US403063A - newburg-h - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. NEWBURGH.

STOVE.

Patented May 7 1889..

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2;

c. NEWBURGH.

STOVE- No. 403,063. Patented May '7, 1889..

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UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES NEWBURGH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGN OR TO KATE E. NEVVBURGH.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,063, dated May '7, 1889. Application filed December 12, 1888- Serial No. 2933M. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES N EWBURGH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have. invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of a heating-stove illustrating the improvement in my invention, Fig. 2 is a perpendicular View of the upper air-heating chamber. Fig. Sis a perpendicular view of the lower airheating chamber, partially broken away.

The object of my invention is to secure the perfect or nearly perfect combustion of the gases and smoke thrown off by burning fuel, especially when soft or bituminous coal is used, by the introduction into the combustion-chamber of a stove or furnace of a supply of oxygen heated to a high temperature,

and in such a manner as to thoroughlymingle the same with the gases and smoke, thereby producing perfect or nearly perfect combustion.

It is a well-known fact that in the use of fuel, especially in the case of soft or bituminous coal, a large percentage of the heating power is lost through the improper combustion of the gases arising therefrom and by the escape of minute particles of coal. These gases being unoonsumed, pass off through the smoke pipe or flue and are lost. The intermingling of cold oxygen with these gases does not aid the combustion, but, if anything, retards it. On the other hand, if the oxygen be first heated to the same temperature as the gases evolved from the burning fuel, and is then thoroughly mixed with such gases, they become highly inflammable and are consumed before they have time to pass off into, the smoke pipe or flue, and the maximum heating-power of the fuel is thereby attained. It is evident that the introduction of heated oxygen at a point, or even several points, in the combustion-chamber will not accomplish the desired result. The gases and smoke, which are naturally massed in a volume directly over the burning fuel, the denser portion of which is located in the center of the stove or furnace, should be dispersed as nearly as possible toward the sides of the combustion-chamber, there to meet and mingle with the heated oxygen, which from the necessities of the case must be introduced into the combustion-chamber at points somewhat remote from the center. In order to heat the oxygen to the high temperature necessary to its successful use, it must be introduced through ducts into air-heating chambers located inside the combustion-chamber, Where, exposed to the heat of the burning fuel, it is rapidly and continuously heated. All this I claim to be accomplished hyinyiuvention.

In the drawings, A represents the combustion-chamber, into which rise the smoke and gases evolved from the burning fuel.

0 represents the door of the stove, through which fuel is introduced.

D represents the upper air-heating cham her, which is an inclosure, the upper portion of which in this example is flat and circular in form and the edges thereof, as at 0, forming right angles with the plane of the upper surface, while the lower portion, as at cl, is an imperforated deflector, which in this example is in the shape of an inverted cone with the sides thereof slightly concave. Around or near the edge of this air-heating chamber are perforations, as at 6, through which the heated air escapes from the interior of the air-heating chamber into the combustion-chamber. Attached to the upper edge of the air-heating chamber on one side, as at f, is a bar, the outer end of which is turned up enough to admit of fastening with bolts to the side of the stove. On the other side, as at g, is a hollow duct or fiue connecting with the interior of the air-heating chamber, 5

and which performs the double office of supporting the air-heating chamber and introducing fresh air into it.

E represents the lower air-heating chamber, which is an inclosure, and, in this example, is circular in form and rests upon the top of the fire-pot. It consist-s of a hollow chamber, the outer rim of which engages with and conforms to the shape of the interior walls of the combustion-chamber, and three of its sides are square. The side nearest the center is slightly convex, and is perforated, as at 71'. On one side of this air-heatin g cham her and attached thereto is a hollow duct or fine, as at 1', connecting with the interior of the air-heating chamber, and through which the fresh air is introduced into the air-heating chamber.

F represents a pipe, which may be of any suitable shape, attached to the back of the stove and resting against it, if possible, and extending from the point 9 down to or near the bottom of the stove. This pipe is provided with dampers as at and Z, to regulate the flow of air through it, and, connectin g with the flue or duct 1' of the lower air-heating chamber, E, and the flue or duct g of the up per air-heatingchamber, D, form continuous air-passages from near the bottom of the stove into the upper and lower air-heating cham hers. V

The upper and lower airheatin g chambers and the connecting ducts or lines may be made of any suitable substance capable of resisting heat; but I deem cast iron the most suitable. I prefer that the upper air-heatin g chamber should be located so that the lower point of the imperforated deflector will be about on a line with the top of the door 0; but it may be placed higher or lower, if preferred. I11 diameter I prefer that it should be about one-half of that of the combustionchamber and located in the center thereof.

The manner in which my improvement opcrates is substantially as follows: After the fuel in the stove is lighted and the dampers k and Z are opened, the heat and gases generated by the combustion produce a draft of cool air through the pipe 1 upward, passing through the hollow ducts or flues g and t into the two air-heating chambers D and E. The pipe F being warm from the contact with the stove, the temperature of the air pass ing through it is gradually raised as it ascends, and by the time it enters the air-heat ing chambers it is no longer cold. These chambers being directly exposed to the flames are extremely hot, and the air flowing through them is almost instantly raised to a temperature corresponding very nearly to that in the combustion-chamber. The force of the infiowing cold air through pipe F, combined with the suction from the constant passage of the hot air from the interior of the combustion-chamber into the smokepipe, causes the heated air in the air-heating chambers to flow in continuous streams through the small holes or perforations at e and h into the combustioircliamber at points where it is thoroughly mixed with the gases and smoke evolved from the burning fuel. This mixture produces a highly-inflammable gas, which, together with the minute particles of coal hereinbeforementioned, are consumed before they can escape into the smokepipe. Thus the greatest heating capacity of the fuel is obtained, and but little, if any, soot or coal escapes to clog the pipes and chimneys. The lower point of the imperforated deflector d of the upper air-heating cham ber D, projecting downward, as it does, into the center of the dense body of gases and smoke in the combustion-chamber, tends to divide them, as they rise, into a thin sheet, and when they reach a point near the top of the air-heating chamber their density is lessened, and for that reason they are more thoroughly mingled with the hot air issuing from the airheating chamber through the perforations or holes e.

In starting a fire, or when the fire low, I

close the dampers 7c and 1, cutting off the supply of air to the air-heating chambers, whereby the draft upward through the fuel is increased. By opening the damperl and closing the damper 7c the amount of oxygen introduced into the gases and smoke in the combustionchamber is reduced one-half, as the supply to the upper a'irdieating chamber D is thereby cut off. Thus the supply of oxygen to the air-heating chambers can be regulated at will by means of the dampers 7s and Z.

I am aware that ail heating chambers located in the combustion-chamber and pro-V vided with small openings for the escape of the heated air into the combnsti0n-chamber have heretofore been employed; and I do not claim such an invention broadly.

I do not intend to limit myself to the precise mechanism herein illustrated, as many changes can be readily suggested by those skilled in the art, which changes and modifications may be used without at all depart ing from the spirit and principles of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. In a stove, the perforated air-heating chamber I), suspended in the combustionchamber A, its lower or under side forming the imperforated deflector cl, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a stove, the combination of the perforated air-heating chamber D, suspended in the combustion-chamber A, its lower under side forming the imperforated deflector cl, with the barf, the hollow duct or flue g, and the pipe I substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a stove, the combination. of the perforated air-heating chamber D, suspended in the combustiomchamber A, its lower or un der side forming the imperforated deflector d, the bar f, and the hollow duct or flue g, In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature in with the air-heating chamber E, located above presence of two witnesses. or upon the upper edge of the fire-pot B, and y concentrically therewith, and having the per- CHARLES NEWBURGH' 5 forations h, the hollow duct or flue 1', and the Witnesses:

pipe F, substantially as and for the purposes THOS. S. HOPKINs, specified. S. G. HOPKINS.

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