US403431A

US403431A - Tire-rolling machine

Info

Publication number: US403431A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 1906-05-14

Description

3 -SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. KENNEDY. TIRE ROLLING MACHINE. No. 403,431. Patented May 14, 1889.

N PETERS, Phewmho n har. Walhmginn. D. C.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

' J. KENNEDY.

TIRE ROLLING MACHINE.

No. 403,431. Patented May 14, 1889.

u, FETEns Phm-Lilhognphar Waumngmn. uxc.

mu l

WITN ESSES. m I

(No Model.) a Sheets-Sheet 3. v

J. KENNEDY.

TIRE ROLLING MACHINE.

DID/403,431. Patented May 14, 1889..

WITNESSES.

INVENTOR.

- Z QM N. PETERS, PhvmLima nhor, Washington, D (I.

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JULIAN KENNEDY, OF LATROBE, PENNSYLVANIA.

TIRE-ROLLING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,431, dated May 14, 1889.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JULIAN KENNEDY, of Latrobe, in the county of lVestmoreland and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Tire-Rolling Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying three sheets of drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof on the line 0c of Fig. 6. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on the line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. i is a vertical cross-section on the line 5 z of Figs. 2 and 6. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a part. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the machine, showing the parts in their proper position when rolling a tire. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section on the line .2 z of Figs. 2 and 6. Fig. 8 is a vertical crossseotion on the line a u of Fig. 5.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each of the figures.

My improved machine is one of that class which is used to shape and roll tires for railway car-wheels from annular blooms or ingots, the machine comprising, essentially, two rolls working in conjunction, one on the inner periphery and the other on the outer periphery of the tire, which, as it is rolled between them, increases in annular diameter and is shaped peripherally to the desired form and outline.

My invention relates to a novel construction and arrangement of parts of such machine, whereby its efficiency and rapidity of action are increased and the tire is more easily placed in and removed from the machine.

In the drawings, 2 represents the driven shaft of the main roll 3, which operates on the exterior periphery of the tire 4c, and 5 is the roll which operates on the inner periphery thereof. The outer roll, 3, is a short hollow roll, which is shaped peripherally to conform to the desired external shape of the tire, and is removably fitted on the shaft 2, being held thereto by a key, 6, which passes through elongated slots in the roll and its shaft. The

roll is supported on the shaft bya peripheral shoulder on the latter at the base of the key slot, which shoulder fits under and supports an internally-projecting shoulder on the interior of the roll. The advantage of this construction is that the roll is suspended on the shaft and is free to expand thereon at the lower end when heated. (See Fig. 2.) If the roll should be held rigidly at both ends, the heat of the metal bloom, raising the temperature of the roll much more rapidly than that of its shaft, and therefore elongatingthe roll more than .the shaft, would tend to rupture the shaft or to break the connection of the rollretaining devices therewith. By keying and supporting the roll on the shaft at one end and leaving it free at the other end the heat simply causes it to expand harmlessly.

The shaft 2 is journaled in suitable stationary bearings, 7, on the frame of the machine, and is driven at the lower end by any suitable power connections. The internal roll, 5, is peculiarly journaled, its arrangement forming an important feature of my invention.

There are two horizontal swinging carrier arms or levers, S and 10, which are pivoted at the middle to a vertical post or pivot, 9,which is suitably bolted or otherwise secured to the frame of the machine. (See Fig. 4.) These carrier-arms are independently rotary on the post 9, and are situated one at the level of the upper neck and the other at the level of the lower neck of the roll 5. As shown in Fig. 4, the arm 10 is provided with an integral hub or sleeve,'10, which encircles the post 9 and rests at the bottom on a projecting portion of the frame of the machine, and the lever 8, Figs. 4 and 6, where it encircles the post 9, rests upon the sleeve 10, and is surmounted by the top plate or entablature, 1, of the machine, through which the post 9 passes. The post is fixed to the machine by nuts 9' at the ends. The use of the hub or sleeve 10 prevents tipping of the lever 10, which carries and supports the roll, and the pivoting of the levers S and 10 on a common axis gives them steadiness and certainty of action. The inner end of the lower arm,-10, is made annular in form, so as to be adapted to receive and support a bearing, 11, for the lower neck of the roll 5, Figs. 1, 2, and 4, and the inner end of the upper arm, 8, is provided with a lateral cavity or recess faced with a pin 13 is a strong bar of metal encircled bya tubular collar, 12, which is attached to the end of the plunger 12 by a key, 13, Fig. 1. The connection of the arm ,8 with the pin'is' directly above the collar 12, and the cavity at the end of the arm is adapted to embrace the pin 13 directly below the said collar, as shown in Fig. 4. Both arms or

levers

8 and 10 are therefore operated through the medium of, this pin by means of the rigid plunger, and the use of the common connectingpin renders the action of the lever-arms uniform, and preserves their exact parallelism even in case of the exertion of unequal strain upon them during the operation of the machine in rolling. The link 15, Figs. 1 and 4, is pivotally connected with both the pin 13 and the post 9, and is allowed free rotation on the latter by a tubular separator or collar, 15, which encircles the pin 9 within the bearing of the link, and projecting beyond the face of the latter relieves it from contact with the nut 9, Fig. 4. The cylinder 14 is preferably adapted to be rotated horizontally-on central vertical trunnions or pivots, the arrangement of which is shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 6, and which I shall now describe.

16 16' are brackets which respectively form parts of the top plate or entablature 1 and the frame of the machine, and between these brackets the cylinder 14 is journaled on vertical projecting trunnions 17, Fig. 3, which fit in suitable bearings in the brackets. These trunnions are on diametrically-opposite sides of the cylinder and are provided with vertical hollow castings 18, having water-passages connected with the front and rear ends of the cylinder 14, respectively. These castings 18 are mounted within vertical frames or standards 19, having suitable journals at their ends, in which the supply-pipes 20 have a bearing. The standards 19 are bolted to the brackets 16, as shown in Figs. 1,3, and 6.

While the use of an oscillatory cylinder is for many reasons advantageous, it is not essential, since, if desired, a stationary cylinder having a jointed connection with the lever 8 may be employed. The cylinder 14 is preferably provided with a brass lining, 21,which extends from end to end of the cylinder in a single piece, beingconstructed with its greatest diameter formed in an outwardly-projecting shoulder 22, Fig. 1, and at the inner end of the lining there is an inwardly-projecting annular shoulder, 23, which fits neatly around the piston-rod 12.

24 is a cap at the outer end of the cylinder 14. 25 isthe follower or gland at the other end, and from the construction of the lining it follows that it may be removed from the cylinder in a single piece by removing the cap 24. The hydraulic pressure exerted in the cylinder during the operation of the machine is necessarily very considerable, and it is desirable to use precautions against leakage of the water past the packings of the piston. To this end, I connect the space between the two packingrings b and c of the piston, by small vent-holes or passages 01, with the interior of the hollow piston 12. In case any water should leak past either packing b or c from either side of the piston, it will pass through these vents intothe piston, and on its escaping at the outer end of the latter the presence of the leak may be promptly detected and measures taken to remedy it.

26 and 27, Fig. 2, are the edging-rolls,which operate on the edges of the tire. The lower roll, 26, is fixed to the end of a rotary shaft, 28, which is supported in suitable bearings, 29 and 30. The bearings 29 at one end of the shaft back of the roll 26 are affixed to ahori- 'zontal sliding frame or carriage, 31, which is mounted on the frame of the machine, and the bearings 30 are fixed to the stationary portion of the'machine-frame. The shaft 28 is driven by a pinion, 32, keyed to a sleeve, g, which is fitted on the shaft with-a feather and spline and revolves within the bearing 30, so that the shaft may move longitudinally with the sliding carriage 31 without disconnection from the pinion and sleeve, which are not susceptible of such longitudinal motion.

The carriage 31 is preferably box-shaped, as shown in the drawings, and is adapted to be moved backward and forward by means of a suitable motor, consisting, preferably, of a hydraulic cylinder, 33, having a piston, 34, and piston-rod or plunger 35, which is connected at the end with a portion of the carriage. side of the slides of the carriage, and is connected therewith by bolts, which-pass through lateral horizontal flanges on the cylinder. The

upper edging-roll, 27, Fig. 2, is arranged at the 1 end of the shaft 36, the forward end of which is mounted in bearings 37, and the rear end of which is mounted in bearings 38. The bearings 38 are supported by lateral trunnions 39, which are suitably journaled in projecting wings 39' of the carriage 31, so that the shaft 36 and its bearings 38 shall be oscillatory.

40 are radius bars or levers, which at one extremity are pivotally mounted on the trunnions 39, and at the other end are provided with lateral curved recesses which fit beneath the curved tongues or projections at the base of the bearings 37, as shown in Fig. 2. The bars 40 are upheld by a hydraulic cylinder, 41, having a piston, 42, and links 43, which connect the piston with the bars 40. The shaft 36 is movable and adjustable vertically by the cylinder 41 and its piston, by means of The cylinder is situated on the under which the bars 40 may be raised and the shaft 36 thereby raised pivotally on the trunnions 39, as will be readily understood.

In order to depress the shaft 36, I employ a cylinder, 44, having a piston, 45, the lower end of which is made in form of a section of a cylinder, and which fits in a correspondingly-shaped socket on top of the bearings 37, so that :s the shaft 3 6 is raised by the cylinder 41 there shall be no strain at the connection of the piston 45 with the bearings 37. The rear bearings, 38, of the shaft 36 are adjustable vertically by any suitable adjusting device-such, for example, as the removable supporting-liners 62 and set-bolts 46, which I have shown in the drawings, Fig. 2'? These should be so adjusted that at the end of the rolling operation, when the tire has assumed its complete form, the roll 27 will be substantially horizontal.

I shall now describe generally the operation of so much of the machine as I have already described.

The tires are made from annular blooms or ingots of metal in the manner which has long been practiced in the art. The roll 5, which operates on the inside of the tire, is set vertically in the bearings 11, Fig. 2, which are supported at the inner end of the lower arm, 10, as already described, and at the beginning of the rolling operation the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1. The bloom having been properly heated is placed over and around the roll 5, which, as shown in Fig. 1, is not then encircled at the top by any bearings that would prevent the easy adjustment of the bloom. *ater-pressnre is now applied to the rear of the cylinder 14, so as to project the piston 12, the effect of which is to swing the upper carrier arm or lever, 8, on its pivot 9, thus causing its inner end to advance and to engage the upper neck of the roll 5, as illustrated in Figs. 2, 4, and 6, and causing the pin 13 at the juncture of the piston 12 and lever S to engage the curved end of the lower lever, 10. Then the further atlvance of the piston 12 will carry both

levers

8 and 10, with the interposed roll 5, up to the stationary roll 3, pressing the bloom between these rolls, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 6. Meanwhile the carriage 31 is caused to advance by means of the cylinder until the roll 26 comes into position beneath the annular bloom, and the roll 27, which has been ele vated by the cylinder 41, is then depressed upon the bloom by action of the cylinder 44, as before explained. The outer roll, 3, is rctated by the driven shaft 2, and as the bloom is kept pressed against this roll by the inner roll, 5, the conjoint action of the two rolls upon the bloom reduces the latter and gradually increases its annular diameter, the rolls 26 and 27 meanwhile pressing on the edges of the bloom, reducing them to proper shape and eifacing any incipient fins which may be formed on the edges by the rolls 3 and 5. The pressure of these edging-rolls upon the tire is regulated by action of the hydraulic cylinder 44, and as the tire increases in diameter the rolls 26 and 27 are correspondingly retracted by causing the cylinder 33 and piston 34 to move back the carriage 31. This retraction of the carriage is maintained until the tire has been reduced by the action of the rolls to its proper diameter and shape. As the reduction proceeds, the inner roll, 5, is continually pressed forward toward the periphery of the outer roll, 3, by the piston 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 14, which cylinder being oscillatory on its trunnions, as before explained, permits the free motion of the carrier-levers.

In order to limit the approach of the rolls 3 and 5, and thus to determine the exact thickness of the tire desired to be rolled, I employ an adjustable stop, 47, Figs. 1 and 6, swiveled at the end of a screw, 48, which is mounted within a nut, 49, set in a laterally-projecting bracket, 50, of the machine-frame. When the ti re has been rolled to its finished shape, the roll 5 is retracted from contact therewith by retracting the piston 12 of the cylinder 14, thus disengaging the arm 8 from the upper nccr of the roll 5. The arm 10 can then be drawn back by any suitable means into the posit-ion shown in Fig. 1, where its further retraction is prevented by its engagement with a stop on the machine-frame. The upper edging-roll, 27, is then elevated by means of the cylinder 41 and piston 42, thus leaving the tire free to be removed from the machine by a crane or other suitable lifting device.

I shall now describe the construction of certain auxiliary parts of the machine.

At each side of the roll 3 are two vertical guide-rolls, 51, Figs. 1 and 6, which operate on the outer periphery of the tire. These are journaled in frames 52, which are pivoted on posts 53, and are connected by rods 54 with the piston 55 of a double hydraulic cylinder, 56. This cylinder consists of two parts, 56 and 56, having a piston-head at each end, the connecting-rods 54 being connected with a cross-head which passes through lateral slots in the cylinder and through a slot in the piston, in which it is keyed. There is a waterinlet at the rear end of the double cylinder, by meansof which the piston may be pushed forwa rh so as to turn the frames 52 on their pivots 53 and to advance the guide-rolls 51 into contact with the tire-bloom, and there is a second water-inlet at the other end of the cylinder, by means of which the piston may be retracted, so as to withdraw the guiderolls from the bloom. (See Figs. 1, 3, and 6.) These guide-rolls act in the same manner and serve the same function as the similarlyplaccd guide-rolls heretofore used in tire-rolling machines. The mechanism by which they are operated is, however, new and forms part of my invention.

Another partof the apparatus which is useful in the formation of the tires consists of guiderollers 57, Figs. 1 and 4, which are journaled The details of construction of the machine will be sufficiently understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings, which, for the purpose of making my invention clear to those skilled in the art, have been drawn to a'proper scale, illustrating the proportions and arrangements of parts which I deem to be most desirable.

The construction of the frame of the ma chine is clearly illustrated in the drawings. At the front of the machine (see Fig. 2) the frame is supported by transverse beams and bolts 59 and 60, is suitably-braced and flanged to give it strength, and is providedwith pro; jecting portions or brackets for the support of the cylinders 56 and 14. The carriage 31 travels on slideways a, formed on the inner sides of horizontally and. longitudinally projecting portions of the machine-frame, Figs. 2, 4, and 7, and is held thereon by removable plates f. The slideways are faced with plates 31, which take up the frictional wear occasioned by motion of the carriage, and may be renewed when worn out. The top plate or entablature 1, Fig. 6, of the machine, which. forms a support and bearings for the upperwhich forms the bearing for the upper portion of the shaft of the vertical roll 3, rests in a seat on this top plate. (See Fig. 2.)

In Figs. 5 and 8 I illustrate a useful device for preventing the accumulation of scale on the roll 5 during the operation of setting the bloom over the roll. It consists of an internally-ribbed cap, 61, preferably of conical form, which is adapted to be set upon the neck of the roll and to be easily removed therefrom. This cap is set on the roll during the act of placing the tire, and when the tire is adjusted in proper position the cap is removed, so as to allow the end of the lever 8 to tates the setting and removing of the tire. It also enables the roll 5 to be removed with very little labor, all that is necessary being to draw back the arm 8, constituting the upper bearing of the roll, and then to lift the roll from its lower bearing and to replace it with another roll. This facility of removing and replacing the roll enables me conveniently to perform the roughing operation on the tire by means of-one set of rolls, and to replace the inner roll with another roll for the finishing operation with such rapidity that reheating of the tire is unnecessary. The advantages of the other features of the invention will be apparent in the use of the machine,'and need no detailed mention.

I do not desire to limit myself strictly to the construction of the parts which I have shown and described as being preferable in the operation of the machine, since they may be modified to suit the needs of the particular class of work to which the machine is intended to be applied. This is especially so with regard to the arrangement of the bearings of the inner roll, 5, since, instead of employing pivotally-movable carriers or bearings for the roll 5, these carriers may be arable carrier by which one neck of the inner roll is supported, a second carrier which engages the roll at the opposite end, said lastnamed carrier being retractible from the roll to permit placing and removal of, the tire, and a power-engine which moves the carriers with the roll for the purpose of reducing the tire, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a tire-rolling machine, the combinacarrier-lever, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a tire-rolling machine, the combination, with the inner and outer rolls, of a swinging carrier-lever by which one neck ofthe inner roll is supported, a second swinging carrier-lever which is adapted to engage and apply pressure to the other neck of the roll, and an oscillating hydraulic cylinder whose plunger is connected with said last-named lever, substantially as and for the purposes described,

4. In a tire-rolling machine, the combination, with the inner and outer rolls, of a swinging carrier-lever by which one neck of the inner roll is supported, a second swinging carrier-lever which is adapted to engage and apply pressure to the other neck of the roll, a hydraulic cylinder whose plunger is connected with said last-named lever, and an adjustable stop for limiting the motion of the lever, substantially as and for the purposes described.

5. In a tire-rolling machine, the combination, with the inner and outer formative rolls, of outer guide-rolls, 51, mounted 011 oscillatory or pivoted frames, and a hydraulic cylinder the plunger of which is connected with both said frames and is adapted to impart simultaneous and equal motion thereto, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The combination of the swinging carrierlevers 8 and 10, having a common axis of motion, a pin, 13, on which both said levers have a bearing, and a power-enginesuch as a hydraulic motor-which is connected with the pin between the ends of the levers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

7. The combination, with the swinging carrier-

levers

8 and 10, of the post ),which forms their center of motion, a hub or extended bearing on the lever 10, which encircles the post, and mechanism for operating said carrier-levers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. The combination of the swinging carrierlevers 8 and 10, having a common center of motion, a pin, 13, on which both said levers have a bearing, a power-engine-such as a hydraulic motorwhich is connected with the pin between the ends of the levers, and a radius-bar, 15, connecting the pin 13 with the center of motion of the levers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

9.The combination of the roll, the swinging carrier-lever 10, having a bearing in which the lower neck of the roll is removably supported, the upper carrier-lever, 8, which engages and supports the said roll laterally, a power engine-such as a hydraulic cylinder-and its plunger, and a pin by which the plunger of the said cylinder is connected with the carrier-lever 8, and which is situated relatively to the lever 10, so as to engage and move the same forward, together with the lever 8, substantially as and for the purposes described.

10. In atire-rolling machine, cdging-rolls such as the rolls 26 and 27and their shafts, in combination with oscillatory bearings which support one of said shafts at a point remote from its roll, and vertically-movable bearings which support the same adjacent to the roll, substantially as and for the purposes described.

1]. A tire-rolling machine having edgingrolls, the shaft of one of which is supported at a point remote from the roll in verticallyadjustable oscillatory bearings and has vertically-movable and oscillatory bearings adjacent to the roll, substantially as and for the purposes described.

12. A tire-rolling machine having edgingrolls, the shaft of one of which is supported at a point remote from the roll in oscillatory bearings and has verticallymovable bearings adjacent to the roll, and a motive cylinder having a plunger connected with the vertically-movable bearings by a rounded connection or joint, substantially as and for the purposes described.

13. In a tire-rolling machine, edging-rolls such as the rolls 26 and 27and their shafts, in combination with oscillatory bearings which support one'of said shafts at a point remote from its roll, vertically-movable bearings which support the same adjacent to the roll, a lever or levers connecting the said oscillatory bearings with the vertically-movable bearings, and a motive cylinder by which the lever or levers are moved to elevate the said movable bearings and the roll, substantially as and for the purposes described.

14. The hollow roll 3, one end of which is keyed to its shaft and is held by a shoulder thereon, while the other end is unrestrained and is free to expand when heated, substantially as and for the purposes described.

15. In a tire-rolling machine, the combination, with the inner forming-roll having removable bearings to permit placing of the tire-bloom, of a hood or cap adapted to beset on the roll during the placing of the said bloom to protect the journal of the roll from scale, substantially as and for the purposes described.

16. In a tire-rolling machine, a vertical forming-roll having radially and horizontally movable bearings by which it is carried and a power motor which applies pressure to move said bearings, substantially as and for the purposes described.

17. In a tire-rolling machine, an inner vertical forming-roll having bearings at both ends thereof, the bearings at the upper end being laterally removable to permit placing and withdrawal of the tire, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 24th day of October, A. D. 1888.

JULIAN KENNEDY.

Witnesses:

W. B. CoRwnN, H. L. GILL.

ICC

IIO