. It is also intended to provide adequate radiological protection, i.e. against excessive doses of ionising radiation to the patient in accordance with international standard I.E.C. 407 and the Regulations of the Bureau of Radiological Health of the Food and Drug Administration--21 CFR Sub J 1020. Thus, during the starting of a radiogenic tube it must ensure a rapid cutting off of the E.H.V.
  • kenotrons i.e. high-voltage vacuum diode rectifiers are inserted between the grid tubes and the radiogenic tubes in order to protect it by limiting the current, because their filaments are heated so as to limit the maximum current intensity consumed to a value close to that necessary for exposure in the case of starting the radiogenic tube.
  • This limitation of the anode current, without the interruption thereof, during the starting of the tube leads to an increase in the tube stoppage time and also to an increase in the recharging time of the E.H.V. cables following stoppage. This can lead to information losses, particularly in the case of an X-ray scan.
  • the safety device according to the invention makes it possible to obviate the disadvantages of the prior art devices by permitting, even during repeated starting operations of the radiogenic tube to continue the examination taking place due to the brief blocking of the E.H.V. application so as to bring about rapid stoppage (discharge of the energy in the cables) and rapid automatic rearming (a few tenths of a microsecond after the discharge), thereby making said interruption almost negligible, whilst stopping the examination taking place when the tube has repeated starting processes at rapid intervals.
  • a safety device for an X-ray generator comprising, inserted between at least one of the terminals of a direct current extra-high voltage source and at least one of the electrodes of a radiogenic tube, at least one anode-cathode path of a vacuum tube and with a control grid energized by means of a control circuit supplying it with a square-wave signal, whose duration determines that of the exposure and whose amplitude, which can be regulated by varying a nominal value voltage applied to the input of at least one comparator circuit, determines the voltage drop at the terminals of said path and consequently the supply voltage for the radiogenic tube, is mainly characterized in that at least one measuring resistor for the current in the radiogenic tube, inserted between at least the other terminal of the source and earth, energizes a first analog comparator, whose output becomes saturated (closed) when the voltage drop caused by this current exceeds a predetermined threshold indicating the starting of the tube, so as to control the blocking of the transmission of the grid control square-
  • the measuring resistor also energizes a first integrating circuit making it possible to integrate voltage drop pulses corresponding to overcurrents due to starting processes which, when they are repeated at brief intervals, increase its integrated output voltage which is applied to a bistable multivibrator tripped by exceeding a predetermined threshold voltage, the output of the bistable multivibrator then controlling the saturation of a switching transistor bringing the nominal value input of the control circuit to earth so as to block at least one grid tube, a so-called second time signal applied by manual control makes it possible to reset the bistable multivibrator, as well as block the switching transistor short-circuiting the nominal value.
  • FIG. 1 a part block diagram, part circuit diagram of a conventional X-ray generator incorporating a safety device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 a circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the safety device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 i is the radiogenic tube energized by two extra-high voltage supply units 2, 3, which are connected in series and supply in each case substantially the same voltage.
  • the two units 2 and 3 can be constituted by two sets of three-phase secondary windings each supplying a set of full-wave rectifiers, whose output terminals are joined by a series connection constituted by a filter capacitor and a resistor (cf. German Patent 1 029 429 and French Patent 1 395 015).
  • junction of these two units 2, 3, i.e. that of the negative pole of the first unit 2 and the positive pole of the second unit 3 is connected to earth in such a way that the voltage between the two output terminals (positive poles of unit 2 and negative poles of unit 3) is substantially twice their voltage to earth.
  • the X-ray generator also comprises, in accordance with the teaching of British Pat. Nos. 689,798 and 689,799 and French Patent No. 1 395 015 a first tetrode 4, whose anode is connected to the positive pole of the first unit 2 and the cathode to the anode of the radiogenic tube 1 and a second tetrode 5, whose anode is connected to the cathode of tube 1 and its cathode to the negative pole of the second unit 3.
  • Tetrodes 4, 5 serve on the one hand to energize the radiogenic tube 1 as an electronic switch and on the other hand to form variable ballast resistors at the terminals of which the anode current of the radiogenic tube passing through them cause voltage drops similar to those at the terminals of regulation resistors, which are cut off from the E.H.V. supplied by the two units 2, 3 in series, so as to vary that between the anode and the cathode of the radiogenic tube 1.
  • the negative terminal of the first unit 2 and the positive terminal of the second unit 3 are respectively joined here to earth by means of two current measuring resistors 6 and 7 of the same value, at the terminals of which the current of the radiogenic tube 1 leads to voltage drops which are symmetrical with respect to earth at zero potential and proportional thereto.
  • These measuring voltage drops are respectively applied to two inputs 11 and 12 of a safety device 10 according to the invention, which will be described in greater detail hereinafter, by means of two conductors 8 and 9.
  • the true value of the anode-cathode voltage of the radiogenic tube 1 is measured by means of two resistive divider circuits, whereof the first, constituted by two resistors 81, 82 in series, is connected between the anode and earth and whereof the second, constituted by two series resistors 83, 84 is connected between the cathode and earth.
  • the centre of the first divider 81-82 is connected to a first input 31 of a comparator and modulating circuit 30, whereof a second input 32 is connected to the centre of the second divider 83-84.
  • This first input 31 is connected to one of the inputs of a first differential amplifier 300, whose other input receives from a third input 33 connected to the first output 21 of a nominal value generator circuit 20 the positive square-wave nominal value signal, whose regulatable duration determines the exposure time and whose regulatable amplitude determines the anode-cathode voltage of radiogenic tube 1.
  • the second input 32 of circuit 30 is connected to one of the inputs of a second differential amplifier 301, identical to amplifier 300, whose other input is energized by an analog inverter stage 302 (of polarity) supplying a signal of the same value as that applied at its input, but of opposite polarity.
  • This input of inverter stage 302 is connected to the third input 33, which supplies it with the aforementioned nominal value signal.
  • amplifiers 300, 301 forming an analog comparator circuit, can be in the form of conventional symmetrical differential amplifiers equipped with vacuum tubes (triodes) or transistors, or by means of linear integrated circuits (operational amplifiers).
  • the output of the first amplifier 300 is connected by means of a first interference suppressor choke 303 to the control grid of a first high-frequency pentode 305, whose slope is variable as a function of its grid-cathode polarization equipping a first amplitude modulator.
  • the output of the second amplifier 301 is connected by means of a second interference suppressor choke 304 to the control grid of a second pentode 306 equipping a second amplitude mmodulator.
  • the control grids of pentodes 305 and 306 are respectively coupled to two outputs of a high frequency oscillator 307 (2.2 MHz) via two coupling capacitors 308, 309.
  • the cathodes of pentodes 305, 306, connected to their suppressor grids, are brought to a positive potential relative to earth by means of a first d.c. voltage source 310, which also supplies the positive supply inputs of amplifiers 300, 301, whose negative supply inputs are supplied by a second source 311, which is symmetrical to earth.
  • a first d.c. voltage source 310 which also supplies the positive supply inputs of amplifiers 300, 301, whose negative supply inputs are supplied by a second source 311, which is symmetrical to earth.
  • the outputs of amplifiers 300, 301 respectively controlling the polarization of the control grids supply them with voltages which can vary between a zero value and at least the cut-off voltage (blocking).
  • the anodes of pentodes 305, 306 are respectively connected to tuned primary windings of two high frequency transformers 61, 71, respectively forming part of the amplitude detector circuits 60, 70.
  • the also tuned secondary windings of transformers 61, 71 which must be well insulated from the primary windings, supply in each case a peak detector circuit 62 constituted by a diode 63 in series with the connection of a capacitor 64 in parallel with a resistor 65, across which is negatively polarized the grid of another amplifying pentode 41, whose anode is connected to the cathode of tetrode 4.
  • This polarization of the control grid is obtained by means of a third variable d.c. voltage source 66, whose positive pole is connected to the cathode of the other pentode 41 and whose negative pole is connected to one of the terminals of resistor 65, whereof the other terminal is connected to the grid thereof.
  • Direct current voltage is supplied to the other pentode 41 by means of two other d.c. voltage sources 42, 43, which are in series.
  • One of these, 42 is connected by its negative pole to the cathode of the other pentode 41 and by its positive pole to the negative pole of the other source 43, which is also connected to the control grid of tetrode 4 by means of a resistor 44 for the negative polarization of the same.
  • the positive pole of the other source 43 is connected by a ballast resistor 45 to the junction of the anode of the other pentode 41 with the cathode of tetrode 4.
  • the current passing through the other pentode 41 brings about a voltage drop of opposite polarity to that of the voltage supplied by the other source 43 at the terminals of resistor 45.
  • the polarization of the other pentode 41 is initially adjusted in such a way that it is polarized to the cut-off limit in the absence of a signal detected at the terminals of the parallel connection 64-65.
  • a detected high frequency wave train supplies a substantially square-wave positive signal at the grid of pentode 41, which then conducts an anode current, which is a function of the amplitude of said wave.
  • This anode current leads to a voltage drop at the terminals of resistor 45, which is cut off from the negative polarization voltage supplied by the other source 43, which keeps the tetrode 4 blocked.
  • Tetrode 4 conducts as a result of the increase in its grid-cathode voltage (reduction of its negative polarization) a current which passes through the radiogenic tube 1 and its internal resistance, i.e. the difference from its anode-cathode potential, is a function of the amplitude of the nominal value signal throughout the duration thereof.
  • each tetrode 4, 5 is controlled by a control loop specifically intended for the same as a function of the amplitude of the nominal value signal, in such a way that the cathode potential of the first tetrode 4 and the anode potential of the second tetrode 5 are symmetrical relative to earth.
  • the safety circuit 10 acts at two different levels in these two control loops during the starting operations of the radiogenic tube 1.
  • an interval predetermined by means of an integrating circuit time constant
  • a bistable multivibrator with a threshold controls the earthing of its fourth input/output 14 by an electronic switch preventing the transmission of the nominal value signal to the third input 33 of the comparator and modulator circuit 33 because the first output 21 of the nominal value generator 20 is connected to the fourth input/output 14 via a resistor 23.
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically shows one of the preferred embodiments of the safety circuit 10 according to the invention, with its first two signal inputs 11, 12 connected to the respective terminals of the current measuring resistors 6, 7 (approximately 10 ohms) of the X-ray generator circuit, with its third input 13 connected to the second output 22 of the nominal value generator 20 of FIG. 1, which supplies positive square-wave control signals of constant amplitude (+6 V), whose duration is the same as the exposure time, with its fourth input/output 14 connected in parallel with the third input 33 of the comparator and modulator circuit 30 and, across a resistor 23, to the first nominal value output 21 of generator 20 and with its two outputs 15, 16 respectively connected to inputs 34 and 35 of circuit 30.
  • the safety circuit 10 also has two supply inputs 17, 18, whereof the first, 17, is connected to the positive pole of a d.c. low voltage source (+24 V) and whose second input 18, connected to the chassis earth, is connected to the negative pole thereof.
  • the positive supply input 17 is, for example, connected by means of a first diode 101 and a current limiting resistor 102 (a few dozen ohms) to the positive foil of an electrochemical filter capacitor 103 (a few hundred microfarads), whose negative foil is connected to the negative supply input 18 (earth) in such a way that its positive terminal 104 supplies the supply voltage of one of the components (threshold multivibrator) of circuit 10.
  • the first two inputs 11 and 12 are interconnected here by means of a resistive voltage divider incorporating two resistors 105, 106 in series (of the same value, e.g. a few dozen ohms), whose centre 107 energizes, via a first resistor 108 (approximately 1 kiloohm) and a parallel connection constituted by a resistor 109 (a few dozen kiloohms) and a coupling capacitor 110 (approximately 1 microfarad), the base of an npn junction transistor 111 (switching transistor), whose emitter is connected to the second input 12.
  • a resistive voltage divider incorporating two resistors 105, 106 in series (of the same value, e.g. a few dozen ohms), whose centre 107 energizes, via a first resistor 108 (approximately 1 kiloohm) and a parallel connection constituted by a resistor 109 (a
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • transient voltage suppressors are generally Zener or avalanche diodes, having a voltage for which they remain blocked (stand-off voltage), a starting voltage for which they start to conduct and a clamping voltage, which is a function of the current passing through them and which appears at the terminals thereof during a transient voltage and a maximum specified current, such as for example those of type UZS 306 to 327 of the "UNITRODE CORPORATION".
  • the other respective terminals of the resistor 115 and the cathode of the transient voltage suppressor 116 are connected to earth (terminal 18) and the anodes of diodes 113, 114 are respectively connected by two resistors 117, 118 to the outputs 15, 16 of circuit 10.
  • the radiogenic tube 1 When the radiogenic tube 1 is started as a result of an e.g. thermal degassing, the current which passes through it suddenly increases and leads to rapid increases to the voltage drops at the terminals of measuring resistors 6, 7, which are respectively applied with positive polarity to input 11 and negative polarity to input 12 of safety circuit 10.
  • the predetermined fraction of the sum of these voltage drops supplied by the centre 107 of divider 105-106 is applied across resistor 108 are parallel connection 109-110 to the base of the first transistor 111, which starts to conduct when this fraction exceeds a threshold of approximately 0.7 V, which corresponds to an anode current of tube 1 which exceeds its nominal current by a chosen percentage.
  • Capacitor 110 is then charged to a voltage proportional to the peak value of the starting current across resistor 108 and the base-emitter junction of transistor 111. As soon as the starting current has stopped increasing, capacitor 111 stops charging and the base current of transistor 111 also stops. The charge accumulated at the terminals of capacitor 110 from then on negatively polarizes the base of transistor 111, whilst slowly discharging across resistor 109.
  • transistor 111 When transistor 111 is saturated, its collector is brought to a negative potential, (-V 12 +V CEsat ), which is proportional to the instantaneous amplitude of the discharge current in the tube and which makes it possible to apply across diode 113, resistor 117, output 15 of circuit 10, input 34 and the first choke coil 33 of circuit 30 of FIG. 1, a negative polarization voltage below the cut-off value for the control grid of the first pentode 305 of the first amplitude modulator.
  • the high voltage switching transistor 111 controlling the brief disconnection can be replaced by a comparator with a switch-over threshold obtained by means of linear integrated circuits (operational reaction amplifier) of differential amplifier with a high gain for which a threshold voltage is selected in such a way that it corresponds to a voltage drop at the terminals of resistors 6, 7 caused by slightly exceeding the nominal current in the radiogenic tube 1 (by 20 to 50% for example).
  • the voltage drop at the opposite terminals of two series resistors 6, 7 caused by the current in radiogenic tube 1 is also applied to an integrating circuit 120 constituted by a resistor 121 and a capacitor 122 connected in series between the first and second input terminals respectively of circuit 10, whose time constant is chosen so as to permit the start of the switch-over from the blocked state to the saturated state of a bistable multivibrator 130, whose input 131 is energized by the output 123 of integrating circuit 120 for two or more successive, closely spaced operations of tube 1, i.e. within a time interval determined by the time constant (e.g. less than a few milliseconds), which indicate a defect in the radiogenic tube 1.
  • the time constant e.g. less than a few milliseconds
  • the bistable multivibrator 130 used here has two complementary transistors 132, 133 (cf. e.g. British Pat. No. 1,303,410) which are simultaneously blocked or saturated, because the collectors current of 1 drives the base of the other and vice versa.
  • the first npn transistor 132 of multivibrator 130 is connected by its base to the tripping input 131, which is energized by the output 123 of integrating circuit 120.
  • the collector of the first transistor 132 is connected to one of the terminals of a first resistor 133 (approximately 10 kiloohms), whose other terminal is connected to the base of the second pnp transistor 134 and to one of the terminals of a parallel connection formed by a second resistor 135 (approximately 1 kiloohm) and a low capacitance capacitor 136 (approximately 1 nanofarad), whose other terminal is connected to the emitter of the second transistor 134.
  • the emitter of second transistor 134 is also connected to the positive foil 104 of filter capacitor 103, which energizes multivibrator 130.
  • the collector of the second transistor 134 is connected on the one hand via a third diode 137 and a third resistor 138 to the base of the first transistor 132 in such a way as to supply thereto a current which maintains its saturated state and on the other hand via a fourth resistor 149 and a second light-emitting diode 140 of the signalling type to earth 18.
  • bistable multivibrators can also be used for this purpose, such as the Schmitt trigger (with threshold) or bistable latching multivibrators of the integrated type.
  • the blocking of the second transistor 134 is controlled here by a third pnp transistor 141, which serves as a resetting switch, whose collector-emitter path joins together the base and emitter of the second transistor 134 and which is normally blocked and controlled on its base by means of a fourth npn transistor 142, mounted in a common emitter.
  • the latter receives at its base positive square-wave signals of constant amplitude (+6 V) and whose duration corresponds to the exposure time, supplied by the second output 22 of the nominal value generator 20 (FIG.
  • a differentiating coupling circuit (high path) incorporating a coupling capacitor 146 in series with another resistive voltage divider constituted by two series-resistors 147, 148 is connected between the collector of the fourth transistor 142 and the emitter of the third transistor 141 connected to terminal 104 (+V CC ), the junction of resistors 147, 148 being connected to the base of the third transistor 141 in such a way that it receives negative pulses with respect to its emitter.
  • the leading front thereof coincides with that of the square-wave signals supplied by output 22 so as to temporarily saturate the third transistor 141 during a short time in order to bring about the resetting of the bistable multivibrator 130 at the start of each exposure.
  • These square-wave signals are generally initiated by the operator and are called second time signals, indicating the start of a new radiological examination (or a new series thereof), no matter whether or not there has been a disconnection caused by the multivibrator 130 during the previous exposure, in order to make it possible to re-apply the nominal value signal to input 33 of circuit 30 (FIG. 1).
  • the output 139 of multivibrator 130 i.e. the collector of the second transistor 134, is connected across a fourth diode 150, a resistor and a fifth diode 152 in series, to the base of a fifth transistor 153, whose collector is connected by means of the input/output 14 to the nominal value input 33 of the comparator and modulator circuit 30 (FIG. 1) and via a resistor 23 to the first output 21 of the nominal value generator 20 (FIG. 1) supplying the nominal value signal controlling the energizing of the radiogenic tube 1 (FIG. 1).
  • the emitter of the fifth transistor 153 is connected to earth, particularly by the sheath (armouring) of the coaxial cable used for transmitting the nominal value signal to the anode of a sixth clamping diode 154 and to one of the terminals of another resistor 155, whose other terminal is connected to the junction of resistor 151, the anode of the fifth diode 152 and the cathode of the sixth diode 154.
  • Resistors 151 and 155 form a voltage divider for the output signal of the multivibrator (varying approximately between 0 and +23 V).
  • Each of the components 300, 301 then receives at one of their inputs nominal value voltages substantially equal to zero, i.e. differing widely from the true values.
  • the junction of the input/output 14 and the collector of the fifth transistor 153 is connected to the junction of resistors 151, 155 with the anode of the fifth diode 152 and the cathode of the sixth diode 154 by a capacitor 158, whose capacitance is chosen as a function of the desired modification of the rise time of the nominal value signal.
  • This capacitor 158 in conjunction with transistor 153, has the effect of transforming the front into a linearly rising ramp relating to the rise of the square-wave, nominal value signal, i.e. of significantly reducing the slope of its rise front, so that the application of the extra-high voltage to the radiogenic tube 1 is carried out more gradually.
  • capacitor 158 is charged across resistor 155 by a gradually decreasing current, which brings about an identical voltage drop at the terminals thereof.
  • the fifth transistor 153 is made conductive and will constitute an initially low internal resistance, which will gradually increase as an inverse function of the charging current of capacitor 158 and in parallel with its load circuit.
  • capacitor 158 by a linearly decreasing current and the linearly increasing resistance of the collector-emitter path of the fifth transistor 153 forming a variable voltage divider with resistor 23, has the effect that the nominal value signal applied to the input 33 of comparator circuit 30 (FIG. 1) has a substantially linear and gradual rise (limiting the dv/dt to be withstood by the generator components and consequently the overvoltages which can appear at various points thereof).
  • the fourth transistor 142 which receives a positive square-wave signal throughout the exposure at its base is also connected by its collector to the base of the fifth transistor 153 via a seventh diode 156 and a resistor 157 in series.
  • the signal controlling the base of the fourth transistor 142 becomes zero and the latter is blocked.
  • the collector voltage rises to the supply voltage (+V CC ), which leads to a current passing from terminal 104 across the resistor-collector 145, the seventh diode 156, the base resistor 157 and the base-emitter junction of the fifth transistor 153 to earth, whilst saturating the latter.
  • the latter then makes it possible to discharge capacitor 158 across resistor 155 and its collector-emitter path.
  • the seventh diode 156 makes it possible to insulate the collector from the fourth transistor from the base of the fifth transistor 153, when the constant amplitude square-wave signal coincides with the nominal value signal and saturates the fourth transistor 142.
  • the circuit incorporating the fifth transistor 153 and the capacitor 158 in series with resistor 155 exercises two separate functions, the first being to act as a switch, short-circuiting the intake of the nominal value voltage at the comparator and modulator circuit 30 (FIG. 1) during repeated and closely spaced starting operations of the radiogenic tube 1 detected by means of integrator 120 and the switch-over threshold of the bistable latch-type multivibrator 130.
  • the second function of this circuit is to modify the rise time of the square-wave, nominal value signal as a result of the capacitive coupling between the collector and the base of said transistor 153.
  • the latter in conjunction with the surrounding circuit then functions as a so-called "MILLER" integrator.
  • circuit 153 fulfilling two functions by two separate circuits, whereof one would act as an electronic switch controlled by multivibrator 130 and the other would be a known integrator equipped with integrated circuits or transistors, but this would increase the cost of circuit 10.

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
US06/237,897 1980-02-29 1981-02-25 Safety device for extra-high voltage generator, particularly an X-ray generator Expired - Fee Related US4402086A (en)

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FR8004603A FR2477331A1 (fr) 1980-02-29 1980-02-29 Dispositif de securite pour generateur de tres haute tension, notamment radiologique
FR8004603 1980-02-29

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Cited By (9)

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US4553255A (en) * 1977-09-23 1985-11-12 Philips Medical Systems Regulating and stabilizing circuit for X-ray source
US4734924A (en) * 1985-10-15 1988-03-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray generator using tetrode tubes as switching elements
US20060078088A1 (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-04-13 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc X-ray Tube Cathode Overvoltage Transient Supression Apparatus
US20070268646A1 (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for monitoring detector line of fire detection system for faults
US20140348289A1 (en) * 2012-08-07 2014-11-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Radiographic system
US20170171954A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-15 General Electric Company Electronic control for high voltage systems
CN110547819A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-10 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 一种ct的智能控制装置和方法
CN112688535A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-20 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 上电控制系统
EP4576944A1 (de) * 2023-12-21 2025-06-25 Siemens Healthineers AG Messsystem für einen bipolaren hochspannungsgenerator

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JPS5894800A (ja) * 1981-11-30 1983-06-06 Toshiba Corp Ｘ線制御装置

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US3325645A (en) * 1964-08-11 1967-06-13 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg X-ray tube system with voltage and current control means

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DE2116064C3 (de) * 1971-04-02 1975-11-13 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Röntgenapparat mit einem Hochspannungsregelkreis, der ein in Serie zu einer Röntgenröhre liegendes, von einem Regelverstärker gesteuertes Regelventil aufweist

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US2659016A (en) * 1950-07-22 1953-11-10 Gen Radiological Ltd Operation of x-ray tubes
US3325645A (en) * 1964-08-11 1967-06-13 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg X-ray tube system with voltage and current control means

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4553255A (en) * 1977-09-23 1985-11-12 Philips Medical Systems Regulating and stabilizing circuit for X-ray source
US4734924A (en) * 1985-10-15 1988-03-29 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray generator using tetrode tubes as switching elements
US20060078088A1 (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-04-13 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc X-ray Tube Cathode Overvoltage Transient Supression Apparatus
US7340035B2 (en) * 2004-10-13 2008-03-04 General Electric Company X-ray tube cathode overvoltage transient supression apparatus
US20070268646A1 (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for monitoring detector line of fire detection system for faults
US20140348289A1 (en) * 2012-08-07 2014-11-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Radiographic system
US9326740B2 (en) * 2012-08-07 2016-05-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Radiographic system
US20170171954A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-15 General Electric Company Electronic control for high voltage systems
US10692684B2 (en) * 2015-12-14 2020-06-23 General Electric Company Electronic control for high voltage systems
CN110547819A (zh) * 2019-09-11 2019-12-10 山东新华医疗器械股份有限公司 一种ct的智能控制装置和方法
CN112688535A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-20 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 上电控制系统
EP4576944A1 (de) * 2023-12-21 2025-06-25 Siemens Healthineers AG Messsystem für einen bipolaren hochspannungsgenerator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0035433B1 (fr) 1984-02-08
EP0035433A1 (fr) 1981-09-09
FR2477331B1 (cs) 1984-02-17
FR2477331A1 (fr) 1981-09-04
DE3162141D1 (en) 1984-03-15
JPS56136499A (en) 1981-10-24

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