US398313A - cabtee - Google Patents

Description

(No Mndel.) u 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' E. E. CARTER.

MINING MACHINE.

N. PETERS, Phnm-Limngnpher, washington. D C

(No Model.) 5 sheets-sheen 2..

E. E. CARTER.

MINING, MACHINE.

110. 393,313. I Patented Feb. 19, 1333..

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' E. E. CARTER.

MINING MACHINE.

No. 398.313, Patentedleb. 19, 1889.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4. E. E. CARTER. MINNG- MACHINE.

N0..398,313. Patented Feb. 19,1889.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

E. E. CARTER. MINING MAG'HINB.

Pateutedeb. 19. 1889.

FIGJI. 4

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lImTED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ED\VIN E. CARTER, OF PI'lTSl-URG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO .IOIIN IULIJY, OE SAME PLACE. l

MINING-MACHINE SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,313, dated February 19, 1889.

Application filed October 26", 1888u Serial No. 289,200. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.- the feed mechanism. Figs. 8 and i) are secl-citknown thatI, EDWIN E. CARTER, a cititional views, the planes of section being at '/.en ot' the United States, residing at Pitts right angles to each other, of the gearing for burg, in the county of Allegheny and State of transmitting motion to the shaft for driving Pennsylvania, have invented or discovered the feed mechanism. Figs. 10 and 11 are sec- 55 certain new and useful Improvements in Mintional views, the planes of section being at ing-llachines, of which improvements the folright angles to each other, of the feed-can lowing is a specification. riage and its operating mechanism. Figs. 12,

The invention described herein relates to 13, and 14 are detail views of the drill bars ro certain improvements in that class or kind ofv or spindles, Figs. 13 and 14 being transverse 6o miningmachines wherein are employed a sesections on the lines t t and u o, Fig. 12. ries of rotating cutters operating in substan In the practice of my invention I provide tially the same horizontal plane, said cutters a rectangular frame consisting ot the end being movable back and forth through their pieces, 1 and 2, and the side pieces, 3, all of 15 driving mechanism for the purpose of undersaid parts being firmly secured together. The 65 cutting the coal. side pieces are formed of channel-bars ar- The invention has for its object such a conranged with their flanges 4 projecting instruction of machine of the class indicated as wardly, thereby forming guides and supports will permit of the formation of a low narrow for the spindle cross-head or carrier, as hereunder-cut and ot the arrangement oi' the inafter more fully described. 70 steadying or guide bar for thc cutters in close The cylinders 5 are secured to or formed In'oximity to the coal-breast, the clearing or integral with the frames 6,arranged longitudicleaning mechanism being' so constructed as nallyot' the main frame and secured thereon to follow the cutters in their inward moveby the side bracket-s or legs, 7, extending to 2 5 mont, and that its effectiveness .in clearing the side pieces, and the end brackets, 8, pref- 75 the under-cut of dust, the., increases in proerably formed integral with the head-piece 2 portion to the depth ol' penetration of the cutot' the frame, the rear ends of the frames o ters; and further, the invention has forits obbeing held in proper relation to each other ject snchadditional improvementsin the conby the crossbrace 9. The piston-rods 10 of 3o struction and arrangement of the operating said cylinders are connected by craiik-pins 1l 8o mechanism as will render thc same more efto disks 12 on opposite ends of the shaft 13,

fective and economical in operation. which is mounted in suitable bearings formed In general terms the invention consists in in the frames 6. the construction and combination ot mechan- On the shaft 13 are keyed the gear-\ vl1eels 3 5 ical devices or elements, all as more ii'ully 1+i, intermeshing with corresponding gears,15, 85 hereinafter described and claimed. on. what might be termed the power-distrib- In the accompanying drawings, forming uting shaft7 16, said shaft being mounted in a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a suitable bearings, 17, on the brackets 1S, plan view of my improved mining-machine. formed on or secured to the rear side of the 40 Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation of the box, forming the front piece, 2, of the main 9o same, showing the machine in operative poframe, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. sit-ion in a mine. Fig. 3 is a view showing On the shaft 16 are keyed a series ol' bevthe front end of the machine in elevation. eled gearavheels, 19, which intermesh with Fig. 4 .is a view partly in section and partly corresponding beveled gears, 20, journaled on in elevation, the section being taken on short counter-shafts 2l, mounted in bearings 95 the line a: o3, Fig. A5. Fig. 5 is a longitudion the upper ends of the brackets 18, and nal section on the line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is arms 22, formed on the front side of the box a sectional view of one form of the spine 2, forming the front of the main frame. Pindledriving gears. Fig. 7 is a sectional detail ions 23 are formed integral with the beveled 5o of a portion of the mechanism for reversing gears 2O and are adapted to intermesh with Too gear-wheels 24, journaled on short countershafts 25, mounted in suitable bearings in the front and rear sides of the box 2. These gear-wheels 24 also have pinions 25:L formed integral with them, each of the pinions 25*l being arranged to intermesh with two gearwheels, 26, mounted on the drill bars or spindles 27, which are preferably angular in crosssection and pass through a correspondinglyshaped opening in the gear-wheels 26, as shown in Fig. 4, although the gear-wheels and spindles may be connected together by a key and spline, whereby said spindles are caused to rotate with the gear-wheels. On the outer or front ends of the spindles or bars 27 are secured suitable cutters, 28, preferably of the construction described and claimed in Letters Patent No. 387,144, granted to me July 31, 1888.

In order to permit of the cutters being arranged in close proximity to each other, and at the same time to permit of the use of comparatively large gear-wheels for rotating the spindles and cutters without increasing ,the size of said cutters, the gear-wheels 26 are arranged in different vertical planes, the adjacentv gear-wheels overlapping each other, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. The spindles or bars 27 are supported near their front ends in suitable bearings formed in the front and rear sides of the box 2, and when spindles or bars having an angular cross-section are employed I provide sleeves 29, round in crosssection and having angular openings for the reception of the shafts 27, said sleeves being arranged in the bearings in the front and rear sides of the box 2.

Inorder to lessen the friction due to the longitudinal movement of the angular spindles or bars 27 through the driving-gears 26 vdurin g the cutting operation, the walls of the angular openings through said gear-wheels are formed by friction-rollers 30, arranged in suitable recesses, as shown in Fig. 6. The friction-rollers 30 are held in position by pins 81, inserted through holes through the disk 32, forming the body portion of the gear-wheel 26 prior to shrinking the toothed ring 33, forming the outer portion of such gear-wheel, upon the disk 32.

The spindles or bars 27 are made of a length proportional to the depth ofv cut desired, and at their rear ends are connected to the crosshead or carriage 34, as shown in Figs. 5 and 10, in such manner as to cause the spindles to move with the cross-head, but permitting of their free rotation. This cross-head or carriage extends across the main frame, and is provided at its ends with wheels 35, resting upon the lower flange of the side pieces, 3, and with wheels 36, bearing against the inner walls of the side pieces, said wheels serving to facilitate the movements of the cross-head. To the under side of the flanges of the side pieces, 3, are secured racks 37,with which pinions 38 engage, said pinions being keyed to or formed integral with shafts S9, which are mounted in bearings 40 on the cross-head or carriage. On the same shafts with the pinions 38 are secured gear-wheels 41, arranged to intermesh with pinions 42 on shafts 43, which are mounted -in bearings 44, and are provided with gear-wheels 45, intermeshing with pinions 46v on the Aends of the shaft 47, extending longitudinally of the cross-head or carriage and serving to transmit equal and simultaneous movements to the above described mechanisms at each end of the cross head or carriage, as shown in Fig. 1. On the shaft 47, about midway of its length,is keyed a gearwheel, 48, with which a pinion, 49, formed integral or moving with the beveled gearwheel 50, intermeshes, said beveled gear 50 and pinion 49 being mounted on a pin, 51, suitably supported by brackets 52 and 53, extending up from the cross-head or carriage, as shown in Fig. 8. The beveled gear 50 intermeshes with a correspondingly shaped gear-wheel, 54, arranged on a shaft, 55, mounted in suitablebearings, 56, formed on the front and rear end pieces of the main frame, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The beveled gear 54 is so connected by a spline and groove with the shaft 55 as to rotate therewith and to move therealong with the cross-head or carriage, with which said beveled gear is connected by a collar, 57, on its hub engaging a groove in the bracket 53, formed on or secured to the crosshead or carriage, as shown in Fig. 9.

On the shaft 55, near its rear end, is keyed a gear-wheel, 58, intermeshing with a corresponding gear-wheel, 59, keyed to the shaft 60, which is mounted at its rear end in suitable bearings, 61, on the rear end piece of the main frame and at its forward end in a bearing, 62, formed on the lower end of a lever, 63, pivotally supported on a bar, 64, secured to the engine-frames 6, as shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 7. This arrangement of the shaft permits of such lateral movement thereof by means of the lever 63 as to bring the frictionwheel 65 on the shaft 60 into operative con'- tact with the sides of either one of the disks 66 67 on the engine-shaft 13, thereby rotating the shaft in either direction, as required for the movements of the cross-head or carriage. In order to provide for variations in speed of the cross-head or carriage, the friction-wheel is so connected to the shaft 60 by a spline and groove (see Figs. 1 and 7) as to be capable of movement along said shaft, whereby it may be brought into contact with the sides of the friction-disks at different distances from their centers. This longitudinal adjustment of the friction-wheel is effected by a yoke, 68, engaging opposite sides of said wheel, the handle of said yoke extending rearwardly through the lever 63, and being provided with a series of teeth held in engagement with one side of the hole in the lever by a spring, 69.

1t frequently happens that the coal is so hard that the friction between the wheel 60 and disk 66, which is employed for feeding IOO IVIO

the cross-head or carriage forward, is not sufficient to force and hold the cutters to their work; hence a beveled gear-wheel, 70, is formed on the front end of the friction-wheel (35, said beveled gear being adapted to engage a corresponding gear-wheel, 7l, on the engine-u shaft. By the above-described construction and arrangement of feed-operating mechanism the speed of penetration of the cutters can be regulated according to the character of the coal being eut, the feed being rendered certain when the coal is hard by the engagement of the beveled gears 7 O and 71 and sufficiently slow by properly proportioning the relative diameters of said beveled gears.

The front ends of the drill-bars 27 are provided with cutter-holders 72, in which are secured the cutters 2S, as hereinbefore stated. Between the holder 72 and the front end of the main frame is arranged a spiral conveyer, 7f3, for removing the dust and dirt from the cut, said conveyer being formed of a flat strip of spring metal wound around the drill bar or spindle, the inner edges of the coils fitting the spindle or bar, but free to move along` the same. One end of the strip is secured in a slet cut in a projection or lug, 7 4, on the rear end of the holder 72, as shown in Figs. 12 and i-l, and the opposite end of said strip is secured in a slot formed in a ring, 75, loosely mounted on a collared sleeve, 7 G, arranged on the spindle or bar 27, but held as against movement with the spindle or bar by a forked keeper, 77, engaging one of the collars on said sleeve and bolted to the front end of the main frame, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

lt will be readily understood from the above that when the spindles or bars 27 are at or near the rearward limit of their movement in the frame the coils of the conveyer will be closed together, Vas shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5; but as the cutters move forward in the euttin g operation the coils will open, thereby increasing their pitch and rendering the conveyer more effective in removing the dust and dirt from the cut. It will also be understood that by the use of the extensible conveyer the gear-wheel for driving the cutter bar or spindle can be located much nearer the cutter, and at the same time permitting el' the use of a conveyer operative along the entire depth of cut, except such portions thereof as are occupied by the cutter.

lVhile operating, the machine is preferably supported by rails 7S, secured to beams 7 S), arranged transversely of the chamber, as shown in Fig. 2, and the machine is held as against rearward and upward as regards its front end movement by undercut hooks SO, secured to the under sides of the side pieces, 3, of the main frame, and adapted to engage the rail 78 under the front end of the machine, said rail being held from rearward and upward movement by the dogs 8l, engaging the floor of the chamber and the rail, and an extensible brace, S2, bearing at its ends against the dog S1 and the roof of the chamber, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In operating my improved machine the spindles or bars are retracted, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the machine is arranged in proper relation to the breast of the chamber, and its forward end secured in position by means of the undercut hooks 80, engaging the rail. 79, which is held in proper position by the dog S1 and brace S2. Steam or other suitable fluid is then admitted into the cylinders 5, thereby rotating the cutters through the system of gearing hereinbefore described, connecting the engine-shaft 12:3 with the drill bars or spindles 27. It will be observed that elements forming parts of this system of gearing from the power-distributing shaft 1G to the drill bars or spindles are so proportioned relatively to each other that there is a gradual and progressive gain of power between the shaft 1G and the drill-bars. In order to move the drill bars or spindles forward, the lever 63 is so shifted as to bring the friction-wheel G5 into iirm contact with the disk G6, thereby rotating the shaft GO, gear-wheels 59 and 5S, shaft 55, bevelgears 5i and 50, pinion eti), gear-wheel i8, and shaft i7 on thel cross-head or carriage. rlhe rotation of this shaft so operates the systems of gearing' at each end of the cross-head or carriage as to move the latter forward and with it the cutter bars or spindles 27.

It will be observed that elements of the systems' of gearing for operating the crosshead or carriage are so proportioned relatively to each other that the initial speed imparted by the disk GG is considerably reduced in transmission to the pinion 3S, engaging the rack 37, and that the power is correspondin glyincreased. Vhen, by reason of the hardness of the coal being cut, the frictional enga-gement of the wheel G5 with the disk C6 is not sufficient to feed the cross-head or earriage forward, the wheel G5 is moved along the shaft G0 until the bevel-gear 70 on said wheel engages the corresponding gear, 71, on the engine-shaft 13, thereby rendering the feed positive, and also so reducing the speed of such feed as not to force the cutters forward more rapidly than they can eut their way into the coal.

I claim herein as my invention- 1. In a minnig-machine,ithe combination of a series of revoluble cutter bars or spindles, a movable cross-head or carriage having the bars or spindles connected thereto, a system of gearing at each end of said cross-head or carriage for moving the same, a central system of gearing engaging the systems of gearing at the ends of the carriage, and a frictional gearing vfor operating the central system of gearing, substantially as set forth.

2. In a mining-machine, the combination of an angular cutter bar or spindle, a gearwheel. having an angular opening therethrough for the reception of the bar or spindle,

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and rollers interposed between the bar or spindle and the sides of the opening through the gear-wheel, substantially as set forth.

2%. In a mining-machine, the combination of a series of cutter bars or spindles, and a like series of gear-wheels for revolving such bars or spindles, said gear-wheels being arranged iu different vertical planes and overlapping one another, whereby a practically-continuous out may be formed with comparatively small cutters, substantially as set forth.

l. In a mining-machine, the combination of a revol'uble and longitudinally-movable cutter bar or spindle and an extensible conveyer arranged in the rear of the cutter, substantially as set forth.

5. In a mining-machine, the combination of a revoluble and longitudinally-movable cutter bar or spindle and a flat strip of metal wound spirally around said bar or spindle and secured only at its ends to the cuttenbar7 substantially as set forth.

G. In a mining-machine, the combination of a series of revoluble cutter bars or spindles, a cross-head or carriage for moving said bars 'friction-disks and adapted through suitable gearing to shift the cross-head or carriage forward and backward, substantially as set forth.

7. In a mining-machine, the combination of a series of revoluble cutter bars or spin dles, a cross-head or carriage for moving said bars or spindles longitudinally, rotating friction-disks, and a friction-wheel mounted on a horizontally-movable shaft and longitudinally adjustable therealong7 said shaft being arranged between thefriction-disks and adapted through suitable gearing to shift the crosshead or carriage forward or backward at different speeds in accordance with the position of the friction-wheel as regards the axis of the friction-disks, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

EDVIN E. CARTER.

IN/Titliesses:

DARWIN S. WoLcoTT, W. B. CoRwrN.

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