US40242A - Improvement in grain-sieves - Google Patents

Description

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Grain Sieve.

No. 40.242= Patented Uct. 13, 1863.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. CAPELL.

Grain Sieve.

Patented OCI. 13, 1863'.

UNITED STATES PATENT EETCE.

JOHN CAPELL, OF DANSVILLE, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN-SIEVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,242, dated October' 13, 1863.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN GAPELL, of Dansville, in the county of Livingston and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Grain-Sieve; and I do hereby vdeclare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of vthis specification, in which- Figure l is a vertical transverse section through my improved sieve. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the sieve ot' Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and are modifications of the sieves of Figs. l and 2.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre- A spending parts in the several figures.

This invention relates to an improved form of sieve applicable to all kinds of separators for cleaning grain, 81e., and intended for any and all purposes where a sieve can be used.

It consists in a corrugated or waved sieve, having lines or rows of gentle curves or eleva tions and depressions formed on its surface, in contradistinction to sieves which have abrupt ridges or vertical elevations, which form partitioned channels on their surfaces, my object being to so construct a sieve that the tendency of the same, when in operation, will be to cause the wheat or other heavy m aterial to pass through the perforations, while the lighter substances, and also those longer than the perforations, pass over the sieve, and are arranged in lines parallel with the channels, and also distributed equably over the entire surface of the sieve from channel to channel, all as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use any invention,I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In order to obtain a perfect riddling and separation of grain, 85e., from extraneous matters, which are mixed with it, it is necessary that all the material be brought over the perforations through the sieve in its passage over the same, in such a condition that the heavier substances will pass through the sieve and the lighter be carried off. It is also necessary that these substances should be properly agit-ated or stirred up, in order to allow the lighter substances to rise to the top, and also to prevent the sticks, straws, oats, Ste., from clogging up the perforations and preventing the free escape of the grain therethrough.

This result has been imperfectly obtained by ribbing or forming partitions, having vertical sides, on the upper surface of the sieve, which have parallel depressions or channels Ybetween them, through which latter the perforations for the escape of the good grain are made. This kind of screen or sieve, it will be seen, has no other advantage over the flatsurfaee sieve than stiffness, as the material subjected to its action will, on falling fromthe hopper into the deep angular channels, be retained in these channels in a compacted mass until discharged at the lower end 0f the sieve. There is, therefore, little chance for the heavier grain to be discharged from the sieve through the perforations, and an imperfect separation is the result. The channels, with their perforations, become clogged up and overloaded, and the eleva. tions are so formed that however rapidly the sieve be shaken very little, if any, ofthe ma* terial will be distributed from one channel to another. The spaces between the partitions are necessarily made so wide that the oats, sticks,&c., arrange themselves crosswise of the channels, and hence clog up the channels and prevent a perfect separation of the lighter from the heavier substances. v

Instead of forming right-angular channels. or depressions and vertical partitions, which confine the substances within them, as above described, I corrugate or wave the elevated surfaces of my screen or perforated sieveplates, forming thereby a series of gentle curves or undulations, a a a a, which run in lines parallel to each other from end to end of the sieve, as shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, -in which a a represent the hills and a. a the valleys or depressions, through which latter I make the perforations b b, extending,in this instance, into theinclined sides of the hills or ridges. The impure grain or substance escaping from the hopper and falling on this form of sieve is received in the valleys a', and by means of the shaking movement, which is communicated to the sieve, the substances will be shaken from valley to valley and evenly distributed over the surface, and in this constant change of place the heavier substances will arrange themselves in the bottoms of the valleys, while the lighter substances and those which are longer than the perforations will arrange themselves in lines parallel with and crosswise upon the hills, and so pass over the perforations and down over the channels, and finally escape at the lowermost end or side of the sieve, allowing the good wheat or other substances to escape freely through the perforations in the channels.

It will be seen, by reference to the drawings, which are greatly enlarged for the purpose of showing my invention clearly, that the sticks, straws, Sac., which are longer than the perforatious b through the sieve, must arrange themselves in the channels in lines parallel with the ridges a, and in this condition slide down the sieve and be discharged from its lower side o r tail end. The ridges or hills do not obstruct thepassage ofthe substances over them. Hence the heavier substances are allowed to arrange themselves in the channels in such a condition or position as will in sure the free passage and separation of the wheat or other substances through the perfo-l rations b. The substances will be rolled from one .valley to another, and there will be no liability to clog or choke up the pert'orations, as the whole mass is kept in constant motion and transition, both laterally and longitudinally, the lighter substances during such motion rising upon the hills, leaving the heavier free to pass through the sieve.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a modification ot the screen of Figs. 1 and 2, the only change being in the form of the hills and valleys, which, in this case, are inclined planes in combination with at or slightly curved depressions or valleys. This screen, like the one above described, may have rectangular, oblong, oval, or round perforations through it for the grain or other materials to pass through, and the operation of this screen is like that above described-viz., to bring or cause the foreign l substances mixed with the wheat, and the l the corrugations are arranged in steps inclining either upward, or downward, or concave, as it may be desired. In this form ot' sieve it will be seen that the substances pass successively from step to step in their downward tendency or movement toward the discharg ing or tail end, ot' the sieve, while the good grain escapes through the perforations in the stepped surfaces, leaving the sticks, oats, rc., to roll over the ledges from step to step. This latter form ot' sieve, however, I do not claim in the present application, it forming the proper subject-matter for a separate patent.

In some instances the sieve-plates may be constructed with one halt' (more or less) ot' its waved corrug'ations running either obliquely or at right angles to those of the other. halt'.

I ain aware that a patent was granted to George Lull, April 16, 1861, for a screen for winnowing-machines, which screen is divided into channels, the bottoms ot' which channels are plane-faced, and which channels arein part formed by vertical ribs7 rising' at right angles Jfrom the said plane-faced portion ot' said screen, but this l do not claim but,

Having thus described iny invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

A grainsieve or perforated separator having a waved surface, substantially as and for the purposes herein described.

JOHN CAPELLI. \Vitnesses:

I. F. BaAY'roN,

U. R.. KERN.

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