US428287A - Fire place - Google Patents

Description

- 2 Sheets-Sheet I'. C. L. PAGE.

FIRE PLAGE.

(15o Model.)

- (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. C. L. PAGE.

PIRE PLAGE.

No. 428,287. Patented May 20, 1890.

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CHARLES L. PACE', or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNoR To CARRIE C.

CRCNISE, oFsAME PLACE.

FIRE-PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 428,287, dated May 20, 1890.

Application filed November 14, 1889. Serial No. 330,342. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, CHARLES LPAGE, a Citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Fire-Places, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a fire-place of an improved construction, which will render it, first, peculiarly effective in producing nearly perfect combustion of coal when that is the fuel employed; second, cleanly and comfortable in use, as compared with fire-places as hitherto constructed, by obviating all danger of the escape into the room of smoke, ashes, or gas third, capable.

of being set up in shallow chimneys, and, fourth, particularly free from danger in use to inflammable building material, which, especially in faultily-constructed houses, is apt to be placed in Close proximity to the chimney, and may therefore be in danger of ignition from fire-places as hitherto constructed.

To the above ends my invention consists in the general construction of myimproved fire-place; and it further consists in details of construction and combinations of parts, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a view in elevation of a fireplace embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, a broken view illustrating a vertical section taken centrally through the fire-place and. Showing it provided with a mantel; Fig. 3, a detail view in front elevation of theback of the fire-place; Fig. 4, a broken sectional view taken on the line 4c of Fig. 2 and viewed in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 5, an enlarged broken sectional view of the upper part of the fire-place 5 Fig. 6, a detail view in elevation of one of the side plates or jambs, and Fig. 7 a detail view in front elevation of the blower and upper damper.

A is the fire-place, of which B is the firepot, t the grate, C the ash-pit or space below the grate, and D the space above the fire-pot.

When the chimney in which the fire-place is set up is constructed with an ash-chute E, an ash-pan F, like that shown, is provided. It consists, preferably, of a basin fiaring toward the top, where it is provided with a iiange S, by means of which it is supported in the brick-work, as shown. Projecting downward from opposite ends toward the rear side of the ash-pan are brackets r r, and the bottom q of the'ash-pan which is separate from the latter, is provided with lugs or pivots q', which project from toward the rear edge of the bottom, and restin bearings in the brackets, as shown. The bottom or door q is provided with a counterweight q2, which extends back of the pivots and serves to maintain the bottom q normally closed.

Gr is the back of the lire-place, and comprises two walls p p', with one or more spaces o between them. The back may be of iron, fire-clay, soapstone, or other material which will withstand the action of heat, and is cast, preferably, in one piece, with openings 0, toward the lower end, extending through the wall p to the spaces 0, and openings 02,1eading out of the spaces at the top, the spaces with the openings affording flues for purposes hereinafter described. The back G rests upon the rear upper fiange of the ash-pan and extends parallel with the back of the chimney to a height above the horizontal median plane of the fire-place and a short distance from the back of the chimney to afford the airspace n between them.

Extending across the front of the -fire-place is a plate Il, having a shoulder or lugs m formed on its rear side toward the top."

I is a draft-regulating plate or register, of ordinary construction, which rests upon the lugs or shoulder m and extends obliquely upward and backward, (in practice about one and one-half inch back,) as shown. The grated front B of the fire-pot is preferably of iron, and may comprise parallel bars either horizontally or vertically disposed, or it may be of or in imitation of Woven strips, as indicated, the object being to afford openings, through which the fire may be exposed. The front B extends from the grate to a point above the median horizontal plane of the fireplace and inhorizontal line with the top of the back G. A frame K extends up the sides and across the top of the tire-place, and is formed at its upper side with a sill Z for the overlying brick to rest upon, a face-plate Z', and a hood L. The hood extends obliquely forward and downward in practice, preferably about four inches, and is closed at opposite ends bybracketsP. Side plates or jambs M extend upward from the tops of the front B and back G to the sill Z. They are shaped, preferably, as shown in Fig. 6, with the extensions 7c to go between-the ends of the sill and the adjacent brick-work to aid in holding` the jambs in place, and with bearings 7c and stops 752 and edges 7c3, which also operate as stops, Yfor purposes which will appear later on. The grate t is mounted on pivots t', to permit it to be upset in a common manner, and rests with its rear edge upon lugs i', formed upon the facep of the back G.

N is the blower, comprising a metal plate formed at one edge with a bead 71., from opposite ends of which extend lugs or pivots h', which rest in the bearings 71. of the jambs M. rllhe blower swings on its pivots across the top of the fire-pot B, and the tops of the front B and of the walls p p of the back are just below the are of the circle described by the lower edge of the blower in its swing.

Toward one or both edges of the blower is suspended a pivotal catch g, having the shoulder g and notches g2 g3, and upon the jamb M is a lug F, which projects into the path of the catch to engage the shoulder g or notch g2 or g3, to fasten the blower, respectively, with its lower edge coincident with the top of the front B, as shown in Fig. 5,"wall lp or wall p', as shown in Fig. 2.

P is a damper, made, preferably, in the form of a register, with its openings c extending to the upper edge. On the lower edge of the .damper are provided curved flat hooks d,

formed to fit around the bead h of the blower and to project through openings CZ in the latter adjacentto the bead. The damper P, thus hinged to the blower, extends beyond the opposite ends 0f the latter to rest, when swung to close it, against the edges 7e3 of the jambs, and when swung to open it against the stops 7a2.

Usually, except where especial provisions have been made for the accommodation of fire-places in houses, the chimneys are shallow and require deepening to receive the fireplaces hitherto applied. Owing to its shape my improved fire-place may be put into any ordinary chimney without necessitating deepening of the latter, and the air-spaces o and n, which intervene between the tire-pot and chimney-back, afford increased security over the constructions hitherto employed, while they obviate the necessity under any circumstances of lining the chimney-back with Iirebrick. Thus,also,in theconstruction of houses where fire-places are primarily contemplated, space may be saved by the use of my improved fire-place over that necessary in the employment of those of the old style.l The fire-pot being high and shallow, instead of the opposite, as hitherto, a greater comparative area of heating-surface, particularly when the fire is well underway, is exposed to the room. The desirability of this feature is especially face.

noticeable where, when coal is employed as the fuel, it is added to the fire, and being spread over the top cools the upper surface, and in fire-places otherwise constructed, consequently, the greater part Of the heating-sur- The front B being placed in practice, as stated, about an inch and a halfv back of the front of the fire-place, prevents the rays of heat from striking the wood mantel, if one be employed, and thus Obviates blistering or charring of the latter. Owing to the presence of the plate H', which, if desired, may be cast integral with the frame K, the iire-pot is raised above the floor-line a distance considerably greater than has been customary in fire-places hitherto and without detracting from the general appearance of the device. This construction is particularly valuable as a precautionary measure where, owing to faulty construction of the building, the wood iiooring or joists extend, as is frequently the case, into contact with or close to the base of the fire-place, and thus rendering danger of ignition imminent where the fire-pot stands as low as has been the practice hitherto.

In starting a fire in my improved lire-place, the fuel being placed in readiness for lighting, the blower N and damper P (the register of the latter being closed) are swung forward, the former being fastened by the catch or catches g, all as shown in Fig. 5. This causes the products of combustionto iow directly to the chimney and prevents the escape of any into the room. The fuel having become thoroughly ignited and the volume of escaping products of combustion suiiciently reduced, the adamper and blower are swung back to t-he positions shown in Fig. 2, the latter being held by the catch or catches against stops c, extending upward from the back of the wall p. When the damper and blower are thus arranged, the lire-plaeeis open and the lire exposed. The lines 0, besides affording air-spaces to aid in keeping down the temperature of the chimney-back, cause a constant supply of air to ow from the airspace C over the top of the burning fuel to aid combustion. The effectiveness of the air thus supplied is materially enhanced by the heating to which it is subjected in its passage through the space C and flues.

As ashes from the grate fall to the ash-pan F they upset the bottom q of the latter and drop into the ash-fine E, and as the' bottom closes immediately when relieved ofthe weight of the ashes the rise of any dust which is freed from the latter in its descentis checked. Dust set free in the space C is carried by the air-currents through the i'lues o over the name to the chimney, and thus prevented from reaching the room. In shaking down the ashes, especially when the fire is low or there is no re, the blower may be swung down coincident with the top of the wall p, which will cause the dust risingin the space Cto ascend through the flues o to the chimney direct.

The hood L, where a wood mantel is emn IOO IIO

IZO

ployed, shields the mantel-shelf from the rays of heat and aids in preventing the escape of the products of combustion to the room.

To reduce the draft-as, for instance, to' keep the lire over night-the damper P may be closed and its register opened a desired distance to permit the products of combustion to escape, and the blower left in the position shown in Fig. 2; or, to still further reduce the draft, the blower may be secured in the position coincident with the wall p. As the openings e of the register in the damper extend to the top when the register is opened and the damper closed, no gas can accumulate under the sill Z.

Constructed as shown in the drawings the fire-place is especially adapted for coal or coke. Vith slight modilication, however, it may be adapted to burn wood, hay, or any other desirable fuel.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a lire-place, the combination, with the ash-pit C and fire-pot B, having a front B', of the back G, for the ash-pit and iire-pot, eX- tending to a height corresponding. approximately with the height of the front B' and comprising walls p p', forming the intervening space o, affording a flue communicating near its base with the ash-pit and extending therefrom to the top of the walls, and directing means, as the blower N, adj ustably supported above the flue, and serving to direct at will air-currents from the flue over the iirepot or directly to the chimney, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a {ire-place, ablower N, mounted above the irepot to swing with its lower edge across the top of the latter, and fastening means for maintaining the lower edge of the blower coincident with the front or back of the firepot, substantially as described.

3. In a fire-place, the combination, with the front B and back G, having walls 19 p', with one or more iiues between them, of a' blower N, mounted above the fire-pot to swing with its lower edge across the top of the latter, and fastening means for maintaining the lower .edge of the blower coincident with the front substantially as .p p', with one or more flues between them, of

a blower N, pivoted above the lire-pot to swing with its lower edge across the top of the latl ter, and a pivotal latchg, provided with catches g', g2, and g3, to engage in turn a lug f on the adjacent jamb and secure the blower with its lower edge coincident with the front B', wall p, and wall p', respectively, substantially as described.

5. In a fireplace, the combination, with the blower N, pivoted at its upper edge to swing with its lower edge across the iire-pot, of a damper P, hinged to the upper edge of the blower, substantially as described.

6. In a fire-place, the combination, with the blower N, pivoted at its upper edge to swing with its lower edge across the fire-pot, of a damper P, hinged to the upper edge of the blower and provided with openings e and a register, substantially as described.

7. In a fire-place, the blower N, having a bead h along its upper edge, openings d' through it adjacent to the bead, and pivots h', whereby it is mounted above the iire-pot to swing with its lower edge across the'latter,

and a damper P above the blower, provided on its lower edge with hooks d, extending part way around the bead h and through the openings d', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a fireplace, the combination, with the lire-pot, of the j ambs M, extending above the fire-pot and provided with bearings k and stops k2 k3, the blower N, pivotally mounted at its upper edge in the bearings 7c to swing between the jambs, and the damper P, hinged to the upper edge of the blower to swing against the stops k2 k3 alternately, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

CHARLES L. PAGE. In presence of J. W. DYRENFORTH, M. J. FROST.

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