US605486A

US605486A - A -jl jojn

Info

Publication number: US605486A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-06-14
Anticipated expiration: 1915-06-14

Description

with

rares- PNEUMATIC HAMM ER.

`SIPECIFICA'J'JIGN forming part of Letters Patent No. 605,486, dated J' une 14, 1898. Application mea october 22,1897. serial No. 656,063. (No'mdetj l To all whom/ t mengpaneel/'n.-

Be it known that I,' HERMAN GEORGE KOT TEN, a citizenof the United States, residing at New York,.in the county, of NewYork, StateA of New York, have invented anewand useful Improvement in Pneumatic'Tools, whichim-V provement is fully set forth inthefollowing specification and accompanying drawings.

My invention consists of an improved construction of pneumatic tool in which a solid piston-hammer is employed; and it consists especially in a novel construction of exhaustports which are located in the chisel-bushing and communicate with the main exhaust, in combination with other ports and passages so arranged relatively toeachother that the hammer has a comparatively slowmovement away from the chisel or tool employed, but

has an exceedingly rapid or accelerated move; ment in the direction of said chisel.

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figures 1 and represent longitudinalsec tional views of a pneumatic .tool embodying my invention, showing the different positions which thepiston-hainmer thereof assumes at the commencement andenfdL of its stroke, respectively. Fig. 3 representsla section on line. fr Fig. 1,y showing the' relative positions of the. various ports.V and .passages in'the cylin' der or casing of the tool.

Similar numerals and letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

`Referring to the drawings, 1. designates a pneumatic tool, the same consisting of a suitable barrel or cylinder which has the inletport lX therein, said port communicating with the passages 2 and 3, which discharge into the vmain inlet-port 4t, in proximity to which is located an annulargroove or supply-chamber 5, whichextends around the interior periphery of the' cylinder, whereby no side pressure upon the piston-hammer A can exist and the same can reciprocate freely in either direction.;AM

6 designates an inlet-port communicating with the interior of the cylinder a short distance at one side of or to the right of the chamber 5, said port 6 leading into the passage 7 i andportS, which .opens into the 'cylinder near the chisel end of the hammer, in the present instance at appoint adjacent to the termination of thechisel-bushing 18.

j 1'1." designates a plurality of `exhaust-ports' lwhich'passfthrough'the chisel-bu'shin g 18 and communicate Vby the annular passage l2 with the main exhaust; passage 10, which discharges into the atmosphere through the ports 13, said exhaust-port 11 being controlled by the nose or projecting striking-face A of the piston-hammer AX,which latter consists of the enlarged portions B D F, which are connected by the grooves or reduced portions or necks O andE, said nose A entering the bore 18X of the chisel-bushing 1 8 when said hammer is near'the end of its stroke, it being noted that said nose moves entirely out of said bore 18 when near the other end of its stroke.

' 14 designates aninlet-port located a slight distance to one side of or to the left of the m-ain inlet-port 4 and communicating with the passage 15, which admits the motive fluid to the interior of the cylinder through the port 16,'lo'ca'ted' at the right-hand portion thereofl L i I 17 designatesa chisel or tool whichis held inthe chisel=bu"shing.18, said bushing being heldin position by means of a latch-pin 19 r` any other suitable fastening device."

i' .The operation isas follows :The fluid-supplypipe (not shown)f is ...connected with the inlet 1X of the cylinder, and the motive fluid entering the cylinder passes to the main inlet-port 4: and the annular supply-chamber 5. In Fig. 1 the piston-hammer A is shown at or near its extreme downward or left-hand position at the point where it contacts with the chisel or `tool 17, the chamber 5 being now in communication vwith the port 6 through the medium of the neck or groove E of said hammer. The motive fluid passes through hammer is in the position seen in Fig. 1, the exhaust-port 9, which is substantially onefourth the areaof port l1, is open and allows IOO the pressure within the cylinder upon theback or right-hand end of said hammer to escape through the passage 10 and port 13 into the atmosphere. The motive liuid after passing through the port 8 in the front of the cylinder drives the hammer upwardly or toward the right until said hammer closes the sup-` the port 12, passage 10, and the main exhaustport 13, leading to the atmosphere. At about this period vthe supply-chamber 'is in communication with the port'14, as indicated'in Fig. 2, by reason of the neck or groove C, and the motiveluid passes through the port 14 and passage-15 and enters the back or extreme right-hand end of the cylinder through the port 16, and the hammer isdriven forcibly and rapidly into contact with the chisel' or tool 17. I/Vhen the hammer is in the position indicated in Fig. 2, the exhaust-port 11 is open and permits all the air to escape from the front end of the cylinder out through the port 12, exhaust passage 10, and main exhaust-port 13 into the atmosphere. When the hammer in its downward stroke closes the supply-chamber 5, no more air can enter the back or right-hand end of the cylinder; but the expansion of the compressed air will drive the hammer downwardly until the latter contacts with the chisel or tool and at about this period opens the exhaust-port 9 again, the parts then appearing as seen in Fig. 1.

It will be evident that since the hammer in the above-described tool works only for onequarte'r of its stroke at a direct pressure and the remaining three-quarters of said stroke by expansion the tool uses the motive fluid very economically, and as the inlet-port 8 on the front end of the cylinder is but one-quarter the size of the inlet-port 16 on the back end of the cylinder and since the exhaustport 9 on the back or right-hand end of the cylinder is but one-quarter the size of the exhaust-ports 11 on the front or chisel end of the cylinder the hammer has a comparatively slow backward movement and a very rapid forward movement in the direction of the chisel or tool, thereby striking a very hard and rapid blow thereupon.

It will be noted that the supply-pipe issecured directly to the cylinder or casing without any extra inlet-piece or other fittings, thereby making a perfectly air-tight casing under all conditions.

. It will be understood that the terms right and left or front and back end of the tool are merely relative terms, the chisel end of the tool being termed the front and the opposite end the back end.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A pneumatic tool having its inlet-port in the front end of the cylinder, substantially one-quarter the size of the inlet-port on the back end of the cylinder, and the exhaustport on the back end of said cylinder substantially one-quarter the size of the exhaust-port on the front or chisel end of the cylinder and all of said ports being controlled by the piston-hammer, whereby a comparatively slow backward movement and a very fast forward movement of the hammer are obtained.

2. In a pneumatic tool, a cylinder having a piston-hammer therein, the striking-face or nose of said hammer being of reduced diameter, a chisel-bushing in which said nose has an air-tight fit when the hammer is inits ex- 'treme forward or downward position, an exhaust-port controlled by said nose and leading to the atmosphere, said nose being adapted to be moved out of said bushing and other inlet and exhaust ports whereby movement is imparted to said hammer.

3.y In a pneumatic tool, acylinder, a pistonhammer contained therein, said hammer consisting of the grooved portions or necks C, E, the solid portions B, D, F of greater diameter and the nose A of reduced diameter, in combination with inletand Vexhaust ports for admitting and exhausting the motive fluid to and from said cylinder, certain of' said exhaust-ports being controlled by the nose of said hammer.

4. In a-pneumatic tool, a cylinder and a main inlet-port having an enlarged supply-chamber communicating therewith, saidchamber being located within the interior periphery of the cylinder,whereby no side pressure on the hammer exists, and other inlet and exhaust ports located within said cylinder, in vcombination with a hammer having a nose of reduced diameter, said nose being adapted to control certain of said exhaust-ports.

5. In a pneumatic tool, a cylinder having a chisel-bushing secured therein, a piston-hammer having a nose adapted to have an airtight fit in said bushing, when said hammer is in its extreme forward position, an'exhaustport passing throughv said bushing, and communicating'with a main exhaust-passage in said cylinder, a main inlety and other inlet and exhaust ports for enabling motion to be imparted to said hammer.

6. A pneumatic tool, consisting of a cylinder having an inlet-port in the front end thereof, substantially one-quarter the-size of the inlet-port on the back end thereof, and an exhaust-port at the back end thereof substantially one-quarter the size of the exhaustport on the front or chisel end thereof, and a hammer in said cylinder provided with a reduced nose, the latter being adapted to control 'said exhaust-port at the chisel end of said cylinder.

7. In a pneumatic tool, a cylinder, a piston- IOO IIO

hammer contained therein and provided With a nose of reduced diameter, exhaustports in said cylinder controlled by said nose and' means for actuating said hammer.

8. In a pneumatic tool, a cylinder having a main inlet-port for the motive fluid, an enlarged supply-chamber communicating there- With, and located Within the interior periphery of said cylinder, a piston-hammer movable in said cylinder and provided With a reduced nose, a chisel-bushing in said cylinder, Which said nose is adapted to enter and an exhaust-port in said bushing controlled by said nose.

9. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a cylinder having a chisel-bushing with an exhaust-port therein, a piston-hammer having a nose of reduced diameter controlling said port, and means for reciprocating said hammer.

l0. In a pneumatic tool, the combination l1. In a pneumatic tool, a cylinder, a piston-hammer adapted to reciprocate therein,4

said hammer being provided With a projecting striking-face, an exhaust-port in said cylinder controlled by said striking-face and other ports controlled by said hammer for actuating the latter.

HERMAN GEORGE KOTTEN. Witnesses:

GERALD F. BIRD, ARTHUR D. WALKER.