US440173A - Island - Google Patents
Island Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US440173A US440173A US440173DA US440173A US 440173 A US440173 A US 440173A US 440173D A US440173D A US 440173DA US 440173 A US440173 A US 440173A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- mercury
- amalgam
- battery
- zines
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 30
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 241000220010 Rhode Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006968 MacDonald synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening Effects 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
Definitions
- the zines now generally used in galvanic batteries are coated with Inercury,which forms an amalgam upon the surface of the zinc and prevents the adhesion of hydrogen to the zinc and the consequent weakening of the battery.
- the mercury also acts to render the zinc more positive than unamalgamated zines. In the use of these amalgamated zines the amalgam becomes detached by the wasting away of the zinc, thereby leaving the un amalgamated zinc exposed.
- This battery-zinc is made in the following manner: First, a certain quantity of mercury is placed in a ladle and gradually heated, a suitable temperature being between 212 and 300 Fahrenheit. An amalgam of mercury and sodium or potassium, or other suitable metal, is then made in a separate vessel, and some of this amalgam is placed in a jar containing a solution of asalt of ammonia,which is decomposed by the metal with which the mercury is amalgamated, a suitable salt being chloride of ammonium. Chemical action takes place, and the product is an amalgam of mercury and ammonium. This amalgam is formed in quantities as may be desired.
- thissay in the proportion of one-quarter of an ounce of the amalgam to six pounds of mercuryis then added to the heated mercury, and then sufficient zinc in small pieces is added to harden the mercury.
- This alloy is then added to the melted zinc from which the plates are to be cast in any desired proportion, and then a small portion of magnesium, preferably in a powdered form, is added to the melted zinc.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.
AROHIBALD J. MACDONALD, OF NORTH TIVERTON, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY E. TOWNSEND, TRUSTEE.
BATTERY-ZINC.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,173, dated November 11, 1890.
Application filed February 20, 1890. $erial No. 341,198. (No specimens.)
To to whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, ARCHIBALD J. MACDON- ALD, of North Tiverton, in the county of Newport and State of Rhode Island, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Battery- Zincs, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification.
The zines now generally used in galvanic batteries are coated with Inercury,which forms an amalgam upon the surface of the zinc and prevents the adhesion of hydrogen to the zinc and the consequent weakening of the battery. The mercury also acts to render the zinc more positive than unamalgamated zines. In the use of these amalgamated zines the amalgam becomes detached by the wasting away of the zinc, thereby leaving the un amalgamated zinc exposed.
It is the object of myinvention to produce a battery-zinc in which the mercury will be so united with the zinc that the plate will act as an amalgamated plate until wholly consumed, and will be unaiiected bythe exciting solution when the circuit is broken, thereby increasing the power of the battery and preventing waste of zinc.
This battery-zinc is made in the following manner: First,a certain quantity of mercury is placed in a ladle and gradually heated, a suitable temperature being between 212 and 300 Fahrenheit. An amalgam of mercury and sodium or potassium, or other suitable metal, is then made in a separate vessel, and some of this amalgam is placed in a jar containing a solution of asalt of ammonia,which is decomposed by the metal with which the mercury is amalgamated, a suitable salt being chloride of ammonium. Chemical action takes place, and the product is an amalgam of mercury and ammonium. This amalgam is formed in quantities as may be desired. A small portion of thissay in the proportion of one-quarter of an ounce of the amalgam to six pounds of mercuryis then added to the heated mercury, and then sufficient zinc in small pieces is added to harden the mercury. This alloy is then added to the melted zinc from which the plates are to be cast in any desired proportion, and then a small portion of magnesium, preferably in a powdered form, is added to the melted zinc.
What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-
The process, substantially as described, of making battery-zines, which consists in adding to heated mercury an amalgam of mercury and ammonium, then hardening the mercury by the addition of zinc, and then adding a portion of this alloy to the melted zinc from which the battery-zines are cast, and finally adding magnesium.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 28th day of January, A. D. 1890.
AROHIBALD J. MACDONALD.
Witnesses:
J. H. GUEST, ALEX. L. HAYES.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US440173A true US440173A (en) | 1890-11-11 |
Family
ID=2509071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US440173D Expired - Lifetime US440173A (en) | Island |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US440173A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2610219A (en) * | 1950-04-04 | 1952-09-09 | Yardney International Corp | Rechargeable battery |
-
0
- US US440173D patent/US440173A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2610219A (en) * | 1950-04-04 | 1952-09-09 | Yardney International Corp | Rechargeable battery |
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