US401452A - Fuel mixing device foe gas engines - Google Patents

Description

(,No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L.H.NASH. FUEL MIXING DEVICE FOR GAS ENGINES..

Patented Apr. 16, 1889.

N, PETERS. Pholoixllxogmyl (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L.H.NASH. FUEL MIXING DEVICE FOR GAS ENGINES. No. 401,452. Patented Apr. 16, 1889.

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LEVIS llALLOCK NASH, OF BROOKLYN, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL METER COMPANY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

FUEL-MIXING DEVICE FOR GAS-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,452, dated April 16, 1889.

Application filed October 6, 1886. Serial No, 215,417. (No model.)

To LU whom, 2lb may Concern.' will nonT describe in connection with thedraW- Be it known that l, LEWIS HALLOCK NASH, ings, in whicha citizen of the United States, residing at Figure l represents avertical section ot' an Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State engine having my mixing device; Fig. 2, an

of New York, have invented new and useful enlarged vertical section of my improved niix- 55 Improvement-s in Fuel Mixing Devices for ing device having coacting check valves;

Gas-Engines, of which the following is a speci- Fig. 3, a horizontal section on the line oc of fication. Figs. 2, 4, and 5, the mixing-valve being re- My invention relates to devices for supply moved. Fig. 4 shows a modification in which 1o ing gas-engines with a Combustible mixture the separate checkvalve is not used. Fig. 5 6o for the charge; and the object of my improveshows a modifica-tion in which the cone-seats ment is to automatically regulate the relative do not have the same taper. Fig. 6 shows a proportional supply of gas and air to the modification in which the smaller conical power-cylinder, so that the charge of combusvalveseat is above the larger valve.

tible mixture shall be of uniform quality. In The device forms an attachment for a com- 65 affecting this object a mixture of any desired pression-pump, D, of the engine, as seen in density is formed by varying the relative pro- Fig. l, the connection with the compressionportion of the gas and air. As the heat-givpump being made at A, so that the pump ing power of gas varies according to its quality, draws its charge through the mixing device,

2o the adjustment of the relative area of sepawhich connects With the gas-supply pipe at B 7o rate valve-ports to produce the best Working and has a perpetual open-air inlet at C. The mixture tor gases of different qualit-ies is an case a of the device is formed with an int-eimportant advantage in the Working oi a gasrior chamber, f, and tivo valve-ports, b and c, engine. For this purpose I use a Weighted of unequal arca, with which a conical valve check or lift valve having two separate jointof corresponding separate valve parts oper- 7 5 forming faces, operating separate ports of atcs vertically by its Weight to control the unequal capacities leading, respectively, to flow of gas through the smaller valve-seat, c, the air and gas supply passages. ln their and to control the flow of the air through the flow the gas and air in separate currents lift larger valve seat, b. In the construction 3o the valve, so that they pass through port-s of shown in Figs. l, 2, 3, e, and 5 the chamber f 8o definite capacities, and the relative quant-iis formed between the valve-seats, and the ties of each constituent are regulated by the larger of the latter is directly above the relative size of these port-s. I use a comparasmaller, the valve being central With both. tively heavy valve to cause a definite rcsist- The case a is preferably ot' circular form and ance to be offered to the iiow of the separate has a horizontal partition-plate, a', which 85 currents, so that the relative resistances to forms the bottoni of the chamber f and has a their iloiv shall be of an amount great enough central opening, c', which opens in the small atall times to control the proportional dow of upward-haring 'valve-seat c and into l said each constituent, and the valve is therefore chamber, and communicates with the gas-sup- 40 made heavy enough to make certain that ply by the horizontal passage c in said parti- 9o there shall be a certain definite resistance to tion-plate; the flow of each constituent in all cases when The chamber f is supplied with air through. the engineis working. Provision is made for as eries of openings, f", in the bottom plate, preventing leakage of gas being forced back which are made of deiinit'e size in relation to into the supply-pipes and diluting the sucthe gas-supply valve-seat opening. The up- 95 ceeding charge ot gas, so as to destroy its uniper valve-seat, l1, ilares upward and is formed form proportions. in the top oli' the chamber f, and the valve has I have shown several constructions of my conical seats corresponding with the seatimproved mining valve adapted to various openings h and o, the upper valve being 5o conditions of use with a gas-engine, which l formed by a disk, d', and the lower valve by roo a downward central cylindrical projectiomd, from said disk, forming a lifting-valve guided by a fixed central pin upon which the valve is fitted. The valve-chamber is inclosed by a cover, h, which in the construction shown in Fig. 2 carries the guide-pin for the valve d d', and has a seat, h, for a check-valve, k, operating in a suction-passage, m, of said cover, which communicates with the compressionpump of the engine. The valve 7c is guided upon a pin depending from a nut, il, which covers the suction-passage m. The checkvalve lo has a iiat seat'formed in the bottom of the suction-passage, and the latter communicates with the chamber f by the valves. The supply of gas to the chamber -fis controlled and regulated by a screw-plug, g, fitted in a screw-threaded horizontal opening` in the case, so that the inner end of said screw-plug crosses the central opening, e', below the lower valve-seat, c, and is set to open and to close said opening more or less, the adjustment of said plug being made from the outer side of the case a, as seen in Fig. 2.

The supply of air to the chamber f is controlled and regulated by a screw-cup, n, which screws into the lower open end of the case a, so as to close more or less the openings f in the bottom plate, va', of said chamber f, the inner end of said cup for this purpose being formed with an inward-projecting rim, n', wide enough to close said openings f when the cup is driven up against the said bottom plate.

The modifications shown in Figs. 4t, 5, and 6 will be explained hereinafter. y

In the voperation of the mixer the force of the suction of the compression-pump in drawing its supply through the device lifts the valves lc and d, so as to open communication of the compression-pump with the chamber f,which thereby opens communication of the gas and air passages e and f with the said pump. Now the relative quantity of gas and air that will be drawn into the chamber f will depend upon the relative size of the supplypassages e and f. To increase the supply of gas, the screw-,plug gis drawn out to increase the area of the supply-opening e', and the screw-cup n is driven in to lessen the supplyopenings f. To increase the air-supply over the gas-supply the reverse of these adj ustments is made, and these adjustments may be made separately to regulate the supply of the gas or of the air.

The double-seat Valve is made of sufficient weight to greatly overcome the pressure of the gas inthe pipe e, so that whenever the device is in action the force of the suction will be considerable, and the slight variations in the pressure of the gas-supply usual in servicepipes of cities will therefore have little effect as compared with the suction of the pump in controlling the iiow of 'the gas and air. It is therefore practically necessary only to consider the gas as having approximately the same pressure as the air, and the conditions are obtained whereby the two currents are drawn from separate supply-passages -having substantially equal pressures into a chamber in communication with the compressor. Under these conditions the ilow of each constituent will be proportional to the capacity of the supply-passages e f. When the suction of the pump stops, the double-seated valve closes by its weight, cutting off both gas i and air until the next action of the pump.

The advantage of using the supplemental check-Valve k is that it may be relied upon to make the joint in the device perfect between the pump and the gas-supply pipe e, to prevent the return of gas, whereby the doubleseated valve is only required to perform the office of mixing the gas and air, as stated. When the supplemental valve k is not used, then the prevention of the return of gases from the passage m is eected by the upper valve, d', and the lower valve, CZ, is thereby relieved of back-pressure from the pump, because this gas controlling valve operates within a chamber which is always open to the air. By this construction no leakage of gases from back-pressure can reach the gas-supply pipe, for if there should be leakage from any imperfection of the valves and their seats such leakage will flow into the chamber f and pass out into the air through the openings f in the bottom of said chamber, so that the gassupply cannot become fouled or diluted.

As the size of the openings e and f in the bottom of the chamber f control the proportional flow of the constituents, the form of the seated valve, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6,wherein` the upper and lower seats are made of different inclinations or tapers, so that the openings b and c will bear a definite proportion to each other in all positions of the valve.

In Fig. 6 the smaller valve is placed above the larger one, and the smaller valve-seathas a much sharper inclination or taper than the lower valve-seat, the inclinations being such that the areas of the openings or valve-ports will always bear a definite proportion to each other whatever be the lift of the valve, and the iiow of each `constituent will be proportional at all times. Referring to the construction shown in Fig. 6, the valves and their seats are formed with straight tapers; but when the mixing vdevice is required to furnish a mixture at various rates of flow it will be best to form the inclinations or tapers of the seats by actual test of a shape which will give the exact amount of each constituent to form the required mixture, and this may require a form of seat having an irregular outline. Generally the forms shown will give a combustible mixture of sufficiently uniform proportions for all practicable purposes.

In Fig. 5 I have shown my mixing device as constructed for use with an engine using a fuel-vapor, as set forth in patents granted to Ine December 4,1883, No. 289,093, and February 17, 1SS5,No. 3129A@ wherein a charge of air from the compressor is divided into two streams, one of which passes through a volatile liquid fuel, where it becomes saturated with fuel-vapor, and then returns and passes into the engine, together with the remaining portion of the air. When the mixing device is used in this way, its action is exactly the reverse of that before described and the mixing is effected by dividing the air-current into two definite portions, one of which is saturated with the vapor and then returns mixing with the other portions of the divided air-currents.

Then so operating, the -pipe n connects with the compressor, so that the air passes through the openings f into the chamber f, from whence a portion passes out through the port e to the pipe c, which connects with a fuel* evaporating reservoir, and, passing through the iat-ter, becomes charged with the fuel, and is caused to unite with the other portion of the air, passing out at m mixed and supplied to the engine as a complete combustible mixture. l

I have shown and described a double-seated lifting-valve known as a puppet-valve, but

I may use other forms of valves to carry ont my invention, so long as the valve has two independent seats of unequal capacity and adapted to control two separate supply-passages to open and to close them proportionally.

The engine shown in Fig. 1 is given tO illustrate the action of the pump, in which the compression is effected bythe forward stroke Ot the piston within a closure communicating with the mixing device and containing the crank-connections; but such engine forms the subject Of separate and distinct applications for patents filed by me of even date herewith.

I claim- 1. The combination, in a fuel-mixing device, of a double-seated valve and a case having correspondin g valve-seats and supply-passages, with the adjustable plug g and the adj ustable cup n, substantially as herein set forth.

2. The fuel-mixing device herein described, consisting of the case a, having a bottom plate, c', provided with the passages e, e', and f', and a central valve-seat, a chamber formed by said bottom plate and an upper valve-seat, the passage fm, and a double-seated lift-Valve operating in the passage m and in said chainber, and constructed substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEVIS IIALLOCK NASH.

W'itnesses:

A. E. H. J OHNsON, Bessin B. JOHNSON.

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