US422855A - Pulsating electric generator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. J. VAN DEPOELB. PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

y /gdm.

Patented Mar, 4, 1890.

No Model.) e sheets-sheet 2.

0. J. VAN DEPOBLE. PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

No. 422,855. Patented Mar. 4, 1890.

@XN lc Se n y 3 De/M to Z y, Vaflcpoele (No Model.) I e sheets-sheen 3. C. J. VAN DEPOELE.

PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR. No. 422,855. Patented Mar. 4, 90.

MINIMUM WOWIXUW MHXIMUM WDW INIW SSN 14016 Il'o: null A A 6 Sheets-Sheet j4.-

l(No Model.)

0,.-J. VAN DBPOBLE.

PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

Patented'Mar. 4, 1890.

wh/woes 'vwewoz Charles J Yanlkpqele (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

'0. J.-vAN DEPOBLB. Y PULSATING .ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

`III||||||| m A wit/Viacom n Sil-wcwloz Charles J'. Yam/,Ucpae/o I No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

C. J. VAN DEPOELE. PULSATING ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

No. 422.855. Patented Mar. 4,1890.

UNITED STATES vPATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPQELE, -OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

Pu LsATl Ne ELECTRIC e EN ERA-ro R.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 422,855, dated Mar'ch'll, 1890.

.Application nea naar 2s, i889. serai No. 304,544. (No model.)

.To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES J. VAN DE- `PELE,a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new an'd useful Improvements in Pulsating Elec- -tric'Generators of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and fig.- ures of reference marked thereon.

M-y invention relates to improvements in electric generators, more especially with reference to the production of currents having' a-defincd rise and fallHthat is to say, intermittent or pulsating currents, for examplesuch as are referred to\in my applications, Serial Nos. 285,294., filed September 13, 1888, and 296,9S'l, filed January 21, 1389, and specially adapted \for operating reciprocating engines.

As set forth in my said prior-applications, 'my improved electro-magnetic reciprocating engines are operated synchronously with a generator or source of dened currents, each current energizing a coil in the engine for the purpose of imparting a stroke thereto.

Since the rapidity of alternation in what are known as alternate currents in electriedghting machines is altogether too great and beyond the speed at which the piston of a direct-ac tingcnginc of any size isrequired elect-riev machine having an armature of anyk to be moved, and since it is impracticable to operate knownv forms of alternatecurrent electric-lightgeneratorsat a speed low enough vto accomplish my purpose, I have provided means whereby I am enabled to convert the current energy of an ordinary continuous-current armature rotating at its mosteffcient speed into undulating' or pulsating currentsv having any desired rapidity of succession.

My invention is embodied in a dynamodesired type and having a cominutator for straightening the currents therein, stationary commutator-brushes upon the normal line of commutation and in electric connection with the exterior working-eircuit, and an addition al traveling commutator brush or Vbrushes in circuit with the return terminal or terminals 'of they working-circuit and 'arranged to be moved around Vvthe eounnutat-or with a degree of y rapidity corresponding to the number -of current-waves required to be delivered to the working-circuit, which may vary from several hundred perninute down to zero.

The inode of operation `and arrallgement of parts will be fully hereinafter described, and referred to in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation, partly in diagram, showing a generator embodying my invention and two working-circuits therefor, including two reciprocating electro-dynamic engines. Fig. 2 is a top plan View of a portion of the generator seen in Fig. 1, showing also the motor and connections for operating the rotating brushes at any desired speed. Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly in diagram, showing a generator and a working' circuit therefor embodying a slightly-difer# ent form of the invention, only one traveling brush being used. Fig. 4 is a plan view of part of the generator seen in Fig. 3, with a working-circuit therefor shown in diagram.

Fig. 5 vis a diagrammatic view, partly in elevation, showing a generator with working-circuits therefor, and indicating the rise and fall of potential in the respective circuits. Fig. 6 is a detailview of one form of commutatorbrnsh-rotatin g mechanism,together with a workin g-cireuit therefor. Fig. 7 is a plan viewbf the mechanism seen in Fig. G. Fig.

S is a view showing a generator in elevation and a working-circuit in diagram. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of an organization of apparatus supplied with pulsating currents according to. my said invention, and differing .f

from the system seen in Fig. 8 in that a rota-tingrniotor supplied with continuous current is used insteadof the generator to produce the rise and fall of potential in the several working-circuits. Fig. 10 is a view'showing a generator with l rotating brushes, the working-circuits, andfapparatus in diagram,l said generatorbeing arranged to supply pulsating currents of alternating pola'rity. Figs. 11,12, and -13 are. detail views showing the commutator` and brushes of the generator in Fig. 1.0 in different positions. p

As indicated, A B are the polar extensions of the field-magnet system of the generator? seen in complete forni in`--Fig. 8, between they extensions'of which an armature C of the Gram me or any other type is rotatively mounted. The coreD of the armature is wound of carbon. The brushes F F' are placed upon the line of commutation and occupythat part ofthe commutator nearest the armature. Upon the armature-shaft C' is placed a rotating sleeve f, insulated from the shaft and provided with a pair of metallic arms GG', extending rearward to opposite points below and above the commutator, and in 'the eX- tremities of the said arms a second set of commutator-brushes g g" are secured.` The brush-holders G G are carefully insulated each from the other upon theirfcommon bear.- ing f', and adjacent to the axisof each is located a collectorring g2 g3. Upon the collector-rings g2 gs are placed contact-brushes H H', from which extend working-conductors h h', as will appear. The sleeve f, together with the brush-holders and collector-rings attached thereto,is mechanically rotated, thereby causing the commutator-brushes g g' to travel around the eommutator and to collectV currents therefrom of a duration depending upon the speed with which the said moving brushes' are moved. The sleeve f may be ro` tated in any convenient manner, the specific means being immaterial; but in Fig. 2 it is shown as provided with a vworrnavheell, which is engaged by a worm upon a drivtlie armature-'shaft of an electric motor J, and by which the shaft I', worin-wheel e', sleeve f, and commutator-brushes g g' may be rotated at any desired speed, suitable means being provided for regulating the mfotor. ln many instances it is, however, preferable to rotate the moving brushes by con-v nections ext-ending Vand receiving power from the armatureshaft. Suchan arrangement is shown in Figs. 6 and 7, Where, as indicated, the armaturelshaft C' yis provided :with a driving-pinionv C2, meshing-with a toothed gear G3 upon a countershaft C4, mounted in suitable bearings in brackets C5 or ,other support attached' to the frame of the machine. The moving brush g I-is carried by holder G', which is secured to a gear C, sleevedlupon the armature-shaft'. The gear C6 isgin mesh with a" pinion Cl-uponthe counter-shaft G4, which, `being rotated by. geanC and armature-pinion C2'con1inuni cates'rotary motion` to they brushfcarrying wheel C6, to move ,p the brush g around the commutator E at a fixed rate relative tothe armatnre'speed,"which maybe arranged as, desiredp-bysuitably proportioning the gears.r`

brushes,` desirably ing-shaft I', which may be an 'extension'ot "by way of illustration.

Another .form of brush-rotating gear is shown in Fig. 8, in which a relatively small pulley D' shaft C'. The counter-shaft Dcarries also a Smaller pulley D4, which is belted to a brush-carrying pulley D5, sleeved upon the armature-shaft C', the arrangement being is mounted .upon` the armature- 7,0i

substantially the, same as shown in Figs.,6

and 7, except that the connections are of a flexible instead of a rigid type. Vith either of these arrangements the relative speed of the armature and of the moving brush or brushes can be determined, and will V there- 8o aftervary'with the speed of the armature.

The working'circuits in Fig. l are from main brush F of generator'by conductor j, extending therefrom tothe motorscoil K of a reciprocating engine,- and returning by conductor' 85 h, connected to moving brush H. vThesecond working-circuit from ,the said generator is from brush F' by conductor y' to `motor-coil p L of a second reciprocating engine, returning through conductor h' to proving brush H .c The reciprocating engines here shown may be of a type seen `in my said Aprior application-that is to say, having a. singlemotorcoil for moving the piston in one direction, the reverse movement being effected -by a snitablespring lo' Z', as indicated, orvice versa. Within the said coils K L are arranged non-magnetic casings M and magnetic pistonsN,

adapted to be reciprocated within. the casings M under the influence of the motor-coils and 'a compression or other spring 7c' Z'f As here-indicated, the motor-coils con'- stitut'e two- Working-circuits for the generator; butthe said circuits `might be extended and include a pluralityot reciprocating engines or other motors, according to the capacity ofv the generator, two only being shown Assuming that the.

IOO

armature C fs capable of furnishing currenty of the desired constantpotential, the intensity,

lnections, arranged las shown in Fig. l, ifV the potential between F F jis one *hundred volts, the voltage between F and H andF.' `A H'fwill depend upon'the .relative positions ofthe IIO of which may vary with the circuits-and con- A moving brushes g g' with regard to the main 'i brushes F F', and currents will rise and fllsimultaneously the respective circuits and motor-coils K L, the' maximum currents being given Vwhen the largest number of,-V sections are between It-he brushes F g F' g,tlie A'said currents rising and falling inthe twosolemoids K L with/ the rotation Y of thelmoving brushes.

The'foregoing refers' to two separate Workf 1 ing-circuits, each supplied by one-half-of the' armature, the currents risingand falling in.

said circuits at the.same.tinie,'and` L haveshown' a single-coil vengine in each `'cir-tznit;v 1

bu'tby dividing the circuits, as.shown.bili-ig.A

`5,- doubl-coil engines can be' used. In said Fig. `5 the conductor j, extending frommain brush F, is "'bifurcated, `one part qleading to one motor-coil Q and the other '1: -to "niocoil Q and by conductor o" to motor-coil It',

returning from said coils to the moving brushes Aby conductors q2 r2, connected, re-

spectively, to brushes Il and Il'. positions shown the currents are maximum in coils Q' and R and minimum in coils Q andl R', the succeeding half -rotation of the brushes II Il' reversing the conditions. The current energy of the armaturel can, however, as readily be directed alternately in the separatecircuits whether the same be supplycircuits including a number of motor-coils suitably connected, orwhether the two circuits comprise the inotor-coils of a single reciprocating engine. Such an arrangement is indicated in Figs. 3 and 4, where, as will be seen, the co'minutator is provided with stationary brushes, as described; but in connection therewith I employ a single rotating collector-brush with connections. Upon the sleeve f is mounted an arm G', provided with commutator-brushy', upon the collectorring g3 of which beais a collector-brush I-I.

The inotor-coils K' L' are, as indicated,

o ing-circuits.

placed over a non-magnetic casing M, within ywhich a magnetic piston N (indicated in dotted liiies)i`s free to be reciprocated, and which is provided with a pick m or other suitable tool. Stationary brush F is connected to the terminal of coil L by eoiiductoi h, the other' stationary brush F being-similarly connected to the exterior ,terminal ofthe coil K" by conductor 7z,'..- IVhere, however, the currents are to be alternately directed to different circuits, the collector-brush II is connected, as by conductor h2, with the inner .terminals of both the coils K' L', or other worklVith this arrangement, as the sleeve f is rotated and the traveling collectorb rusli g carried around the coininutator E, it will alternately close the circuit upon first one and ,then the other of the stationary commutator-brushes, the brush II and conductor h2 constituting the return-circuit for the coils K' L alternately. It will thus be apparent that intermittent currents of any desired rapidity can be taken iii succession from the commutator of an armature of any type runnin g'at its most etiicient speed, whatever that might be; also, that the said currents can be supplied direct to a number of motors suitably connected therewith, or to a plurality of supply-circuits between which the motors aic connected; and, furthermore, the said eurrents,.rising and falling in intensity, can be taken olf by rotating commutator brushes without tliedestructive sparking accompanying the sudden rupture of a fully-chargedcircuit,

In man v instances where it is desired to convey the current over long distances to the point of consumption it is desirable to use current of relatively high potential; and to The con-l \Vith the 'supply-circuitef coil L'.

provide the translating devices with tensionreducing devices or converters. Since the rate of production of intermittent or defined currents according to my invention is not in any way dependent upon the potential of the main supply-current, I may use a machiney producing current of any desired voltage, the current being sent to line through the phasing devices described, and transformed into currents of lower potential at or'near the point or points of consumption and without the use of any circuit shifting, changing, or breaking devices. Such arrangements are indicated in Figs. 4 and 8.

The apparatus seen in Fig. l comprises a form of reciprocating engine shown iii my said prior application, and including a single coil for producing the power-sti'oke and a spring for retracting the piston.

In Fig. 3 a forni of engine is shown comprising two ii'iotor-coils--one producing the forward and the other the backward strokes. A desirable means for regulating the flow pt current in the respective coils is indicated 1n Fig. 3 in the form of an adjustable resistance h3, included in the supply-ciicuit of coil K',

a similar resistance h4 being included in the By adjusting the resistances h3 h4, I canvary the effective power of said coils so as to produce a greater force on ,the forward or, power stroke and weakening the effect of the coil K', bywhich the piston is retracted, thereby preventing or diminishing the wear andl tear on the machine duc to the shock of the return-stroke.

Another means for accomplishing the same result, but which I prefer, since no artificial resistances are used, and consequently no current lost thereby, is indicated in Fig. 0. Assuming' the forward stroke should have twicev the power of the 4return stroke, I

'wind or connect the motor-coils in three sections or divisions, each of substantially the same resistance. The two front coils are connected in multiplearc with their supply-conductors and the back coil singly. The resistance of the two tront'coils, taken together, will only be one-half that of the back coil, and consequently twiceas much current will flow in the front coils as inthe back one, thereby giving the preponderance of power to the forward movement of the piston. This arrangement is indicated in Fig. 4, in which is seen a tliree-wire circuit similar to those seen in Fig. 3, but also including tension-re-I ducing devices in connection with reciprocating engines, as well as other forms of apparatus, as will appear. .The outer terminals of coils K2 L2, acting as primaries, are in circuit with ,tlie conductors h h' and the stationary commutator-brushes, and their inner terminals are both connected to the returneonductor h2, leading to the moving brush g'. Secondary coils k2 Z2 are arranged in induct- IIO ive relation to the coils KL?, said secondary v coils being connected `by conductors O O' Oi with the coils K', K3, and L3 of a reciprocating engine. Secondary currents generated in the coils k2 Z2 bythe intermittent currents flowing in the main circuit and primary coils K2 L2 will be led to the motor-coils K K3 L3, substantially in the same manner as if said motor-coils were supplied direct from the generator and phasing device seen in Fig. 3. The front coils K K8 are connected in multiple arc between conductors O O2 and the back coil L between conductors O O2. The same results will be produced by using two coils, the sectional area of one being greater than that of the other. vWith a current of constant potential, current will llow into the working-circuits in proportion to the respective resistance thereof, and therefore, when it is desired that the front coil shall develop, for instance, twice the power of the back coil, by making the conductors of the front coil of twice the sectional area of those of the back coil the desired results will be produced. Such an arrangement is indicated in Fig. 6, where itl will be seen that the conductors comprising they motor-coil L are larger in size than those of the coil K', the current dividing between the said coils in proportion to their respective resistances.

. The intermittent continuous currents produced according to my invention may be formed or created by means differing from those already described, and the invention is not limited to the means already referred to.`

Another method of accomplishing the described results would be to supply continuous current to a rotating commutator through stationary brushes and collect and distribute currents of rising and falling potential from moving brushes arranged substantially as in Fig. 2. r Such an organization is' seen in Fig. 9, in which T 'is an electric motor having a continuously-connected armature C? of the Gramme or other type and a sectional com-l mutator E, upon which bear stationary brushes F F', and which is further provided with a movingbrush g, rotated about the said commutator E by any suitable means, as previously described. The motor T is supplied With continuous current from conductors 6 7, extending from any suitable source of continuous currents and connected to the said motor by conductors 8 9, attached to binding-posts P3 N3. The field-magnets of the motor are connected in any suitable manner with respect to the armature, which is supplied with current through the stationary brushes F F', which are connected to the binding-posts P3N3, and the armature of said motor should be arranged to rotate at a substantially constant speed. Several pieces of apparatus actuated by my improved electromagnetic reciprocating engines are shown in 'connection with the pulsator T. At T2is indicated a hammer, which may be actuated by a double-coil motor, such as shown in Fig. 3, the circuitfconnections h h h2 being led to separate binding-posts connected with coils upon the interior of the casing, (seen in the drawings. substantially as indicated in said Fig. 3.

T3 indicates a reciprocating engine similar to that in Fig. 2, but shown as applied to a somewhat dierent form of work. Asindi cated, the engine 'l3 is supported by a bracket t', extending from an upright t2,which is also provided with a second bracket t3, carrying an anvil or die t4, upon which, as shown, are placed two pieces of metal t5 t6 to be united by rivets t7, which when placed upon the anvil t* are set up by blows of a suitable hammer t8, attached to the extremity of the pisl ton-rod m. v

T* indicates a form ot apparatus shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1-that is to say, the engine T4 is provided with a single actuating coil, the return-stroke being etected by a i spring k. The piston-rod m of the engine T4 may be connected, as shown, to an arm T9, pivoted at one end to an upright fu. and carrying at its free extremity a hammer or other tool u', adapted when oscillated by reciprocations of the piston-rod m to act upon work u2 upon a suitable anvil a3. No work is connected to the armature-shaft of the motor T unless it be desired to apply a, brake thereto for purposes of regulating the speed, and the said armature being rotated by the continuous currents from` the line will serve' to distribute pulsating currents in a manner similar to the machine shown in Fig. l 2, with this difference', however, that the current sent to the various working-circuits is received from the continuous- current supplyconductors 6 and 7. The supply-conductor is connected to the binding-post?3 of the motor, to which are connected the stationary brush F and the outgoing circuits hj of the various engines, which said circuits correspond to the circuits similarly indicated and previously described. The opposing circuits h are all similarly connected to binding-post y N3, which is connected to the line-conductor 7 and to the stationary brush F. The moving brushl g is electrically connected with a binding post or posts u", to which the returncircuit of the various engines are connected by conductors h2. With this or equivalent construction it will be understood that as the brush g travels around the current from the supply- conductors 6 and 7 will ilow through the several circuits as the rotating brush ap` proaches and recedes from the stationaryi brushes F F, thus producing rising and falll ing currents in the said circuits. This arrangement Will be very convenient in many instances-as, for example, Where a source of continuous current is available and the circumstances do not require or justify the installation of a separate generator arranged as herein set forth. A

In Fig. 8 is seen a completely-organized circuit including a generator having fieldmagnets A B and armature C, the commutator and brush-rotating mechanism having been previously described. Thel generator may be of any desired continuous-current type. The field-magnets of the generator may be energized from a separate exciter or by a shunt-circuit, (indicated by conductors 3, 4, and 5.) As shown, the working-circuit of said generator is on the three-wire distributlon pr1nciple, previously referred to in connection with Fig. 3, conductors h hrepresenting the stationary or main commutatorbrushcs and the conductor h2, and moving brush by which potential is caused to Vrise and'fall in thc saidcircuit. The various. species of reciprocating electro-magnetic engines hereinbefore referred to may be operated in one circuit, as ind-icated in said Fig.' 8. At S is seen a two-coil reciprocating engine operated by secondary current-s from converters S S2, the circuits and mode of operation of said converters being similar 'to the apparatus seen in Fig. 4. The reciprocating engine, however, differs from that seen in Fig. 4 in having two instead of' three coils, although it will be apparent that one of the coils may be subdivided and connected as described. The engine shown at Tis similar to that seen in Fig. 3 and already described. The single-coil engine seen 4at U is similar to those illustrated in connection with Fig. 1. The apparatus shownvinfeircuit with the generator in Fig. 8 may bepro= vided with any of the regulating devices hereinbcfore referred to, and, being all connected in multiple arc, they can be operated without interference echwith' the other and will take current according to their severalresistances or theresistances--oftheir'several portions.

Although of rising and falling potential, thccurrents flowing in the circuits hh h2 are always of the same polarity, and therefore it will be understood that I may operate any kind of continuous-current translating devices thereby. The invention is not, however, limited to the production of rising and falling currents of constant polarity, since by simply connecting the working-circuit to the' rotating brushes g g', without including the stationary brushes, the currents sent to line will be of the same character as those hereinbefore referred to, but of alternatingxpol larity. Such an arrangement is indicated in Fig. 10, in which the generator does not dilier materially from that shown and described with reference'to Fig. 8, except in having two rotating brushes, as shownv in Fig. 1. The working-circuit connections are, however, differently disposed, the main supply-conductf `ors 10 1.1 being connected to moving 'brushes Q 0C V indicates a single-coil reciprocating en gine similar to those shown (K and L) in connection with Fig. 1, the -n1otor-coil K being connected to the working-circuit 10 11 by conductors 12 The engine Vis provided with a piston N of magnetic material, as iron, and is "provided with a piston-rod m., which- L. maycarryahammeru at its extremity. When a current-wave of one polarity flows through the coil K, the piston N will be attracted and raised thereby. 0n the fall of this phase `and before the succeeding phase has acqu'ired any strength the piston will be released., The Vsucceeding phase, which will be of opposite polarity, will in turn attract and raise the plunger or pist'on, which, as before, wiHAfall and perform work during the interval be of the hammer u' can of course be increased j by 'the addition of .a spring, but, as indicated,

the blow is c ected by the weight of the pis'- ton N. A `V indicates a double-acting electro-magnetic engine operated by alternating currents. The engine V is provided with two motor-coils c r', connected in multiple arc by conductors 14 15, extending to the line-con'- ductors 10 11, and the'flow of currents therethrough of alternatinglpolarit'yl will produce, for example, positive poles at each end of` saidcoils and a negative pole in the center,I

the succeedin g phase reversing the polarities,

as indicated by the signs in full and dottedv lines.v The eligiiie V is provided with apo,-

larizedor permanently-magnetized' steel piston N', and since the'magnet-ism of thepiston does not change the lshifting of polarity in .the coils o c' under the influence of the cur- .rents of alternating' polarityflowing there-.w

se'k

threughfthe-said-pistonwill be reciprocatedxin synchronism therewith. y

In Fig.` 11 the moving brushes g..g vare at zero, vbeing in positions equidistant from the stationary brushes F F', in which positions,

the circuits being balanced, no currents will flow, except, of course, through the circuits ofthe generator proper, the iieldfmagnets be'-v l i rio with the stationary brushes F F.. Asthe ing shown as connected by conductors 16 17 brush -g 'approaches the' brush` F and the ,brushcgv the brush F, a constantly-increasing vcurrent will ilow through said brushes, the 1 I 5 maximum currents `passing when said rotating brushes are nearest tofthe stationary brushes toward which they are moving, the said currents diminishing as Vthe moving brushesl travel away from the stationary brushes until the zero-point is reached and theA brushes g are upon theopposite sides of the colnmutator in thepositions the reverse f of those indicated in Fig. 11. lIn Fig.'12 the brushes are seen as having moved from' the 1,

zero-point toward the stationarybrushes, when currents, as indicated by the signs, flowthrough the .main conductors. @In Fig. 13 the relative positions are the same as those seen in Fig. 12,- the letteringfindic'ating that the brushes g g have passed the zero-point and are now approaching the opposite set of stationary brushes from those indicated in Fig. y12, u-nder which conditions currents'of' oppof site sign are flowing in the main, conductors,

medicated., 'wlan-this sinngemss merel' for'ejther'e will bestwo reversals o f the cur rent` 1urngeachcomplete rotation of the 'which the collecting-brushes are moved.

Various changesand moditications'may be -made inthe structure and varrangement of the rc.

hereinbefore-described lapparat-us without departing from the invention, and I therefore do net limit myself to the precise details (le-I.

Y brushes,

scribed and'shown by Wayv of illustration.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

S-fv

l. The combination, with a sectional commutato'r and a source'of electric currents, of a set or sets of brushes constantly movedabout 'said commutator toward and away from the points otfmaiximum andl zero electro-motive force, and suitable working-.circuits supplied vfrom sald brushes and in Whichthe potential is caused 'tof'coustantly rise and fall by the' `action ofthemoving brushes.-

12. The combination, with a sectional coni'- mutator and a source of electric'currentsbf a Set' or setsof `stationary brushes upon -the commutatona' setor setsof brushes constantly moved about said commutator to and Afrom the'. stationary brushes, and suitable working-circuits supplied from said commutatnrbrushes, and in which thej` potential is caused v I`to constantly rise and fall by the action of the moviug'brushes, substantially as described.'y 3.' Thecombination .of an v electric machine ot-'the continuous-current type having col!l lecting and distributing commutator-.brushes uponthe commutator thereof, working-cir-V euitsflconneicted to said brushes, and, means for constantly Vmoving. one ofthe sets of brushes toward and awayfrom the other,

thereby varying the potential between the said collectingl and distributing brushes and Achanging the continuous into a pulsating or intermittent current inthe `working-circuits. 4. A11 electric generator havin'gla sectional armature and commutator, and a set of sta tionary brushes therefor, and an additionalv brush or brushes constantly movingnpon said commutator to raiseand lower the potentiali inthe working-circuits of the machine, sub.

stantially asdescribed.

v5.,'An-el'ectrie generator having a sectional armature and a sectional commutator, a set orsets of stationary .brushes upon ,said commutator, and a set or sets of brushes vcapable of constantly being' moved upon the sectional cor`nmutator toward and away from the', points of maximum and zero electro-motive force,

substantially as described.

one or more sets of stationary brushes upon the commutator thereof, one or more brushes constantly moving about thev commutator to and from the stationary brushes,`and connections between the Working circuit or circuits and the stationary and moving brushes, sub.- stantially as described.' Y Vj 7. -An electricgenerator o'f thecontinuonscurrent type, having an'armature and commutator, two or more main brush es upon the commutator, and one or more, y constantly revolving upon'the com'mutator, in order to produce constantly-recurrin g changes of potential between the main and revolving and connections-from main and re- Volving brushes to working-circuits, substantially as described; y y 8.An. electric generator having an armature and commutator therefor, two main stationarybrushes, one or more brushes' capable of constantly movingaround the commutator,

and working-circuits and translating devices between said brushes and actuated by the recurring rise and fall of current in said working-circuits, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with a generator or armature ofthe continuous-current type, of working-circuits therefor, and'connections between one side of 'each circuit and the com- Lmutatorbrushes, and an additional commuftator brush or. brushes connected to the other lsides of said workingcircuit, and means for constantly V,moving the auxiliary brush or -brnshesuponjthe -comnrutator to produce a rising and falling' of potential in the workings circuit, substantially as described'.

working-circuits therefor and connections between one s ideot each circuit and-the main commutator-brushes, and an additional conimutator brush or brushes connected to the other sides of said Working-circuit, and means for constantly rotating the auxiliary brush or brushes continuously around the commutator 'to raise and lower the potential successively inthe several circuits, substantially as described.

.11. A pulsating-current generator having Aan armature with sectional-winding and a sectional commutator therefor, one or more sets of stationary brushes upon the revolving commutator and one or more constantly-mow ingbrushes upon said commutator, in order to .vary-the potential between the stationary and the moving brushes and proper circuits from' said brushes tothe working circuit or circuits, substantially as described.

l2. A system of producing electric currents of succeeding rising and falling Waves, consisting of an electric-machine capableof pro ducing a potential between itsA ystationary brushes or collectors, anda' traveling con 6. A system of generating and distributing`V currents of rising and falling potential, con.

sisting of a dynamo-electric generator having stantly-moving brush or brushes adapted to be moved betweenthe main brushes of the machine upon the sectional .commutators of the same, so as to produce a difference in po tent-ial between the stationary and the mov brushes capable of4 A roo 10. The combination, with a generator or varmature ot the continuous-'current type, of

ing brushes, and proper connections between the stationary and moving brushes and the working-circuit, substantially as described.

13. The combination, with a sectional coinmutator and source of continuous current-s, of a set or sets of stationary brushes upon the coinmutator, a set oi sets of brushes moved about said coniinutator to and from the stationary brushes to produce pulsating or rising and falling currents in suitable working-eireuits, an electro-magnetic reciprocating en eine having a motor eeil or coils connected to said working-circuits, and a magnetic piston moving within the coil or coils in synchronisin with the rise and fall of energy therein.

ll. The combination, with a source of pulsating or rising and ialling currents, of a reciprocating electro-magnetic engine .having at opposite ends thereof motor-coils of different capacities energized in alternation, and two circuits extending between the source ot current and said motor-coils.

15. The combination, with aseetional coniniiitator and a source of continuous currents, of a set or sets of stationary brushes upon the eominutator, a set'or sets of brushes moved about said coininu'tator to and from the stationary brushes, two working-circuits connected to said cominutator-brushes and including the motor-coils of @electromagnetic reciprocating engine, said coils being of different conduetive capacity, and in which the potential is caused to rise and fall by the action of the rnoijingmbrushes, substantially as described.

16. The combination, with a rotating sectional cominutator and a source of continuous currents, of a set or vsets of brushes ai ranged to be constantly moved about the eoinmutator, and drivin g-gea'r connected to a trollable motor, and connections between the J motor and the moving brushes for .moving `said brushes about said eomniutator with a controllable speed.

18. The combination, with a sectional coininntator and a source ot' electric currents, of a set or sets of brushes arranged to be constanti y moved about the coinniutator, an independent controllable inotor, and connections between the moving part of said motor and the moving brushes for continuously moving said brushes about said eoininntator with a controllable speed, and thereby varying the potential of currents transmitted therethrough to suitable working-conductors.

19. The combination, with a source of pulsating or rising and falling currents of relatively high potential, of an electro-magnetic reciprocating engine having a motor coil er coils, and a magnetic piston moved within the coil or coils in synehronisni with the rise and fall ot' energy therein,and tension-rc# ducing devices in circuit with the said motorcoils and the supplycireuit.

In testimony whereof I hereto aliix mysignature in presence ot two witnesses.

CHARLES J. VAN DEWlELE.

Witnesses:

J. W. GIBBONEY, GUsTAvE IIELLnuUCK.

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