US3978951A - Synchronization apparatus for speed-changing gearing or transmissions, especially for vehicles - Google Patents

Synchronization apparatus for speed-changing gearing or transmissions, especially for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3978951A
US3978951A US05/580,588 US58058875A US3978951A US 3978951 A US3978951 A US 3978951A US 58058875 A US58058875 A US 58058875A US 3978951 A US3978951 A US 3978951A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
synchronization
ring
blocker
blocker body
support
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/580,588
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English (en)
Inventor
Jackie Andre De Ruyter
Jean-Claude Caveng
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7419639A external-priority patent/FR2273194A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7501852A external-priority patent/FR2297358A1/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US3978951A publication Critical patent/US3978951A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F16D2023/0637—Details relating to the hub member on which the sliding is arranged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
    • F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
    • F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
    • F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
    • F16D23/0612—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation the blocking mechanism comprising a radial pin in an axial slot with at least one branch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new and improved construction of synchronization apparatus for speed-changing gearing or transmissions --also sometimes referred to in the art as change-speed gearing--, particularly for vehicles or the like, comprising a slotted synchronization ring arranged between a claw or jaw support and a gear shift sleeve and a blocker body supported for radially outward movement at the claw support, and wherein the blocker body engages with play by means of an entrainment cam in the slot of the synchronization ring.
  • the synchronization ring during the synchronization function bears with one of its ends at the entrainment cam in the direction of the relative rotation which is to be compensated or equalized between the claw support and the gear shift sleeve.
  • Synchronization devices of this type basically operate in accordance with the principle of internal expanding jaw brakes.
  • the ring which is supported via one of its ends during the synchronization operation constitutes a brake jaw which bears from the inside against the gear shift sleeve corresponding to the brake drum.
  • the synchronization ring corresponds to a primary jaw or override jaw in that the friction related to the support brings about a radially outwardly effective moment and generally strives to open the synchronization ring, so that the same is pressed with a greater force against the gear shift sleeve than would be possible owing to its inherent elasticity.
  • the servo action of the synchronization ring is increased in that the blocker body bears against impacts or stops of the claw support which are inclined with respect to the radial direction, and thus, is pressed by means of a work surface from the inside against the end which is free during the synchronization operation, i.e. against the abutting or so-called run-on end of the synchronization ring. Even the servo action which is increased without question with this arrangement is not sufficient to prevent a premature overtraveling or overriding of the synchronization ring.
  • Another and more specific object of the present invention aims at the provision of a new and improved construction of synchronization apparatus wherein the premature overriding of the synchronization ring is practically eliminated in any event, and thus also then when the gear shift sleeve is pressed especially intensely against the synchronization ring in order to reduce the time required for synchronization.
  • the synchronization apparatus of this development is manifested by the features that the blocker body and the synchronization ring possess overtraveling coacting stops or impact members which are arranged after the entrainment cam in the direction of the relative rotation which is to be equalized or compensated and can be brought into operable engagement with one another through radial shifting of the blocker body.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially in cross-section of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 also is a perspective view, partially in cross-section, of a second exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a variant embodiment in end view, corresponding basically to the embodiment of FIG. 2, and again partially in cross-section, depicting the components during the synchronization operation;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the synchronization apparatus portrayed in FIG. 3, however after the gear shift sleeve has been brought into engagement with the claw or jaw support;
  • FIG. 5 is a further variant embodiment of the invention, illustrated in a manner corresponding to the showing of FIG. 3 and with the components in the same operating position.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated the claw or jaw support viewed from its side facing away from the gear shift sleeve which is not here illustrated, but for instance may be like the gear shift sleeve 15 shown in FIG. 3.
  • a substantially annular or ring-shaped projection 3 of the claw support 1 there are provided supporting or support surfaces (in the drawing there is only visible the support surface 2) and which support surfaces are formed by a recess of such projection 3.
  • These support surfaces 2 confront one another and in accordance with their inclined position form a radially outwardly widening intermediate space or compartment, generally indicated by reference character 2a.
  • a blocker or blocking body 4 which bears at the support surfaces 2 by means of its appropriate end support surfaces 11 (again in the drawing only one such support surface 11 is completely visible). Consequently, the one or the other end of the blocker body 4 is forced radially outwards when there occurs a relative movement in the peripheral direction between the claw support 1 and the blocker body 4.
  • the indicated mobility of the blocker body 4 is limited by its peripheral edge or marginal portion 10 which engages in an annular or ring-shaped groove 13 of the claw support or carrier 1.
  • a stepped projection or protuberance 6 which engages with play by means of an entrainment cam or dog 5 in a slot 12a of the synchronization ring 12 and by means of its portions or sections 6a which laterally merge at the entrainment cam 5--as such will be more fully explained hereinafter-- normally engage beneath the terminal sections of the synchronization ring 12.
  • the projection 6 together with its surfaces 8a which are directed in the peripheral direction towards the one and the other side, respectively, and are inclined in the direction of the entrainment cam 5, as shown, form stop or impact members 8 which cooperate with appropriately formed counter-stops or impact members 7 of the synchronization ring 12.
  • These counter-stops 7 are formed at the ends of such ring 12 by beveled or inclined portions, generally indicated by reference character 12b.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that according to the showing of FIG. 1 only in the construction of the blocker body 4.
  • generally corresponding components have been conveniently designated with the same reference characters.
  • cams or dogs 11' at both ends of the blocker body 4 which possesses the same width throughout, these cams 11' possessing the support surfaces 11.
  • the gear shift sleeve 15 which in conventional manner is held for displacement in axial direction at the sliding webs 16 of a sleeve support which is not shown in the drawing and which sliding webs engage in grooves of the gear shift sleeve.
  • the claw support has likewise not been shown in FIG. 3 in order to preserve clarity in illustration, yet it is here represented by its ring projection 3.
  • the teeth 15' of the gear shift sleeve 15, as viewed from the observer, are located behind the synchronization ring 12, so that during shifting, i.e. when the gear shift sleeve 15 is moved in the direction towards the observer, they engage at the arched or domed peripheral surface of the synchronization ring 12.
  • the synchronization ring 12 is somewhat compressed together in accordance with its outer diameter which in the relaxed condition of the inner diameter exceeds or ascends over the teeth of the gear shift sleeve.
  • this synchronization ring 12 is entrained between the gear shift sleeve and the claw support in the direction of the relative movement --here indicated by the arrow P.
  • the synchronization ring 12 bears against the entrainment cam 5 of the blocker body 4, which, in turn, bears by means or its support surface 11 at the associated support surface 2 of the claw support, and which support surface 11 constitutes the forward or front support surface with respect to the direction of rotation P.
  • the stop or impact member 8 of the blocker body 4 --and which stop or impact member 8 is located forwardly with respect to the rotational direction P-- can be brought into engagement through radial shifting or displacement with the counter stop or impact member 7 of the synchronization ring 12.
  • This can basically occur solely with the aid of the centrifugal force, namely then when the support surfaces 11 and 2 extend in radial or almost radial direction. If, however, these support surfaces are inclined (as such is the case for the embodiment shown in FIG. 1), then such support surfaces exert a repelling action upon the relevant end of the blocker or blocking body 4.
  • the blocker body 4 assumes an operative or working position which is tilted in relation to its normal position and under the action of the frictional force exerted upon the synchronization ring bears at the supporting or support surface 2 of the ring projection 3.
  • the stop or impact members 7 and 8 by virtue of their inclined configuration are constructed as overtraveling or overriding stop members i.e. these stop members can travel over one another.
  • the radially inwardly directed pressure exerted by the gear shift sleeve 15 completely about the synchronization ring 12 strives to tilt the blocker or blocking body 4 out of its illustrated working or operative position. Opposing such is the contact force or pressure between the support surfaces 11 and 2, particularly when such surfaces are directed more or less at an inclination.
  • the blocker or blocking body 4 with its entrainment cam 5 and its stop or impact means 8 functions in the manner of a locking bolt or lock which is inserted in the slot 12a of the synchronization ring, which then transforms the elastically resilient synchronization ring 12 into a rigid structure which is incapable of contracting to a smaller diameter and freeing the paths for the gear shift sleeve 15 and the teeth 15' thereof, respectively.
  • This is also then the case when the gear shift sleeve 15 is pressed with increased force against the synchronization ring 12.
  • the blocking force increases as a function of the shifting or switching force acting upon the gear shift sleeve 15. This means, however, that it is possible to generate a really great friction between the teeth of the gear shift sleeve and the synchronization ring, and thus, to bring about in a correspondingly shortened time the synchronization.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the apparatus during the synchronization work or operation.
  • the illustrated basic concept can be realized in a number of other variations.
  • the blocker body rather that the same is constructed to possess radially outwardly movable stops or impact members which then would be brought into engagement with the counter-stops of the ring, for instance by means of splines or the like provided at the ring projection 3.
  • the counter-stops of the ring it would also be possible to arrange the counter-stops of the ring to be rearwardly shifted or offset with respect to the ring ends.
  • the illustrated variant embodiments and correspondingly similar embodiments possess the advantage that they do not require any additional components.
  • the blocker body during the synchronization operation, engages in the manner of a locking bolt or lock in the slot of the synchronization ring and converts such into a rigid structure.
  • the blocker body can be forced out of the slot, so that the synchronization ring contracts together and immerses into the internal teeth of the gear shift sleeve.
  • the blocking action enables exerting an increased shifting force. This again leads to a shortening of the time needed for bringing about synchronization. There is practically eliminated a premature overtraveling or overriding of the synchronization.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
US05/580,588 1974-05-28 1975-05-27 Synchronization apparatus for speed-changing gearing or transmissions, especially for vehicles Expired - Lifetime US3978951A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR74.19639 1974-05-28
FR7419639A FR2273194A1 (en) 1974-05-28 1974-05-28 Synchronising arrgmt. for vehicle gear boxes - in which a split ring with locking block fits between a coupling sleeve and a claw ring
FR7501852A FR2297358A1 (fr) 1975-01-13 1975-01-13 Dispositif de synchroniseur a galet
FR75.1852 1975-01-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3978951A true US3978951A (en) 1976-09-07

Family

ID=26218370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/580,588 Expired - Lifetime US3978951A (en) 1974-05-28 1975-05-27 Synchronization apparatus for speed-changing gearing or transmissions, especially for vehicles

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3978951A (no)
JP (1) JPS511856A (no)
AR (1) AR202687A1 (no)
BR (1) BR7503350A (no)
CH (1) CH595568A5 (no)
DE (1) DE2522915A1 (no)
ES (1) ES437967A1 (no)
GB (1) GB1503712A (no)
IT (1) IT1038245B (no)
SE (1) SE410498B (no)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4113558A (en) * 1976-12-07 1978-09-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Nuclear fuel handling grapple carriage with self-lubricating bearing
CN103453041A (zh) * 2013-08-29 2013-12-18 无锡贺安特动力科技有限公司 无齿同步环及同步器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1013178B (de) * 1956-07-14 1957-08-01 Porsche Kg Gleichlaufeinrichtung fuer Geschwindigkeits-Wechselgetriebe, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
US2932373A (en) * 1957-07-10 1960-04-12 Porsche Kg Synchronizing mechanism for changespeed gears
FR1273347A (fr) * 1960-11-14 1961-10-06 Porsche Kg Dispositif de synchronisation pour mécanismes de changement de vitesse, en particulier pour véhicules automobiles
US3200920A (en) * 1962-02-21 1965-08-17 Porsche Kg Synchronization arrangement for change-speed transmissions
US3633716A (en) * 1969-04-16 1972-01-11 Porsche Kg Synchronous device for change-speed gears especially for motor vehicles
US3744604A (en) * 1969-12-19 1973-07-10 Porsche Kg Synchronous device for change-speed gears,especially for motor vehicles

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1013178B (de) * 1956-07-14 1957-08-01 Porsche Kg Gleichlaufeinrichtung fuer Geschwindigkeits-Wechselgetriebe, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
US2932373A (en) * 1957-07-10 1960-04-12 Porsche Kg Synchronizing mechanism for changespeed gears
FR1273347A (fr) * 1960-11-14 1961-10-06 Porsche Kg Dispositif de synchronisation pour mécanismes de changement de vitesse, en particulier pour véhicules automobiles
US3200920A (en) * 1962-02-21 1965-08-17 Porsche Kg Synchronization arrangement for change-speed transmissions
US3633716A (en) * 1969-04-16 1972-01-11 Porsche Kg Synchronous device for change-speed gears especially for motor vehicles
US3744604A (en) * 1969-12-19 1973-07-10 Porsche Kg Synchronous device for change-speed gears,especially for motor vehicles

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4113558A (en) * 1976-12-07 1978-09-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Nuclear fuel handling grapple carriage with self-lubricating bearing
CN103453041A (zh) * 2013-08-29 2013-12-18 无锡贺安特动力科技有限公司 无齿同步环及同步器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR202687A1 (es) 1975-06-30
ES437967A1 (es) 1977-01-01
SE410498B (sv) 1979-10-15
BR7503350A (pt) 1976-04-27
DE2522915A1 (de) 1975-12-18
JPS511856A (en) 1976-01-09
AU8161675A (en) 1976-12-02
CH595568A5 (no) 1978-02-15
GB1503712A (en) 1978-03-15
IT1038245B (it) 1979-11-20
SE7506056L (sv) 1975-12-01

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