US409599A - Territory - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. M, & M. S. BROWNING. MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

No. 409,599. Patented Aug. 20, 1889;

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(No Model.)

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A A (K /1 3 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

G N M- M W m OE Bm n QUE m M M & m M M Tm (No Model.)

Patented Aug. 20, 1889.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. M. & M. S BROWNING.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patented Aug. 20, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. HROWNINGAND MATTHEW s BROWNING, or OGDEN, U'rAI-I TERRITORY.

FIRE-ARM.

srrcrrrcarxon forming part'of Letters Patent No. 409,599, dated August-20,1889.

Application filed May 21, 1838. Renewed January 8, 1889. Serial Il'o 295,806. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern..- lie itknown that we, JOHN M. BROWNING and MATTHEW S. BROWVNING, of Ogden, in the county of \Vcber and Territory of Utah, have invented new Improvements in Magazine Fire-Arms; and we dohereby declare the following, when taken in connect-ion with the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a-full clear, and exact description ofthe same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a longitudinal sectional side view of the arm, showing the parts in the closed position; Fig. 2, top'vicwof the receiver, por tion broken away to illustrate the locking device for the breech-piece; Fig. :3, longitudinal section showing the parts in the position of the breech-piece open; Fig. 4, transverse section on line a: as of Fig. 3, looking forward; Fig. 5, transverse section on line 3 y of Fig. looking forward; Fig. -U,.t'ransvcrse section on line z of Fig. 5), looking forward; Fig. 7, under side view of the breechpiece;.Fig. -8, horizontal section illustrating the operation of the magazine-stop; Fig. 9, side view from the right-hand or opening side of the arm, portions broken away for convenience of iilustration; l ig.10,transvcrse section directly forward of the front face of the breech-piece closed, looking rearward; Fig. 11, horizontal section through the extractor-block, in the closed position; Fig. 12, the same section as 'Fig. 11, in the-open position.

This invention relates to an improvemen in that elassof fire-arms in whiclrthe barrelis open into the receiver at its rear end, and having a breech-piece arranged to slide longitudinallybackward and forward iu'line with the barrel, the said breech piece being ope'r ated by a handle vbeneaththeharrel, forward of the receiver, and in connection with the mechanism of the arm, so that by moving the handle backward and forward the breechpiece is correspondingly open and closed, a \\-*ell-knowncch 1ss of arms, adapted more especially to 'arms'in. which a magazine is provided beneath the barrel, opening also into the receiver at the rear onto a carrier, which. under the opening movement of the breech' piece presents the cartridgeforward-of the breech-piece in returning will force the. cartridge into the barrel and return the carrier toreoeive a second cartridge, and so on.

The object ot-our present invention is to make the breech-piece its own look, when in the closed position, to resist recoil; and it consists in arranging the breech-piece in guides,

'so as to move longitudinallybackward and to the right and left in a horizontal plane, the

' breech-piece constructed with a laterally-pro-' jecting shoulder which, when in the closed position, will engage a corresponding shoulder in the'receiver, and so that the said shoulder on the breech-piece, resting against the stationary shoulder in the receiver, serves to resist recoil. The horizontal swinging movem ent imparted to the breech-piece correspondinglydisengages or engages said shoulders,

accordingly as the movement is opening or closing, and combined with mechanism where-' by'the said lateral swinging movement is imparted to the said breech piece-before it commences its rear front face of the breech-piece, so that the forward end of the breech-piece may bethrown movement to unlock the.

breech-piece, and the said lateral movement.

slide backward and forward longitudinally in the receiver, as usual in 'this'class of firearms, and,so that the breech-piece, when 1n its extreme forward position, closes the rearv end ofthe barrelv and supports the cartridge against recoil, or' when withdrawn permits the introduction of a cartridge or removal of an exploded shell.

nal path backward. and forwardtoward the receiver in' the usual manner for the handle in arms of thisfclass; From the handle-a bar Beneath the barrel and .forward of the receiver the sliding handle E is arranged, so as to be guided in a longitu'di- F extends intothereceiver, and'so as to slide backward and forward with the handle, the

handle serving as a means for operating the mechanism ofthe arm. v The breech-piece is constructed with a lateral projection G on its left-hand side, (see Figs. 4, 5, and 7 which,when the breech-piece is c1o'sed, .rests in a corresponding recess in the side of the frame, the said recess forming it shoulder H, (see Fig. 3,) with which the shoulder of the said projection G engages, and

.. position against the force of the'recoil. This so as to support the hreech-piece in the'closed' lateral locking of the breech-piece necessitates a lateral swinging or vibratory movement of the breech-piece 'to'disengage itfrom its locked. position before it can be opened. To rirnpart such lateral swinging movement a diagonai groove I is formed upon the nude? a stud K extends into the said groove 1 in the side of the breech-piece, at its forward. end',as' seen in Fig. 7. f The bar F carries a block:

J, made fast to its rear end, and from which forward end of the breeoh piece as seen in Fig. 4, and shown in broken lines, Figs. 1 and 3. The stud K receives only a longitudinal "movement from the bar, and under such 1011: I gitudinal movement the stud works in the groove I-as' scam, so that the breech-piece being in' the "closed positionthe first part of. the feat movement "of the handle operates through the said stud and groove to throw the breech-piece to theright, as represented in I Fig;;2;'sofar"as'to take-the projection G away breech-piece. To support the breech-piece so. that it may receive this lateral vibratory movee from the shoulder '11 andjtliereby unlock the ment a stationary stud L is formed on the receiver at the rear and extends up into acorfrespondmg longitudinal groove Mon the under sidot the breech-piece, (see Figs. liahd This-stud engagement with the hree'clnpiece [at the reariorms a pivotnponwhich the .7, and also indicatedin broken. lines, Fig. 2.)

hreech piece may swing to the rightand return. Whenthebre'ech-pi'eoe is thrown to combined action'ot thestud'K'and the'diag; .onal groove L'the grooveM is brought into a 5c the extreme unloekedposition through the directlongitndinallinegas indicated in Fig.

1 2,.so that when the hreechpiece has been thus thrown to the rightthe stud K comes toa '"hearing"at the"rear endof thegroove-I- and Jthere engages thebreech-piece, so that the '55 continuiedrear'movement of the handle will.

impartsnch. rear movement to the breech:

' I piece-,the breech-piece then sliding rearward 0 until it reaches-the extreme open position,as

' indicatedin Fig. 3; In such rear movement the projection G rides upon the inside of the ,s'eceiver. Now, if the handle-E he returnedthat is, moved forwardthe en gageinent between the groove 1 and'the bar will cause they breech-piece to move forward with it until it reaches the'closed position indicated in broken I lines, Fig. 2 a At this point'the projeotion'G on the breech piece, savings rr'ived at a po-' sitionforward'of the shoulder H, leaves the breech-piece free fora-return lateral movement, which is imparted by the'return of the stud K- through the groove I, and so that the last part of the forward movement of the handle'imparts the lateral swinging moveing projection G into engagement Witlrthe when the breech-piece is open.

The breech-piece is provided with the usual through it, and belowthe breech piece' a hammer O is hung upon; a pivot P, in the'usual manner, and, so that as the breech-piece is thrown rearwardthe hammer. is thrown .to-

engaged by the trigger R, in the usual manner for such hammers. These firing device's, being common and well known,donot require specific description. Y ln the receiver, beneath carriers is hung, (here represented as upon swing up and down, as fromthe positionin Fig.1'to that seen in Fig. 3. The carrier is caused to move up by means ofa shoulder T, on the under side. of the breech-piece, Which engages a pro'j'ectionU from the hub of the represented in'FigL- 3, to take. a cartridge piece returns, a shoulderV at the rear engages carrier common ,in" this class of} fire-arms. On-the under side of the breech-piece a stopa is formed,against'which the head of a;car-

tridge'passing from the magazine onto the carrier will strike before acartridge has passed entirely from the magazine, as'repre sented-in Fig. 11- Then, as the breech-piece spring, will follow the breech-piece .until it as indicated 'in" .brokeni.;lines,' Fig. I; This arriveset its position onthe carrier is done ment to thehreech-pieqe and brings the lock shoulder H of the receiver, and the -.breechin: order to provide a s'top for. the columns?- feartridges in the magazine thatthe carrier as firing-pin. N, which-extends longitudinallyf the full-cocked position, as seen in Fig. 3, and .95

the breech-piece,

the same pivot as the hammer) so as'to carrier as the breech-piece approaches itsjex treme rear position, as seen ,in'Figy3, and'so that-in the completion of the rear movement of the hree'chpiece the"carrier is raised, as

which it may have receivedfrom the mag-arzine to a position forward of the front'face of' the open breh-piece. Then, as the breechthereverse side of the proj ectionU onthe carier and returns itto'thefdown position, as represented-in Fig. 1. This operation ofthe' commences its opening movement that rearv cartridgeynnder the action of the magazine arrives at its proper positionon thecarrier,

. stopping of the rearmostieartrldge before it the introduction of cartridges to the barrel it rises or drops may not interfere with the next'cartridge in the magazine.

Upon the insidepf the receiver and below the bar F a; magazine stop-spring b is arranged; It-is made stationary'at its rearjend, but its forwardend is free, asseen in Fig. 8, so that when freeits forward vend projects i into the receiver and in rear of the magazine, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 8, so

as inform a stop forvthe rearniost cartridge in the magazine. 'lhespring its-constructed with an upwardly-projecting finger (I, which stands inthe path of the lower edge e of the block J, formed upon or attached to 'thebar F,and so that when the breech-piece is in the extreme closed position this down ward: pro-' jection e of the block J will stand inside the finger d, as; represented in Figs. 1, 4, and 8, and hold the spring out of line with the magazine as seen in Fi 8 so that when the breech-piece is fully closed the stop is withdrawn and the column of cartridges in the "wgazineis free to move rearward, the rearmost cartridge then passing onto the carrier against the stop a,-as before described. In the first part of the rear movement of the bar F the projection e of the block J passes from the finger d and leaves the springfree ,to fly magazine. I

the swinging movement s being imparted'to inclined, so that the projection e as it moves forward operates as a cam to force the spring-,

inwarchas seen in ln'okenlines Fi 8 into.

i g 1 D I position to stop the. next cartridge in the It arrives at this position while the breech-piece and before the breech-piece commences its rear movement; he'nce, as the; rearmost cartridge passes onto the carrier, as

before described, the spring-stop 1) stands in the path of the next cartridge, so as to arrest its rear movement, as represented in Fig. 8. The forward end of the-projection e and the correspondingedg'e of the fin gel" d'aro stop outward. g

To provide an extractorv uponthc breechpiece which will engage the head .of the cartridge in the magazine, as to withdraw the shell or cartridge if it be not exploded when the breech-piece is next moved 1rearward,it is necessary to provide an. extractor which will adapt itself to the lateral swinging movementof the breech-piecethatisjto say, as

the cartridge is to be thrown out through the side opening in the receiver the extractor must be of's'uch a character-as, will permit the lateral inovementof the breech-piece and yet retain its hold of the cartridge in connection with the breech-piece. To. do this we arrange a block f transversely across the front face of the breech-piece. (See Figs. 9 and '10.) I This block stands substantially below the point of the firing-pin,as seen in Fig. 10, and is guidedby' and so free in the'breechpiece that the said block being held to prevent its lateral movement, the breech-piece .will move thereon without imparting movement to. the said block-say as from the position seen in 'Fig. 11 to' that indicated in being material toour present invention.

broken lines, same figure. To the block f the extractor-hook g is hung, so as to swing in a horizontal plane upon a pivot h,'and a 7o spring '2' is provided inthe block, (sce'Fig. 11,)

the tendency of which to hold the hook in the engaging position but yet allow it to swing so that its hooked nose may pass over the head'of the cartridgevwhen the breechpermit the opening or closing movement of the breech-piece, as indicated in Fig. 9. On the block f, at-the end opposite the extractoro hook, a stationary projecting stud a is formed opposed tothe extractor ho0k in the usual "manner, so that the cartridge-head will be held between the extractor-hook and-the projection 02 consequently when thelbreech- 5 piece is moved-rearward the extractor will hold the shell by the head anddraw itrearward, and as the breech-piece approaches its extreme rear position a shoulder or projection r upon'the inside of the receiver, and in 160 'the'path or the flange'of the cartridge on'thc side of. the projectingstud n, resists the fur:

'ther rear movement of that side of the cartridge and consequently turns the shell out.-' ward, as indicated-in Fig. 12, so that it is ejected through the opening in the side of thereceiver in the usualmanner for ejecting cartridge-shells.

It will be understood that anyof the known firing devicesma'y be s'ubstituted'for the ham- 1 1o mcr and firing-pin whichwe have illustrated,

and that also other known carriers may be substituted for the carrier which we have illustrated, the *carriera-nd 'firiug devices not k 1 I 5 We claim;- 2 a v 1; --In a fire-arm in which 'tliebarrel opens. into the receiver at the rear, the 'eombination of a breech-piece arranged in the receiver in 4 longitudinal line with'the barrel and so as to move longitudinally backward and forward in opening and closing, ahandle beneath the barrel, forward otthc receiver, with a bar extending therefrom into the receiver beneath the breech-piece, the said breech-piece IlpOll its under side atthe forward end constructed with a diagonal groove, and the said bar provided with a corresponding stud entering said groove, the said-breech-piece supported, upon a pivot stationary in the receiver at its rear, 1 0

the breech-piece constructed with a lateral projection at its f0 ward end upon one side, and the receiver w th a corresponding shoulv, der with which said projection is adapted to to engage the breech-piece with the said shoulder in the receiver, substantially as'de scribed, 5 a

t In a fire-arm having the'barrel open into the receiver at the rear, the breech-piece D, arranged in the receiver and so as to move backward and forward in longitudinal, line with the barrel, the breechfpiece constructed with a'lateral projection Grv upon one side at itsoforward end, a station'arystud L in the receiver below the breech-piece at the rear,

.thebre'ech-piece constructedwith a groove M upon its under side corresponding to said stud L, th'esaid-stud L torming apivot upon which .the breech-piece 'may' swing laterally when in its-closed position, the receiver constructed with the shoulder; 11, corresponding tothe said projection G on the breech-piece.

: whenthe breeclrpieee is, in the closcdpos ition, a handle E,beneath the barrel and movable longitudinally toward and from the re ceivfer,-'a bar'F, extending from said handle into the receiver below the breech-piece, at-he breech picce-constructcd with a diagonal groove'l upon itsunder side at its forward end, the said barlprovided wit-lran-upwardly-' said projection G, aebloc'k fi-arranged' in-a proj coting stud K working in said" groove 'I, the receiver open upon-its side opposite the transverse groove in the forward end ot' the breech-piece, but the said block held against ;trans\ rerse movement, "an" extractordiook on said block adapted to engage the head of the i cartridge when the breech-piece is closed,'substantiall y as described, A

it 3. In a fire-arm having the barrel open into the receiver atvthe rear, with a magazine be-i low it openingalsointo the receiver at the ,rear, the combination therewithof the breechfatter the breech-piece closes-to correspond-f ingly disengage and-engage the projeetionot piecel), arranged to movelongitudinally towarda'nd from the rear end of the-barrel, a

stationary Ipivot in the receiver below the breech-pieee'at the rear, the "breech-piece constructed with a; longitudinal groove corresponding to saidstud, said stud serving as a pivot upon which said breech-piece may' swing laterally when in its closed position,-

the breech-piece constructed with a lateral,

projection upon one side and the receiver with a corresponding shoulder on the same side, with which said .proj eetion on the breechpiece is adapted to engage when the breechpiece is in its closed position the receiver 'openupon the side opposite the said projection on the breech-piece, the handle beneath the barreland. arranged to move longitudinally toward and from the. receiver, a bar F,

extending from the said handle into the re-' ce'iver beneath the breech-piece, the breechpiece constructed with a diagonal groove 1,

and the bar provided. with a corresponding stud K, adapted to work -in said diagonal,

groove I andso astoimpart a lateral move ment to said breech-piece before the op'enin g and also a return of said lateral movement the breech-piece. with the shoulder'inthe receiver, aspring-stop b in the receiver below the said bar F,'and'a cam like" project-ion on the said-bar adapted to engage a corre:

spending projection 11 on the saidspring-s'top when the breech-piecc-is in the closed posi-- tion, substantially as and for the purpose de:

scribed. i I

101m BROWNING Q g MA'lTHE'lV S; BROWNINGL- Witnesses: I I I i I JOHN E. RAMsnEN, MILES L. JONES;

movement'of the breech-piece commences,

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