US4237417A - Signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type - Google Patents

Signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US4237417A
US4237417A US05/963,760 US96376078A US4237417A US 4237417 A US4237417 A US 4237417A US 96376078 A US96376078 A US 96376078A US 4237417 A US4237417 A US 4237417A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
voltage
circuit
output
converter
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/963,760
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Akikazu Nishikawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DKK TOA Corp
Original Assignee
DKK Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DKK Corp filed Critical DKK Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4237417A publication Critical patent/US4237417A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02—Details
    • H04B3/44—Arrangements for feeding power to a repeater along the transmission line

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type, and more particularly to a signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type suitable for transmitting an output signal of a detector, such as for example a pH meter, a detector of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a liquid, and the like, for the purpose of remote measurement.
  • a detector such as for example a pH meter, a detector of the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a liquid, and the like, for the purpose of remote measurement.
  • One defect or disadvantage is the fact that it is very difficult to obtain stable operation of the transmitting and receiving circuits, because the input side and the output side of the transmitting circuit are not insulated for DC voltage and it is impossible to ground the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit independently.
  • Another defect or advantage is the fact that the construction of a four-line transmission line is unavoidably complicated.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type, wherein the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit are connected by a two-wire transmission line of simple construction which is used both as a transmission line of an output signal of the transmitting circuit and a supply line of operating power of the transmitting circuit, and the transmitting circuit is constructed to have a relatively simple construction and also the input side and the output side thereof are insulated for a DC voltage so that the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit can be grounded independently in order to operate both the transmitting and receiving circuit stably.
  • a signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type comprising a transmitting circuit which receive a DC input signal and generate an output signal which represents the magnitude of the input signal, a receiving circuit including a device for indicating or recording the output signal sent from the transmitting circuit and a DC power source connected in series with said device, and a two-wire transmission line connecting the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit to transmit the output signal from the transmitting circuit to the receiving circuit and also to supply energizing DC power from the receiving circuit to the transmitting circuit, wherein the transmitting circuit comprises a voltage-frequency converter which converts a DC input signal voltage to an alternating current having a frequency proportional to the magnitude of the input signal voltage; an AC amplifier circuit coupled to the output of said voltage-frequency converter through a first insulating transformer to amplify the AC output of the voltage-frequency converter; a frequency-voltage converter coupled to the output of said AC amplifier circuit to generate a DC voltage having a magnitude proportional to the frequency of the amplified AC output of the AC amplifier
  • the transmitting circuit of the signal transmission apparatus of this invention may be constructed to comprise additionally a summing amplifier circuit having an input of a DC voltage being detected or measured and an input of a DC voltage which has an adjustable predetermined value, the output voltage of said summing amplifier circuit is supplied to the voltage-frequency converter as a DC input signal, and the rectifier circuit coupled the output of the AC amplifier circuit through a second insulating transformer supplies operating DC power to said summing amplifier circuit and voltage-frequency converter and also provides said summing amplifier circuit a DC input voltage of adjustable predetermined value.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is the schematic connection diagram showing an embodiment of the signal transmission apparatus according to this invention.
  • the signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type shown in the drawing comprises a transmitting circuit including a summing amplifier circuit SA, a voltage-frequency converter V-F, an AC amplifier circuit ACA, a frequency-voltage converter F-V, a voltage-current converter circuit V-C and a rectifier circuit REC; a receiving circuit including a signal receiver SR, such as for example an indicating meter or a recording meter, and a DC power source ES connected in series with said signal receiver; and a two-wire transmission line L.
  • a transmitting circuit including a summing amplifier circuit SA, a voltage-frequency converter V-F, an AC amplifier circuit ACA, a frequency-voltage converter F-V, a voltage-current converter circuit V-C and a rectifier circuit REC; a receiving circuit including a signal receiver SR, such as for example an indicating meter or a recording meter, and a DC power source ES connected in series with said signal receiver; and a two-wire transmission line L.
  • the summing amplifier circuit SA consists of an operational amplifier Q 1 and operational resistors, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and has signal input terminals T 1 and T 2 connected to the positive and negative inputs of the amplifier Q 1 respectively through the resistor R 1 , and a DC voltage such as an output signal voltage of a detector such as for example a pH meter is supplied across the input terminals T 1 and T 2 .
  • a detector is a detector of the concentration of dissolved oxygen which generate an output signal current, a signal voltage which was obtained by converting said output signal current is supplied across the input terminals T 1 and T 2 .
  • the voltage-frequency converter V-F may be of conventional construction, and being coupled to the output of the summing amplifier SA to convert the DC output voltage of the summing amplifier circuit into an alternating current having a frequency corresponding to the magnitude of the DC output voltage.
  • the AC amplifier circuit ACA consists of an operational amplifier Q 2 and operational resistors R 5 , R 6 , and being coupled to the output of the voltage-frequency converter V-F through a first insulating transformer TR 1 to amplify the AC output of said converter.
  • the frequency-voltage converter F-V may be of conventional construction, and being coupled to the output of the AC amplifier circuit ACA to convert the amplified AC output of the AC amplifier circuit into a DC voltage having a magnitude corresponding to the frequency of the amplified AC output.
  • the voltage-current converter circuit V-C consists of an operational amplifier Q 3 , operational resistors R 7 , R 8 , a transistor Q 4 and a feedback resistor R 9 , and being coupled to the output of the frequency-voltage converter F-V.
  • the voltage-current converter circuit V-C performs a function to change the magnitude of a current flowing through its output circuit in response to the changes in the DC voltage applied to its input terminal.
  • the rectifier circuit REC consists of a pair of rectifying elements, such as diodes D 1 and D 2 or the like, and smoothing capacitors C 3 , C4, and being coupled to the output of the AC amplifier circuit ACA through a coupling capacitor C 2 and a second insulating transformer TR 2 to rectify a portion of the AC output of said amplifier circuit and to induce a DC voltage across the positive output terminal +E and the negative output terminal -E thereof.
  • junction point of a resistor R 10 and a zener diode Z connected in series between the positive output terminal +E and the common output terminal COM of the rectifier circuit is connected to the positive input of the operational amplifier Q 1 , and the common output terminal COM is connected through the operational resistor R 3 to the negative input of the amplifier Q 1 , so that the DC voltage of a constant value across the zener diode Z is supplied to the amplifier Q 1 as an additional DC input voltage.
  • the positive and negative output terminals +E and -E of the rectifier circuit REC are connected respectively to the positive and negative B terminals +B and -B of the operational amplifier Q 1 and the voltage-frequency converter V-F to energize the amplifier Q 1 and the converter V-F by the DC output voltage of the rectifier circuit.
  • the output terminals T 3 and T 4 of the transmitting circuit are connected through the two-wire transmission line L to the input terminals T 5 and T 6 of the receiving circuit, across which the signal receiver SR and the DC power source ES are connected in series.
  • the positive B terminals of the operational amplifiers Q 2 , Q 3 and the frequency-voltage converter F-V are connected respectively to the terminal T 3 , and the terminal T 3 is also connected to the positive input terminal of the amplifier Q 2 through a coupling capacitor C 1 .
  • a DC operating voltage is applied from the DC power source ES to the operational amplifiers Q 2 , Q 3 , the frequency-voltage converter F-V and the transistor Q 4 of the transmitting circuit through the two-wire transmission line L, by closing a power switch (not shown) suitably arranged in the receiving circuit.
  • a pulse voltage induces by the closing of the power switch is supplied through the coupling capacitor C 1 to the positive input of the amplifier Q 2 to start the operation of the amplifier Q 2 , and a pulse voltage appearing on the output of the amplifier Q 2 is supplied through the coupling capacitor C 2 and the transformer TR 2 to the input of the rectifier circuit REC, and consequently a DC voltage appears across the output terminals +E and -E of the rectifier circuit.
  • the operational amplifier Q 1 and the voltage-frequency converter V-F are energized by a DC voltage appeared on the output terminals +E and -E of the rectifier circuit REC, and a DC voltage appearing across the zener diode Z is supplied to the input of the amplifier Q 1 to start the operation of the amplifier Q 1 .
  • the DC voltage appeared on the output of the amplifier Q 1 is converted by the converter V-F into an alternating current and supplied to the input of the rectifier circuit REC through the AC amplifier circuit ACA, the capacitor C 2 and the transformer TR 2 , so that the rectifier circuit can generate, after a several cyclical repeat of above mentioned operation, a DC voltage of a magnitude sufficient to operate continuously the amplifier Q 1 and the converter V-F in a steady state.
  • a DC input signal voltage from a detector such as a pH meter or the like is supplied to the input terminals T 1 and T 2 , and the DC output voltage of the amplifier Q 1 having a magnitude corresponds to sum of the value of the input signal voltage and the value of a constant DC voltage provided by the zener diode Z is supplied to the converter V-F and is converted into an alternating current of a frequency proportional to the magnitude of the output voltage of the amplifier Q 1 .
  • the alternating current generated by the converter V-F is supplied to the operational amplifier Q 2 through the transformer TR 1 , and is amplified.
  • the amplified AC output of the amplifier Q 2 is supplied to the frequency-voltage converter F-V and is converted into a DC voltage having a magnitude proportional to the frequency of the AC output of the amplifier Q 2 .
  • the DC output voltage of the converter F-V is amplified by the operational amplifier Q 3 and then is supplied to the base of the transistor Q 4 to change the current flowing through the collector-emitter circuit of the transistor Q 4 in response to the changes in the magnitude of the DC output voltage of the amplifier.
  • the direct current supplied from the receiving circuit to the transmitting circuit through the two-wire transmission line L is changed in response to the changes in the DC output voltage, which correspond to the change in the DC input signal voltage applied to the input terminals T 1 and T 2 of the summing amplifier circuit SA, and thus the magnitude of the DC input signal voltage is indicated or recorded by the signal receiver SR arranged in the receiving circuit.
  • the voltage drop produced in the feedback resistor R 9 connected in series in the collector-emitter circuit of the transistor Q 4 is negatively fed back to the positive input of the amplifier Q 3 through the resistor R 8 , and it is possible to attain a very stable voltage-current converting operation of the converter circuit V-C.
  • a portion of the amplified AC output of the operational amplifier Q 2 is supplied through the coupling capacitor C 2 and the transformer TR 2 to the input of the rectifier circuit REC, and a DC voltage of a magnitude sufficient to keep the amplifier Q 1 and the converter V-F in their steady operating state and to provide by the zener diode a constant DC input voltage to the amplifier Q 1 can be obtained on the output terminals +E and -E of the rectifier circuit REC, and thus it is possible to operate the amplifier Q 1 and the converter V-F continuously without feeding to these elements a DC operating power directly from the DC power source ES in the receiving circuit through the two-wire transmission line L.
  • a summing amplifier circuit SA consists of an operational amplifier Q 1 and four operational resistors R 1 -R 4
  • an AC amplifier circuit ACA consists of an operational amplifier Q 2 and two operational resistor R 5 , R 6
  • any summing amplifier circuit and AC amplifier circuit of the conventional constructions may be used respectively in place of said amplifier circuits SA and ACA.
  • any of well known full wave rectifier circuits of the conventional constructions or a conventional voltage doubling half wave rectifier circuit may be used in place of the voltage doubling full wave rectifier circuit REC shown in the drawing.
  • the signal transmission apparatus of this invention has advantageous effects, as compared with the signal transmission apparatus which has been hitherto commonly used, in the points that (1) the construction of the transmission line has been simplified because a two-wire transmission line is used to transmit both signals and operating DC power, (2) the construction of the transmitting circuit has been simplified because the transmitting circuit is constructed by a small number of circuit elements which have conventional construction and are available in the market, and (3) it is possible to use the apparatus for transmitting a detected DC signal in the remote detection or measurement of pH value of a liquid or the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a liquid without affecting the operation of the detector, even if a detector such as a pH meter or the like which as detection electrode on of which being grounded through a liquid to be detected is connected between the signal input terminals T 1 and T 2 of the transmitting circuit, because the signal input terminals T 1 and T 2 are insulated DC voltage by the insulating transformers TR 1 and TR 2 from the DC power source ES connected to the output terminals T 3 and
  • the signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type is suitable to use for transmitting a detected DC signal in the remote detection or measurement of the value of a liquid, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a liquid and so forth.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
US05/963,760 1978-04-18 1978-11-27 Signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type Expired - Lifetime US4237417A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP4560278A JPS54137368A (en) 1978-04-18 1978-04-18 Twoowire signal transmission device
JP53/45602 1978-04-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4237417A true US4237417A (en) 1980-12-02

Family

ID=12723891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/963,760 Expired - Lifetime US4237417A (en) 1978-04-18 1978-11-27 Signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US4237417A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS54137368A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02174547A (ja) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-05 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Ｄｃブラシレスモータ

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3246309A (en) * 1963-11-08 1966-04-12 Honeywell Inc Control and indication apparatus
US3503261A (en) * 1967-11-01 1970-03-31 Fischer & Porter Co Resistance to current converter
US3517556A (en) * 1967-05-02 1970-06-30 Monsanto Co Resistive-type temperature-to-current transducer
US3538355A (en) * 1968-05-27 1970-11-03 Rosemount Eng Co Ltd Current transmitter responsive to a d.c. isolated voltage signal
US3562729A (en) * 1967-09-08 1971-02-09 Honeywell Inc Two wire mv./v. transmitter
US3675122A (en) * 1969-10-27 1972-07-04 Rosemount Eng Co Ltd Two-wire current transmitter employing a stabilized current source in one electrical circuit containing control means in series therewith for controlling a direct current amplifier contained in a parallel circuit
US3680384A (en) * 1968-08-20 1972-08-01 Rosemount Eng Co Ltd Two wire telemetry system
US3859594A (en) * 1967-08-21 1975-01-07 Rosemount Inc Two wire current transmitter responsive to a resistance sensor input signal
US3867694A (en) * 1972-10-12 1975-02-18 Wandel & Goltermann Monitoring circuitry for amplitude-measuring system

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3246309A (en) * 1963-11-08 1966-04-12 Honeywell Inc Control and indication apparatus
US3517556A (en) * 1967-05-02 1970-06-30 Monsanto Co Resistive-type temperature-to-current transducer
US3859594A (en) * 1967-08-21 1975-01-07 Rosemount Inc Two wire current transmitter responsive to a resistance sensor input signal
US3562729A (en) * 1967-09-08 1971-02-09 Honeywell Inc Two wire mv./v. transmitter
US3503261A (en) * 1967-11-01 1970-03-31 Fischer & Porter Co Resistance to current converter
US3538355A (en) * 1968-05-27 1970-11-03 Rosemount Eng Co Ltd Current transmitter responsive to a d.c. isolated voltage signal
US3680384A (en) * 1968-08-20 1972-08-01 Rosemount Eng Co Ltd Two wire telemetry system
US3675122A (en) * 1969-10-27 1972-07-04 Rosemount Eng Co Ltd Two-wire current transmitter employing a stabilized current source in one electrical circuit containing control means in series therewith for controlling a direct current amplifier contained in a parallel circuit
US3867694A (en) * 1972-10-12 1975-02-18 Wandel & Goltermann Monitoring circuitry for amplitude-measuring system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS54137368A (en) 1979-10-25
JPS6211399B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1987-03-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4255704A (en) Zero crossing detection and electronic compensation of D. C. saturation magnetization in current transformers used in watthour meter installations
US4255705A (en) Peak detection and electronic compensation of D. C. saturation magnetization in current transformers used in watt hour meter installations
US4360879A (en) Power measuring device
JPS6237440B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US4264861A (en) Electronic ampere-hour meter
US4420753A (en) Circuit arrangement for the transmission of measurement value signals
GB1076681A (en) Improved electrical measuring apparatus
US4317116A (en) Arrangement for the generation of a signal in proportion to a capacity
US4833393A (en) Circuit arrangement for capacitance or admittance measurement
US3821642A (en) Corrosion measuring bridge circuit having automatic controlled constant source of energy and temperature compensation
US3775683A (en) Electrical power measuring device
US4237417A (en) Signal transmission apparatus of two-wire type
CA2209208C (en) Circuit for transmitting a measurement current from an intrinsically safe sensor to a non-intrinsically safe area
US3525936A (en) Electrostatic voltage follower circuit for use as a voltmeter
EP0061484A1 (en) CIRCUIT FOR CONVERTING A NON-MOBILE ZERO CURRENT SIGNAL INTO A MOBILE ZERO CURRENT OUTPUT SIGNAL.
JPS63166000A (ja) センサーの測定値送信用装置
US4286225A (en) Isolation amplifier
US4089219A (en) Bi-directional output electromagnetic flowmeter
US5280242A (en) Apparatus for detecting a fine magnetic field with characteristic testing function of a DC squid
US4030014A (en) Current-to-current electrical isolator
JPS5918768Y2 (ja) 二線式信号伝送装置
US2342629A (en) Coupling circuit
SU1474561A1 (ru) Устройство дл измерени удельной электрической проводимости морской воды
SU1307361A1 (ru) Измерительный преобразователь переменного напр жени в посто нное
EP0025077B1 (en) A two-wire remote measuring system