US410411A - grosson - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. A. GROSHON. DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE-v No. 410,411. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

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Q ATTHOIIITNEY N. PETERS. Phoo-umognpher. Wahin lon. D. C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J A GROSHON DIRECT ACTING STEAM ENGINE.

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ATTORNEY N. FETER5, Photvumo nphcr, Wnningm at;

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Mu N I G .N NE M m S M G GN H 0 AA JT 0 E R I D (No Model.)

Patented Sept. 3

INVENTOI? 9 I ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. GROSHON, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

DIRECT-ACTING STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,411, dated September 3, 1889. Application filed Tannary 21, 1889. Serial No. 296,988. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. GROSHON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Direct-Acting Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in direct-acting steam-engines; and it consists in the combination,with the main piston-rod,

of levers pivoted on different fulcrums and having a simultaneous mo vem out under pressure, one end of one of the levers being c011- nected with said piston-rod, and the whole arranged as hereinafter more specifically described, whereby during the first portion of the stroke of the main piston-rod a pressure will be created thereon in a direction opposite to its line of movement, and during the latter part of said stroke said pressure will be created in the line of the movement of the piston-rod, thus the pressure being made to oppose the movement of the piston-rod during the first portion of its stroke and to assist said movement during the latter part of its stroke.

The invent-ion further consists in the details of construction and arrangement of said levers, with the means of applying pressure thereto.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a direct-acting steam-engine employing the invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line Y Y of Fig. 3, whieh--is a vertical section on the line Z Z of Fig. 2, said Figs. 2 and 3 representing the connection between the levers having different fulcrums. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line X X of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section 011 the line X X of Fig. 6, illustrating a modified construction and arrangement of the levers for retarding and assisting at different points the movement of the main piston-rod of the engine. Fig. 6 is a detached side elevation of the arrangement of the levers illustrated in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line Y Y of Fig. 8, which is a side elevation of a further modified form of the levers for assisting and retarding at proper intervals the movement of the piston-rod of the engine.

In the drawings I have illustrated the invention as applied for convenience to a steam pumping-engine of the Blake pattern; but it is to be understood that I-do not confine my invention to any particular style of diroot-acting steam-engine.

In the drawings, A designates the lowpressure cylinder; B, the high-pressure cylinder; C, the water-cylinder; D, the main piston-rod of the engine, and E the usual rods connecting the steam and water cylinders. Upon the rods E E are supported the frames F, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) in the upper and lower ends of which are mounted, respectively, the rods G H, the rod G being hollow and connected with the pipe I, leading to the upper side of the piston J of the accumulator K, while the rod H serves as the fulcrum for the rocking lever L, whose upper end, by means of the link M and block N, is connected with the main piston-rod D, as illustrated in Fig. 1. On the lower end of the lever L are formed the bearings O for the arms P of the pressure-boxes Q, which receive the lower ends of the levers R, the upper ends of said levers being hung upon the hollow rod G and being capable of a swinging movement thereon. The levers R are hollow, and have at their upper ends the sleeves S, which encircle the rod G and sustain the levers R, while at the same time they permit the open upper ends of said levers to be in line with apertures in the lower sides of said hollow rod G, whereby the water under pressure from the accumulator K is permitted to pass through the pipe I and hollow rod G, (the latter being closed at one end,) into the levers R. Upon the lower ends of the levers R are provided the pistons S, which closely fit the diameter of the pressure-boxes Q, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and The lower ends of the levers R are closed; but openings T are provided in the levers R immediately above said pistons S within the pressure-boxes Q. Upon the upper ends-of the pressure-boxes Q are provided stuffing-boxes V, through which the levers R pass. It will be observed that the levers L R differ in length and are hung upon different fnlerums, and that while they move simultaneously their lower ends describe different ares, as illustrated in Fig. 1 by dotted lines, said arcs intersecting each other at points at which the movements of said levers terminate. 1

In the operation of the invention the pipe I, rod G, levers R, and accumulator K above the piston J are filled with water and the engine set in motion, the result being that the water in the pump-cylinder 0 will maintain a pressure against the lower side of the piston J, which will act through the column of water in the said pipe I, rod G, and levers R, and create a pressure upon the upper side of the pistons S and against the upper end of the pressure-boxes Q, and this, owing to the different lengths of levers L R, will resist the movement of the main piston rod D during the first portion of its stroke. When the levers L R are in the position illustrated in Fig. 1 and the rod D is started on its movement, said rod D, acting through the levers L, arms P, and pressure-boxes Q, operates to move the levers R in the line of the arc of a circle, while at the same time the lever L is having a similar movement in the line of a shorter radius and'describing a different arc of a circle. During the first portion of the stroke of the piston-rod D the arcs in which the levers L R travel are caused to diverge, and the resistance to this divergence opposes the movement of the main piston-rod D until the widest point of separation in said arcs has been reached, when the further movement of the rod D will cause said arcs to converge, and in doing so bring the levers L R gradually to their normal relation to each other, said arcs at this time approaching each other, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and the pressure in the boxes Q being caused to assist the movement of the piston-rod, which will be on the latter part of its stroke. When the greatest divergence in the arcs in which the levers L R travel has been reached, said levers will be in line with each other, and the resistance to the motion of the piston-rod D will at this time cease and be transferred in the line of the movement of the said rod. I

In the modified forms of the invention illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8 the piston-rod and rods connecting the steam with the water cylinders are similar to and indicated by the same letters as the like-nameddevices represented in Figs. 1 and at.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, the levers are denoted by the letters L R, respectively, the levers L being secured upon pivots a, mounted in the bearings 19, secured with the frame d upon the rods E. The levers R have upon their outer ends sleeves e, fitting upon the reduced extremities of the outer end of the levers L, as illustrated more clearly in Fig. 5, while the inner ends of said levers are within the pressure-boxes f and carry pistons g, said pressure-boxes f being provided with stuffing-boxes h, through which the levers R pass. The pressure-boxes f are provided with the pipes 'i, which diverge from the pipe j, leading to the accumulator K, (illustrated in Fig. 1,) the pipes 1 communicating with the interior of the pressure-boxes f f at the sides of the pistons g facing the levers L. The ends of the levers L opposite to the levers R are connected by links it and blocks m with the main piston-rod D.

In the operation of the levers arranged. as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 the pressure from the accumulator, acting through the pipe i and pressure-boxes f on the pistons g, will retard the movement of the piston-rod D during the first portion of its stroke and assist the movement of the said rod during the latter portion of its stroke. On the first portion of the stroke of the piston-rod D the levers L will be forced to assume a substantially vertical position in line with each other, and in doing so withdraw the pistons g on the levers R toward the respective ends of the pressureboxes f, resisting the pressure in said boxes from the accumulator K, the force of the accumulator necessary thus to be overcome operating to retard the movement of the pistonrod D. After the piston-rod D has concluded a definite portion of its stroke, so as to bring the levers L and R into line with each other, the pressure in the boxes f from the accumulator K will operate to retract the pistons 9 toward each other, and thus, through the levers R L and links 70, to facilitate the travel of the piston.

The modification illustrated in Figs. '7 and 8 differs from the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4 simply in that in Figs. 7 and 8 the arms P, connecting the pressure-boxes Q, extend downward to meet the bearings O on the lever L, instead of upward, as in Fig. 4. In other respects the modification is substantially identical with the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4, and hence like letters of reference are employed in Figs. 7 and 8 as in Figs. 1 and 4, and the description of the operation of the levers above given as applied to Fig. 1 will fully explain the operation of said parts in the form in which they are illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8, and a repetition of the same therefore appears to be unnecessary.

The accumulator is made in the air-chamber of the pumps, as shown in Fig. 1, and is provided with the differential pistons for the purpose of multiplying the pressure to be transmitted to the piston-rod. The accumulator, being in the air-chamber, affords a very convenient and inexpensive construction and avoids building an independent source of pressure with the necessary connections.

WVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a direct-acting steam-engine, the lever connected at one end with the main pistonrod and pivotally supported, so that its other end may be moved in the arc of a circle, combined with the hollow lever pivotally secured at one end, so that its other end may be moved on a different are of a different circle from that described by the firstmentioned lever, the pressure-box receiving the end of said hollow lever, a piston secured on said end, and apipe leading from a source of pressure to said hollow lever, the said arcs of the circles crossing each other at each'side of a given point, substantially as set forth.

2. In a direct-acting steam-engine, the lever connected at one end with the main piston rod and pivotally supported, so that its other end may be moved in the are of a circle, the hollow lever pivotally secured at one end, so that its other end may be moved 011 adifferent are of a different circle from that described by the first-mentioned lever, and the piston on said last-mentioned end, combined with a pressure-box receiving the piston on the end of said hollow lever and in pivotal connection with the first-mentioned lever connected with the piston-rod, the hollow lever being connected with a source of pressure and having outlets within said pressure-box, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a direct-acting steam-engine, the lever connected at one end with the main pistonrod and pivotallysupported, so that its other end maybe moved in the are of a circle, combined with the hollow lever pivotally secured at one end, so that its other end may be moved in a different are of a different circle, and carrying a piston, the pressure-box in pivotal connection with the first-mentioned lever and receiving the said piston, and the pipe leading from the accumulator to the hollow lever, the end of the hollow lever having openings within said pressure-box, and the said arcs of said circles crossing each other at each side of a definite point, substantially as set forth.

4. In a directaeting steam-engine, the lever Ii, connected at one end with the piston-rod and pivotally supported, so that its other end may be moved in the arc of a circle, combined with the hollow lever B, fulcrumed at one end eccentrically to the lever L, so as to move in a different are of a different circle, and being in communication with a source of pressure, the piston on the end of said hollow lever, and

. the pressure-box receiving said piston, the

hollow lever having outlet-s within said pressure-box, and said arcs of said circles crossing each other at each side of a definite point, substantially as set forth.

5. In a direct-acting steam-engine, the pivotally secured lever connected at one end with the piston-rod by the link, combined with a lever carrying a piston on its free end and fulcrumed to move simultaneously with but on a different line from the first-mentioned lever, the pressure-box to receive said piston, and a source of pressure communicating with said pressure-box, the lines of movement of said levers crossing each other at each side of a definite point in the stroke of said pistonrod, substantially and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a direct-acting steam-engine, the pivotally-secu red lever connected at one end with the main piston-rod, combined with the pivotally-secured lever moving on its pivot simultaneously with the first-mentioned lever, but describing at its end a different line of movement, and carrying a piston, the pressure-box receiving said piston and connected to move with saidlevers, and a source of pressure in communication with the interior of said pressure-box, substantially as set forth.

'7. The accumulator K, formed in the airchamber above the water-cylinders C of the pump and provided with differential pistons, combined with a pipe leading to means for resisting the movement of the piston-rod during one portion of its stroke and-assisting said movement during the latter portion of its stroke, said pipe containing a column of water through which the pressure of the pistons is transmitted, substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 19th day of January, A. I). 1889.

J OHN A. GROSIION.

WVit-nesses:

CHAS. C. GILL, ROBERT A. PoRTEoUs.

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