US422968A - Electrically-controlled elevator - Google Patents

Electrically-controlled elevator Download PDF

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US422968A
US422968A US422968DA US422968A US 422968 A US422968 A US 422968A US 422968D A US422968D A US 422968DA US 422968 A US422968 A US 422968A
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car
wire
magnet
circuit
switch
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
    • B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
    • B66B1/08—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. handles or levers, in the cars or cages for direct control of movements

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  • This invention relates to a novel system for electrically controlling the movement or travel of a car or carriage from one point or station to another or distant point or station, and has for its object to provide suitable mechanism, as will be described, whereby the movement of the car or carriage may be automatically controlled from any one of a series of stations or stopping points, and also, it so desired, from the car itself.
  • My invention is especially'adapted, among other things, to be applied on elevators of any usual or well-known construction, such as now commonly in use; and, in order that my invention may be readily comprehended, I shall specifically describe its operation when applied to an elevator.
  • the motor mechanism employed to raise the elevato r-car which mechanism may be of any usual construction, is governed, as herein shown, by two electro-magnets in an electric circuit extended through the elevator-car and provided with a manual switch carried bythc ear to be operated by a person on the car, and with an automatieally-operated switch also carried by the car and which is operated outside the car at a predetermined point.
  • the operation of the automatically-operated switch may be controlled, as will be described, either from within or on the car, and also from a given station or point outsidethe said car as, for instance, at a floor of the building in which the elevator is located.
  • a switch provided, as herein shown, with two contactpoints, one of which co-operates with a terminal of a circuit connected to the electro-magnets controlling the motor mechanism, the other terminal being in circuit with an auxiliary magnet controlling a cam which, when in position, as will be described, actuates the automatically-opcrated switch on the car to break the main line or circuit and stop the movement or travel of the car at that station or landing.
  • the circuit of the motor-operating magnets connected. to the switch at the station or floor referred to has located in it a movable circuitcontroller operated, as will be described, by a cam or projection carried by the car to control the circuit of one or the other of the main line magnets, so that when the switch at the floor or station is closed the circuit of that one of the main-line magnets is closed which will. operate the motor mechanism to send the elevator-car to the station or floor at which the said switch was closed.
  • the circuit of one of the main-line magnets is momentarily closed when the switch at the floor or station or on the car is closed, and the continuity of the magnet-circuits to operate the motor is maintained, as will be described, even aft-er the switch at the floor or station is opened, the said main-line circuit being maintained closed until positively opened either by a manual switch or by the auto matically-operated switch carried by the car.
  • My invention therefore consists, essentially, in the combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage to control the operation of the motor mechanism from the car, a manual switch and an independent automatic switch earried by the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as will be described;
  • Figure 1 is a diagram represel'iting a suiiicient-portion of an elevator, one form of operatin g mechanism therefor, and the electrical devices for controllin the operating mechanism in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram represel'iting a suiiicient-portion of an elevator, one form of operatin g mechanism therefor, and the electrical devices for controllin the operating mechanism in accordance with my invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top or plan view, partially broken out, of a sufficientportion of the motor mechanism and the electrical device controlling it to enable my invention to be understood.
  • Fig. 3 is a section of the motor mechanism shown in Fig. 2 on line at as looking toward the right; Fig. 4, a side view of a part of the motor mechanism and its operating-magnets shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a detail of one form of operating-magnet.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional detail showing the bottom of the elevator-car and a portion of the side wall of the elevatorwell; Fig. 7, a detail showing the bottom of the elevator-car and a portion of the elevatordoor; Fig. 8, a modified form of the selecting device carried by the car; Fig.
  • FIG. 9 a rear side view of the device shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10, a detail representing successive floors of the elevator-well; Figs. 11, 12, and 13, details to be referred to; Fig. 1i, an enlarged detail of the selecting device carried by the ear; Fig. 15, a rear elevation of the selecting device shown in Fig. 1e; Fig. 16, a front elevation of the device situated at each landing for controlling the elevator at the landing; Fig. 17, a section of the device shown in Fig. 16 on line a" at; Fi 18, a section of the device shown in Fig. 16 on line 1 y; Fig. 19, a diagram of a modification to be referred to; Fig. 19, a section on line p 1 Fig. 19; and Figs. 20 to 22, inclusive, modifications embodying the principle of my invention to be referred to.
  • the elevator-car A herein represented as a passenger-car provided with the usual door A, is suspended in an elevator-well A by preferably metallic or wire cables a a (t the cables to a being passed about suitable sheaves at the top of the building and connected to counterbalaneing-weights a and the cable a being passed about the sheaves at the top of the building and connected to a drum to, all substantially as with elevators as now commonly constructed.
  • the elevatorear A is raised by a motor mechanism, herein shown, of that class known as the belt system, consisting of a straight belt a passed, about a pulley a (see Fig. 2) on a driving-shaft a and about a similar pulley on-the shaft of of the drum a and of a cross-belt a on a pulley a on a shaft a in line with the shaft c the said cross-belt being passed about a pulley e on the shaft a opposite to the pulley about which the belt a is passed.
  • the shaft a is provided with a fast pulley (L -311d a loose pulley a, and the shaft e is provided with a fast pulley a.
  • the loose pulley a is engaged by a belt (0", passed about a drum or pulley a", on a shaft (4 connected by a belt a with a pulley (L20 (see Fig. 1) on the crankshaft o? of the engine, the said crank-shaft being rotated through the connecting-rod (L22 and piston-rod a of an engine a, which may be of any usual or desired construction.
  • the shaft (L18 is provided with a pulley Z), connected by a belt I) (see Fig. 2) with a pulley b on a shaft 1), having journals in suitable bearings Zr. (See Fig. 3.)
  • the shaft is provided on opposite sides of its center with a right and left screw-thread or worm ZN), with which co-operate pallets or fingers D b on opposite ends of an armature carrying bar U,
  • each set of magnets as herein shown, comprising two magnet-coils.
  • Each magnet-coil has its front pole-piece extended beyond the face of the magnet, and the said pole-pieces have cooperating with them armatures b b", secured to or forming part of the bar Z)".
  • the armatures 11 Z) are normally held away from their pole-pieces, as herein shown, by a spring Z2", (see Fig. 3,) acting on the bar I).
  • the coils of the magnets b b are wound continuously, and one end of the wires of the said magnets are joined together and, as herein shown, connected to one pole of the battery 13 (see Fig. 1) by wire I), the said wire, as shown, being connected to the negative pole of the battery B.
  • the opposite end of each wire of the magnets is grounded or connected to the yokes or cross-bars b If, connecting the cores of the said magnets. (See Figs. 1 and 5.)
  • the positive pole of thebattery is connected by wire 0, as shown in Fig. 1, to the shaft a and the circuit from the shaft a to the ele- Vator-car may be traced through the metallic drum a and wire cable or rope a to the bolt 0' on the elevator-ear and from the bolt 0 by wire 0 to one portion or section 0 of the metallic rail, upon which run the metallic wheels 0 c of the car-door, as clearly shown in Fig. 7.
  • the electrical circuit through the rail referred to is broken,preferably, by a piece a of insulation interposed between the sections 0 and c of the said rail, the circuit-from the rail-section 0" across the insulation e being traced through the wheel 0" to wheel 0 of the door by wire 0 connecting said wheels.
  • the railsection c" has connected to it a wire 0 having its other end connected to a spring-arm c, secured, at 0 (see Fig. 6,) to the bottom of the car and having its free end normally engaged by a spring-actuated pawl 0 on a bar 0 carried by a lever c, pivoted to the bottom of the car, the bar a being provided at its outer end with a roller 0, for a purpose as will be described.
  • the spring-arm e constitutes one member of an automatically-operated switch, the cooperating member of which is herein shown as an arm 0 secured to the bottom of the car, as by screws 0 which also secure to the car a second arm e extended substantially at right angles to the 'arm 0 and substantially in line with the pawl c the end of the arm 0 being beveled or inclined to engage the rounded or inclined part of the pawl a to to the bolt 0 to which the wire cable a is se- The wire cable a is connectedby wire on red.
  • the arbor (Z has loose on it a preferably metallic bar (1 provided with a handle of insulating material, the said bar forming a common contact member for the contact-pieces d d.
  • the bar (Z is 0011- nected by wire (1 to the wire 0 and the switch or contact-piece dis connected by wire (1 to a contactarm (1 secured to the car and in contact with va metallic bar or guide (1 which is herein shownas broken at its upper end near the top of the building and provided with a strip d" of insulating material, for a purpose to be described.
  • the guide-bar c below the strip d is connected by wire (I to the yoke or cross-bar If of the magnet b (marked in the drawings the up magnet.)
  • the switch. or contact member (1' is connected by wired to a contact-arm d carried by the car and normally in. contact with a guide-bar d on the opposite side of the elevator shaft or well, as shown in Fig. l.
  • the guide-bar d is broken at its lower end or near the bottom of the elevator-well and electrically separated by the strip (1 of insulating material.
  • the upper portion of the bar (Z is connected by wire (1 to the yoke or cross-bar I) of the magnet 19 (marked in Fig.
  • the selecting device or pointer d co-operates with a series of numbers indicating the floors or landings of the buildin g in which the elevator is located.
  • the shaft (1, )referably below the car-floor, is provided with a segmental gear at, (see Fig. 6,) in mesh with a rack-bar e movable in suitable guides e secured to the cai floor.
  • the rack-bar ef" has secured to or forming part of it a spring arm or extension e, secured to a rod or bar e provided'at one end with a roller a, normally resting against the lever 0 the bar 6 at its opposite end being provided, preferably, with a roller extended beyond the side of the car.
  • the bar 0 which is connected to the lever c, is preferably surrounded by a spiral spring 0, which acts against suitable guides secured to the carfloor and against a collar on the said bar to force the latter out into its normal position and bring the roller 0 on the end of the said bar outside of the car.
  • the side wall of the elevator in which the doors of the dilferent landings are located is provided at each landing, near the doorway thereof, with a projection or stud f, (marked 1, 2, 3, and t in Fig. 10,) with which co-operates the roller 6, as will be described.
  • the spring-arm c and its co-operating bar 0 constitute the automatically operated switch carried by the elevator-car, as described, and the switches (Z and d and also the car-door constitute manual switches carried by the ear,
  • Vt ith the apparatus constructed as thus described the ascent and descent of the elevator-car. may be controlled from within the elevator as, for instance, let it be supposed that it is desired to ascend.
  • the operator on the car closes the circuit of the up switch by moving the handle of the bar (Z toward the left, as shown in Figs.
  • the belt a is shipped from its loose pulley a 'to the fast pulley e which. is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow thereon in Fi 2.
  • the belt a is brought into engagement with the fast pulley (0 the pulley e is rotated, and the belt a thereon made to travel in direction of arrow 30, Fig. 1.,thereby winding the drum min the direction of arrow 31 and hoisting the elevator.
  • circuit of the up magnet is now broken on p be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a", drum (0, cable a to the car, wire 0 rail 0 wheel 0, wire 0 wheel a, rail 0 wire c spring-arm 0", arm 0 wire 0 to the bolt 0 thence by cable a, wire 0 and contact-arm 0 guidebar c, and wire to the armature-carrying bar I), through the armature b core of the magnet I), then through the coils of themagnet and wire U to the negative pole of the battery.
  • the circuit may be broken by one of the projectionsf on the wall of the elevatornvell, it acting on the roller a so as to force the said roller and its bar outward, or in the direction of arrow 20, Fig. 0, and thus automatically remove the spring-arm e from contact with the arm 0 thereby breaking the said circuit at that point.
  • the operator on the car selects through the pointer (Z which projection f shall break the cireuit-as, for instance, if he desires to go to the third floor he turns his pointer or selecting device until it registers with the number 3 on the dial indicating the third floor.
  • the pointer (Z is turned a bar (1' is also turned, and the shaft (1 is rotated through the gears (Z (1 and the rack-bar 6"", through the segmental gear 6, is moved along in its guides 6 until the roller 6 stands or is brought in line with the projection f marked 3, which projection, as has been stated, is so located with relation to the third landing that when the roller e meets the projection f marked 3 the door of the elevator-car will be substantially opposite the door on the landing.
  • the roller 2 is acted upon by the projection f marked 3 and the bar 6 is moved in the direction of arrow 20, the said bar acts on the lever 0 and moves the said lever and the bar 0 carried by it in the direction of arrow 20, thereby carrying the spring-arm c away from its co'operating contact-arm c and breaking the circuit of the up magnet at that point, as described.
  • the pawl c is moved outward by the inclined end of the arm a and is disengaged from the spring-arm 0", thus permitting the latter to fly back and again make electrical connection with the arms 0 closing the cir cuit of the up magnet at that point.
  • the elevator is now supposed to be stationary and opposite the third floor of the building, and if it is desired to descend the switch (1' will be closed, thus magnetizing the down magnet (J the circuit being traced as follows: from the the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum a, cable a wire 0 rail 0 wheels 0 a, rail 0 wire 0 through the automatic switch, wire 0 branch wire (1, wire (1, contact-arm (Z guide-bar (Z wire (1 to the yoke 11* of the magnet b, thence through the coils of the said magnet to the negative pole by wire I).
  • the bar (1 will be moved until the pointer (Z registers with the number indicating such floor, and the roller 6 will be thus placed in. position to be acted upon by the projection fat the selected floor, the said projection acting on the said roller to break the circuit of the down magnet at the automatically-operatcd switch c" carried by the car.
  • each landing a switch 75, provided with two contact-terminals 79' 75 which co-operate with contact-terminals7t 7;".
  • the contact-terminal has connected in circuit with it an electro-magnet 7;, which is connected by wire it with the wire I), leading to the negative pole of the battery.
  • the contact-terminal k is connected by wire 7: with a wire 70, having one end connected to a guide bar or' red 7a, with which co-operates a contact member 7a joined by wire It to the cable a, which is connected by a wire 7.
  • the contact-terminal 7c is connected by wire 73 to the wire 0 and the contact-terminal 7& co-operating with the terminal is, is connected, as herein shown, by wire k to a cam'switch (herein shown as a pivoted rocker L located in a suitable case if, Figs. 17 and 18, in which the magnet k is placed.
  • the rocker 73 is preferably provided with two spring-arms 75 73 which cooperate with pins or studs L k, Fig. 18, connected, respectively, by wires U If, Fig. 1, with the wires (Z and (Z The rocker 7J co-operates with a projection on a leyer 7.3 Fig. 18, pivoted as ICC IIO
  • the cam-- lever 75 is provided with two oppositely-in.- clined faces 36 37, with which co-operates the roller 0 Fig. 6, on the bar 0 carried by the elevator-car.
  • the rocker 11 is acted upon by a fixed roller or projection i (see Fig. 6,) which is carried by the car.
  • the circuit of the down magnet through the switch on the first floor may be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum a, cable aiwire 0 through the car-door, as described, wire 0 automatic switch, wire 0 cable Ct, wire contact-arm e guide-bare, wire 0 wire 70 terminals 7e 7e ,wire 7e rocker 75 spring 0 pin k wire le and wire (i to the yoke 11 of the magnet, thence through the magnet I) to the negative pole of the battery.
  • the switch 70 on the first floor is closed and the magnet Z2 energized the armature b, Fig. 3, of the said magnet is attracted and the circuit of the magnet I) is maintained closed, as above described.
  • the roller k on the downward movement of the elevator acts on the rocker W at the third and second floors and moves them from the position indicated by dotted line in Fig. 18 to their full-line position, closing the circuit of the up magnet at the spring-arm 70 and pin is.
  • the circuit of the down magnet is broken, as herein shown, by the insulated strip (1 and the down magnet B is deniagnetized and the belt a placed in contact with the loose pulley a;
  • the circuit of the up magnet at the top of the elevatorwell maybe broken in a similar manner by the insulated strip d in the guidebar (1 when the elevator is at the topof the well.
  • the elevator-car may be started and stopped not only on the car itself, but also from any desired point or station in the travelof the caras, for instance, at any desired landing.
  • Fur thermore it will be noticed that the car automatically operates a switch at the landing, which switch is shown in the present instance as a rocker, so that the said car in its travel by a landing in either direction leaves the said switch in such position as to close the circuit at the said switch of the magnet necessary to be operated to bring the said car to the desired landing or station.
  • This is especially advantageous in apartmenthotels, as the elevator can be run without the employment of an attendant in the car.
  • the axle m is electrically divided, as by insulation m,into two parts, (marked '70 71,) and the axiom is electrically divided in a similar manner into two parts 72 73.
  • the car is driven by a motor m herein shown asa compornnbwound electric motor, one wire m being connected to one coil 81 of amagnetm and the other wire on being connected to one coil 80 of themagnet m
  • the magnets m m as shown, have a common armature on.
  • the motor has its armature-shaft provided with the usual commutator and brushes at 972 the brush M being connected in circuit with the field-wires m" m of the motor, and the brush 771 being connected by wire m with a current-collector m co-operating with the conductor m
  • the armature-shaft as shown, is provided with a pinion m in mesh with a gear at 011 the axle m.
  • the axle on has mounted on it a pinion a, connected, as shown, by intermediate gears to a large gear a, constituting a brake-gear, with which co-operates a pawl n forming the armature of a magnet 11 having one ot' its wires a connected to a current-collector 7Z5, co-operating with the conductor m, the other wire a of the said magnet being connected to member a of an automaticallyoperated switch, similar to the automaticallyoperated' switch on the elevator-car, the other member 91, of the said switch being connected by wire n to one coil, as 7 9, of the magnet m, and the wire a is connected to the coil, as 76, of the magnet M by branch wire 77.
  • the axle on has mounted on it a pinion a, connected, as shown, by intermediate gears to a large gear a, constituting a brake-gear, with which co-operates a pawl n forming the armature of a magnet 11 having
  • wire a is connected by wire 01 to a switch provided with two contact-teri'ninals n a, co-operating with contact-terminals n a, the terminal a being connected by wire n to the part "2 of the axle m, and the termi nal 72" to the part 73. of the said axle by wire '72".
  • the wire a is connected by wire a to the coil 80 of the magnet 072. and the wire a is connected by wire 92?
  • the switch on the car is operated to bring the terminal a in contact with the terminal 71 thereby completingthe circuit of the coil 81 of the magnet miwhich circuit may be traced as follows, viz: from the positive pole of the battery by wire m, conductor m, collector m wire on to brush 011 through the armature, thence by brush m through the field-magnet wire m" through the coil 81, thence by wires n a" to the terminals n a, thence by wire n to the automatic switch a 017, thence by wire 92, through the magnet a, wire 72', to collector or, through the conductor m wire m railsection m, wheels m wire m wheel 771 rail-section m to the negative pole of the battery.
  • both of the doors 0 0' are closed, and the circuit of the motor is complete and the said motor moves the car forward.
  • the circuit may now be traced as follows, viz: from positive pole of the battery by wire m conductor m, collector m wire of, through the armature-wire m, contact-stud 90, to which the said wire is connected and with which the armature is brought in e'ontact, through the armature m coil 79, wire '12, switch 11 of, wire a, magnet 91, wire 02 to collector or, through the conductor in, wire of, and doors 0 o to the negative pole of the battery.
  • the car continues to travel forward until a projection carried by the ear and indicated by dotted lines 50, and which may be similar to the projection e 011 the elevator-car, as shown in Fig.
  • the terminal a will be brought in contact with the terminal a and the circuit of the coil 80 of the magnet 112 closed, thereby moving the armature m into contact with the core of the coil 76 of the magnet on, and also in contact with the stud 91, to which the wire m is connected, the circuit of the motor being maintained closed, through the coil 76, after the circuit of the coil 80 is broken on the car at the terminals a n.
  • the circuit of the coil 80 may be traced as follows, viz: from the positive pole of the battery by wire on, conductor m, collector and, wire 077?", through the armature to brush m, thence through field-magnet wires on, coil 80, wire at, terminals n at, wire it through automatic switch, magnet 07?, wire a collector a, conductor m, to the pole of the battery, as above described.
  • the circuit of the coil 76 may follows, viz: from the positive pole by wire m", conductor in, collector m wire m through the armature, wire on, stud 91, armature m coil 7 (3, wire n, automatic switch, magnet 41 to negative pole of the battery, as described.
  • the movement of the car is controlled from the car; but it may also i be controlled from different points or stations along the track, which stations may be supposed to be located at the doors 0 0'.
  • Each station will be provided with a switch, preferably a push-button having terminals 19 p, co-operating with terminals 13 p and at each station will be located a device substantially such as is located at each landing of the elevator-well, which device will preferably consist of the magnet 70 controlling the cam 70 having attached to it the armature 76 and by which the car is automatically stopped at the station at which the magnet 70* is energized, the said armature and cam being not shown inFig. 19.
  • One terminal of the switch, as 19 will be connected to the rocker 7e co-operating with the terminals 70 k, by which the circuit of that magnet on the car necessary to be energized to bring the car to the said station is placed in proper condition, so that the said circuit will be completed when the push-button or switch at the station is operated.
  • the magnet 70 and the rocker 0 will preferably be contained in a box similar to that shown in Figs. 17 and 18, and will be located between the tracks m", so as to operate upon the projection on the under side of the car-brake and the automatic switch, while the rocker k is operated upon by another projection 00 on the under side of be traced as,
  • a bell p preferably located, the bell at one station having one wire, as 1), connected to one of the wheels, as m of the door, and its other wire connected to a contact piece or arm 19", extended from the door and adapted to co-operate with a similar arm 19 connected by. wire 1), as shown, to the terminal 13 of the push-bottom.
  • the wire 19 of the bell at the station 0 is connected to the wheel m of the door. of the battery has connected to it a branch wire p (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 19,) and to which is connected the terminals p of the switches at the different stations.
  • the magnet k which is indicated in the diagram, Fig. 19, by a circle, has one wire connected to the terminal 19, and the other wire 19 of the magnet at the station 0 is connected to the wire m while the wire 19 of the magnet located at the station 0, is connected, as shown,
  • the operator closes the switch or pushbutton p, which completes the circuit of the bell 19" at the station 0, which circuit may be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 19 to terminal 19 of the switch or push-button at the stat-ion 0, thence by terminal 19, wires p p to contact-arm 19 through the bell-wire 17 rail-section m wire 19 through the door 0 and negative wire m connected thereto to the battery.
  • the ringing of the bell at the station 0 notifies the operator or attendant at that station that the car is wanted at some other station, and gives notice to him that his doorinust be closed in order to complete the circuit of the magnets which control the movement of the car.
  • Fig. l I have shown and described the electro-inagnets as controlling the operation of a belt-shifter by which the elevator-car is raised; but I do not desire to limit my invention to this particular class of mechanism for actuating the elevator, as other forms may be used-such, for instance, as shown inFig. 20, wherein the electro-magne-ts control an electromotor 8, having in circuit with it a resistance s, by which the excessive current on The positive pole ing of the elcvator-car-is prevented from burning out or otherwise injuring the motor,
  • the electro-magnets D b are connected to and control the circuits of solenoids .5, having, as shown, a common core 5 which, as herein shown, is connected to a valve 8 controlling the ports of a cylinder in which is reciprocated a piston s", having its piston-rod 8 connected in suitable manner to the hoisting mechanism or to a main valve.
  • the magnets U I) may be connected to a compound-wonnd solenoid s, Fig. 22, having its wires 8 8 connected to a compound-wound motor 3 having its armature-shaft 5 connected by belt 5" to a pulley on a shaft s, provided with a worm s somewhat similar to the worm shown in Fig. 3.
  • the solenoid s has a core 8 having an arm 8 to which is secured a belt-shipper 3 provided with teeth or serrations 5 which are brought into engagement with the worm .9 when the solenoid s is energized, which occurs when the circuit of either of the magnets Z) Z) is closed.
  • I may employ any other form of selecting device-such, for instance, as shown in Figs. 1* and 15, wherein the pointer (Z is mounted on the arbord', extended through a disk or dial 6', provided with numbers indicating the different stations.
  • the pointer (Z is mounted on the arbord', extended through a disk or dial 6', provided with numbers indicating the different stations.
  • two push-buttons of ordinary construction are employed, as the switches d d.
  • the magnetic device as consisting of an electro-magnet havin two cores wound continuously; but instead thereof it is evident one core having a compound or double winding may be used.
  • I claim 1 The combination,with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage to control the operation of the motor mechanism from the car, a manual switch, and an independent automatic switch carried by the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as described.

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Description

(No Model.) a sneets-sheen 1. W. J. PAINE.
ELBOTRIGALLY CONTROLLED ELEVATOR.
No. 422,968. Patented Mar. 11, 1890.
(No Model;) s-sne-ets-sheet 2.
W. J. PAINE. ELECTRIGALLY CONTROLLED ELEVATOR.
No. 422,968. Pgtented Mar. .11, 1890.
:1. PETER, MW, mm D. Q
(No Model.)
3 SI 1eetsSheet 3. W. J-. PAINE. ELEOTRIOALLY CONTROLLED ELEVATOR.
Patented Mar. 11, 1890.
BF y W ,6 r:
y 5 Z a 6 w m 4 m n, nmtn mama", n c.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
\VAL'lER J. PAINE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
ELECTRICALLY-CONTROLLED ELEVATOR.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,968, dated March 11, 1890.
Application filed June 5, 1889. Serial No. 313,121. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, VALTER J. PAINE, of Boston, county of Suifolk,State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Electrically-Controlled Elevators, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters and. figures on the drawings representing like parts.
This invention relates to a novel system for electrically controlling the movement or travel of a car or carriage from one point or station to another or distant point or station, and has for its object to provide suitable mechanism, as will be described, whereby the movement of the car or carriage may be automatically controlled from any one of a series of stations or stopping points, and also, it so desired, from the car itself.
My invention is especially'adapted, among other things, to be applied on elevators of any usual or well-known construction, such as now commonly in use; and, in order that my invention may be readily comprehended, I shall specifically describe its operation when applied to an elevator.
In accordance with my invention the motor mechanism employed to raise the elevato r-car, which mechanism may be of any usual construction, is governed, as herein shown, by two electro-magnets in an electric circuit extended through the elevator-car and provided with a manual switch carried bythc ear to be operated by a person on the car, and with an automatieally-operated switch also carried by the car and which is operated outside the car at a predetermined point.
The operation of the automatically-operated switch may be controlled, as will be described, either from within or on the car, and also from a given station or point outsidethe said car as, for instance, at a floor of the building in which the elevator is located. At each station or floor of the building is located a switch provided, as herein shown, with two contactpoints, one of which co-operates with a terminal of a circuit connected to the electro-magnets controlling the motor mechanism, the other terminal being in circuit with an auxiliary magnet controlling a cam which, when in position, as will be described, actuates the automatically-opcrated switch on the car to break the main line or circuit and stop the movement or travel of the car at that station or landing.
The circuit of the motor-operating magnets connected. to the switch at the station or floor referred to has located in it a movable circuitcontroller operated, as will be described, by a cam or projection carried by the car to control the circuit of one or the other of the main line magnets, so that when the switch at the floor or station is closed the circuit of that one of the main-line magnets is closed which will. operate the motor mechanism to send the elevator-car to the station or floor at which the said switch was closed.
The circuit of one of the main-line magnets is momentarily closed when the switch at the floor or station or on the car is closed, and the continuity of the magnet-circuits to operate the motor is maintained, as will be described, even aft-er the switch at the floor or station is opened, the said main-line circuit being maintained closed until positively opened either by a manual switch or by the auto matically-operated switch carried by the car.
My invention therefore consists, essentially, in the combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage to control the operation of the motor mechanism from the car, a manual switch and an independent automatic switch earried by the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as will be described;
Other features of my invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.
Figure 1 is a diagram represel'iting a suiiicient-portion of an elevator, one form of operatin g mechanism therefor, and the electrical devices for controllin the operating mechanism in accordance with my invention. Fig.
2 is a top or plan view, partially broken out, of a sufficientportion of the motor mechanism and the electrical device controlling it to enable my invention to be understood. Fig. 3 is a section of the motor mechanism shown in Fig. 2 on line at as looking toward the right; Fig. 4, a side view of a part of the motor mechanism and its operating-magnets shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 5, a detail of one form of operating-magnet. Fig. 6 is a sectional detail showing the bottom of the elevator-car and a portion of the side wall of the elevatorwell; Fig. 7, a detail showing the bottom of the elevator-car and a portion of the elevatordoor; Fig. 8, a modified form of the selecting device carried by the car; Fig. 9, a rear side view of the device shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 10, a detail representing successive floors of the elevator-well; Figs. 11, 12, and 13, details to be referred to; Fig. 1i, an enlarged detail of the selecting device carried by the ear; Fig. 15, a rear elevation of the selecting device shown in Fig. 1e; Fig. 16, a front elevation of the device situated at each landing for controlling the elevator at the landing; Fig. 17, a section of the device shown in Fig. 16 on line a" at; Fi 18, a section of the device shown in Fig. 16 on line 1 y; Fig. 19, a diagram of a modification to be referred to; Fig. 19, a section on line p 1 Fig. 19; and Figs. 20 to 22, inclusive, modifications embodying the principle of my invention to be referred to.
The elevator-car A, herein represented as a passenger-car provided with the usual door A, is suspended in an elevator-well A by preferably metallic or wire cables a a (t the cables to a being passed about suitable sheaves at the top of the building and connected to counterbalaneing-weights a and the cable a being passed about the sheaves at the top of the building and connected to a drum to, all substantially as with elevators as now commonly constructed.
The elevatorear A is raised by a motor mechanism, herein shown, of that class known as the belt system, consisting of a straight belt a passed, about a pulley a (see Fig. 2) on a driving-shaft a and about a similar pulley on-the shaft of of the drum a and of a cross-belt a on a pulley a on a shaft a in line with the shaft c the said cross-belt being passed about a pulley e on the shaft a opposite to the pulley about which the belt a is passed. The shaft a is provided with a fast pulley (L -311d a loose pulley a, and the shaft e is provided with a fast pulley a. The loose pulley a, as shown in Fig. 2, is engaged by a belt (0", passed about a drum or pulley a", on a shaft (4 connected by a belt a with a pulley (L20 (see Fig. 1) on the crankshaft o? of the engine, the said crank-shaft being rotated through the connecting-rod (L22 and piston-rod a of an engine a, which may be of any usual or desired construction. The shaft (L18 is provided with a pulley Z), connected by a belt I) (see Fig. 2) with a pulley b on a shaft 1), having journals in suitable bearings Zr. (See Fig. 3.) The shaft is provided on opposite sides of its center with a right and left screw-thread or worm ZN), with which co-operate pallets or fingers D b on opposite ends of an armature carrying bar U,
pivoted, as at b to a casting or plate Z2 secured to or forming part of two sets of electromagnets Z9 b, each set of magnets, as herein shown, comprising two magnet-coils.
Each magnet-coil, as herein shown, has its front pole-piece extended beyond the face of the magnet, and the said pole-pieces have cooperating with them armatures b b", secured to or forming part of the bar Z)". The armatures 11 Z) are normally held away from their pole-pieces, as herein shown, by a spring Z2", (see Fig. 3,) acting on the bar I). The coils of the magnets b b are wound continuously, and one end of the wires of the said magnets are joined together and, as herein shown, connected to one pole of the battery 13 (see Fig. 1) by wire I), the said wire, as shown, being connected to the negative pole of the battery B. The opposite end of each wire of the magnets is grounded or connected to the yokes or cross-bars b If, connecting the cores of the said magnets. (See Figs. 1 and 5.)
The positive pole of thebattery is connected by wire 0, as shown in Fig. 1, to the shaft a and the circuit from the shaft a to the ele- Vator-car may be traced through the metallic drum a and wire cable or rope a to the bolt 0' on the elevator-ear and from the bolt 0 by wire 0 to one portion or section 0 of the metallic rail, upon which run the metallic wheels 0 c of the car-door, as clearly shown in Fig. 7.
The electrical circuit through the rail referred to is broken,preferably, by a piece a of insulation interposed between the sections 0 and c of the said rail, the circuit-from the rail-section 0" across the insulation e being traced through the wheel 0" to wheel 0 of the door by wire 0 connecting said wheels.
The railsection c" has connected to it a wire 0 having its other end connected to a spring-arm c, secured, at 0 (see Fig. 6,) to the bottom of the car and having its free end normally engaged by a spring-actuated pawl 0 on a bar 0 carried by a lever c, pivoted to the bottom of the car, the bar a being provided at its outer end with a roller 0, for a purpose as will be described.
The spring-arm e constitutes one member of an automatically-operated switch, the cooperating member of which is herein shown as an arm 0 secured to the bottom of the car, as by screws 0 which also secure to the car a second arm e extended substantially at right angles to the 'arm 0 and substantially in line with the pawl c the end of the arm 0 being beveled or inclined to engage the rounded or inclined part of the pawl a to to the bolt 0 to which the wire cable a is se- The wire cable a is connectedby wire on red.
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Down, and shown as two contact-pieces secured to or forming part of a pointer or selecting-bar d, Fig. 8, fast on an arbor (1 pro-.
vided with a bevel-gear (1 Fig. 9, in mesh with a bevel-gear (Z on a shaft (1 extended below the car-floor. The arbor (Z has loose on it a preferably metallic bar (1 provided with a handle of insulating material, the said bar forming a common contact member for the contact-pieces d d. The bar (Z is 0011- nected by wire (1 to the wire 0 and the switch or contact-piece dis connected by wire (1 to a contactarm (1 secured to the car and in contact with va metallic bar or guide (1 which is herein shownas broken at its upper end near the top of the building and provided with a strip d" of insulating material, for a purpose to be described. The guide-bar c below the strip d is connected by wire (I to the yoke or cross-bar If of the magnet b (marked in the drawings the up magnet.) The switch. or contact member (1' is connected by wired to a contact-arm d carried by the car and normally in. contact with a guide-bar d on the opposite side of the elevator shaft or well, as shown in Fig. l. The guide-bar d is broken at its lower end or near the bottom of the elevator-well and electrically separated by the strip (1 of insulating material. The upper portion of the bar (Z is connected by wire (1 to the yoke or cross-bar I) of the magnet 19 (marked in Fig. 1 as the down magnet.) The selecting device or pointer d co-operates with a series of numbers indicating the floors or landings of the buildin g in which the elevator is located. The shaft (1, )referably below the car-floor, is provided with a segmental gear at, (see Fig. 6,) in mesh with a rack-bar e movable in suitable guides e secured to the cai floor. The rack-bar ef" has secured to or forming part of it a spring arm or extension e, secured to a rod or bar e provided'at one end with a roller a, normally resting against the lever 0 the bar 6 at its opposite end being provided, preferably, with a roller extended beyond the side of the car. The bar 0 which is connected to the lever c, is preferably surrounded by a spiral spring 0, which acts against suitable guides secured to the carfloor and against a collar on the said bar to force the latter out into its normal position and bring the roller 0 on the end of the said bar outside of the car.
The side wall of the elevator in which the doors of the dilferent landings are located is provided at each landing, near the doorway thereof, with a projection or stud f, (marked 1, 2, 3, and t in Fig. 10,) with which co-operates the roller 6, as will be described.
The spring-arm c and its co-operating bar 0 constitute the automatically operated switch carried by the elevator-car, as described, and the switches (Z and d and also the car-door constitute manual switches carried by the ear,
Vt ith the apparatus constructed as thus described the ascent and descent of the elevator-car. may be controlled from within the elevator as, for instance, let it be supposed that it is desired to ascend. The operator on the car closes the circuit of the up switch by moving the handle of the bar (Z toward the left, as shown in Figs. 1 and 8, thereby closing the circuit of the up magnet at the switch (1, which circuit may be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum a, cable a to the bolt 0 on the car, and from the bolt 0' by wire 0 to the rail 0 thence by the wheel 0 wire 0", wheel 0 to the rail 0 thence by wire 0 spring-arm 0", arm 0 wire 0 thence by branch wire d through the bar (Z a contact member of the switch cl, wire (1 to contactarm (1 thence by guide-bar (1 wire (1 to the yoke Z2 of the magnet 19, through the coils of the said magnet to the negative pole of the battery by Wire 17 \Vhcn the up magnet ZP" becomes magnetized, the armature t, Fig. 3, is attracted, and the bar I) is turned on its pivot, so as to bring the pallet or finger (2 into engagement with the worm b. 'When the pallet b on the' armature carryin g bar I) is brought in contact with the worm Z), the said pallet is caused to travel or is moved toward the right or in the direction of arrow 21, Figs. 2 and As the pallet Z2 is moved toward the right, it carries with it the casting b and the belt (6 which is engaged by pins 25. on the upper plate of, the casting b, the said plate having secured to or forming part it an arm 27, pivoted, as-at 28, (see Fig.2.) to across bar or frame 29. As the casting b is moved in the direction of arrow 21, the belt a is shipped from its loose pulley a 'to the fast pulley e which. is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow thereon in Fi 2. As soon as the belt a is brought into engagement with the fast pulley (0 the pulley e is rotated, and the belt a thereon made to travel in direction of arrow 30, Fig. 1.,thereby winding the drum min the direction of arrow 31 and hoisting the elevator. As soon as the armature b comes in contact with the polepiece of the magnet b a circuit for the said magnet is completed through the bar b, as will be described, so that as soon as the operator in the car has pressed the push-button or switch (1 to complete the circuit he may immediately remove the pressureor break the circuit at the switch d on the car. The
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circuit of the up magnet is now broken on p be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a", drum (0, cable a to the car, wire 0 rail 0 wheel 0, wire 0 wheel a, rail 0 wire c spring-arm 0", arm 0 wire 0 to the bolt 0 thence by cable a, wire 0 and contact-arm 0 guidebar c, and wire to the armature-carrying bar I), through the armature b core of the magnet I), then through the coils of themagnet and wire U to the negative pole of the battery.
The circuit of theup magnet just described will be maintained closed and the car will continue to travel upward until the said circuit is positively broken from the ear.
The circuit may be broken by one of the projectionsf on the wall of the elevatornvell, it acting on the roller a so as to force the said roller and its bar outward, or in the direction of arrow 20, Fig. 0, and thus automatically remove the spring-arm e from contact with the arm 0 thereby breaking the said circuit at that point.
The operator on the car selects through the pointer (Z which projection f shall break the cireuit-as, for instance, if he desires to go to the third floor he turns his pointer or selecting device until it registers with the number 3 on the dial indicating the third floor. As the pointer (Z is turned a bar (1' is also turned, and the shaft (1 is rotated through the gears (Z (1 and the rack-bar 6"", through the segmental gear 6, is moved along in its guides 6 until the roller 6 stands or is brought in line with the projection f marked 3, which projection, as has been stated, is so located with relation to the third landing that when the roller e meets the projection f marked 3 the door of the elevator-car will be substantially opposite the door on the landing. \Vhen the roller 2 is acted upon by the projection f marked 3 and the bar 6 is moved in the direction of arrow 20, the said bar acts on the lever 0 and moves the said lever and the bar 0 carried by it in the direction of arrow 20, thereby carrying the spring-arm c away from its co'operating contact-arm c and breaking the circuit of the up magnet at that point, as described. As the bar 0 is moved in the direction of arrow 20, the pawl c is moved outward by the inclined end of the arm a and is disengaged from the spring-arm 0", thus permitting the latter to fly back and again make electrical connection with the arms 0 closing the cir cuit of the up magnet at that point. As soon as the spring-arm 0' through the pawl 0 is removed from contact with its co-operating contact member a, the circuit of the up magnet is broken at that point, and the said magnet becomes demagnetized, thus permitting the spring I), Fig. 3, to center the armature-carrying bar I)" and remove the pallet Z1 from engagement with the worm As soon as the pallet is moved from engagement with the worm Z) the shipper-bar 27 is centered, as herein shown, by means of a weight 32, connected by a cord 33 to the bar 27, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 3, the-said cord passing under a pulley 34; and over a pulley 35. The elevator is now supposed to be stationary and opposite the third floor of the building, and if it is desired to descend the switch (1' will be closed, thus magnetizing the down magnet (J the circuit being traced as follows: from the the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum a, cable a wire 0 rail 0 wheels 0 a, rail 0 wire 0 through the automatic switch, wire 0 branch wire (1, wire (1, contact-arm (Z guide-bar (Z wire (1 to the yoke 11* of the magnet b, thence through the coils of the said magnet to the negative pole by wire I). As soon as the circuit of the down magnet is closed at the switch (1 it attracts its armature 11 thereby engaging the pallet b with the worm I), which moves the shipper 27 in the direction opposite to that indicated by arrow 21, Fig. 2, and brings the belt a into engagement with the fast pulley (0 on the shaft a thereby producing rotation of the drum a", through the belt a, in the direction of arrow i0, and permitting the car to descend.
If it is desired to stop the car at any floor or landing below the third, the bar (1 will be moved until the pointer (Z registers with the number indicating such floor, and the roller 6 will be thus placed in. position to be acted upon by the projection fat the selected floor, the said projection acting on the said roller to break the circuit of the down magnet at the automatically-operatcd switch c" carried by the car.
In order that the travel of the elevator may be controlled from each landing of the building, I have provided at each landing a switch 75, provided with two contact-terminals 79' 75 which co-operate with contact-terminals7t 7;". The contact-terminal has connected in circuit with it an electro-magnet 7;, which is connected by wire it with the wire I), leading to the negative pole of the battery. The contact-terminal k is connected by wire 7: with a wire 70, having one end connected to a guide bar or' red 7a, with which co-operates a contact member 7a joined by wire It to the cable a, which is connected by a wire 7. to one terminal of a bell 7c of any ordinary construction, the other terminal of the said bell being connected by wire L to the wire 0 The contact-terminal 7c is connected by wire 73 to the wire 0 and the contact-terminal 7& co-operating with the terminal is, is connected, as herein shown, by wire k to a cam'switch (herein shown as a pivoted rocker L located in a suitable case if, Figs. 17 and 18, in which the magnet k is placed. The rocker 73 is preferably provided with two spring-arms 75 73 which cooperate with pins or studs L k, Fig. 18, connected, respectively, by wires U If, Fig. 1, with the wires (Z and (Z The rocker 7J co-operates with a projection on a leyer 7.3 Fig. 18, pivoted as ICC IIO
I as at 7c, and having an arm 7e constituting the armature for the magnet 70". The cam-- lever 75 is provided with two oppositely-in.- clined faces 36 37, with which co-operates the roller 0 Fig. 6, on the bar 0 carried by the elevator-car. The rocker 11: is acted upon by a fixed roller or projection i (see Fig. 6,) which is carried by the car.
In order that the operation ofthe device on the landing maybe readily understood, let it be supposed that the switch 7.: on the third,
landing (marked L in Figs. 1 and 10) has been closed, and that the elevator at such time is in the position indicated in Fig. 1. As soon as the switch 7a is closed the circuit of the magnet k is closed, and the said magnet attracts its armature 70 and moves the lever is from itsfull-line position in Fig. 17 out into its dotted-line position. As soon as the switch 7a is closed the bell 7e carried by the car, is rung, its circuit being closed, which circuit may be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum a", cable a wire 0 Wire 70 through the bell, wire 70 cable a, wire 70 contact memher It guide-bar 7c", Wires k and k to contactterminal 70 through the magnet 75, and thence by wire 76 and wire b to the negative pole of the battery. As soon as the switch it is closed the circuit of the up magnet is closed at the said switch, and the elevator is made to travel upward, as above described, the circuit for the switch it through the said magnet being traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum 0., cable aiwire 0 through the door, as described, wire 0 automatic switch, wire 0 cable a, wire a, contact member 0 guide-bar 0 .wire 0 wire 7e contact-terminals 70 k wire In, rocker 7e spring-arm k pin it, wire 7t, and wire (i to the yoke 19 of the up magnet, thence through the magnet to the negative pole of the battery by wire I). As soon as the elevator has reached the landing b and the door of the elevator is substantially opposite the door on the landing the roller e rides up the inclined side 36'and breaks the circuit of the up magnet at the automaticallyoperated switch, as above described, thereby stopping the car. At substantially the same time the fixed roller 70 acts on the rocker 10 and turns the said rocker on its pivot, thereby removing the spring-arm 70 from the pin 70 and breaking the circuit of the up magnet at that point also, and at the same time bringing the spring-arm k into engagement with the pin k Fig. 18, closing the circuit of the down magnet at the said pin and arm. As
soon as the rocker is turned on its pivot by the roller 70 the lever 75 which has neviously engaged a projection 70 (see Fig. 17) on the cam and held the same securely locked in its outer ordotted-line position, is moved down by the lever 7e riding .up the inclined notch Z0 in the lever 70", thus moving the end of the lever ICES down out of the path of movement of the projection 712 and permitting the lever 76 to be moved into its normal or full-line position. Vith the rocker 70 moved into its dotted-line position, and with the spring-arm 70 in contact with the stud 10 the circuit of the down magnet alone is closed, and the said circuit is closed at all the rockers below the third floor, so that if the switch 7c at either the first or second floor should be closed the elevator will be moved downward.
As shown in Fig. 1, only the rocker k on the first floor is shown in position to close the down magnet I), so that if the switch 7c on the first floor (marked L) should be closed the down magnet will be energized and the elevator brought to the first floor.
The circuit of the down magnet through the switch on the first floor may be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 0, shaft a drum a, cable aiwire 0 through the car-door, as described, wire 0 automatic switch, wire 0 cable Ct, wire contact-arm e guide-bare, wire 0 wire 70 terminals 7e 7e ,wire 7e rocker 75 spring 0 pin k wire le and wire (i to the yoke 11 of the magnet, thence through the magnet I) to the negative pole of the battery. As soon as the switch 70 on the first floor is closed and the magnet Z2 energized the armature b, Fig. 3, of the said magnet is attracted and the circuit of the magnet I) is maintained closed, as above described. The roller k on the downward movement of the elevator acts on the rocker W at the third and second floors and moves them from the position indicated by dotted line in Fig. 18 to their full-line position, closing the circuit of the up magnet at the spring-arm 70 and pin is.
As soon as the elevator in its downward passage has reached substantially the bottom of the elevator-Well, and the car-door is sub stantially opposite the door at the first landing, the circuit of the down magnet is broken, as herein shown, by the insulated strip (1 and the down magnet B is deniagnetized and the belt a placed in contact with the loose pulley a; The circuit of the up magnet at the top of the elevatorwell maybe broken in a similar manner by the insulated strip d in the guidebar (1 when the elevator is at the topof the well.
From the foregoing description it will be seen that by means of my invention the elevator-car may be started and stopped not only on the car itself, but also from any desired point or station in the travelof the caras, for instance, at any desired landing. Fur thermore, it will be noticed that the car automatically operates a switch at the landing, which switch is shown in the present instance as a rocker, so that the said car in its travel by a landing in either direction leaves the said switch in such position as to close the circuit at the said switch of the magnet necessary to be operated to bring the said car to the desired landing or station. This is especially advantageous in apartmenthotels, as the elevator can be run without the employment of an attendant in the car.
I have thus far described my invention as employed to control the movement of an elevator-car; but I do not desire to limit my invention to this use, as it may be employed to control the movement of any form of car or carriage or other movable bod y--su eh, for instance, as shown in Fig. 19, wherein is represented a car-truck having its axles m m mounted on wheels at, running on a track m On opposite sides of the track are located conductors m" m, the conductor in, as herein shown, being connected to one pole (as the positive pole) of the battery by wire in, the other conductor m being connected to the negative pole of the battery by wire m which is shown as broken and connected to rail-sections m m", on which run wheels m 921 of a door, the said wheels being joined by wire in in a similar manner to the rail-sections on the elevator-car. The axle m is electrically divided, as by insulation m,into two parts, (marked '70 71,) and the axiom is electrically divided in a similar manner into two parts 72 73. The car is driven by a motor m herein shown asa compornnbwound electric motor, one wire m being connected to one coil 81 of amagnetm and the other wire on being connected to one coil 80 of themagnet m The magnets m m as shown, have a common armature on. The motor has its armature-shaft provided with the usual commutator and brushes at 972 the brush M being connected in circuit with the field-wires m" m of the motor, and the brush 771 being connected by wire m with a current-collector m co-operating with the conductor m The armature-shaft, as shown, is provided with a pinion m in mesh with a gear at 011 the axle m. The axle on has mounted on it a pinion a, connected, as shown, by intermediate gears to a large gear a, constituting a brake-gear, with which co-operates a pawl n forming the armature of a magnet 11 having one ot' its wires a connected to a current-collector 7Z5, co-operating with the conductor m, the other wire a of the said magnet being connected to member a of an automaticallyoperated switch, similar to the automaticallyoperated' switch on the elevator-car, the other member 91, of the said switch being connected by wire n to one coil, as 7 9, of the magnet m, and the wire a is connected to the coil, as 76, of the magnet M by branch wire 77. The
wire a is connected by wire 01 to a switch provided with two contact-teri'ninals n a, co-operating with contact-terminals n a, the terminal a being connected by wire n to the part "2 of the axle m, and the termi nal 72" to the part 73. of the said axle by wire '72". The wire a is connected by wire a to the coil 80 of the magnet 072. and the wire a is connected by wire 92? to the coil 81 of the magnet m For purpose of illustration let it be supposed that when the magnet nz is energized the motor will propel the car forward or in the direction of arrow 100, and that when the magnet m is energized the motor will move the car in a direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow 100. Let it be supposed that the operator desires the car should move forward or in the direction of arrow 100. In this case the switch on the car is operated to bring the terminal a in contact with the terminal 71 thereby completingthe circuit of the coil 81 of the magnet miwhich circuit may be traced as follows, viz: from the positive pole of the battery by wire m, conductor m, collector m wire on to brush 011 through the armature, thence by brush m through the field-magnet wire m" through the coil 81, thence by wires n a" to the terminals n a, thence by wire n to the automatic switch a 017, thence by wire 92, through the magnet a, wire 72', to collector or, through the conductor m wire m railsection m, wheels m wire m wheel 771 rail-section m to the negative pole of the battery.
As shown in Fig. 19, both of the doors 0 0' are closed, and the circuit of the motor is complete and the said motor moves the car forward.
As soon as the operator in the car has completed the circuit of the magnet-coil 81, as described, he may break the said circuit by withdrawing the terminal a from the terminal n; but the circuit of the motor is still maintained closed through the armature and the coil of the magnet m, the said armature being broughtin contact with the core of the coil 79, to which the wire a is connected, or, as it is technically known, is grounded.
The circuit may now be traced as follows, viz: from positive pole of the battery by wire m conductor m, collector m wire of, through the armature-wire m, contact-stud 90, to which the said wire is connected and with which the armature is brought in e'ontact, through the armature m coil 79, wire '12, switch 11 of, wire a, magnet 91, wire 02 to collector or, through the conductor in, wire of, and doors 0 o to the negative pole of the battery. The car continues to travel forward until a projection carried by the ear and indicated by dotted lines 50, and which may be similar to the projection e 011 the elevator-car, as shown in Fig. 6, is struck by a stud or projection 0 located, as shown, between the rails of the track, the said stud acting on the projection on the car to open the automatic switch, and thus break the circuit of the magnet-coil 79, and thereby stop the car, the circuit of the motor and magnet 97. being thus broken. As soon as the circuit is thus broken the armature a is moved away from the pole'of the magnet 02 either by a spring (not shown) or by gravity, or in any other usual manner, and the pawl n on the said armature is brought into engagement with the gear-wheel 02, thus stopping rotation of the axle m.
If it is desired to make the car travel in the direction opposite to that indicated by arrow 100, the terminal a will be brought in contact with the terminal a and the circuit of the coil 80 of the magnet 112 closed, thereby moving the armature m into contact with the core of the coil 76 of the magnet on, and also in contact with the stud 91, to which the wire m is connected, the circuit of the motor being maintained closed, through the coil 76, after the circuit of the coil 80 is broken on the car at the terminals a n.
The circuit of the coil 80 may be traced as follows, viz: from the positive pole of the battery by wire on, conductor m, collector and, wire 077?", through the armature to brush m, thence through field-magnet wires on, coil 80, wire at, terminals n at, wire it through automatic switch, magnet 07?, wire a collector a, conductor m, to the pole of the battery, as above described.
The circuit of the coil 76 may follows, viz: from the positive pole by wire m", conductor in, collector m wire m through the armature, wire on, stud 91, armature m coil 7 (3, wire n, automatic switch, magnet 41 to negative pole of the battery, as described.
As thus far described the movement of the car is controlled from the car; but it may also i be controlled from different points or stations along the track, which stations may be supposed to be located at the doors 0 0'.
Each station will be provided with a switch, preferably a push-button having terminals 19 p, co-operating with terminals 13 p and at each station will be located a device substantially such as is located at each landing of the elevator-well, which device will preferably consist of the magnet 70 controlling the cam 70 having attached to it the armature 76 and by which the car is automatically stopped at the station at which the magnet 70* is energized, the said armature and cam being not shown inFig. 19. One terminal of the switch, as 19 will be connected to the rocker 7e co-operating with the terminals 70 k, by which the circuit of that magnet on the car necessary to be energized to bring the car to the said station is placed in proper condition, so that the said circuit will be completed when the push-button or switch at the station is operated.
In practice the magnet 70 and the rocker 0 will preferably be contained in a box similar to that shown in Figs. 17 and 18, and will be located between the tracks m", so as to operate upon the projection on the under side of the car-brake and the automatic switch, while the rocker k is operated upon by another projection 00 on the under side of be traced as,
the car, as indicated by dotted lines, Fig. 19, which projection is similar to the projection on the elevator-car.
At each station a bell p preferably located, the bell at one station having one wire, as 1), connected to one of the wheels, as m of the door, and its other wire connected to a contact piece or arm 19", extended from the door and adapted to co-operate with a similar arm 19 connected by. wire 1), as shown, to the terminal 13 of the push-bottom. The wire 19 of the bell at the station 0 is connected to the wheel m of the door. of the battery has connected to it a branch wire p (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 19,) and to which is connected the terminals p of the switches at the different stations. The magnet k which is indicated in the diagram, Fig. 19, by a circle, has one wire connected to the terminal 19, and the other wire 19 of the magnet at the station 0 is connected to the wire m while the wire 19 of the magnet located at the station 0, is connected, as shown,
to the wire p joining the rail-sections m m" of adjacent doors. The terminals 17 of the switches at adjacent stations are connected by wire 19". lVhen the door of a section or station is open, the circuit of the bell at that station will be completed when the switch or push-button at another station is operated. For instance, let it be supposed that the door 0' of the station is open and that the operator at the station 0 wants the car. In this instance the operator closes the switch or pushbutton p, which completes the circuit of the bell 19" at the station 0, which circuit may be traced as follows: from the positive pole of the battery by wire 19 to terminal 19 of the switch or push-button at the stat-ion 0, thence by terminal 19, wires p p to contact-arm 19 through the bell-wire 17 rail-section m wire 19 through the door 0 and negative wire m connected thereto to the battery. The ringing of the bell at the station 0 notifies the operator or attendant at that station that the car is wanted at some other station, and gives notice to him that his doorinust be closed in order to complete the circuit of the magnets which control the movement of the car.
The operation of the car as shown in Fig. 19 is identical with the operation of the elevator-car shown in Fig. 1, and the manner of controlling it both from the car itself and from the different stations is identical.
In Fig. l I have shown and described the electro-inagnets as controlling the operation of a belt-shifter by which the elevator-car is raised; but I do not desire to limit my invention to this particular class of mechanism for actuating the elevator, as other forms may be used-such, for instance, as shown inFig. 20, wherein the electro-magne-ts control an electromotor 8, having in circuit with it a resistance s, by which the excessive current on The positive pole ing of the elcvator-car-is prevented from burning out or otherwise injuring the motor,
the movement ofrthe resistance-lever .9 being controlled by a solenoid 3 having connected to its core a piston of a dash-pots", which latter also obviates the starting of the car with a jerk.
As shown in Fig. 21, the electro-magnets D b are connected to and control the circuits of solenoids .5, having, as shown, a common core 5 which, as herein shown, is connected to a valve 8 controlling the ports of a cylinder in which is reciprocated a piston s", having its piston-rod 8 connected in suitable manner to the hoisting mechanism or to a main valve. So, also, the magnets U I) may be connected to a compound-wonnd solenoid s, Fig. 22, having its wires 8 8 connected to a compound-wound motor 3 having its armature-shaft 5 connected by belt 5" to a pulley on a shaft s, provided with a worm s somewhat similar to the worm shown in Fig. 3. The solenoid s has a core 8 having an arm 8 to which is secured a belt-shipper 3 provided with teeth or serrations 5 which are brought into engagement with the worm .9 when the solenoid s is energized, which occurs when the circuit of either of the magnets Z) Z) is closed.
When one magnet, as b, is energized, it attracts its armature, closes the circuit of one coil of the solenoid which revolves the armature of the motor in one direction, thereby revolving the shaft .9 in one direction, and through the teeth .9 011 the shipper 3 moves the belt from the loose pulley s to a fast pulley, as 5 producing travel of the elevator in one direction, and when the magnet I) is energized the circuit of the coil of wire 5 of the solenoid and motor is completed, and the shaft .9 is revolved in the opposite direction and the belt shifted to the fast pulley 5 causing the tavel of the elevator in the opposite direction.
Instead of the particular form of selecting device shown in Figs. 1, 8, and 9, I may employ any other form of selecting device-such, for instance, as shown in Figs. 1* and 15, wherein the pointer (Z is mounted on the arbord', extended through a disk or dial 6', provided with numbers indicating the different stations. In this instance two push-buttons of ordinary construction are employed, as the switches d d.
. I have herein shown the magnetic device as consisting of an electro-magnet havin two cores wound continuously; but instead thereof it is evident one core having a compound or double winding may be used.
I claim 1. The combination,with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage to control the operation of the motor mechanism from the car, a manual switch, and an independent automatic switch carried by the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as described.
2. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device to control the operation of the motor mechanism, terminals at one or more points or stations in circuit with the said magnetic device, an automatic switch carried by the car or carriage, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as described.
23. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motormechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a normally-closed automatically-operated switch carried by the car, an electro-magnet having its coil in circuit with said switch, normally-open terminals carried by the car in circuit with the coil of the said electro-magnet, an armature for said magnet in circuit with the said automatic switch and adapted to maintain closed the circuit of the electro-magnet after it has been broken at one of the said terminals, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the said automatic switch to break the circuitof the magnet, substantially as described.
4. The coi'nbination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a normally-closed automatically-operatcd switch carried by the car, an elcctro-magnet having its coil in circuit with said switch, a manual switch in circuit with the said electro-magnet, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the said automatic switch, to operate substantially as described.
5. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device to control the operation of the motormechanism, terminals at one or more points or stations in circuit with the said magnetic device, an automatic switch carried by the car or carriage, and acam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, a switch in the path of move ment of the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a projection on the car to actuate the switch, substantially as described.
6. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage to control the operation of the motormechanism from the car, a manual switch, and an automatic switch carried by the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a series of projections in the path of movement of the car out of line with each other, and a selecting device operated on the car to cause the automatic switch to be broken by any of the said projections, substantially as described.
7. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism, to cause thesaid car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device to control the operation of the motor mechanism, terminals at one or more points or stations in circuit with the said magnetic device, an automatic switch carried by the car or carriage, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, and a magnet located at the point or station to operate said projection, substantially as described.
8. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a normally-closed automatically-operated switch carried by the car, an electro-magnet having its coil in circuit with said switch, a switch in the path of movement of the said car connected in circuit with the said electro-magnet coil, a projection on the car to operate said switch, a cam or projection, and a magnet to place said cam or projection in position to open the automatic switch and stop the car, substantially tions in circuit with the said magnetic device,
an automatic switch carried by the car or carriage, and a movable cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car,
and a locking device to lock said cam or proj ection in itsoperative position, substantially as described.
10. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device to control the operation of the motor mechanism, terminals at one or more points or stations in circuit with the said magnetic device, an automatic switch carried by the car or carriage, and a movable cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, and a locking device to lock said cam or projection in its operative position, and a switch to release or unlock said cam or projection, substantially as described.
11. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device to control the operation of the motor mechanism, terminals at one or more points or stations in circuit with the said magnetic device, an automatic switch carried by the car or carrelease or unlock said cam or projection, arid a projection on the car tooperate said switch, substantially as described.
12. The combination, with a car or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage to control the operation of the motor mechanism from the car, a selecting device, and a normally-open switch co-operating with said selecting device and adapted to be closed by the movement of the said selecting device, an automatic switch carried by the carin circuit with the magnetic device, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as described.
13. The combination, witha car'or carriage and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device to control the operation of the motor mechanism, terminals at one or more points or stations in circuit with the said magnetic device, and a bell on the car or carriage in circuit with the said terminals, an automatic switch carried by the car or carriage, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car'to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, substantially as described.
14. The combination, with a car or carriage provided with a door and a motor mechanism to cause the said car or carriage to travel, of a magnetic device operatively connected to the car or carriage and in circuit with the car-door to control the operation of the motor mechanism from the car, a manual switch on the car, and an automatic switch carried by the car in circuit with the magnetic device, and a cam or projection in the path of movement of the car to operate the said automatic switch and stop the car, the said door when opened breaking the circuit of the magnetic device to thereby render the car inoperative, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
YVALTER J. PAINE.
\Vitnesjses:
-J AS. H. CHURCHILL, FREDERICK L. EMERY.
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