US428687A - William j - Google Patents
William j Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US428687A US428687A US428687DA US428687A US 428687 A US428687 A US 428687A US 428687D A US428687D A US 428687DA US 428687 A US428687 A US 428687A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- potassium
- castings
- iron
- cyanide
- charcoal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001296 Malleable iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ORXDSIPBTFAEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocyanide Chemical compound N#C[Fe-4](C#N)(C#N)(C#N)(C#N)C#N ORXDSIPBTFAEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to improvements in converting malleable cast-iron into steel.
- The-object of the presentinvention is to improve the process of converting malleable cast-iron into steel, save time and fuel, and render the metal more ductile and homogeneous.
- the invention consists in using, in addition to the charcoal bath usually employed, a compound consisting of ferro-cyanide of potassium, cyanide of potassium,-and carbonate of potassium.
- the ingredients of the compound are mixed in the following proportions: Ferro-cyanide of potassium, three ounces; cyanide of potassium, one ounce; carbonate of potassium, two ounces.
- the 1 ingredients are pulverized and thoroughly mixed.
- a cast-iron box of the usual construction is employed,and in the bottom is placed a layer of fine charcoal, and the malleable iron castings are then placed in a layer upon the charcoal and the compound is sifted evenly over the castings.
- another layer of charcoal and a layer of castings are placed in the box and the compoundis sifted over the metal as before, and the castings are then covered by charcoal. This is continued until the box is full,- which is then cemented air-tight with clay and placed in a furnace and heated to a bright red heat and maintained at that temperature from six to twentyfour hours, according to the thickness of the castings to be converted.
- the process is designed to be employed in the manufacture of all kinds of edge-tools, hammers, small gearings, and the like where lightness and strength are required.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM J. MILES, J R, OF NEWTON, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR TO THE MILES OUTLERY AND MACHINE COMPANY, OF KANSAS, ILLINOIS.
COMPOSITION FOR CONVERTING MALLEABLE CAST-IRON INTO STEEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 428,687, dated May 27, 1890.
Serial No. 341,056. (No Specimens.)
To all whom, it may concern.-
Be it known that I, \VILLIAM J MILES, Jr.,
a citizen of the United States, residing at Newton, in the county of Harvey and State of Kansas, have invented a new and useful Composition for Converting Malleable Cast- Iron into Steel, of which the following is a specification.
The invention relates to improvements in converting malleable cast-iron into steel.
The-object of the presentinvention is to improve the process of converting malleable cast-iron into steel, save time and fuel, and render the metal more ductile and homogeneous.
The invention consists in using, in addition to the charcoal bath usually employed, a compound consisting of ferro-cyanide of potassium, cyanide of potassium,-and carbonate of potassium.
The ingredients of the compound are mixed in the following proportions: Ferro-cyanide of potassium, three ounces; cyanide of potassium, one ounce; carbonate of potassium, two ounces.
The 1 ingredients are pulverized and thoroughly mixed. A cast-iron box of the usual construction is employed,and in the bottom is placed a layer of fine charcoal, and the malleable iron castings are then placed in a layer upon the charcoal and the compound is sifted evenly over the castings. Then another layer of charcoal and a layer of castings are placed in the box and the compoundis sifted over the metal as before, and the castings are then covered by charcoal. This is continued until the box is full,- which is then cemented air-tight with clay and placed in a furnace and heated to a bright red heat and maintained at that temperature from six to twentyfour hours, according to the thickness of the castings to be converted. About six ounces of the compound is used to two hundred pounds of metal, the compound generating, together with the charcoal, carbon gases which unite with the metal in the box and covert the castings into steel that can be readily forged and welded and which is tough and homogeneous.
The process is designed to be employed in the manufacture of all kinds of edge-tools, hammers, small gearings, and the like where lightness and strength are required.
Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. The herein-described process of converting malleable cast-iron into steel, the same consisting in placing the castings in a metal box, sifting over them a compound of ferrocyanide of potassium, cyanide of potassium, and carbonate of potassium, surrounding the castings by layers of charcoal, and raising and maintaining the castings at a bright red heat, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The herein-described compound for converting malleable cast-iron into steel, the same consisting of ferro cyanide of potassium, cyanide of potassium, and carbonate of potassium in the proportions described, substantially as described.
In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own'I have hereto affixed my signaturein presence of two Witnesses.
IVILLIAM J. MILES, JR.
I'Vitnesses:
GRANVILLE P. WA'rsoN, HORACE W. HUBBARD.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US428687A true US428687A (en) | 1890-05-27 |
Family
ID=2497597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US428687D Expired - Lifetime US428687A (en) | William j |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US428687A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050090928A1 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-04-28 | Suzanne Gibson | Method and kit for modifying articles of clothing |
-
0
- US US428687D patent/US428687A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050090928A1 (en) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-04-28 | Suzanne Gibson | Method and kit for modifying articles of clothing |
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