US4189661A - Electrodeless fluorescent light source - Google Patents

Electrodeless fluorescent light source Download PDF

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Publication number
US4189661A
US4189661A US05/959,823 US95982378A US4189661A US 4189661 A US4189661 A US 4189661A US 95982378 A US95982378 A US 95982378A US 4189661 A US4189661 A US 4189661A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
high frequency
electrodeless lamp
discharge apparatus
power
source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/959,823
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul O. Haugsjaa
Edward F. White
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Laboratories Inc filed Critical GTE Laboratories Inc
Priority to US05/959,823 priority Critical patent/US4189661A/en
Priority to NL7906321A priority patent/NL7906321A/nl
Priority to DE19792941269 priority patent/DE2941269A1/de
Priority to CA000338526A priority patent/CA1136204A/fr
Priority to JP14457779A priority patent/JPS5568064A/ja
Priority to GB7939116A priority patent/GB2042252B/en
Priority to FR7927979A priority patent/FR2441921A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US4189661A publication Critical patent/US4189661A/en
Assigned to GTE PRODUCTS CORPORATION reassignment GTE PRODUCTS CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: GTE LABORATORIES INCORPORATED
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
    • H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
    • H01J65/044—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by a separate microwave unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J65/00—Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
    • H01J65/04—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels
    • H01J65/042—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field
    • H01J65/046—Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating plasma display panels by an external electromagnetic field the field being produced by using capacitive means around the vessel

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electromagnetic discharge apparatus and more particularly to electrodeless fluorescent light sources in which a low pressure mercury discharge contained in a phosphor coated envelope is excited by high frequency power in a termination fixture.
  • radio frequency power typically at a frequency of 4 MHz
  • a discharge medium contained in a phosphor coated envelope by an induction coil connected to a radio frequency source.
  • the discharge medium Upon excitation, the discharge medium emits radiation which in turn causes excitation of the phosphor to produce visible light.
  • the induction coil acts as an antenna and produces a considerable amount of RFI (Radio Frequency Interference).
  • RFI Radio Frequency Interference
  • Optically transparent shielding is relatively difficult in this frequency range.
  • allowable tolerances on operating frequencies as required by the FCC are low for the frequencies used by Hollister and may require the use of crystal controlled oscillators.
  • Electrodeless light sources which operate by coupling high frequency power, typically 915 MHz, to a high pressure arc discharge in an electrodeless lamp have been developed. These light sources typically include a high frequency power source connected to a termination fixture with an inner conductor and an outer conductor surrounding the inner conductor as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,942,058 issued Mar. 2, 1976 to Haugsjaa et al. and U.S. Pat. No. 3,942,068 issued Mar. 2, 1976 to Haugsjaa et al. The electrodeless lamp is positioned at the end of the inner conductor and acts as a termination load for the fixture.
  • the termination fixture has the function of matching the impedance of the electrodeless lamp during high pressure discharge to the output impedance of the high frequency power source.
  • the inner conductor has a length equal to one quarter wavelength at the operating frequency.
  • a capacitor which compensates for the reactive component of the lamp impedance.
  • the dimensions of the termination fixture are such that the complex electrodeless lamp impedance is matched to the source impedance.
  • Another method of constructing a termination fixture which matches the electrodeless lamp to the power source is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,943,404 issued Mar. 9, 1976 to McNeill et al.
  • a helical coil couples the inner conductor to the electrodeless lamp and compensates for the reactive component of the electrodeless lamp impedance.
  • both the electrodeless lamp and the termination fixture must be capable of transmitting visible light.
  • the light transmitting portion of the termination fixture typically includes a transparent dome covered with a conductive mesh.
  • a fine mesh is effective as an RFI shield, and little of the light output is blocked.
  • a heavier conductive mesh is required to accomplish effective shielding because of the reduced skin effect at lower frequencies.
  • a heavier conductive mesh is undesirable not only because more light output is blocked, but also because the cost is increased.
  • the following United States patents relate generally to electrodeless light sources utilizing a high pressure discharge in a termination fixture and may be of interest.
  • an electromagnetic discharge apparatus includes an electrodeless lamp in a termination fixture and can include a source of power at high frequency.
  • the electrodeless lamp has an envelope made of a substance transparent to ultraviolet radiation enclosing a fill material which emits ultraviolet radiation upon breakdown and excitation.
  • the termination fixture has an outer envelope, an inner conductor and an outer conductor disposed around the inner conductor.
  • the conductors have a first end adapted for coupling to a high frequency power source and a second end coupled to the electrodeless lamp so that said electrodeless lamp forms a termination load for the fixture and emits ultraviolet radiation when high frequency power is applied to said fixture.
  • the outer envelope has a phosphor coating which emits visible light upon absorption of ultraviolet radiation and is coupled to and encloses the second end of the outer conductor.
  • an electromagnetic discharge apparatus in another embodiment, includes an electrodeless lamp in a termination fixture and can include a source of power at high frequency.
  • the electrodeless lamp has an envelope made of a light transmitting substance which is coated with a phosphor which emits visible light upon absorption of ultraviolet radiation.
  • the envelope encloses a fill material which emits ultraviolet radiation upon breakdown and excitation.
  • the termination fixture has an inner conductor and an outer conductor disposed around the inner conductor.
  • the conductors have a first end adapted for coupling to a high frequency power source and a second end coupled to said electrodeless lamp so that said electrodeless lamp forms a termination load for the fixture.
  • the phosphor coating emits visible light in response to excitation by ultraviolet radiation from said fill material which high frequency power is applied to the fixture.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an electrodeless fluorescent light source according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an alternative embodiment of an electrodeless fluorescent light source according to the present invention.
  • an electromagnetic discharge apparatus includes an electrodeless lamp 10 mounted in a termination fixture 12.
  • the discharge apparatus more specifically an electrodeless fluorescent light source, can include a high frequency power source 14.
  • high frequency power sources are those in the frequency range from 100 MHz to 300 GHz.
  • the frequency is in the ISM band (industrial scientific, and medical band) which ranges from 902 MHz to 928 MHz.
  • One preferred frequency of operation is 915 MHz.
  • the electrodeless lamp 10 includes an envelope made of a substance capable of transmitting ultraviolet radiation, typically quartz.
  • the envelope forms a closed shell which encloses a fill material which produces a low pressure glow discharge upon excitation.
  • the glow discharge generates ultraviolet radiation.
  • the fill material is typically a Penning mixture of mercury and an inert gas. For example, one fill mixture is 6 torr of neon with an excess of mercury.
  • the envelope can have various shapes, but is typically cylindrical or spherical. In this embodiment, the electrodeless lamp 10 is not phosphor coated.
  • the electrodeless lamp envelope can have an ultraviolet reflecting coating 20 on a portion of its inner surface to aid in directing all ultraviolet radiation 18 toward the phosphor coated surface of the termination fixture 12.
  • the termination fixture 12 includes an inner conductor 22 and an outer conductor 24.
  • the outer conductor 24 is disposed around the inner conductor 22, typically in a coaxial configuration.
  • the termination fixture 12 also includes a transparent envelope 26 with a phosphor coating 28 on its inner surface.
  • the transparent envelope 26 is coupled to the second end 30 of the outer conductor 24 and has a conductive mesh 32 shown in FIG. 1 on the outer surface of the transparent envelope 26.
  • the purpose of the mesh 32 is to provide effective shielding at the frequency of operation, thus preventing the emission of RFI from the termination fixture 12.
  • the conductive mesh 32 can be either on the outer surface or the inner surface of the transparent envelope 26, or can be included in the envelope material, without changing the shielding effect.
  • the conductive mesh 32 can reduce RFI to a level of 5 microwatts per square centimeter at a distance of 10 cm from the light source. However, the conductive mesh 32 must also provide minimum blockage of light output.
  • the transparent envelope 26 is dome shaped and is made of glass.
  • the phosphor coating 28 is one of the standard coatings commonly used in commercial fluorescent lamps.
  • the inner conductor 22 and the outer conductor 24 each have a first end 34 which is adapted for coupling to a high frequency power source 14. The coupling to the high frequency power source is typically by coaxial cable. In an alternative configuration, the high frequency power source is incorporated into the base of the electrodeless light source as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,070,603, FIG. 1.
  • the electrodeless lamp 10 is located at the second end 36 of the inner conductor 22 which can be adapted for mounting of the lamp. Impedance matching of the electrodeless lamp 10 to the high frequency power source 14 can be achieved by known configurations of the termination fixture 12.
  • the inner conductor 22 has a length equal to one quarter wavelength at the operating frequency and a capacitor (not shown) is located at the source end of the fixture.
  • a helical coil (not shown) couples the inner conductor 22 to the electrodeless lamp 10 and acts as an inductive matching component.
  • the glow discharge in the electrodeless lamp 10 is initiated when the high frequency power source 14 is turned on.
  • High frequency power travels along the inner conductor 22 and causes ionization and breakdown within the electrodeless lamp 10.
  • Ultraviolet radiation 18, which is produced by the glow discharge in the electrodeless lamp, is absorbed by the phosphor coating 28 on the inner surface of the transparent envelope 26 which in turn generates visible light 38.
  • One advantage of the above-described configuration is that the phosphor surface is isolated from the hostile environment of the glow discharge, thus slowing degradation of the lumen output of the phosphor coating.
  • the second end 30 of the outer conductor 24 can be adapted for easy removal of the transparent envelope 26 with the phosphor coating 28, for example, by snapping out.
  • the phosphor coating 28 can be replaced when its lumen output degrades without the necessity for replacing the entire light source.
  • a light source in accordance with the above-described embodiment of the invention gave a light output of 40.7 lumens per watt of high frequency power.
  • an electromagnetic discharge apparatus in another preferred embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 2, includes an electrodeless lamp 50 mounted in a termination fixture 52.
  • the discharge apparatus more specifically an electrodeless fluorescent light source, can include a high frequency power source 14.
  • the electrodeless lamp 50 includes an envelope made of a light transmitting substance.
  • the envelope forms a closed shell which encloses a fill material which produces a low pressure glow discharge upon excitation.
  • the glow discharge generates ultraviolet radiation.
  • the fill material is typically a Penning mixture of mercury and an inert gas. For example, one fill mixture is 6 torr of neon with an excess of mercury.
  • the envelope can have various shapes without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • One exemplary shape is a reentrant cylinder which is defined for the purposes of this disclosure as follows.
  • the cylinder has a first end 54 which is closed and a second end 56 which is closed but has a cylindrical cavity 58 of smaller diameter than the main cylinder extending into the main cylinder.
  • One example of an electrodeless lamp having the shape of a reentrant cylinder has an overall length of 4.675 inches and an outside diameter of 2.0 inches with a wall thickness of 0.040 inch.
  • the cavity extending into the main cylinder has a length of 4.0 inches and a diameter of 0.875 inch.
  • the inner surface of the electrodeless lamp 50 has a phosphor coating 60.
  • the phosphor coating 60 is one of the standard coatings commonly used in commercial fluorescent lamps and emits visible light upon excitation by ultraviolet radiation.
  • the termination fixture 52 includes an inner conductor 62 and an outer conductor 64.
  • the outer conductor 64 is disposed around the inner conductor 62, typically in a coaxial configuration.
  • the inner conductor 62 and the outer conductor 64 each have a first end 66 which is adapted for coupling to a high frequency power source 14.
  • the coupling to the high frequency power source is typically by coaxial cable.
  • the high frequency power source is incorporated into the base of the electrodeless light source as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,070,603, FIG. 1.
  • the high frequency power source 14 can be operated from full wave rectified 60 Hz ac power as above-described.
  • the electrodeless lamp 50 is coupled to the second end 68 of the outer conductor 64 and the second end 70 of the inner conductor 62.
  • Mechanical support for the electrodeless lamp 50 can be provided either by the inner conductor 62 or the outer conductor 64 depending on the configuration of the electrodeless lamp 50.
  • the lamp 50 is mechanically coupled to the second end 68 of the outer conductor 64.
  • Electrical coupling of high frequency power to the discharge is by the electric field at the second end 70 of the inner conductor 62. Laboratory studies of this configuration have shown that the shape and position of the center conductor affect the efficiency of operation.
  • the electrodeless lamp 50 acts as the light transmitting portion of the termination fixture 52 with no additional outer envelope required.
  • the conductive mesh 72 which provides shielding as hereinbefore described, is shown in FIG. 2 disposed around the outer surface of the electrodeless lamp 50.
  • high frequency power flows from the source 14 along the inner conductor 62 and forms a strong electric field at the second end 70 of the inner conductor 62 which causes excitation and breakdown of the electrodeless lamp 50 fill material.
  • the low pressure glow discharge emits ultraviolet radiation which in turn is absorbed by the phosphor coating 60 and visible light is emitted by the phosphor.
  • An electrodeless fluorescent light source constructed in accordance with the present embodiment has an output of approximately 80 lumens per watt of high frequency power at 20 watts of 915 MHz input power.
  • the light output can be reduced by varying the level of input high frequency power, thus providing a dimming capability.
  • the input high frequency power level can be varied by any convenient means, for example, by varying the dc voltage to the power source or by inserting a variable attenuator in series with the power source output.
  • the electrodeless fluorescent light source output can be reduced to 20% of its full lumen output.
  • Another feature of the electrodeless fluorescent light source is that the problems of starting are minimal in comparison with the problems of starting high pressure electrodeless lamps. After ionization and breakdown, the transition to steady state light output and steady state lamp impedance is quite rapid, thus eliminating impedance matching problems during warm up. In addition, laboratory studies have shown that repeatable starting and restarting of the discharge can be obtained immediately after turning off the electrodeless fluorescent light source.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US05/959,823 1978-11-13 1978-11-13 Electrodeless fluorescent light source Expired - Lifetime US4189661A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/959,823 US4189661A (en) 1978-11-13 1978-11-13 Electrodeless fluorescent light source
NL7906321A NL7906321A (nl) 1978-11-13 1979-08-21 Elektrodenloze fluorescentielichtbron.
DE19792941269 DE2941269A1 (de) 1978-11-13 1979-10-11 Elektrodenlose lampe
CA000338526A CA1136204A (fr) 1978-11-13 1979-10-26 Appareil d'eclairage a lampe fluorescente sans electrodes
JP14457779A JPS5568064A (en) 1978-11-13 1979-11-09 Electrodeless fluorescent light source
GB7939116A GB2042252B (en) 1978-11-13 1979-11-12 Electrodeless fluorescent light source
FR7927979A FR2441921A1 (fr) 1978-11-13 1979-11-13 Source de lumiere fluorescente depourvue d'electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/959,823 US4189661A (en) 1978-11-13 1978-11-13 Electrodeless fluorescent light source

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4189661A true US4189661A (en) 1980-02-19

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US05/959,823 Expired - Lifetime US4189661A (en) 1978-11-13 1978-11-13 Electrodeless fluorescent light source

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4189661A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5568064A (fr)
CA (1) CA1136204A (fr)
DE (1) DE2941269A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2441921A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2042252B (fr)
NL (1) NL7906321A (fr)

Cited By (36)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0035898A1 (fr) * 1980-03-10 1981-09-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif pour activer une source de lumière à plasma par micro-ondes
EP0054959A1 (fr) * 1980-12-23 1982-06-30 GTE Laboratories Incorporated Lampe fluorescente à rayons
EP0076650A2 (fr) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-13 GTE Laboratories Incorporated Appareil à décharge électromagnétique
US4661746A (en) * 1984-06-14 1987-04-28 U.S. Philips Corporation Electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp
EP0270004A2 (fr) * 1986-12-01 1988-06-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Lampe à décharge lumineuse et appareil utilisant cette lampe
US4757233A (en) * 1984-12-21 1988-07-12 Gte Laboratories Inc. Efficient UV-emitting phosphors based on cerium-activated calcium pyrophosphate and lamps containing the same
US4792725A (en) * 1985-12-10 1988-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Instantaneous and efficient surface wave excitation of a low pressure gas or gases
US5013976A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-05-07 Gte Products Corporation Electrodeless glow discharge lamp
EP0457242A1 (fr) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lampe de décharge à haute intensité sans électrode avec coupleur à raccorder à un générateur à micro-ondes
EP0512622A1 (fr) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe à décharge dans la vapeur de mercure à basse pression sans électrodes
US5289085A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-02-22 Gte Products Corporation Capacitively driven RF light source having notched electrode for improved starting
US5300860A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-04-05 Gte Products Corporation Capacitively coupled RF fluorescent lamp with RF magnetic enhancement
US5325024A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-06-28 Gte Products Corporation Light source including parallel driven low pressure RF fluorescent lamps
US5825132A (en) * 1994-04-07 1998-10-20 Gabor; George RF driven sulfur lamp having driving electrodes arranged to cool the lamp
US5838114A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-11-17 Fusion Systems Corporation Plural ferro-resonant power supplies for powering a magnetron where the aray lies in these power supplies being independent from each other and not utilizing any common components
US5841242A (en) * 1990-10-25 1998-11-24 Fusion Lighting, Inc. Electrodeless lamp with elimination of arc attachment
KR19990007961A (ko) * 1995-04-21 1999-01-25 키플링, 귄트 콤팩트형 초단파 램프
WO1999053524A1 (fr) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-21 Jenton International Limited Source lumineuse de plasma activee par des ondes hertziennes
US5998941A (en) * 1997-08-21 1999-12-07 Parra; Jorge M. Low-voltage high-efficiency fluorescent signage, particularly exit sign
US6034485A (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-03-07 Parra; Jorge M. Low-voltage non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method
US6107752A (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-08-22 Osram Sylvania Inc. Coaxial applicators for electrodeless high intensity discharge lamps
US6175198B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2001-01-16 General Electric Company Electrodeless fluorescent lamp dimming system
US6218788B1 (en) 1999-08-20 2001-04-17 General Electric Company Floating IC driven dimming ballast
US6411041B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2002-06-25 Jorge M. Parra Non-thermionic fluorescent lamps and lighting systems
WO2002079692A1 (fr) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-10 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Lampe uv excitee par des microondes et element optique associe
US6465971B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2002-10-15 Jorge M. Parra Plastic “trofer” and fluorescent lighting system
US6518710B1 (en) 1997-11-05 2003-02-11 Jorge M. Parra Non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method
WO2003047318A1 (fr) * 2001-11-29 2003-06-05 Cnr Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Procede de production d'un rayonnement visible, ultraviolet ou infrarouge au moyen d'une lampe sans electrodes, et lampe associee
US20030117074A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-06-26 Lapatovich Walter P. Double jacketed high intensity discharge lamp
US20040007986A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-15 Parra Jorge M. Self-oscillating constant-current gas discharge device lamp driver and method
US20080290779A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2008-11-27 Chun-Chi Hsu Fluorescent lamp
WO2014141186A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Lampe alimentee par micro-ondes etendue
WO2014141183A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Lampe allongée alimentée par micro-ondes
WO2014141184A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Lampe alimentée par énergie hf configurée en bloc
WO2014141185A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Lampe commandée par hyperfréquences renforcée
JP2015528977A (ja) * 2012-05-10 2015-10-01 セラビジョン リミテッド 半透明導波路電磁波プラズマ光源

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JPH01243364A (ja) * 1988-03-25 1989-09-28 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 無電極放電灯装置
JP2550928Y2 (ja) * 1988-04-25 1997-10-15 松下電工株式会社 無電極放電灯装置
GB9522686D0 (en) * 1995-11-06 1996-01-10 Jenton R A & Co Ltd Ultraviolet bulb
GB9606438D0 (en) 1996-03-27 1996-06-05 Jenton R A & Co Ltd Contact lens sterilisation
DE10235036A1 (de) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. UV-Lichtquelle
JP4757654B2 (ja) * 2006-02-15 2011-08-24 スタンレー電気株式会社 光源装置
GB0913691D0 (en) * 2009-08-05 2009-09-16 Ceravision Ltd Light source

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US4002944A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-01-11 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Internal match starter for termination fixture lamps
US4005330A (en) * 1975-01-20 1977-01-25 General Electric Company Electrodeless fluorescent lamp
US4010400A (en) * 1975-08-13 1977-03-01 Hollister Donald D Light generation by an electrodeless fluorescent lamp
US4041352A (en) * 1976-07-14 1977-08-09 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Automatic starting system for solid state powered electrodeless lamps
US4053814A (en) * 1976-07-14 1977-10-11 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Continuous automatic starting assist uv circuit for microwave powered electrodeless lamps
US4063132A (en) * 1976-08-04 1977-12-13 Gte Laboratories Inc. DC powered microwave discharge in an electrodeless light source
US4065701A (en) * 1976-07-14 1977-12-27 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless light source with reduced heat losses
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US4005330A (en) * 1975-01-20 1977-01-25 General Electric Company Electrodeless fluorescent lamp
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US4001632A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-01-04 Gte Laboratories Incorporated High frequency excited electrodeless light source
US4002944A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-01-11 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Internal match starter for termination fixture lamps
US3943404A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-03-09 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Helical coupler for use in an electrodeless light source
US3993927A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-11-23 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless light source
US4001631A (en) * 1975-04-21 1977-01-04 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Adjustable length center conductor for termination fixtures for electrodeless lamps
US3997816A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-12-14 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Starting assist device for an electrodeless light source
US3942058A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-03-02 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless light source having improved arc shaping capability
US3943403A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-03-09 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless light source utilizing a lamp termination fixture having parallel capacitive impedance matching capability
US3942068A (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-03-02 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electrodeless light source with a termination fixture having an improved center conductor for arc shaping capability
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EP0035898A1 (fr) * 1980-03-10 1981-09-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif pour activer une source de lumière à plasma par micro-ondes
EP0054959A1 (fr) * 1980-12-23 1982-06-30 GTE Laboratories Incorporated Lampe fluorescente à rayons
EP0076650A2 (fr) * 1981-10-01 1983-04-13 GTE Laboratories Incorporated Appareil à décharge électromagnétique
EP0076650A3 (en) * 1981-10-01 1983-10-26 Gte Laboratories Incorporated Electromagnetic discharge apparatus
US4661746A (en) * 1984-06-14 1987-04-28 U.S. Philips Corporation Electrodeless low-pressure discharge lamp
US4757233A (en) * 1984-12-21 1988-07-12 Gte Laboratories Inc. Efficient UV-emitting phosphors based on cerium-activated calcium pyrophosphate and lamps containing the same
US4792725A (en) * 1985-12-10 1988-12-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Instantaneous and efficient surface wave excitation of a low pressure gas or gases
EP0270004A2 (fr) * 1986-12-01 1988-06-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Lampe à décharge lumineuse et appareil utilisant cette lampe
EP0270004A3 (en) * 1986-12-01 1990-03-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Gas discharge lamp and apparatus utilizing the same
US5013976A (en) * 1989-12-26 1991-05-07 Gte Products Corporation Electrodeless glow discharge lamp
EP0457242A1 (fr) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lampe de décharge à haute intensité sans électrode avec coupleur à raccorder à un générateur à micro-ondes
US5841242A (en) * 1990-10-25 1998-11-24 Fusion Lighting, Inc. Electrodeless lamp with elimination of arc attachment
EP0512622A1 (fr) * 1991-05-08 1992-11-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe à décharge dans la vapeur de mercure à basse pression sans électrodes
US5239238A (en) * 1991-05-08 1993-08-24 U.S. Philips Corporation Electrodeless low-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp
US5289085A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-02-22 Gte Products Corporation Capacitively driven RF light source having notched electrode for improved starting
US5300860A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-04-05 Gte Products Corporation Capacitively coupled RF fluorescent lamp with RF magnetic enhancement
US5325024A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-06-28 Gte Products Corporation Light source including parallel driven low pressure RF fluorescent lamps
US5825132A (en) * 1994-04-07 1998-10-20 Gabor; George RF driven sulfur lamp having driving electrodes arranged to cool the lamp
US5914564A (en) * 1994-04-07 1999-06-22 The Regents Of The University Of California RF driven sulfur lamp having driving electrodes which face each other
KR19990007961A (ko) * 1995-04-21 1999-01-25 키플링, 귄트 콤팩트형 초단파 램프
US5838114A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-11-17 Fusion Systems Corporation Plural ferro-resonant power supplies for powering a magnetron where the aray lies in these power supplies being independent from each other and not utilizing any common components
US6111370A (en) * 1997-07-25 2000-08-29 Parra; Jorge M. High-efficiency gas discharge signage lighting
US5998941A (en) * 1997-08-21 1999-12-07 Parra; Jorge M. Low-voltage high-efficiency fluorescent signage, particularly exit sign
US6034485A (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-03-07 Parra; Jorge M. Low-voltage non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method
US6518710B1 (en) 1997-11-05 2003-02-11 Jorge M. Parra Non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method
US6107752A (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-08-22 Osram Sylvania Inc. Coaxial applicators for electrodeless high intensity discharge lamps
WO1999053524A1 (fr) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-21 Jenton International Limited Source lumineuse de plasma activee par des ondes hertziennes
US6348669B1 (en) 1998-04-09 2002-02-19 Jenact Limited RF/microwave energized plasma light source
US6175198B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2001-01-16 General Electric Company Electrodeless fluorescent lamp dimming system
US6465971B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2002-10-15 Jorge M. Parra Plastic “trofer” and fluorescent lighting system
US6411041B1 (en) 1999-06-02 2002-06-25 Jorge M. Parra Non-thermionic fluorescent lamps and lighting systems
US6218788B1 (en) 1999-08-20 2001-04-17 General Electric Company Floating IC driven dimming ballast
US6505948B2 (en) * 2001-03-28 2003-01-14 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Method of modifying the spectral distribution of high-intensity ultraviolet lamps
WO2002079692A1 (fr) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-10 Fusion Uv Systems, Inc. Lampe uv excitee par des microondes et element optique associe
WO2003047318A1 (fr) * 2001-11-29 2003-06-05 Cnr Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Procede de production d'un rayonnement visible, ultraviolet ou infrarouge au moyen d'une lampe sans electrodes, et lampe associee
US7095163B2 (en) * 2001-11-29 2006-08-22 Cnr Cosiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Method for the production of a visible, UV or IR radiation with a lamp without electrodes, and lamp that carries out this method
US20050067976A1 (en) * 2001-11-29 2005-03-31 Iginio Longo Method for the production of a visible, uv or ir radiation with a lamp without electrodes, and lamp that carries out this method
US20030117074A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-06-26 Lapatovich Walter P. Double jacketed high intensity discharge lamp
US6696788B2 (en) * 2001-12-21 2004-02-24 Osram Sylvania Inc. Double jacketed high intensity discharge lamp
US20040007986A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-15 Parra Jorge M. Self-oscillating constant-current gas discharge device lamp driver and method
US6936973B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2005-08-30 Jorge M. Parra, Sr. Self-oscillating constant-current gas discharge device lamp driver and method
US20080290779A1 (en) * 2007-05-22 2008-11-27 Chun-Chi Hsu Fluorescent lamp
JP2015528977A (ja) * 2012-05-10 2015-10-01 セラビジョン リミテッド 半透明導波路電磁波プラズマ光源
WO2014141186A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Lampe alimentee par micro-ondes etendue
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US10879059B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-12-29 Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche Extended microwave powered lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2042252B (en) 1983-05-11
CA1136204A (fr) 1982-11-23
FR2441921A1 (fr) 1980-06-13
NL7906321A (nl) 1980-05-16
DE2941269A1 (de) 1980-05-22
FR2441921B1 (fr) 1983-11-18
JPS5568064A (en) 1980-05-22
GB2042252A (en) 1980-09-17

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