US406372A

US406372A - schmidt

Info

Publication number: US406372A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 1906-07-02

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W; SCHMIDT. UTILIZING EXHAUST STEAM.

No. 406,372. Patented July 2, 1889.

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W. SCHMIDT.

UTILIZING EXHAUST STEAM.

No. 406,372. Patented July 2, 1889.

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No. 406,372. Patented July 2, 1889.

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W. SCHMIDT. UTILIZING EXHAU$T STEAM.

No. 406,372. Patented Jul 2, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE.

\VILHELM SCHMIDT, OF HALBERSTADT, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

UTILIZING EXHAUST-STEAM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 406,372, dated July 2, 1889. Application filed December 11, 1888. Serial No. 293,286. (No model.) Patented in England September 6, 1888, No. 12,866.

T0 60% whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHMIDT, engineer, a subject ofthe King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing at Halberstadt, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Utilizing Exhaust-Steam, (and for which I have applied for Letters Patent in England under the No. 12,866, dated September 6, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

Hy invention consists in aniethod of utilizing the latent heat of exhaust-steam. \Vith the steam-engines known up to the present the exhaust-steam-that is to say, its latent heat thereinis utilized only to a very small extent, through condensation heating the feedwater, &c. The greater part of this latent warmth is, however, lost. The purpose of the method described below is to arrive at a better utilization of this steam containing latent heat. The proceeding essentially consists in first making the working-steam act in a steam-engine and by it compressing air, and in conducting the exhaust-steam of this engine into an indirect-acting vaporizing apparatus through which the compressed air passes, and whereby this air is made to absorb fluid in the shape of steam. The fluid evaporates at the vaporizing-surfaces, which are heated by the exhaust-steam. Thus it is possible that the vaporized fiuid,which naturally takes the tension of the compressed air, increases the quantity of the compressed-air volume. The tension thus increased may be used in any manner whatever in other engines. From the above it is clear that the increase of quantity has been obtained in utilizing the latent heat of the exhaust-steam.

.In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different figures.

Figure 1 represents a section of the apparatus used. Fig. 2 represents a section of the same, but in duplex formthat is, two steamcylinders and two air-pumps. Fig. 3 represents a section of the apparatus the same as Fig. 2, but with an auxiliary steam-cylinder. Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a modithe two pipes Z Z and through the pipe Z into the chamber Z from where it fills the heat-- ing-tubes 1*. From the pipes Z water flows over these heating-tubes l and which flows along their surface, and which in streaming down is evaporated by the heated tubes Z This evaporated fluid is met by the air compressed to six atmospheres, and which flows from the air-pump B through pipes l and absorbs the evaporated volume, and the result is a mixture of compressed air and steam of the same tension as the compressed air. This mixture of air and steam escapes through the pipes R, and may be used at pleasure in motors. It must be pointed out that through the admixture of air this working-volume suffers very little loss through condensation in therefore, is specially suitable for separate motors far apart from each other. haust-steam in the box Z and in the tubes I will be condensed in consequence of the action of the water from Z and the water resulting will gather in the box Z from whence it is led into the pipes Z by a mechanical coning-tubes 1*. All of the steam is not condensed. Part of it is to be allowed to escape from the box Z which is suitably supplied with a discharge-valve, so that the tension in this box Z can be kept at one atmosphere.

The arrangement as represented in Fig, 2 serves to arrive at a more perfect utilization heat of the same. In this case the proceeding is a gradualone, working with exhauststeam of increasing tensions.

The two steam-cylinders A A work with different expansions, so that on the back side of the piston in A there is an expansion from six to one atmosphere, on the other side an expansion from six to one and five-tenths atthe conduit-pipes, and that this mixture,

trivance and used for passing over the heatof the exhaust-steam, respectively, the latent The exmospheres, and on the back side of the piston in A an expansion from to two and five-tenths atmospheres, and on the other from six to two atmospheres. The exhaust-steam of dififerent tensions thus obtained, which also possesses different temperatures of 100, 110, 120, 127, is conducted through the tubes 8 s s 5-" into the condensing apparatus, so that the air volume compressed by the airpump M M first passes through the tubes Z, which are heated by exhaust-steam of 100, then through the tubes heated by exhauststeam of 110, and so on through the tubes heated to a higher degree.

1) 1119 19 are the partition-boxes, into which the exhaust-steam of different tensions is led. Through this increasing heating of the heatin g-t-ubes along which, as in the first example, fluid flows for evaporation, the compressed-air volume conducted through pipe Z is able to carry a larger quantity of vaporized fluid, for after having saturated itself for the greatest part with steam at the tubes Z, heated with exhaust-steam of 100, the more heated tubes in the following partitions p p 27 give it an opportunity of inereasingits amount of steam, so that through regulating the degree of temperature one is enabled to utilize the far greater part of the latent heat contained in the exhaust-steam through evaporation of fluid and the ensuing increase of volume of the air flowing through the vaporizing apparatus.

In order to arrive at the most perfect results possible of using the latent heat of exhaust-steam it is desirable to make the compressed-air volume obtained from the principal cylinder as large as that of the steam-volume used in the cylinder, as naturally, in consequence of this increase of the air-volume obtained, the latent heat of the exhaust-steam used in the principal cylinder will be more easily absorbed. Therefore, in order to increase this quantity of compressed air, an aux.- iliary cylinder 0 has been placed, Fig. 3, which is not fed by steam from the principal boiler, but by a mixture of steam and air from the conduit-pipe R. In this instance a part of the mixture of air and steam contained in the vaporizing apparatus is used as an auxiliary to the steam-cylinders A A working with different expansions. Now, in order to arrive at a perfect utilization of the latent heat of the BXlhtUSlkStGitlll, one may specially heat the con'lpressed-air volume before and after the operation of vaporization, and thus render it still more suitable for the absorption ofevaporated fluid. This may be applied to the simple apparatus, Fig. 1, as well as to the gradual process, Figs. 2 and 3. Figs. 4 and 5 show this heating of the air volume during its passage through the vaporizing apparatus in the gradual process.

The following may serve to explain Figs. 4 and 5.

p p p p are the receptacles into which the exhaust-steams of diiferent tension and temperatures are led and which heat the tubes. These tubes 1 are covered with a substance which absorbs moisture, and are connected with each other. They serve, as in the first apparatus, for heating and vaporizing the fluid which flows over them from the pipes Between these tubes Z heatingtubes h are arranged, which are heated from the receptacle and by extra steam. The com pressed air fiows in through the pipe Z and flows upward between the tubes Z and h, and is heated 011 the tubes 71, and at the same time absorbs the evaporated fluid from the heated tubes Z and their covers 6. As mentioned above, the heat ng of the air-volume through the tubes It increases its capacity of absorbing the evaporated fluid.

Having now fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1. A method of utilizing the latent heat of exhaust-steam, which consists in first using live steam to compress air and using the exhaust-steam from this air-compressing engine for warming and evaporating water the steam of which is mixed with the compressed air, substantially as and for the purpose as described.

2. A method of utilizing the latent heat of exhaust-steam, which consists in first using live steam to compress air, and using the exhaust-steam from this engine for warming and evaporating water the steam of which is mixed. with the compressed air, and heating this compressed air before or during its passage through the evaporating apparatus for the purpose of increasing its absorbing powers, substantially as described.

I11 witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

WILIIE'LM SCHMIDT. lVitnesses:

B. Roi, THEoDoR Il'nox.