US419130A - George pirnie - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. PIRNIE.

WHIP.

110.419,13). Patented Jan. 7,1890.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE PIRNIE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

WHIP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 419,130, dated January '7, 1890.

I Application led February l1, 1889. Serial No. 299,522. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE PIRNIE, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in YVhips; and -I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to carriage-whips and other whips having a covered stock, which may all be classed together as covered whips. The body of a covered whip is usually made up of a core or center with an inner lining or covering of skin or cloth wrapped or wound around the core and with an external woven or plaited covering. The lower part of the core is usually re-enforced or stocked in with strips of rattan applied longitudinally. The tip of the whip is usually finished off with a loop, in which the snap or snapper is fastened.

My invention relates to an improved means of fastening the snap to the body of the whip and of strengthening the snap itself. The snap is simply a silk or cotton cord of suitable length and thickness knotted at one end. The unknotted end is sometimes finished with a loop, and the snap is then fastened by knotting the loop of the snap with the loop on the end of the whip-stock. The more common mode, however, `of fastening the snap is to have its unknotted end finished as aplain cord and then to pass this end through the loop on the whip-stock, doubling the end back on the snap, and then braiding the two portions of the snap in with the free ends of an additional thread or cord, the middle of which is fastened to and about the loop on the stock and outside of the outer plaited covering. The ends in the braid are then secured in some suitable manner.

Both the above methods of fastening the snap are objectionable, because the loop on the end of the whip-stock is liable to break from the strain caused by a blow on the harness or by the oft-repeated cracking of the whip. The breaking of the loop practically spoils the whip, as it is a difficult matter for an ordinary harness-maker to repair a broken loop.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved means for fastening the snap to the body of the whip, which by reducing the stra-in on the loop will prevent the loop from breaking, and will increase the durability of the whip generally, besides adding other desirable qualities.

My invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, which are hereby made a part of this specification, and in which similar letters refer to similar parts.

VFigure l represents the tip of a covered whip. II is the core or center'. B is an inner covering or lining of skin, cloth, or other suitable material. Ais an outer woven or plaited covering. O is the loop. Fig. 2 represents the tip of a whip with asnapper attached by my method. F is the snap, and G is the unknotted end of the snap, which is passed through the loop, doubled back, and braided in. Fig. 3 represents the tip and snapper with the fastening completed and the ends secured. Figs. e and 5 represent modied forms of my invention. Fig. 6 represents a form of my invent-ion in which only one strip E is' used. y In its preferred form I carry out my invention as follows: In whips in which the lining or'inner covering B of the whip extends to the extremity of the whip-stock below the loop C, I allow one or more narrow strips E E of the material of which the lining B is composed to project several inches beyond the end, said strips E E being continuous with the lining B. The lining B being usually wound or wrapped in a ribbon about the center Il, the free end of the ribbon of lining need onlybe slit down its middle and the two parts will serve as the narrow strips E E or part of the end of the ribbon of lining may.

IOO

pose for which the strips E E are intended, I lay one or more strips E E of suitably tough material along the end of the stock for a distance of several inches before plaiting, and then, plaiting on the covering A over the strips, I allow the ends of the strips to project as before at EE. (See Fig. 4.) What I say hereinafter about the strips E E applies equally to the strips E E', but I will, for convenience, speak only of strips E E. I now pass the unknotted end G of the snapper F through the loop C and double it back V on the snapper Fin the usual Way. Then the strips'E E, first being wet, if of skin, are braided together with the snapper F and its end G, as shown in Fig. 2, fastened in any suitable way, as at J. (See Fig. 3.) Before braiding` in the strips E E, I prefer to iie one of the strips E about the other strip E, the snap F and the end G just above the loop C forming the knot K, and I tie a similar knot after the braiding at K.

In the braiding I may leave the braided;v portions of the strips E E slightly shorter than the braided portions of the snap. This will require some care if the strips E E be of cloth or other fibrous material. If, howeveig; the strips E E be of skin, no attention needQj be paid to the length in the braiding, for thei strips, being` wet before braiding, will shrink@ slightly upon drying, and thus become a triiie shorter than the cord of the snap. ject of this shortening is to relieve the straim on the loop C. If the strips E E be knotted,`v as in Fig. 2, and be shortened, as just eX- plained, the strain may be made to bear first; on the knot K', then on the knot K, and then@ on' the loop C, and iinally on the junctions of,` the strips E E with the covering A; or the relative lengths of the strips E E and of the; braided portions of the snap may be so adjusted as to distribute the strain equally all'; the way from the knot K to the loop C and beyond it to the junctions aforesaid. In practice I shall generally use eel-skin; for the strips E E and E E. In Letters Pat-` ent of the United States No. 375,950, granted tome January', 1888, I have given a full de-y scription of the qualities of eel-skin and the met-hod of preparing it for use, and I herebyv refer to said letters for such description. The qualities therein mentioned make eel-skin far the best material for the purposes of my present invention. It is so thin andV so pliable when wet as to be easily braided with the snap. Its shrinkageis so great that the strips E E, if made of eel-skin and braided in while wet, Will on drying shorter than the braided portions of the snap.

It needs no tanning or other preparation, and its toughness is extraordinary. Vhen the snap is fastened with eel-'skin vstrips E E, braided and knotted in the manner described, itis almost impossible to break the loop C or to break the snap F from the Whip in any way, unless the snap F itself wear out, and that, as I shall show, is a matter easily remeand the loose ends' The ob-;

become perceptibly died. I have thus accomplished the muchsought-for object of making a whip with a snap, in which the loop C cannot break with any amount of ordinary use. The great value of this invention will readily be perceived by any horseman. It is Well known among whipmakers that nothing is more needed in the manufacture of whips than some satisfactory means of re-enforcing the loop C. My invention furnishes such-a means.

Should the snap itself break-say above the knot K-or if the means employed for fastening the loose ends of the strips E E and portions of the snap at .I become unfastened, it is a very simple matter -to unbraid the strips and snap, put in a new snap if needed, and ,braid the whole up again, the loop Gand the strips E E being uninjured. Thus not only have we a stronger fastening for the snap, but one easily repaired. f

An additional use of the method of fastening I have described is to stiften the snap, so

that it will stand straighter and droopr over less. This is also a 'point which has been sought forin the manufacture of whips. Any softening from dampness may be prevented by varnishing the parts after braiding.

I do not Wish to limit myself to the methods described either for holding the strips E E and E E along r about thestockor for fastening them to the snap F. Thestrips may be twisted about the snap or braided Without knotting or fastened in some other manner. They may be Wound spirally around the end of the stock instead of being applied longitudinally. It is obvious that but one strip E or E', as shown in Fig. 6, may be employed. I do not limit myself to anypartic ular number of strips, but have shown two for` convenience.` I Wish, indeed, to cover every method and all cases in which one or more` strips of ,any Suitable material, either lcontinuous with the lining B or applied to the upper endof the whip-stock, are attached securely to the; stock under Athe plaited cover and below the; loop 0,-and are then carried outside of andabove thevloop C and securely attached to the` snap F, whereby the loop C is re-enforcedl and the strain thereon is reduced. A similarrdevice could be employed for strengthening the fastening oflashes to whips. v

Any proper material for a center may be employed with my invention, and any de sired form of snap suitable forbraiding. I may also dispense altogetherpwith the silk or cotton snap by employing three or more of the strips E .E of suitable length and Width, rolling them intov cord` shape, and braiding them tightly together, so as to forin the snap entirely of the strips The iinishing of the Whip in all its parts may be as usual. ,v i

I-Iaving described r my invention, `what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

l. A whip provided with improved means IOO IIO

of fastening for the whip-snap,'said means whip-lining is composed, which strips, being continuous with the lining, project through the plaited covering below the loop C, extend beyond the said loop, and are securely attached to the whip-snap, whereby the said loop is re-enforced and the strain thereon reduced, substantially as shown and described, 2o

and for the purposes set forth.

GEORGE PIRNIE. In presence of- F. L. CRAWFORD, JOSEPH K. BRICK.

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