US4038578A - Short-arc discharge lamp with electrode support structure - Google Patents

Short-arc discharge lamp with electrode support structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US4038578A
US4038578A US05/692,058 US69205876A US4038578A US 4038578 A US4038578 A US 4038578A US 69205876 A US69205876 A US 69205876A US 4038578 A US4038578 A US 4038578A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
supporting member
neck
lamp
short
arc discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US05/692,058
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English (en)
Inventor
Petrus Johannes Mathijssen
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/98—Lamps with closely spaced electrodes heated to incandescence by light-emitting discharge, e.g. tungsten arc lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
    • H01J61/86—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes, e.g. for optical projection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a short-arc discharge lamp having a rare gas-filled quartz glass lamp envelope comprising a portion enclosing the discharge space and two neck-shaped portions via which electrode pins which support the electrodes and which are led through the wall of the lamp envelope in a vacuum-tight manner extend to in the discharge space, a cylindrical supporting member through which the electrode pin is led being present in the neck-shaped portions.
  • Characteristic of short-arc discharge lamps is that the distance between the ends of the electrodes is smaller than the distance from the ends to the wall of the lamp envelope.
  • the electrodes are heavy, in particular the anode of direct current lamps, and the electrode pins are long. As a result of this, large forces are exerted on the vacuum-tight lead-through of the electrode pins through the wall of the lamp envelope. This gives easily rise to the formation of cracks in the seal, as a result of which the lamp will leak.
  • a cylindrical supporting member through which the electrode pin is led is provided in the neck-shaped portions of the lamp envelope.
  • the supporting member consists of a quartz glass cylinder which is fused with the wall of the lamp envelope.
  • the cylinder has continuous recesses along its jacket and/or axial bores so that gas transport from the discharge space to the space in the neck-shaped portion behind the supporting member, and conversely, can easily take place. These ducts would also be necessary to evacuate and gas-fill the lamp envelope during the manufacture of the lamp.
  • the fusion of the quartz glass supporting member with the wall of the lamp envelope is a particularly critical step in the manufacture of the lamp. Considerable stresses may occur in the quartz glass so that cracks easily occur.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,250,941 discloses a short-arc lamp in which the anode bears against the wall of the lamp envelope by means of an expanded turn of a wire which is wound in a clamping manner around the anode.
  • the primary object of this wire is to center the anode during the manufacture of the lamp, in particular upon making the vacuum-tight lead-through of the anode pin.
  • the coiled wire as a supporting member in the finished lamp is not very effective, since a coil will give way when shocks occur as a result of which forces will nevertheless be exerted on the vacuum-tight lead-through of the electrode pin.
  • the discharge space is in open communication with the space behind the supporting member.
  • lamps are also known in which the electrode pins are supported by allowing the wall of the neck-shaped portions of the lamp envelope to collapse onto the electrode pins after heating. Some clearance must however remain between the wall and the electrode pin due to differences in thermal expansion of the material of the two parts.
  • This construction not only involves a very critical step in the manufacture, which requires great skill, but in addition the lamps in which said construction is used are less suitable to be clamped unilaterally in a horizontal operating condition. Another drawback is that during the manufacture of the lamp it is difficult to remove air from the dead space behind the support.
  • lamps are on the market in which the electrode pins are supported on the wall of the neck-shaped portion of the lamp envelope by means of a cylindrical, solid, tungsten member which is immovably secured to the pins by soldering or welding.
  • a drawback of this construction is that as a result of the high temperatures which have to be used during welding or soldering, recrystallization occurs in the electrode pins. As a result of this they will become brittle and easily break when the lamp is subjected to shocks.
  • short-arc discharge lamps of the kind mentioned in the preamble are characterized in that the cylindrical supporting member is connected neither to the wall of the neck-shaped portion, nor to the electrode pin, and that means are present to fix the supporting member against axial displacement.
  • the supporting member is hence simply slid on the electrode pin and the pin with the supporting members are slid into the neck-shaped portion of the lamp envelope. Treatments for securing the supporting member to the electrode pin or to the wall of the neck-shaped portion, which might make the lamp sensitive to shocks, are therefore not necessary.
  • the wire used to fix the supporting member may be of metal which can withstand high temperatures, for example, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium, and the like.
  • the clearance between the electrode pin and the supporting member and between the supporting member and the wall of the neck-shaped portion is preferably not larger than is necessary with a view to differences in thermal expansion between the materials used.
  • the supporting member is of the same material as the electrode pin, the diameter of the bore in the supporting pin may therefore be equal to the diameter of the electrode pin. This may also be the case, for example, if the coefficient of expansion of the material of the supporting member is larger than or equal to that of the material of the electrode pin.
  • the supporting member does not comprise axially extending channels other than for leading-through the electrode pin and separates the space behind the supporting member from the discharge space with the exception of the slots between the wall and the supporting member and between the supporting member and the electrode pin. It has actually been found that as a result of this a quieter discharge arc is obtained. This is ascribed to the considerable restriction of the possibility that comparatively cold gas from the neck-shaped portion of the lamp envelope mixes during operation with the hot gas in the discharge space.
  • the narrow slots via which the discharge space and the space in the necks of the lamp envelope communicate with each other constitute no impedance for the evacuation and rare gas-filling of the lamp envelope via one exhaust tube which for optical reasons is preferably provided on one of the neck-shaped portions of the envelope.
  • the length of the supporting member is smaller. From a point of view of costs also the supporting member will not be chosen to be considerably longer than is necessary to obtain a stable support of the electrode pin. In general the length of the supporting member will not be larger than its largest diameter.
  • the supporting member is often shorter. According as the slots between the wall of the neck-shaped portion of the lamp envelope and the supporting member and between the supporting member and the electrode pin may be narrower with a view to the coefficients of expansion of the materials used, the supporting member may be chosen to be shorter.
  • the length of the supporting member restricts the extent to which, with given gap widths, the axial direction of the supporting member may deviate from the axial direction of the neck-shaped portion of the lamp envelope. If on the basis of the thermal expansion of the materials a smaller gap width is permissible, a smaller length of the supporting member will suffice to restrict deviations in the said axial directions to the same extent.
  • the restriction of the deviation in axial directions has for its object to prevent the supporting member from becoming fixed in an inclined position.
  • the supporting members are provided as near as possible to the open ends of the neck-shaped portions.
  • the supporting members may be manufactured from materials which can withstand the high temperatures prevailing in the lamp during operation.
  • materials may be mentioned: quartz glass, ceramic materials, such as polycrystalline Al 2 O 3 or MgAl 2 O 4 (Spinel), monocrystalline Al 2 O 3 , high-melting-point metals, for example tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, titanium, and the like.
  • the supporting members may have a variety of shapes. The simplest is that of a circular disc or rod having a central bore for the electrode pin. For reasons of cost-price, members having this shape are preferably manufactured from quartz glass or ceramic. The use of quartz glass or ceramic members has the additional advantage that said materials are poor heat conductors as a result of which a quieter discharge arc is obtained.
  • a quartz glass supporting member When a quartz glass supporting member is used, the member might adhere to the wall, which is undesirable. Therefore, in cases in which such a treatment may be necessary, a quartz glass member is preferably used, the jacket of which is lined with a foil or coating of a high-melting-point metal, for example, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, titanium of a few microns thick (for example, 10-30 microns).
  • the foil may be secured to the member by folding it about the edge of the end faces of the member.
  • the glass of the wall of the necl does not adhere to a foil-lined or coated quartz member.
  • metal supporting members are preferably not solid. They may consist of a sleeve which is closed at one or two sides and which has a central bore for the electrode pin, or it may consist of two telescoping sleeves or of a cylinder fitting the electrode pin and having a flange fitting in the neck-shaped portion.
  • the advantage of the members is that they consume little material, while in the last-mentioned shape, as well as in the case of the unilaterally closed cylinder, one of the slots, via which during manufacture of the lamp air is to be exhausted from the lamp, is particularly short.
  • Said supporting members may readily be manufactured from a ceramic material.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation of a short-arc discharge lamp
  • FIGS. 2 to 7 are axial sectional views through supporting members of ceramic or metal
  • FIG. 8 is an axial sectional view through a quartz glass supporting member having a metal foil lining on the cylinder jacket.
  • Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 denotes the part of the quartz glass lamp envelope surrounding the discharge space
  • 2 and 3 denote the neck-shaped portions.
  • the pins are led through the wall of the lamp envelope at the ends of the necks in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • Caps 8 and 9 are secured to the ends of the necks and have connection possibilities for current supply wires.
  • the exhaust tube seal is denoted by 10.
  • a ceramic supporting member 11 supports and centres the electrode pin 4 of the anode; a quartz glass member 12 supports and centres the electrode pin of the cathode.
  • the supporting member 11 is locked against displacement in the axial direction by a tungsten wire 13 which is wound around the electrode pin near the supporting member and near the anode. Movement in the opposite direction is impossible by a re-entrant part 14 in the wall of the neck
  • the supporting member 12 is fixed at one end by a loose, wound wire 15, and at the other end by a wire 16 wound in a clamping manner.
  • the lamp is filled with 10 atmospheres Xenon, has an electrode spacing of 3.6mm and during operation takes up a power of 1000W at 20V.
  • FIG. 7 shows a member which consists of two telescoping metal sleeves 70 and 71 each having a central bore 72 and 73 for the electrode pin.
  • Reference numeral 80 in FIG. 8 denotes a quartz glass supporting member having a bore 81 and a molybdenum foil 82 which is folded at 83 and 84 around the end faces of the quartz member.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 it is to be noted that these may be used so that the end comprising the flange is present in the neck-shaped portion of the lamp envelope, while the other end bears against the electrode so that movement of the member in the direction of the electrode is impossible. Fixation is necessary only against a movement in the opposite direction.
  • the gap length via which during the manufacture the lamp envelope is to be evacuated and filled with gas is particularly small in these members.
US05/692,058 1975-06-05 1976-06-02 Short-arc discharge lamp with electrode support structure Expired - Lifetime US4038578A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7506655A NL7506655A (nl) 1975-06-05 1975-06-05 Korte-boog ontladingslamp.
NL7506655 1975-06-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US4038578A true US4038578A (en) 1977-07-26

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ID=19823892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/692,058 Expired - Lifetime US4038578A (en) 1975-06-05 1976-06-02 Short-arc discharge lamp with electrode support structure

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4038578A (de)
JP (1) JPS51148274A (de)
CA (1) CA1052438A (de)
DE (1) DE2623099C2 (de)
FR (1) FR2313767A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1486389A (de)
NL (1) NL7506655A (de)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4190786A (en) * 1977-12-23 1980-02-26 Ushio Denki Kabushikikaisha Discharge lamp
US4463281A (en) * 1980-08-06 1984-07-31 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure electric discharge lamp with electrode support
US4559472A (en) * 1982-02-16 1985-12-17 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp having support structures for the elongate electrodes thereof
US5025192A (en) * 1988-07-26 1991-06-18 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha End base construction for a discharge lamp
US5569978A (en) * 1994-04-19 1996-10-29 Ilc Technology, Inc. Flash lamp with O-ring electrode seals
US5598063A (en) * 1992-12-16 1997-01-28 General Electric Company Means for supporting and sealing the lead structure of a lamp
US5663607A (en) * 1994-06-29 1997-09-02 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Discharge lamp lead support
US5859492A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-12 Austad; Helge Electrode rod support for short arc lamp
EP0915496A1 (de) * 1997-11-07 1999-05-12 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Kurzbogenlampe
EP1047111A2 (de) * 1999-04-23 2000-10-25 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Kurzbogen-Entladungslampe
US6356018B1 (en) * 1997-10-31 2002-03-12 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Short ARC tube having an intermediate layer between the side tube and the retaining body
US20030151364A1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-14 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Short arc discharge lamp
US20040080258A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-04-29 Joon-Sik Choi Electrodeless lamp system and bulb thereof
US20040178732A1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Assembly for lamp construction and associated lamp and method for connecting the assembly
US6849993B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2005-02-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Discharge lamp and lamp unit with caulking member
CN100449677C (zh) * 2003-06-19 2009-01-07 优志旺电机株式会社 短弧放电灯
US20100253206A1 (en) * 2007-11-29 2010-10-07 Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung Electrode rod holder in a high-pressure discharge lamp
WO2011039033A1 (de) 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur herstellung einer entladungslampe
CN102034672A (zh) * 2009-09-24 2011-04-27 株式会社Orc制作所 放电灯
WO2012004166A1 (de) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kurzbogenlampe - entladungslampe
CN104584187B (zh) * 2012-09-25 2016-11-16 株式会社Orc制作所 放电灯和放电灯的制造方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5530122A (en) * 1978-08-23 1980-03-03 Toshiba Corp Discharging lamp equipped with sintered electrode
JPS6336607Y2 (de) * 1980-06-09 1988-09-28
DE4030820A1 (de) * 1990-09-28 1992-04-02 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE19626624C2 (de) * 1996-07-02 2003-04-10 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Hochdruckentladungslampe und Hochdruckentladungslampe

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3315116A (en) * 1965-10-22 1967-04-18 Norman C Beese High intensity short-arc lamp having bi-metallic electrode leads
US3488546A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-01-06 Pek Labs Inc Arc lamp with movable electrode for arc starting
US3515928A (en) * 1966-07-15 1970-06-02 Gen Electric One-shot arc lamp with mass of vaporizable wire between electrodes
US3517248A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-06-23 Us Navy Pressure control of electrode position in gas tube
US3518480A (en) * 1967-10-24 1970-06-30 Agfa Gevaert Nv Arc lamp construction

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1132242B (de) * 1961-01-16 1962-06-28 Patra Patent Treuhand Elektrodeneinschmelzung fuer Hochdruckentladungslampen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US3250941A (en) * 1963-03-01 1966-05-10 Gen Electric Discharge lamp manufacture
FR1539756A (fr) * 1967-07-07 1968-09-20 Comp Generale Electricite Dispositif de traversée d'électrode
US3636395A (en) * 1970-02-19 1972-01-18 Sperry Rand Corp Light source
FR2147094A1 (en) * 1971-07-29 1973-03-09 Holobeam Long-arc gas discharge lamp - contg metal lic vapour besides inert gas, for high light yield
US3848151A (en) * 1973-10-23 1974-11-12 Gen Electric Ceramic envelope lamp having metal foil inleads

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3315116A (en) * 1965-10-22 1967-04-18 Norman C Beese High intensity short-arc lamp having bi-metallic electrode leads
US3515928A (en) * 1966-07-15 1970-06-02 Gen Electric One-shot arc lamp with mass of vaporizable wire between electrodes
US3517248A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-06-23 Us Navy Pressure control of electrode position in gas tube
US3518480A (en) * 1967-10-24 1970-06-30 Agfa Gevaert Nv Arc lamp construction
US3488546A (en) * 1967-11-13 1970-01-06 Pek Labs Inc Arc lamp with movable electrode for arc starting

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4190786A (en) * 1977-12-23 1980-02-26 Ushio Denki Kabushikikaisha Discharge lamp
US4463281A (en) * 1980-08-06 1984-07-31 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure electric discharge lamp with electrode support
US4559472A (en) * 1982-02-16 1985-12-17 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp having support structures for the elongate electrodes thereof
US5025192A (en) * 1988-07-26 1991-06-18 Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha End base construction for a discharge lamp
US5598063A (en) * 1992-12-16 1997-01-28 General Electric Company Means for supporting and sealing the lead structure of a lamp
US5569978A (en) * 1994-04-19 1996-10-29 Ilc Technology, Inc. Flash lamp with O-ring electrode seals
US5663607A (en) * 1994-06-29 1997-09-02 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Discharge lamp lead support
US5859492A (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-01-12 Austad; Helge Electrode rod support for short arc lamp
US6356018B1 (en) * 1997-10-31 2002-03-12 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Short ARC tube having an intermediate layer between the side tube and the retaining body
EP0915496A1 (de) * 1997-11-07 1999-05-12 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Kurzbogenlampe
US6369509B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2002-04-09 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Short arc lamp with crack-preventing electric mounting arrangement
EP1047111A2 (de) * 1999-04-23 2000-10-25 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Kurzbogen-Entladungslampe
EP1047111A3 (de) * 1999-04-23 2004-07-28 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Kurzbogen-Entladungslampe
US6849993B2 (en) * 2000-05-31 2005-02-01 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Discharge lamp and lamp unit with caulking member
US6741035B2 (en) 2002-02-13 2004-05-25 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Short arc discharge lamp
US20030151364A1 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-14 Ushiodenki Kabushiki Kaisha Short arc discharge lamp
US20040080258A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-04-29 Joon-Sik Choi Electrodeless lamp system and bulb thereof
US7253555B2 (en) * 2002-10-24 2007-08-07 Lg Electronics Inc. Electrodeless lamp system and bulb thereof
US20040178732A1 (en) * 2003-03-14 2004-09-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Assembly for lamp construction and associated lamp and method for connecting the assembly
US7116048B2 (en) * 2003-03-14 2006-10-03 Patent - TreuhandGesellschaft fur Elektrische Glühlampen mbH Assembly for lamp construction and associated lamp and method for connecting the assembly
CN100449677C (zh) * 2003-06-19 2009-01-07 优志旺电机株式会社 短弧放电灯
US20100253206A1 (en) * 2007-11-29 2010-10-07 Osram Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung Electrode rod holder in a high-pressure discharge lamp
US7973478B2 (en) 2007-11-29 2011-07-05 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Electrode rod holder in a high-pressure discharge lamp
CN102034672A (zh) * 2009-09-24 2011-04-27 株式会社Orc制作所 放电灯
CN102034672B (zh) * 2009-09-24 2015-01-21 株式会社Orc制作所 放电灯、放电灯用电极以及放电灯用电极的制造方法
WO2011039033A1 (de) 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur herstellung einer entladungslampe
DE102009048126A1 (de) 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Entladungslampe
WO2012004166A1 (de) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Kurzbogenlampe - entladungslampe
CN104584187B (zh) * 2012-09-25 2016-11-16 株式会社Orc制作所 放电灯和放电灯的制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1486389A (en) 1977-09-21
DE2623099C2 (de) 1984-09-06
NL7506655A (nl) 1976-12-07
JPS5745025B2 (de) 1982-09-25
FR2313767B1 (de) 1979-05-04
JPS51148274A (en) 1976-12-20
CA1052438A (en) 1979-04-10
DE2623099A1 (de) 1976-12-23
FR2313767A1 (fr) 1976-12-31

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