US434976A

US434976A - Engine

Info

Publication number: US434976A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1890-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 1907-08-26

Description

(No Modem 2 sheets-sheet 1. P. GHOUTBAU.

ENGINE. No. 434,976. Patented Aug. 26, 1890.

WI'n asses. i w In venan Mm.; @vf @gw-n1 (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. GHOUTEAU.

ENGINE.

10.434,976Q Patented- Aug. 26, 1890.

y "Ul III UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PIERRE OIIOUTEAU, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,976, dated August 26, 1890.

Application filed June 9, 1890. Serial No. 354,678. (No modeld To al@ whom it may concern:

Be It known that. I, PIERRE CHoU'rEAU, a

citizen of the United States, residing in the andbelow the piston by the action of its valve,= ,which ltself is actuated by the motive fluid Without the intervention of valveoperating mechanism, and has for its object to simplify the parts ot' such engine, so that, in construction, parts that have, been in practice found Weak can be made strongerand the parts dificult to manufacture dispensed with, all the improvements combining to make a more perfeet machine in construction and operation.

My invention consists in improvements in, irst, the form and construction of the distributing-valve and the vcorrespondin g part of the piston, which, in conjunction with the valve, forms the exhaust-port from the upper end of the cylinder; second, in the construction of the inlet-passage leading from the port in the throttle-regulating valve to the interior of the cylinder; third, in the construction of the seating-shoulder of the piston,

and, fourth, in the construction and position of the exhaust-passage from the cylinder.

It consists, more particularly, in improvements in various parts of the improved form of direct-acting engines for which United States Letters Patent No. 384,186 were granted June 5, 1888, on the application of G. A. Barth, and to which reference is hereinafter made.

In the accompanying` drawings, in which like letters of referencedenote like parts in the several ligures, Figures l and 2 are longitudinal central sections of a small directacting engine adapted to be used as a handtool in various kinds 01": Work-such as chipping, stone-dressing, &c.'-showing, respectively, the piston at the upper and lower terminations of its stroke. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are transverse sections taken, respectively, von

lines 3 3, 4 et, 5 5, and 6 6 in Fig. l; and Figs. 7 and 8 are part longitudinal sections, taken as in Figs. l and 2, of the engine as described in the specification forming part of Letters Patent No. S8-186, showing the formof the distributing-valve and the part of piston operating conjointly therewith to form the exhaust-passage described therein.

The improvements herein described pertain to that type of direct-acting engines in Which there is combineda cylinder bored out concentrically to tivo different diameters for different port-ions of its length corresponding to the different diameters of the piston land piston-rod, a piston and piston-rod bored out centrally in part of their length, so as to provide a chamber to accommodate a cylindrically-formed distributing-valve, a distributing-valve reciprocating Within such chamber provided with suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages and controlling the action of said piston, a throttle or regulating valve admitting the motive iiuid to theA cylinder through suitable inlet-passages, a suitable outlet or exhaust passage, and means for removably securing a tool, so as to be conveniently used with the engine.

A represents the cylinder bored. out concentrically to two ldifferent diameters corresponding with the diameters of the piston B and piston-rod O and forming circular seating-shoulder c. The circular shoulder b at the lower end of the piston B, formed by the relatively-different diameters of the piston and the piston-rod C, is turned or beveled oft in part of its width. The object of this is to allow the live motive fluid, in acting on this shoulder, as it does in the return movement of the piston, an opportunity to get in under the same when the piston is at the end of its forward stroke or in the position as shown in Figs. 2 and 8. In the upper edge of the cylinder A a circular groove c (shown in Fig. 3) is cut, so as to provide a free passage-Way for the motive fluid from the inlet-port d in the cap end H of the cylinder to the several supply-passages e found in the Wall of the. cylinder A and leading to the circumferential recess or groove t' cut in the interior of the cylinder--casingV at a point in its length corresponding with the shoulder d, thereby allowing a free open supply-passage for the mo'- lOO . tive fluid -to the inlet-passages s and t. The

piston B and the piston-rod C are bored out centrally, forming a cylindrical chamber or cavity D, which extends from the upper end ofv the piston B to a suitable depth within the piston-rod, the lower end of which ismade solid, so as to form a hammer-head Z. The upper end ot' the chamber D is enlarged, and into it is iitted, so as to be flush with the end of the piston, the flat ring m, into the centralv opening of which is tted the upper diametrically-reduced end portion of a cylindrical distributing-valve E, which, to the extent of that portion of its length-below the shoulder formed by its reduced end,is fitted to and capable of vertical reciprocation within the chamberD,its reduced end entering and leavin gthe circular opening in the ring m in such move- 4ment, as shown, respectively, in' the different positions of the valve in Figs. l and 2, thereby closing and opening a passage from the top of the cylinder through the opening in the ring to the outlet-passages lc. The valve E is formed with a vertical central supply-passage n, extending from its upper open end to a suitable depth therefrom,inlet-passagesobeingformed" grooves t', cut in the surface of the piston-rod C, from the small central extension u of the chamberD to the live-duid recess i and the exterior atmosphere through the exhaust-passage o, respectively, when the piston is at the upper and lower. termination of its stroke. The exhaust-passage v is formed by a longitudinal groove cut on the inside of the wall of the extension of the cylinder A, into which the tool-chuck F is fitted for holding the tool w, and extends from the exhaust-chamber G to a point exterior thereto beside the tool, so as to direct the exhaust-fluid to where the tool is doing its work, using it as a blower' to clear the face of the work of the chippings or dust made by the tool.

The lower or closed end of the distributingvalve E is formed with a reduced extension or stem which is iitted into the reduced portion u ot the valve-chamber D, thereby confining in the reciprocating movement of the valve E air or steam between the bottom proper of the valve and the bottom proper of .the valve-chamber, making a cushion for or damper to the movement of the valve and still leaving enough surface on the end of the stem as for the motive fluid to act on in actuating the valve.

In the older form of valve, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the ring mwasformed with a sleeve-extension z, in which were formed the passages z', and the reduced portion of the distributing-valve E made correspondingly longer. In its recprocation the end of the valve was never withdrawn from the sleeve a', only having movement enough to uncover or open the passages 2. The objections to this form were these: the comparatively long reduced portion of the valve made it weak, and the ring, with the sleeve-extension and passages formed therein, was a piece very difficult to construct perfectly and liable to break. The improvement, as shown in Figs. l and 2, permits-of the reduced end portion being shortened, the metal being added to the body of the valve1 making it much stronger, and also the end of the valve, being altogether withdrawn from the ring, ai'ords a much more efficient and quicker-acting eduction-passage than the older form.

The circular groove c provides a free open passage fromt-he port d in the throttle-valve to .the induction-passages e, making it a matter of indifference in the working of the engine at what part of the circle of revolution the port d is stopped when the cap end H of the cylinder is screwed on, as shown in the drawings, thereby permitting it to be turned home and tight.

I claim- 1. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to two dierent diameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed with diameters corresponding with the different diameters ot the cylinder, a cap end secured to the end of the cylinder carrying a throttle-valve and port, a circular distribution-passage cut in the face end of said cylinder, so as to provide a free open passage from port in throttle-valve to induction-passages, a hollow distributing-valve reciprocating within said hollow space in piston, and suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, substantially as described.

2. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to two different diameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed with diameters corresponding, respect` ively, to the dierent diameters of the cylinder, the shoulder formed by the relatively different diameters of said piston and pistonrod being beveled in part of its width, a cap end secured to cylinder carrying a throttlevalve and port, a hollow distributing-valve reciprocating within said hollow space in piston, and suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to two different diameters, a tubular piston and piston rod formed with diameters corresponding, respectively, with the diiferent diameters of the cylinder, the hollow space in which is partly closed by a fiat ring, a cap end secured to the end of cylinder carrying a throttle-valve and port, a hollow distributing-valve reciprocat- IOO IIO

ing within said hollow space in piston formed with a short reduced end portion, which inV the reciprocating movement of said Valve enters and is withdrawn from the central open space in said ring secured in the end of pis# t0n, thereby 'closing and opening the passage from the top of the piston to the eductionpassages, and suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored out to two different diameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed with diameters corresponding with the different diameters of the cylinder, the hollow space within said piston and pistonrod being formed with a reduced extension in its lower or closed end, a cap end secured to cylinder carrying a throttle-valve and port, a tubular distributing Valve reciprocating within said chamber in piston provided with reduced projection extending into said reduced end portion of said chamber, and suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a direct-acting engine, the combination of a cylinder bored to two differentdiameters, a tubular piston and piston-rod formed With diameters corresponding, respectively, with the diierent diameters of the cylinder, a cap end secured to cylinder carrying a throttle-valve and port, a hollow distributing-valve reciprocating within said hollow space in piston and piston-rod, and suitable inlet and outlet ports and passages, said cylinderbeingextended and diametrically enlarged internally, forming an exhaust-chamber, into the end of which is secured the chuck for holding the tool and in the Wall of which is formed an exhaust or eduction passage leading to the exterior of the cylinder for conducting and directing the exhaust fluid t0 a point exterior to the engine convenient to make use of the exhaust-pressure, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have afxed my signature, in presence of two witnesses, thisth day of June, 1890.

PIERRE CHOUTEAU.

Vitnesses:

J. L. HoRNsBY, Jos. W. Cnooxns.