US42469A - Improved apparatus for vaporizing hydrocarbon liquids for illuminating - Google Patents

Description

v J; GRIFFIN. 4 APPARATUS FDR VAPORIZING HYDROOARBON LIQUIDS FOR ILLUMINATING.

No. 42,469. Patented Apr. 26, 1864.

fella o o u UNITED STATES PATENT T-Orricey JONATHAN cairn-in, or MERIDEN, .connnorroun' IMPROVED APPARATUS .FOR VAPOBIZING HYDROCARBOIN uoulns FOR 'l LLUM l'NAT'lNG-g stabi sat o forming as of Letters Pateut'na424eo, dated April 26, 1264.

To all whom it mag concern;

Be it known'that I, JONATHAN GRIFFImof' Meriden, in the county of New Have'n and State of Connecticut, have inyentednew' and useful Improvementsin Appara't'usjfor Vaporizin g 3 any Hydrocarbon rm 'Illu minatiug v Purposes; andI do herebydeclare the-follow ing to be afull, clear, and exact descri pt'ion' of the same, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the letters of referencel marked thereon, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in-- a Figure 1, a side View; rig. 2, a top view Fig. 3, a longitudinal section cutting through on 2 z,'Fig. 5 Fig. 4, the same as Fig. 2, with top removed; and Fig. 5, a transverse section cut-tingthrough a: 00, Fig. 2. V

Same letters and characters indicate like.

rated with the naphtha or other hydrocarbon. To these things I of course lay no claim.

I My invention relates, first, to an apparatus for distributing the atmospheric air under-the surface of the naphtha, so that vaporization may take place more quickly and uniformly than when freed in a considerable body underneat-h it and to prevent bubbling as it rises through the liquid, and, in connection with;

the apparatus, a bright-metal condensing plate, for collecting the impurities and the drip from the regulator, so as to carry them back to'the apparatus. o

- When the atmospheridair isfirst admitted to the chamber containing the fluid (fresh naphtha) instant and powerful vaporization commences, which, if not properly checked,

causes great pressure upon the burners, and as suddenly as it commences as suddenly the pressure subsides to a' certain and nearly equal pressure, or an unequal pressure or flow from the air-forcing apparatus will cause an unequal pressure and unsteady flo'w of gas at the burner.=. y

The second part of 'my invention is princi pally designed to overcome this'su'dden, un desirable, or unequal flow of gas, and consists in placinga sponge or similar porous elastic substanceiu a chamber through which the gas 'must pass upward in its passagefrom the vaporizing apparatus.- A sudden tlow ofgthc gas from any cause compresses the sponge or similar substance which compression. retards the" passage through the sponge, so that the greater the pressure upon the sponge or its equivalent the (proportionately). less freely the gas or vapor can pass through the sponge or the equivalent substance em 'ployed' forequalizing the pressure or flow. I

find the sponge also useful for another object of great ifnot equal iIDPQElIflllCG. The sponge 1 naturally contains andlretainsa certain de-' gree ofmoisture, which serves to condense the vapor in its passage through it and thus cleanse the vapor from such impurities or par;

ticles as may have escaped the action of the condenser-plate.

To more fully describe my iuvention, in the accompanying drawings, A is a box or case, constructed of metal or any other suitable material and ofdimerisions in proportion to thequantity of gas to be generated therein. I place an air-chamber, V, within thesaid box and resting on or near the-bottom of the same,

F (see Figs. 3 and 5,) its sides perforated. The

perforations at the center are small and gradually increase in size toward the ends, for the purpose hereinafter shown.

D is a conductor, leading to the said airchamber, through which atmospheric] air is forced to the air-chamber by means of any known device for the purpose. Above the airchamber I place a metallic plate, 0.. It may* and I prefer to have itrest upon the oair-chambar. The said plateC should nearly fill the case, but must leave a narrow space around its edge, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. Above the plate 0,1 place a second plate, E, resting upon proper supports, and placed so as to come below the surface of the fluid with which the case is to be partially filled. The said plate E should be nearly or quite as large asthe interior of the case, (see Figs. 3 and 5,) and finely perforated over its. whole surface, as

shown partially perforated in Fig. at, or a net work or web of wire might answer the same purpose, the object of which will be fully shown hereinafter. .Above said perforatedplate E, I

divide the space into 'twoparts by a perforated partition, F perforated inlike manner as the plate E an shown partially perforated need not extend below the said plate (3:, 1e;- eepting as it' serves to support the said plate. 'flhis said plaTe'G must be placed above "the; fluid, and the perforated partition F extends from the plate G to top. or cover'H, which is closely secured and properly packed ,topreveut the gas or vapor escaping from the case. 0ver.

- the'con'denser-plate G, Iplace a dome or equalizing-chamber, "I, between which and the condenser-plate 1 place a perforated plate, a.' Above the plate a I setin the dome a fine-network or gauze'ot' wire, 0., 'Thislies free in the dome. Near the top of the dome I fix another perforated plate L, and at the'top of the dome llor-in the outlet N for the gas to passofl'for consumption.

"The space S, betweenthe gauze or net-work sand the upper perforated plate, L, I fill with a coarsesponge or some substance of a simi- Jlnrcapacity. Hazel shavings are a very good equivalent, but from experiment Tas yet'pre sponge' t'obear againstthesurfaceofthe-dome.

fer sponge to auythin g l have tried.

' M y apparatus thusco'mplcte, l'fill (partially,

sa to the line denoted in blue, Fig. ,3)'witl1 petroleum, naphtha, or other hydrocarbon.

the-fluid should not be below theplate'F. Now,

force atmospheric air through the conductor D to the air-chamber B, which through the perforations in its sides distributes the same through the] whole of the fluid. The perforations in the air-chamber are made smalla't.

the. center and gradually increase, so as to equally distribute the, air for as the pressure is greater at or'near the center, the perfo- "rationsat that point are small and the pressure diminishing 'as'the air flows-from the center,

so the perforations increase in size'in like proportion. The atmospheric air thus distributed rises' arou'nd the edge-of the plate 0 through the fluidpand would naturally cause the fluid to bubble or "be otherwise agitated, which greatly "retards vaporization or other; wise injurionsly aflects it-vaporization being. best accomplished and most perfect :when the fluid-is in a state -of rest. To prevent-such agitation theperforated plate -E'is introduced,

which entirelyand perfectly accomplishes theohject; "In its passage up through the fluid,

the atmospheric 'air'becomes fully impregnated with the illuminating portion -'of the hydrocarbon which requires-to be purifiedfby condensation. For this purpose the'vaporor gas is passed through the upper part of the partition F over the condenserplateG. This said plate is bright and smooth, and in the flow of thevapor'over it condenses, so that theimpurities fall or adhere to the plate, and from thence run back to the fluid below.. From thence the partially-purified gas. passes up through the perforated plate a through the. sponges. The sponge naturally retains a degree of dampness, which serves to furthercoudense and more -perfectly purify the gas beou tletN'to the burners or receivers. The condensation drips from the sponge and passes ofias from the plate? The second part of my invention or the equalizer I will further explain. When the-sponge 'liesfree the 'gas 'will flow morejfreely through it than when "the sponge is compressed, so that when the flow or pressure is increased "the sponge is compressed by such increase of flow-or'pressure so that. the gas 'canno't flow through the sponge "so 'free, 'andthus prevents any action upon the gas 'beyond the sponge "by undue pressure hetero it. So if the pressure islessened the sponge'relaxes, toallowthe gas to "pass more freely through it, thus maintaiuing an equal pressure-upon=tihe gas-beyond the sponge. The plate 0 is placed above the sponge to allow more surface for the'gas to pass from the sponge thanvv would be were the Haviug fully described my inveutionywhat I claimi'asnew, and desire to secureby :Ize'tjtcrs 'Patent,'is A,

The submerged perforatcd-cbamber'iB, for the purpose of more'equally-and quietly ditfusing' the-atmospheric airthrough the whole-of the "liquid, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2; In combination with thesubmergedperforatcd "chamber B, the submerged plate "'0, to prevenb'bubbling or agitation of the liquifl, substantially as described.

(lensing-plate, "(h-between the. liquid in the -the-varying force of the passingvolums of vapor or vaporized air through it, and thus act as an equalizer of the'flow-o't gas, substantia'liy as described.

' JONATHAN entrain,

. "Witnesses:

JonN S. 1101mmstrain G. .T. GIBBONs'.

fore allow-ingit topass on and through the v '3. The interposition ofa'bright-metnl -conapparatus and the regulatororequalizer, for the purpose of collecting and 'return'ing'the stance that will contract and expand-under

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