US3987369A - Direct-coupled FET amplifier - Google Patents
Direct-coupled FET amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- US3987369A US3987369A US05/579,082 US57908275A US3987369A US 3987369 A US3987369 A US 3987369A US 57908275 A US57908275 A US 57908275A US 3987369 A US3987369 A US 3987369A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/30—Single-ended push-pull [SEPP] amplifiers; Phase-splitters therefor
- H03F3/3001—Single-ended push-pull [SEPP] amplifiers; Phase-splitters therefor with field-effect transistors
- H03F3/3044—Junction FET SEPP output stages
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- the present invention is concerned with a direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier having a pre-drive stage, a drive stage and an output stage, all of which stages being direct-coupled to each other. More specifically, the present invention pertains to an OCL (output capacitorless) amplifier of the type that FET's are used as the amplifier elements and that all of these stages are directly coupled to each other.
- This amplifier of the present invention can be used widely for many purposes such as amplification of audio signals, direct current amplification and pulse amplification.
- An FET has many excellent features such as presenting a high input impedance, a low noise index, a high gm (trans-conductance) and a high frequency characteristic, and accordingly, it has a quite superior utility as an amplifier element. Moreover, the FET has another feature that it is hardly affected by ambient temperature as compared with a bipolar transistor. As such, an FET (field effect transistor) is quite advantageous when used as an amplifier element especially when it is used as a component of a direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier to which changes in bias voltage are very undesirable.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier of the type described above, which is not affected by the changes in the ambient temperature and power source voltage.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier of the type described above, which is simple in the arrangement of the biasing circuit, especially the bias circuit in the output stage and which is simple in the control of the bias voltage.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier of the type described above, which will not cause breakage of the FET's in the output stage due to the over-driving of these FET's when an excessively large input signal is applied.
- FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of the direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing another example of the direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier according to another aspect of the present invention.
- This amplifier comprises generally: a pre-drive stage which is constructed of a differential amplifier circuit formed with a p-channel FET's Q 1 and Q 2 ; a drive stage which is constructed of a differential amplifier circuit formed with n-channel FET's Q 3 and Q 4 ; and an output stage which is constructed of an SEPP (single-ended push-pull) circuit formed with n-channel power FET's Q 5 and Q 6 .
- a pre-drive stage which is constructed of a differential amplifier circuit formed with a p-channel FET's Q 1 and Q 2
- a drive stage which is constructed of a differential amplifier circuit formed with n-channel FET's Q 3 and Q 4
- an output stage which is constructed of an SEPP (single-ended push-pull) circuit formed with n-channel power FET's Q 5 and Q 6 .
- SEPP single-ended push-pull
- the source electrodes of the FET's Q 1 and Q 2 in said pre-drive stage are connected to a voltage supply source +B 1 having a positive polarity via a known common constant current circuit which is composed of a bipolar transistor Q 7 , resistors R 1 and R 2 , Zener diode ZD and a noise eraser capacitor C 1 .
- the drain electrodes of the FET's Q 1 and Q 2 are connected via drain load resistors R 3 and R 4 to a voltage supply source -B 1 having a negative polarity.
- a bias voltage which is obtained by dividing, by a variable resistor VR 1 , the voltage across the terminals of the diodes D 1 and D 2 which are connected in series, via resistors R 5 and R 6 , between the voltage supply sources +B 1 and -B 1 .
- the gate electrode of this FET Q 1 is connected to a signal input terminal T i via resistors R 8 and R 9 and a capacitor C 2 .
- the gate electrode of the FET Q 2 is connected to an output terminal T o via a feed-back circuit network which is composed of resistors R 11 and R 12 and a capacitor C 3 .
- An input resistor R 10 is connected between said input terminal T i and a ground terminal G. Between the center tap of said variable resistor VR 1 and said ground terminal G is connected a capacitor C 4 for erasing the noise generated from said diodes D 1 and D 2 and for effecting de-coupling.
- C 5 represents a capacitor for cutting off a high frequency range, whereas C 7 represents a capacitor for phase compensation.
- the gate electrodes of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 in the drive stage are direct-connected, via resistors R 13 and R 14 , respectively, to the drain electrodes of the FET's Q 1 and Q 2 in the pre-drive stage.
- the source electrodes of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 are connected to the voltage supply source -B 1 via a common constant current circuit which is composed of a bipolar transistor Q 8 , a resistor R 15 , resistors R 16 and R 17 and a variable resistor VR 2 .
- the drain electrodes of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 are connected, via drain load resistors R 18 and R 19 , to the output terminal T o and to a main power source -B 2 having a negative polarity.
- the drain electrode of the FET Q 5 in the output stage is connected to a main power source +B 2 having a positive polarity, and the source electrode of this FET Q 5 is connected to the output terminal T o via a resistor R 20 which is assigned for suppressing the flow of an excessively large current beyond a rated value.
- the drain electrode of the FET Q 6 is connected to the output terminal T o , and the source electrode of this FET Q 6 is connected to said main power source -B 2 having a negative polarity via a resistor R 21 assigned for suppressing the flow of an excessively large current beyond a rated value.
- the gate electrodes of these FET's Q 5 and Q 6 are connected directly to the drain electrodes of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 in the drive stage.
- the symbol SP represents a speaker which is connected between the output terminal T o and the ground terminal G as a load of the amplifier. Also, C 6 represents a phase compensation capacitor.
- This example intends to effect power amplification of mainly audio signals, wherein both the pre-drive stage and the drive stage are assigned to carry out A-class amplifying operation, whereas the output stage is assigned to perform AB or B-class push-pull amplifying operation.
- the input signal (audio signal) which is applied to the input terminal T i is subjected to phase-inverted amplification by both the pre-drive stage and the drive stage, and thereafter the resulting amplified signal is applied to the gate electrodes of the FET'S Q 5 and Q 6 in the output stage where this signal is amplified in push-pull mode and applied to the speaker SP.
- the potential of the output terminal T o at the mid-point potential, i.e. the ground potential, when no signal is inputted.
- the potential of the input terminal of the output stage i.e. the potential of the gate electrodes of the FET's Q 5 and Q 6
- the potential of the input terminal of the drive stage i.e. the potential of the gate electrodes of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4
- the potential of the output terminal of the pre-drive stage i.e. the potential of the drain electrodes of the FET's Q 1 and Q 2 .
- the amplifier according to the present invention provides the arrangement that both the pre-drive stage and the drive stage are used as the differential amplifier circuits composed of FET's, and that the source electrodes of the FET's in the respective differential amplifier circuits are connected, via common constant current circuits, respectively, to the voltage supply sources +B 1 and -B 1 having opposite polarities, respectively.
- the pre-drive stage and the drive stage are invariable differential amplifier circuits, there arises very little variation in the bias voltage due to the changes in the ambient temperature and to the fluctuations in the voltage of the voltage supply sources ⁇ B 1 .
- the source electrodes of the FET's of the respective differential amplifier circuits are arranged to be regulated of their current.
- the drain load resistors R 18 and R 19 of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 are connected in parallel between the gate electrodes and the source electrodes of the FET's Q 5 and Q 6 in the output stage and the voltage drop of the FET's Q 5 and Q 6 in the output stage and the voltage drop of the drain current which develops across the terminals of these resistors R 18 and R 19 is arranged to be inputted as a bias voltage to the gate electrodes of the FET's Q 5 and Q 6 .
- the differential amplifier circuits which constitute the pre-drive stage and the drive stage have the function of serving as limiter circuits.
- the FET's Q 5 and Q 6 of the output stage are over-driven and thus there is no fear that they are broken.
- the direct current component of the output voltage is arranged also to be fed back to the pre-drive stage. Therefore, this arrangement also contributes to the stabilization of the bias voltage.
- FIG. 2 shows a modified example.
- a buffer stage of a source-follower circuit which is composed on n-channel FET's Q 9 and Q 10 .
- drain load resistors R 18 and R 19 of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 in the drive stage are connected, in parallel, drain load resistors R 18 and R 19 of the FET's Q 3 and Q 4 in the drive stage.
- a constant current circuit which is composed of npn type bipolar transistors Q 11 and Q 12 , resistor R 26 and R 27 which are connected to the emitters of these bipolar transistors Q 11 and Q 12 , and a capacitor C 8 which is connected to the bases of these transistors Q 11 and Q 12 , and using the source load resistors R 22 and R 23 of the FET's Q 9 and Q 10 as the collector loads of said bipolar transistors Q 11 and Q 12 .
- the respective bases of the bipolar transistors Q 11 and Q 12 are connected to the emitter of an npn type bipolar transistor Q 13 .
- This bipolar transistor Q 13 constitutes an emitter follower circuit with a resistor R 24 , a variable resistor VR 3 and a resistor R 25 which are serially connected relative to each other and are connected to the base of the bipolar transistor Q 13 and to voltage supply sources +B 1 and -B 1 , respectively.
- a voltage obtained by dividing the voltage between the voltage supply sources +B 1 and -B 1 by a network composed of the resistors R 24 and R 25 and the variable resistor VR 3 .
- the resistance value of the variable resistor VR 3 By adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor VR 3 , the base potential of the bipolar transistor Q 13 is varied, to thereby vary the base potentials of the bipolar transistors Q 11 and Q 12 .
- the value of the current flowing through the collectors of these transistors Q 11 and Q 12 i.e. the value of current flowing through the constant current circuit is varied.
- This bias can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting the variable resistor VR 3 .
- transistors Q 11 and Q 12 Since the internal impedance of the transistors Q 11 and Q 12 is very high, it will be understood that even when these transistors Q 11 and Q 12 are connected in parallel to the gate circuits of the FET's Q 5 and Q 6 , there will hardly arise any ill effect on the signals. It will be understood also that these transistors Q 11 and Q 12 may be replaced by n-channel FET's having pentode vacuum tube characteristic having a high internal impedance.
- the output stage and the drive stage are composed of n-channel FET's
- the pre-drive stage is composed of p-channel FET's.
- these stages may be composed of p-channel FET's and n-channel FET's, respectively.
- the polarity of the power supply sources +B 1 , -B 1 , +B 2 and -B 2 have to be inverted, respectively.
- a direct current cut-off capacitor C 2 is inserted between the pre-drive stage and the input terminal T i . It should be understood, however, that in case it is intended to effect direct current amplification, it is only necessary to alter the arrangement of the bias circuit of the FET Q 1 so as to be able to omit said capacitor C 2 .
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Abstract
A direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier comprising an output stage, a drive stage and a predrive stage. The output stage is composed of an SEPP (single-ended push-pull) circuit of a plurality of FET's having a certain conductivity type channel. The drive stage is composed of a differential amplifier circuit of a plurality of FET's having a channel of a conductivity type same as that of the FET's in the output stage. The pre-drive stage is composed of another differential amplifier circuit of a plurality of FET's having a channel of a conductivity type opposite to that of the FET's in the output stage. The source electrodes of the FET's in the respective differential amplifier circuits are connected via constant current circuits, respectively, to voltage supply lines having opposite polarities.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is concerned with a direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier having a pre-drive stage, a drive stage and an output stage, all of which stages being direct-coupled to each other. More specifically, the present invention pertains to an OCL (output capacitorless) amplifier of the type that FET's are used as the amplifier elements and that all of these stages are directly coupled to each other. This amplifier of the present invention can be used widely for many purposes such as amplification of audio signals, direct current amplification and pulse amplification.
2. Brief Description of the Prior Art
An FET has many excellent features such as presenting a high input impedance, a low noise index, a high gm (trans-conductance) and a high frequency characteristic, and accordingly, it has a quite superior utility as an amplifier element. Moreover, the FET has another feature that it is hardly affected by ambient temperature as compared with a bipolar transistor. As such, an FET (field effect transistor) is quite advantageous when used as an amplifier element especially when it is used as a component of a direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier to which changes in bias voltage are very undesirable.
Especially, the recent development of power FET's (vertical type FET's) has accelerated the use of power FET's in the field of power amplifier of audio signals.
In the past, however, a direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier utilizing FET's has been constructed by following the circuit arrangement of the direct-coupled full stage amplifier utilizing bipolar transistors. Accordingly, it has not been possible to make full use of the unique features of FET's. Furthermore, according to the known art, the circuit arrangement, especially the arrangement of the biasing circuit, has been complicated, and such a circuit arrangement of the prior art has been susceptible to the effect of the ambient temperature, and what is more, the control of the bias voltage has been difficult to make. In view of these aspects, it has been extremely difficult to materialize the so-called OCL amplifier without an output capacitor, in the form of direct-coupled full stage cascaded amplifier arrangement.
It is, therefore, a principal object of the present invention to provide a direct-coupled full stage OCL cascaded amplifier which uses FET's as the amplifier elements.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier of the type described above, which is not affected by the changes in the ambient temperature and power source voltage.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier of the type described above, which is simple in the arrangement of the biasing circuit, especially the bias circuit in the output stage and which is simple in the control of the bias voltage.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier of the type described above, which will not cause breakage of the FET's in the output stage due to the over-driving of these FET's when an excessively large input signal is applied.
These as well as other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent by reading the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an example of the direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram showing another example of the direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier according to another aspect of the present invention.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown an example of the direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL amplifier arrangement according to one aspect of the present invention. This amplifier comprises generally: a pre-drive stage which is constructed of a differential amplifier circuit formed with a p-channel FET's Q1 and Q2 ; a drive stage which is constructed of a differential amplifier circuit formed with n-channel FET's Q3 and Q4 ; and an output stage which is constructed of an SEPP (single-ended push-pull) circuit formed with n-channel power FET's Q5 and Q6.
The source electrodes of the FET's Q1 and Q2 in said pre-drive stage are connected to a voltage supply source +B1 having a positive polarity via a known common constant current circuit which is composed of a bipolar transistor Q7, resistors R1 and R2, Zener diode ZD and a noise eraser capacitor C1. The drain electrodes of the FET's Q1 and Q2 are connected via drain load resistors R3 and R4 to a voltage supply source -B1 having a negative polarity. On the other hand, to the gate electrode of the FET Q1 is applied, via resistors R7 and R8, a bias voltage which is obtained by dividing, by a variable resistor VR1, the voltage across the terminals of the diodes D1 and D2 which are connected in series, via resistors R5 and R6, between the voltage supply sources +B1 and -B1. Also, the gate electrode of this FET Q1 is connected to a signal input terminal Ti via resistors R8 and R9 and a capacitor C2. The gate electrode of the FET Q2, on the other hand, is connected to an output terminal To via a feed-back circuit network which is composed of resistors R11 and R12 and a capacitor C3. An input resistor R10 is connected between said input terminal Ti and a ground terminal G. Between the center tap of said variable resistor VR1 and said ground terminal G is connected a capacitor C4 for erasing the noise generated from said diodes D1 and D2 and for effecting de-coupling. C5 represents a capacitor for cutting off a high frequency range, whereas C7 represents a capacitor for phase compensation.
The gate electrodes of the FET's Q3 and Q4 in the drive stage are direct-connected, via resistors R13 and R14, respectively, to the drain electrodes of the FET's Q1 and Q2 in the pre-drive stage. Also, the source electrodes of the FET's Q3 and Q4 are connected to the voltage supply source -B1 via a common constant current circuit which is composed of a bipolar transistor Q8, a resistor R15, resistors R16 and R17 and a variable resistor VR2. The drain electrodes of the FET's Q3 and Q4 are connected, via drain load resistors R18 and R19, to the output terminal To and to a main power source -B2 having a negative polarity.
The drain electrode of the FET Q5 in the output stage is connected to a main power source +B2 having a positive polarity, and the source electrode of this FET Q5 is connected to the output terminal To via a resistor R20 which is assigned for suppressing the flow of an excessively large current beyond a rated value. Also, the drain electrode of the FET Q6 is connected to the output terminal To, and the source electrode of this FET Q6 is connected to said main power source -B2 having a negative polarity via a resistor R21 assigned for suppressing the flow of an excessively large current beyond a rated value. The gate electrodes of these FET's Q5 and Q6, on the other hand, are connected directly to the drain electrodes of the FET's Q3 and Q4 in the drive stage.
The symbol SP represents a speaker which is connected between the output terminal To and the ground terminal G as a load of the amplifier. Also, C6 represents a phase compensation capacitor.
This example intends to effect power amplification of mainly audio signals, wherein both the pre-drive stage and the drive stage are assigned to carry out A-class amplifying operation, whereas the output stage is assigned to perform AB or B-class push-pull amplifying operation. More specifically, the input signal (audio signal) which is applied to the input terminal Ti is subjected to phase-inverted amplification by both the pre-drive stage and the drive stage, and thereafter the resulting amplified signal is applied to the gate electrodes of the FET'S Q5 and Q6 in the output stage where this signal is amplified in push-pull mode and applied to the speaker SP.
Now, in the OCL amplifier, it is necessary to keep the potential of the output terminal To at the mid-point potential, i.e. the ground potential, when no signal is inputted. Thus, the potential of the input terminal of the output stage, i.e. the potential of the gate electrodes of the FET's Q5 and Q6, will be accordingly determined. In case of a direct-coupled full stage cascaded OCL arrangement, however, the potential of the input terminal of the drive stage, i.e. the potential of the gate electrodes of the FET's Q3 and Q4, is determined by the potential of the output terminal of the pre-drive stage, i.e. the potential of the drain electrodes of the FET's Q1 and Q2. As such, there arises the tendency that the potential of the output terminal of the drive stage becomes non-conformable to the input potential of the output stage. Therefore, in the past, there has been provided, on for example the output side of the drive stage, a voltage shifting circuit such as a series circuit of diodes, so as to have the output potential of the drive stage correspond to the input potential of the output stage. Thus, the entire circuit arrangement tended to become complicated. Moreover, the stability of the bias voltage tended to become poor, and in addition the bias voltage was troublesome and difficult to adjust.
In good contrast to the prior art having the aforesaid disadvantages and inconveniences, the amplifier according to the present invention provides the arrangement that both the pre-drive stage and the drive stage are used as the differential amplifier circuits composed of FET's, and that the source electrodes of the FET's in the respective differential amplifier circuits are connected, via common constant current circuits, respectively, to the voltage supply sources +B1 and -B1 having opposite polarities, respectively. Thus, there is no need of providing any voltage shifting circuit, and it is possible to directly couple the pre-drive stage to the drive stage and to directly couple the drive stage to the output stage. Since the pre-drive stage and the drive stage are invariable differential amplifier circuits, there arises very little variation in the bias voltage due to the changes in the ambient temperature and to the fluctuations in the voltage of the voltage supply sources ±B1. In particular, in the present invention, the source electrodes of the FET's of the respective differential amplifier circuits are arranged to be regulated of their current. Thus, the aforesaid advantages of the present invention can be insured all the more positively.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the drain load resistors R18 and R19 of the FET's Q3 and Q4 are connected in parallel between the gate electrodes and the source electrodes of the FET's Q5 and Q6 in the output stage and the voltage drop of the FET's Q5 and Q6 in the output stage and the voltage drop of the drain current which develops across the terminals of these resistors R18 and R19 is arranged to be inputted as a bias voltage to the gate electrodes of the FET's Q5 and Q6. Accordingly, it will be understood that, by altering the drain current of the FET's Q3 and Q4 by adjusting the variable resistor VR2, it is possible to very easily control the respective gate bias voltages of the FET's Q5 and Q6 simultaneously while keeping a well-balanced operational condition.
On the other hand, it is commonly known that the differential amplifier circuits which constitute the pre-drive stage and the drive stage have the function of serving as limiter circuits. As such, even in case an excessively large input signal beyond a rated value is applied to the input terminal Ti, it will never happen that the FET's Q5 and Q6 of the output stage are over-driven and thus there is no fear that they are broken.
In the above-discussed example, the direct current component of the output voltage is arranged also to be fed back to the pre-drive stage. Therefore, this arrangement also contributes to the stabilization of the bias voltage.
FIG. 2 shows a modified example. In this example, there is provided, in the foreground of the output stage, a buffer stage of a source-follower circuit which is composed on n-channel FET's Q9 and Q10. Also, between the gate electrodes and the source electrodes of these FET's Q9 and Q10 are connected, in parallel, drain load resistors R18 and R19 of the FET's Q3 and Q4 in the drive stage. Furthermore, in order to impart a bias voltage to the gate electrodes of the FET's Q5 and Q6 in the output stage, there is provided a constant current circuit which is composed of npn type bipolar transistors Q11 and Q12, resistor R26 and R27 which are connected to the emitters of these bipolar transistors Q11 and Q12, and a capacitor C8 which is connected to the bases of these transistors Q11 and Q12, and using the source load resistors R22 and R23 of the FET's Q9 and Q10 as the collector loads of said bipolar transistors Q11 and Q12. The respective bases of the bipolar transistors Q11 and Q12 are connected to the emitter of an npn type bipolar transistor Q13. This bipolar transistor Q13 constitutes an emitter follower circuit with a resistor R24, a variable resistor VR3 and a resistor R25 which are serially connected relative to each other and are connected to the base of the bipolar transistor Q13 and to voltage supply sources +B1 and -B1, respectively. To the base electrode of this bipolar transistor Q13 is applied a voltage obtained by dividing the voltage between the voltage supply sources +B1 and -B1 by a network composed of the resistors R24 and R25 and the variable resistor VR3. By adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistor VR3, the base potential of the bipolar transistor Q13 is varied, to thereby vary the base potentials of the bipolar transistors Q11 and Q12. Whereby, the value of the current flowing through the collectors of these transistors Q11 and Q12, i.e. the value of current flowing through the constant current circuit is varied.
To the gate electrodes of the FET's Q5 and Q6 in the output stage is applied, as a bias, the voltage drop which develops in the resistors R22 and R23 due to the difference current between the drain currents of the FET's Q9 and Q10 and the collector currents of the transistors Q11 and Q12. This bias can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting the variable resistor VR3. On the other hand, between the gate electrodes and the source electrodes of the FET's Q9 and Q10 in the buffer stage is applied, as the bias voltage, the difference voltage between the voltage drop which is developed in the source load resistors R22 and R23 and the voltage drop developed in the drain load resistors R18 and R19 of the FET's Q3 and Q4 of the drive stage.
Since the internal impedance of the transistors Q11 and Q12 is very high, it will be understood that even when these transistors Q11 and Q12 are connected in parallel to the gate circuits of the FET's Q5 and Q6, there will hardly arise any ill effect on the signals. It will be understood also that these transistors Q11 and Q12 may be replaced by n-channel FET's having pentode vacuum tube characteristic having a high internal impedance.
Excepting the points discussed above, this second example is similar in arrangement and function to that shown in FIG. 1. Thus, like parts are indicated by like reference numerals and symbols throughout FIGS. 1 and 2.
In the examples discussed above, the output stage and the drive stage are composed of n-channel FET's, whereas the pre-drive stage is composed of p-channel FET's. It should be understood, however, that these stages may be composed of p-channel FET's and n-channel FET's, respectively. In this latter case, however, the polarity of the power supply sources +B1, -B1, +B2 and -B2 have to be inverted, respectively. In the present invention, a direct current cut-off capacitor C2 is inserted between the pre-drive stage and the input terminal Ti. It should be understood, however, that in case it is intended to effect direct current amplification, it is only necessary to alter the arrangement of the bias circuit of the FET Q1 so as to be able to omit said capacitor C2.
The present invention has been described with respect to the illustrated examples. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to these specific examples other than it is limited in the appending claims and that any wide modifications may be made as required.
Claims (8)
1. An amplifier comprising:
a first main power source of a first polarity;
a second main power source of a second polarity which is opposite to the first polarity;
an output stage constituting a single-ended push-pull circuit composed of a first and a second FET both of a first conductivity type channel, the drain of said first FET being connected to said first power source, the source of said second FET being connected to said second power source, and the source of said first FET and the drain of said second FET being connected together forming an output terminal;
a drive stage constituting a differential amplifier circuit composed of FET's having the first conductivity type channel, drain load resistors connected to the respective drains of these FET's, and a constant current circuit connected between the sources of both these FET's and a voltage supply line having said second polarity, the respective drains of these FET's being connected to the gates of said first and second FET's in said output stage; and
a pre-drive stage constituting another differential amplifier circuit composed of FET's having a second conductivity type channel which is opposite to said first conductivity type, and another constant current circuit connected between the sources of both these FET's and another voltage supply line having said first polarity, the respective drains of these FET's being connected to the gates of said FET's in said drive stage.
2. An amplifier according to claim 1, in which the drain load resistors of the FET's in said drive stage are respectively connected between the gate electrodes and the source electrodes of the FET's in said output stage.
3. An amplifier according to claim 1, in which said drive stage includes a circuitry for varying the value of the electric current flowing through said constant current circuit in said drive stage.
4. An amplifier comprising:
a pre-drive stage;
a drive stage direct-coupled to said pre-drive stage;
a buffer stage direct-coupled to said drive stage;
an output stage direct-coupled to said buffer stage;
constant current circuits;
a first power source of a first polarity; and
a second power source of a second polarity which is opposite to the first polarity,
said output stage constituting a single-ended push-pull circuit composed of a first and a second FET both of a first conductivity type channel, the drain of said first FET being connected to said first power source, the source of said second FET being connected to said second power source, and the source of said first FET and the drain of said second FET being connected together forming an output terminal,
said buffer stage constituting a source follower circuit composed of FET's both of the first conductivity type channel and source load resistor,
said drive stage constituting a differential amplifier circuit composed of FET's having the first conductivity type channel and drain load resistors,
said pre-drive stage constituting another differential amplifier circuit composed of FET's having a second conductivity type channel which is opposite to said first conductivity type,
each of said constant current circuits being respectively connected to each of said source load resistors, for causing currents opposite in direction to the source currents of said FET's of said buffer stage to flow through said source load resistors.
5. An amplifier according to claim 4, in which said constant current circuits include a circuitry for varying the values of the electric currents flowing through these constant current circuits.
6. An amplifier according to claim 4, in which the gate electrodes of the FET's in said buffer stage and, via said source load resistors, the source electrodes of these FET's are connected across said drain load resistors of the FET's in said drive stage.
7. An amplifier according to claim 4, in which the source of the FET's in said drive stage are connected, via another common constant current circuit, to a voltage supply line having said second polarity, and in which the source of the FET's in said pre-drive stage are connected, via still another common constant current circuit, to another voltage supply line having said first polarity.
8. An amplifier according to claim 7, in which said another constant current circuit of said drive stage includes a circuitry for varying the value of the electric current flowing through this constant current circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JA49-58359[U] | 1974-05-22 | ||
JA49-58358[U] | 1974-05-22 | ||
JP49058359A JPS5853302B2 (en) | 1973-05-24 | 1974-05-23 | Device for preparing blood films on microscope slides |
JP5835874A JPS50111531A (en) | 1973-05-23 | 1974-05-23 |
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US3987369A true US3987369A (en) | 1976-10-19 |
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US05/579,082 Expired - Lifetime US3987369A (en) | 1974-05-22 | 1975-05-20 | Direct-coupled FET amplifier |
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US (1) | US3987369A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4419632A (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-12-06 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Bias circuit for microwave FETs |
US4583052A (en) * | 1983-04-26 | 1986-04-15 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Amplifier having complete isolation of power sources |
DE3631099A1 (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1987-03-26 | Sgs Microelettronica Spa | CMOS OUTPUT STAGE WITH LARGE VOLTAGE STROKE AND STABILIZATION OF THE REST OF REST |
US4717885A (en) * | 1986-09-22 | 1988-01-05 | Motorola, Inc. | Operational amplifier utilizing FET followers and feed-forward capacitors |
DE3725767A1 (en) * | 1987-08-04 | 1989-03-16 | Hirschmann Radiotechnik | Switching power end stage mains adaptor - has two series FET(s), with resistor in source electrode line of at least one FET |
EP0492374A1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-07-01 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Unitary-gain final stage particularly for monolithically integratable power amplifiers |
US6160450A (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2000-12-12 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Self-biased, phantom-powered and feedback-stabilized amplifier for electret microphone |
US20070222511A1 (en) * | 2004-10-04 | 2007-09-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Auto gain controller |
US20090140811A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Oki Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Amplifying circuit |
US20100225393A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-09 | Farhood Moraveji | High bandwidth, rail-to-rail differential amplifier with intermediate stage current amplifier |
US20110025655A1 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-03 | Renesas Electronics Corporation | Operational amplifier and semiconductor device using the same |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3092783A (en) * | 1958-07-30 | 1963-06-04 | Krohn Hite Lab Inc | Power amplifier |
US3538447A (en) * | 1968-10-17 | 1970-11-03 | William Z Johnson | Multiple stage direct and cross-coupled amplifier |
US3723896A (en) * | 1970-12-28 | 1973-03-27 | D Flickinger | Amplifier system |
-
1975
- 1975-05-20 US US05/579,082 patent/US3987369A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3092783A (en) * | 1958-07-30 | 1963-06-04 | Krohn Hite Lab Inc | Power amplifier |
US3538447A (en) * | 1968-10-17 | 1970-11-03 | William Z Johnson | Multiple stage direct and cross-coupled amplifier |
US3723896A (en) * | 1970-12-28 | 1973-03-27 | D Flickinger | Amplifier system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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dahlem, "Industrial Applications of Linear ICs", The Electronic Engineer, June 1967, pp. 72-77. * |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4419632A (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-12-06 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Bias circuit for microwave FETs |
US4583052A (en) * | 1983-04-26 | 1986-04-15 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Amplifier having complete isolation of power sources |
DE3631099A1 (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1987-03-26 | Sgs Microelettronica Spa | CMOS OUTPUT STAGE WITH LARGE VOLTAGE STROKE AND STABILIZATION OF THE REST OF REST |
GB2180710A (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1987-04-01 | Sgs Microelettronica Spa | Cmos output stage with large voltage swing and with stabilization of the quiescent current |
GB2180710B (en) * | 1985-09-18 | 1989-11-08 | Sgs Microelettronica Spa | Cmos output stage with large voltage swing and with stabilization of the quiescent current |
US4717885A (en) * | 1986-09-22 | 1988-01-05 | Motorola, Inc. | Operational amplifier utilizing FET followers and feed-forward capacitors |
DE3725767A1 (en) * | 1987-08-04 | 1989-03-16 | Hirschmann Radiotechnik | Switching power end stage mains adaptor - has two series FET(s), with resistor in source electrode line of at least one FET |
US5216381A (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1993-06-01 | Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics S.R.L. | Unitary-gain final stage particularly for monolithically integratable power amplifiers |
EP0492374A1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-07-01 | STMicroelectronics S.r.l. | Unitary-gain final stage particularly for monolithically integratable power amplifiers |
US6160450A (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2000-12-12 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Self-biased, phantom-powered and feedback-stabilized amplifier for electret microphone |
US20070222511A1 (en) * | 2004-10-04 | 2007-09-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Auto gain controller |
US20090140811A1 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Oki Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Amplifying circuit |
US7724089B2 (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2010-05-25 | Oki Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | Amplifying circuit |
TWI482428B (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2015-04-21 | Lapis Semiconductor Co Ltd | amplifying circuit |
US20100225393A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-09 | Farhood Moraveji | High bandwidth, rail-to-rail differential amplifier with intermediate stage current amplifier |
US8067983B2 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2011-11-29 | Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. | High bandwidth, rail-to-rail differential amplifier with intermediate stage current amplifier |
US20110025655A1 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-03 | Renesas Electronics Corporation | Operational amplifier and semiconductor device using the same |
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