US416375A

US416375A - Well-drilling machine

Info

Publication number: US416375A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-12-03
Anticipated expiration: 1906-12-03

Description

5 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

F. R.` PEACOCK. AWLLL DRILLING MAoHlNE.

Patented Deo. 3,

(N0 Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. R. PEAOOGK.

1 WELL DRILL-ING MACHINE.

No. 416,375. Patented Deo. 3. 1889.

N. PETERS. Phuwumumpher. washing, uc,

5 Sheefos-.Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

F. R. PBAOOCK. WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

A Patented Deo.'3, 1889.

. g1/wem To z Edi/70 Peac/ @WVM/Lease@ 5 Sheets-Sheet `5.

(No Model.) F. R. PB ACOCVK.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE.

Patented Deo. 3, 1889.

UNITED vSTATES PATENT' GFFICE.

' FRANK. R. PEAoooK, oF LE MARS, IowA.l

WELL-DRILLI NG MACHINE.

SPECIFCA'IION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,375, dated December 3, 1889.

Application filed October 6, 188g.

TowZZ whom, it may concern.' f

Be it known that I, FRANK. R. PEAoooK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Le Mars, in the county of Plymouth and State of Iowa, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Well- Drilling Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to au improvement in Well-drilling machines; and it consists in the peculiar construction and combination of de- 'vices that will be more fully set forth hereinafter, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine which` is adapted to operate any kind of tools now commonly employed for drilling a well, and by means of which the drill may be operated either by the drill-rope or cable-rope. and raised or lowered into or out of the -well, and by means of which the sand-pump may be also Operated.

In the drawings, Figurel is aside elevation of a well-boring machine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same, showing the devices in adjustment for operating the drill-rope drum. Fig'. 3 isa similar view sho-wing the same arranged in position for operating the cable-drum. Fig. 4 is a similar View showing the same arranged for operating the sand-pump-rope drum. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view, taken on the lin'e 'fr a: o f Fig. 2, and looking in the directionofthe` arrow a in the said figure. Fig. 6 is a similar view, taken on the line y y of Fig. 2, and looking in the direction indicated by the arrow ZJ in the said figure. Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the line w w of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a similar view taken on the line ,z zot the said figure. Fig. 9 is a detail perspective View of a modiiied form of drill-rope drum and attachments therefor, whereby the said drum is adapted to be operated by horse-power. Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the same.

A represents a rectangular frame, which comprises the side-beams B, the cross-beams' C D, connecting opposite ends thereof, the bar E, connecting the upper sides of the side beams and arranged in proximity to the beam C,and the transverse beam F, connecting the side beams B at the lower sides thereof and arranged at a suitable distance from the beam Serial No. 287,356. (No model.)

C.4 This frame is adapted to be supported on a suitable truck or wagon (not shown) in the usual manner, or it maybe supported on suitable sills, (not shown,) according to the size and weight of the machine.

G represents the derrick, which comprises the pair of legs H, connected by the crossbars I, and the pair of legs K, connected by a cross-bar L, at a suitable distance from their upper ends. The upper ends of the said pairs of legs are hinged together by a bolt M. On the central portion of this bolt is journaled a pulley N.

O represents a block, which issuspended from the bolt M by meansof links P, and is provided with pulleys R. The lower ends of legs H are pivoted or hinged to the inner end of the frame A, on opposite sides thereof, by means of bolts U.

V represents a shaft, which is journaled in bearings W on the sides of the frame, at a suitable distance from the outer end thereof. On one end of the said shaft is secured a bandpulley W and a driving-pulley X.

Y represents a cable-d1uni,wl1ich is loosely mounted on the said shaft and has at one end a friction-hub Z and a clutch-section A'.

B' represents a clutch, which is feathered on the said shaft and is adapted to engage and disengage the clutch-section of the cabledrum so as to lock the latter to the shaft or adapt it to rotate independently thereof. A spring C bears against the outer side of the said clutch, and is adapted to keep the same 'normally in engagement with the clutch A'.

D represents a lever, which is f ulcrumed in a support E', is adapted to move vertically on its fulcrumfbolt F', and has its outer end provided with a depending lip or plate G which is adapted to engage a notched detent I-I' on one corner of the frame. The inner end of the said lever is connected to a ring or collar that is swiveled on the clutch B', and the detent-plate may be engaged by the said lever so as to lock the same in position with the clutch either in or out of engagement with the cable-drum. A spring I bears on the lever D' and serves to keep the latter normally in engagement with the detent-plate.

K' represents a lever, which is fulcrumed in a bearing or support on the cross-bar E, and is provided with a friction-Strap Il', which passes around the friction-hub Z of the cabledrum. By depressing the said lever the friction-strap is compressed on the said hub, so as to lock the cable-drum against rotation, and by elevating the said level' the frictionstrap is loosened on the drum. A hook M depends from the said lever, and a chain N is secured to the outer end of the frame and adapted to be engaged by said hook at any point of its length, the function of the said chain being to secure the lever in position when the latter is lowered to apply the brakestrap L.

O represents a shaft, which is arranged at a suitable distance from the shaft V y and parallel therewith, and is journaled in bearings P 011 the upper side of the frame. Loosely mounted on the said shaft is a sandpump-rope drum R', which has at one end a clutch-section S', and is provided at its "opposite end with a friction-hub T. To the opposite end of the shaft is secured a spurwheel U.

V represents a sleeve, which is featheredon the shaft O', has at one end a clutch-section XV', which is adapted to engage the clutchsection S of the sand-pump drum, and at the opposite end of the said sleeve is a cam X', which is equal to one-third the circumference of the sleeve. From the center of the sleeve projects an annular flange Y', which has au annular groove Z' on its outer side.

A2 represents a feed-wheel, which is loosely mounted on the shaft O and bears against one side of the frame. Said feed-Wheel has openings B2 near its periphery at suitable regular distances apart, and on the inner side of the feed-wheel is formed a cam C2, which is adapted to be engaged by the cani X', as \vill be hereinafter stated. The feed-Wheel is prevented from moving laterally on the shaft O' by a guide D2, which engages said feedwheel.

E2 represents a lever, which is provided at one end with a pin F2, that is adapted to engage one of the openings of the feed-Wheel and thereby lock the latter against rotation. A spring G2 bears against the opposite end of the lever and serves to keep the said pin normally in engagement with the feed-Wheel.

H2 represents a shaft, which is journaled in bearings in the side of the frame at a suitable distance below the shaft O. Said shaft 112 has at one end a spur-Wheel l2, which engages the Wheel U', and the said shaft is further provided With a sprocket-Wheel 12.

L2 represents a shaft, which is journaled in bearings on the sides of the frameA near the inner end thereof. On this shaft is loosely mounted adrill-rope drum M2, which has a hub or projection provided with ratchet-teeth N2 at its outer end. At the inner end of said drill-rope drum is a friction-hub O2 and a clutch-section P2.

R2 represents a lever, which is fulcrumed in a support S2 on one side of the frame, and has attached to it the ends of africton-strap l T2, which strap engages the friction-hub T of the sand-puinp-rope drum. The outerfend of the lever R2 has a hook U2, which isadapted to be engaged by a chain V2, and thereby secure the said lever when the same is de pressed and apply the friction strap or brake to the sand-pump-rope drum.

W2 represents a clutch, which is feathered on the shaft L2, and is adapted to engage the clutch-section P2 of the drill-rope drum. The said clutch has the usual annular groove, which is engaged by one end of a lever X2, which lever is fulcrumed in the end of an arm or bracket Y2, that projects inward from one side of the frame. The opposite end of the said lever has a head Z2, which is provided with a central opening, of suitable size, to clear the clutch-sleeve V', and said head is further provided with anti-friction rollers D", which are arranged in the same opening and adapted to bear against the inner side of the iiange Y.

Bireprescnts a catch-arm, which is pivoted to the outer side of the head Z2, for the purpose to be presently stated.

C3 represents a lever, Which is fulcrumed to the arm or bracket Y2, and is arranged on the outer side of the lever X2. The inner end of the said lever C" is forked or bifurcated and extended over the clutch-sleeve V', and to the arms or forks of said lever are journaled antifriction rollers D2, which are adapted to engage the outer side of iange Y. The outer endof the said lever extends through a slot or opening E3 in the inner end of frame A, and passes through a slotted guide-plate F3, which is secured on the said inner end ot' the frame. Said slotted guide-plate is provided With openings l 2, arranged at a suitable distance apart, the said openings c0111- municating with and intersecting the slot in the said plate.

Pins

3 and 4 are adapted to be inserted in both of the said openings, so as to secure t-helever in any desired position, as Will be hereinafter more fully stated.

G2 represents a lever, which is fulcrumed on the support at the inner end of the frame, and attached to the said`lever are the ends of a friction or brake strap H3, which engages the friction-hub ()2of the drill-rope drum.

l3 represents a dog or detent, which is also fulcrumcd in a bearing on the inner end of the frame, and is adapted to engage the ratchet-teeth of the drill-rope drumto prevent the latter from rotating in a retrograde direction on the shaft L2.

K2 represents a sprocket-wheel, which is loosely mounted on the shaft L2 and is of less diameter than the sprocket-wheel K2, and is connected to said sprocket-Wheel by means of a sprocket-chain L3.

On the inner side of sprocketewhecl K2 is a clutchsection M3, and 011 the outer side thereof is an extension or hub which is provided with an annular groove.

N2 represents a lever, 'which is fulcrumed and vertically movable on a support O2,

IIO

and hasy its inner end bifurcated or forked and engaging the grooved extension of the loosely-mounted sprocket-wheel K3. The

' outer end'of the said lever is adapted to enspring U3 bears between the clutch W3 and clutch T3, and keeps the former normally in engagement with the clutch-section of the drill-rope drum.

To one end of the shaft L3 is secured a drum or pulley V3, and to the opposite end thereof is secured a wheel W3, which is of greater diameter than the-wheel W and is connected thereto by means of an endless belt X3.

Y3 represents a belt-tightenin g lever, which is fulcrumed on one side of the frame and has atits inner end an anti-friction roller Z3, which is adapted to engage the lower side of the belt X3 and tighten the same on the wheels WV and 7.3. The outer end of the said lever is adapted to engage a rack-bar A3, secured at one of the outer corners of the frame, whereby the said belt-tightening lever may be maintained at any desired adjustment.

To the drum Y is attached a cable d, which passes over one of the pulleys R. To the drum R is attached a sand-pump rope b, which passes over another of the pulleys R, and to the drum M3 is attached a drill-rope'c, which passes over the last pulley R.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The frame is mounted alongside the proposed Well and the derrick mounted over the same, so that the block at its upper end is directly over the well. tools are attached to the pendent end of the drill-rope, the belt-tightener is applied to the belt, the lever D is moved to throw its clutch out of engagement with the drum Y, so that the latter is loose on its shaft, the brake is applied to the said drumV to prevent it from rotating, the brake is applied to the drum R', the brake is released from the drill-rope drum, the dog or detent I3 is released from the ratchet-teeth of said drill-rope drum, the lever N3 is operated to throw the clutch-section of sprocket-wheel K3 into engagement with the clutch T3, and the lever C3 is disengaged from the guide-plate F3 by removing the pin 3. This arrangement of the machine is illustrated in Fig. 2. plied to the vdriving-shaft V from a suitable motor, (not shown,) and the said shaft is caused t0 rotate. The wheels W W3 and endless belt X3 communicate this rotary motion to the shaft L3 and drive the latter at asomewhat decreased rate of speed, and the sprocket-wheels and sprocket-chain rotate the shaft H3 at a still further reduced rate of speed by reason of the wheel K3 being larger than the wheel K3. The wheels I3 and U communicate rotary motion to the shaft O, and con- In order to drill, the usual4 Rotary mot-ion is then apsequently to the sleeve V, which is feathered ou the said shaft. The clutch W3 is normally in engagement with the clutch-section of the drill-rope drum, and thereby the rotary motion of the shaft L3 is communicated to said drum and the latter is caused to coil the drillrope, so as to raise the drill. This rotary movement of the drill-rope drum continues while the clutch-sleeve V is making a partial or two-thirds revolution, when the cam X of said sleeve comes in engagement with the cam C3 on the feed-wheel, and as the said clutch-sleeve completes its rotation the said cams X and C3 move the said sleeve longitudinally on the shaft O toward the sandpump-rope drum. and the frictionrollers A3 of the lever X3, by engaging the iiange Y of the clamp-sleeve, cause the said lever to turn on its fulcrum, Withdraw the clutch W3 against the tension of the spring U3 from the clutch-section on the drill-rope drum, and thereby momentarily release the latter, and consequently enable t-he drill to descend in the well by its own weight and cause the drill-rope to partly uncoil on the drill-rope drum and thereby rotate the latter in a retrograde direction. As the drilling proceeds the drill-rope is gradually paid out from the drillrope drum, this being accomplished by the operator, who releases the pin F3 fromthe feedwheel, turns the latter in the direction indicated bythe arrow, and re-engages the same in another opening in the feed wheel. To take up the slack rope the foregoing operation is reversed.

The operation of the machine is the same when employed for driving a casing down into the Well, the only difference being that the driving-maui is substituted for the drillingtools.

In order to draw the drilling-tool from the well, a spring U3 holds the clutch V3 in engagement with the clutch-section of the drillrope drum, and the lever N3 is engaged with the notch P3 of the plate S3, so as to release the wheel K3 from the clutch T3, and thereby adapt the shaft L3 to rotate independently of said sprocket-wheel. The operator then grasps the lever 13 and causes the same to engage the teeth of the drill-rope drum, and motion is imparted to the shaft V as before, and transmitted from'said shaft V to the shaft L3, and the clutch W3 being in engagement with the clutch-section of the drill-rope drum the latter is caused to wind up the drill-rope and to consequently elevate the drill. When the latter clears the well, the operator applies the break H3 to the friction-hub of the drill-rope drum and moves the lever X3 to cause theclutch W3 to disengage said drill-rope drum, and thereby cause the latter to rotate independently of its shaft, when the drill may be lowered to the ground, as will be readily understood.

While the machine is used for drilling, the length of the drop of the drill may be increased by putting a smaller wheel I3 on the shaft H3 and a correspondingly larger wheel U IOO on the shaft O. This causes the said shaft O to rotate at a still further decreased rate of spced,and consequently permit the drill-rope drum to wind up more rope and lift the tool higher than before. To shorten the stroke of the .drill-tool, the arrangement before described is reversed, the larger wheel being secured on shaft H2 and the smaller wheel on the shaft O.

In order to drill with the cable, the drillingtool is attached to the cable and the latter clamped to the drill-rope by a suitable ropeclamp, (not shown,) and the machine is adjusted, as before described, for drilling purposes, care being taken to let out plenty of slack rope from the cable-drum. The machine then operates as before described, the drillrope and drum serving to alternately' raise and drop the tool, as before.

yIn the event it should become desirable for any reason to hoist the drilling-tool from the well, this may be accomplished by releasing the rope-clamp, disengaging clutch W2, and locking lever C3 between openings l 2 and pins 3 4 on each side of said lever C3, by releasing the brake L from the cable-drum, and causing theclutch B' to engage the clutch-section of the cable-drum, and hence causing therotation of the shaft V to'be communicated to the cable-drum, so that the cable will be coiled on the latter. When the d rilling-tool has been hoisted from the well and it is desired to lower the same from the derrick onto the ground, the cable-drum is thrown out of engagement with the shaft V by opera-ting the lever D', and the operator grasps the brake-lever K and applies suiiicient friction to the frictionhub of the cable-drum to cause the latter to rotate slowly in a reverse direction, and thereby partly uncoil the cable and lower the tool.

In order to operate the sand-pump, the cable-drum is disconnected from the shaft V by detaching the clutch B from the said cable drum. The brake L is applied to the latter to prevent it from rotating. The brake Il3 is applied to the drill-rope drum. The lever C3 is locked to the lever X2 by means of the catch-arm D. The brake R2 is disengaged from the drum R', and the lever C3 is secured in one end of the guideplate by inserting the pin 3 in the opening 2 of said guide-plate and causing said pin to bear against the inner side of said lever C2. This causes the frictionrollers on the inner end of lever C2 to bear against the outer side of the flange Y', and thereby force the clutch-sleeve V int-o engagement with the clutch-section of the drum R. By inserting the pin et in the opening l it prevents clutch I2 going into engagement with clutch-section of the drum M2 when clutch-section W is disengaged from clutchsection S. The lever N3 is adjusted to move the sprocket -wheel into engagement with clutch T2, and thereby the rotation of shaft L2 -is communicated to the shaft H2 by the sprocket wheels and chain, and from said shaft H2 to the shaft O by the gears I2 and U ,and

the sand-pump being attached to the rope D,

and the sand-pum p rope being in engagement and rotating with the shaft O', the said rope Z will be coiled on the said drum, and consequently the sand-pump will be raised. In order to lower the sand-pump, the lever C is shifted to throw the clutch-section W out of engagement with the clutch S', and consequently the sand-pump drum is adapted to turn loosely on its shaft O and the Weight of the sand-pump causes the same to descend. The speed with which the sand-pump descends may be controlled by the brake R2, as will be readily understood.

The operation of the machine may be at any time checked instantly by moving the belt-tightener in such manner as to canse its anti-friction roller to slacken the endless belt X3, and hence permit the shaft V to rotate without transmitting motion to the shaft L2.

Vhen using gas-pipe tools, the hollow driving-block commonly employed is slipped over the drill-rod, the bottom of said block resting normally on the top of the casing. A rope d is attached to the said block, passed over the said sheave or pulley at the'uppei end of the derrick, and is coiled once or twice around the drum V3, one end of the said rope being extended from the said drum. Then the shaft L2 is rotated, the drive-block may be raised at any time by pulling on the loose end of the rope d to cause the latter to tighten on drum Vwith adegree of friction sufficient to cause the said drum to draw upon the said rope, and said hollow block may be lowered by slackening said rope on said drum so that it slips idly thereon. This drum V3 may also be employed for hoisting heavy casing into the derriek, so that the sections thereof may be screwed together.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I illustrate a modified form of my invention, adapted to` be operated by horse-power, in which the drill-rope drum M2 is provided at one end with a tappet pin or stud m2, and the clutch W2 has a tappetarm 102 projecting from one side and provided with a butter to2, adapted to contact with the tappet pin or stud. By this arrangement when the machine is drilling the shaft L2 causes the drill-rope drum to rotate therewith as long as the clutch W2 is in engagement with said drum, and when said clutch is shifted out of engagement with the drinn by the lever X2 to release the drum from its shaft and permit it to partly rotate thereon in a reverse direction and let the drill-tool drop, as before stated, the tappet-arm of said clutch is still in the path of the tappet pin or stud of the drill-rope drum, and hence the latter cannot make more than a single revolution in a reverse direction, no mattei' what maybe the speed of the machine.

Having thus described my invention, I claiml. The combination, in a well-drilling inachine, of the shaft L2, means to rotate the same, the drill-rope drum loose on said shaft IOC IIO

and having a clutch thereon, the springpressed clutch \\V 2, feathered on the shaft and adapted to normally engage said clutch, the lever X2, attached to clutch V2, the cam C2, the cam-sleeve V', having cam X' to engage said earn C2, said sleeve being connected to the lever, and sprocket chains and Wheels, substantially as set forth, between the shaft L2 and the cam-sleeve, to rotate the latter, whereby the drill-rope drum will be alternately rotated and released, for the purpose set forth, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a well-drilling vmachine, of the shaft L2, the drum loose thereon and provided with a clutch, the spring-pressed clutch W2, feathered on said shaft and normally engaging said clutch, the lever X2, attached to said clutch, the shaft O', the sleeve V', feathered on said shaft, connected to lever X2, and having cam X', the relatively stationary cam C2, adapted to engage cam X and connections, substantially as described, between the shafts L2 and O', for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the shaft L2, the drill-rope drum loose thereon and provided With a clutch, the spring-pressed clutch V2, normally engaging said clutch, the lever X2, connected to said clutch, the shaft O', the sleeve V', feathered thereon and having cam X', said sleeve being connected to lever X2, the feed-wheel loose on shaft O' and having cam C2, the detent to lock the feed-wheel, and connections, substantially as described, between the shafts L2 and O', whereby the camsleeve is rotated, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the shaft L2, the drill-rope drum mounted loose thereon and provided with a clutch, the spring-pressed clutch W2.` feathered on said shaft, the lever 4o X2, connected to said clutch W2, the shaft O',

the cam-sleeve feathered thereon and connected to the lever, the relatively-fixed cam C2, adapted to engage the cam-sleeve for the purpose set forth, the shaft H2, the sprocketwheels and chain connecting the same to shaft L2, and gear-wheels connecting shaft H2 to shaft O', for the purpose set forth, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the shaft L2, the 5o drill-rope drum loose thereon and provided with a clutch, the spring-pressed clutch 72, feathered on the shaft to engage said clutch, the clutch T3, fastened to said shaft, the sprocket-wheel K3, loose on said shaft and having the 5 5 clutch to engage clutch T3, the lever N3 to operate said wheel, the shaft O', the drum R', loose thereon, the clutch-sleeve V', feathered on said shaft and having cam X', the relatively stationary cam C2, to engage cam 6o X', the shaft H2, having Jthe sprocket-wheel K2, the chain connecting the latter to Wheel K3, the lever X2, attached to clutch XV2, and sleeve Z, the lever C3, the device to lock the said levers together, the latter being each adapt-ed to move sleeve V' in one direction, and the gears connecting shafts H2 and O', substantially as described.

ln testimony that l claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature 7o in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK. R. PEACOCK. Vitnesses:

JOHN S. LANX, OTTO G. BERNER.