US3961613A - Controlled spark-duration ignition system - Google Patents

Controlled spark-duration ignition system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3961613A
US3961613A US05/209,060 US20906071A US3961613A US 3961613 A US3961613 A US 3961613A US 20906071 A US20906071 A US 20906071A US 3961613 A US3961613 A US 3961613A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
oscillator
ignition system
spark
duration
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US05/209,060
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert E. Canup
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Texaco Inc
Original Assignee
Texaco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texaco Inc filed Critical Texaco Inc
Priority to US05/209,060 priority Critical patent/US3961613A/en
Priority to GB4731472A priority patent/GB1372956A/en
Priority to ZA727348A priority patent/ZA727348B/xx
Priority to AU47938/72A priority patent/AU469900B2/en
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7214391,A priority patent/NL168585C/xx
Priority to BR007904/72A priority patent/BR7207904D0/pt
Priority to JP47116284A priority patent/JPS4868369A/ja
Priority to CA157,608A priority patent/CA1016992A/en
Priority to SE7216064A priority patent/SE400813B/xx
Priority to IT32769/72A priority patent/IT971750B/it
Priority to FR7244164A priority patent/FR2165479A5/fr
Priority to DE19722260804 priority patent/DE2260804C3/de
Priority to CH1829772A priority patent/CH550325A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3961613A publication Critical patent/US3961613A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/01—Electric spark ignition installations without subsequent energy storage, i.e. energy supplied by an electrical oscillator

Definitions

  • This invention concerns ignition systems in general, and more specifically deals with a continuous-wave, high-frequency type ignition system that is especially applicable to internal combustion engines.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a controlled spark-duration ignition system that has provision for instantaneous starting of the spark oscillator which employs only a single transformer, as well as positive stopping thereof, for each spark interval.
  • this invention concerns a controlled spark-duration ignition system for an internal combustion engine. It comprises, in combination, a high-frequency continuous-wave oscillator including a transformer having a high-voltage output winding, and first circuit means for connecting said output winding to a sparking circuit. It also comprises an oscillator control winding on said transformer for starting and stopping oscillation, and second circuit means for applying a D.C. bias current to said control winding when said oscillator is not oscillating. It also comprises means controlled by said engine crank angle for cutting off said D.C. bias current at the beginning of each spark-duration interval, and third circuit means connected to said control winding for stopping said oscillator at the end of each said spark-duration interval.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a complete system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are circuit diagrams illustrating different types of oscillator as used with a system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated an ignition system that employs an oscillator circuit 11 which is substantially the same as that shown and described in my earlier application mentioned above.
  • This oscillator when it is oscillating, generates a high-voltage continuous-wave spark signal in an output winding 12 which is located on a transformer 14.
  • Winding 12 is connected to ground at one end, as shown. It has the other end connected to the distributor cap of an engine via a connector 13, as is indicated by the caption "TO DIS.CAP" .
  • the winding 17 has one end connected to a battery 18 via a circuit that includes a connector 21 which leads from the upper end (as illustrated in FIG. 1) of the winding 17. This connection may be traced from the connector 21 via a diode 22, a resistor 23, another connector 26, and another resistor 27 to a fuse 28. Fuse 28 is in series with another connector 29 which leads to the appropriate terminals of an ignition switch 30.
  • the ignition switch 30 is closed, i.e. switched to either start or operating position (as per the captions)
  • the battery 18 is connected to the connector 29 via another connector 33 and a switch-blade bridging connection 34.
  • the other end of the control winding 17 is connected to a diagonal point 37 of a diode bridge 38, via a connector 39.
  • the bridge 38 has four diodes 42, 43, 44 and 45, as shown.
  • a point 49 of the bridge 38 is connected by a connector 50 to a Zener diode 53, the other side of which is connected to the above-mentioned connector 21 via another connector 54.
  • a fourth diagonal point 58 of the bridge 38 is connected via a connector 59 to the collector electrode of a transistor 62.
  • the emitter electrode of the transistor 62 is connected to ground, as shown, while the base electrode of the transistor is connected via a connector 65 to a control circuit (not shown).
  • the control circuit determines the conduction, or nonconduction, of the transistor 62.
  • the control signal for making transistor 62 conducting or nonconducting is derived from a so-called breakerless engine-controlled circuit. This might take various forms so long as it is controlled by the engine crank angle, in order to properly time the spark signals with engine operation.
  • the control winding 17 has a dual function. First, it acts to provide instantaneous starting of the oscillator 11 at the proper time related to engine operation. This function is accomplished by having a D.C. bias current flow in the winding when the oscillator is not oscillating, i.e., between spark-duration signals. Then, at the beginning of a spark interval, it is the decaying field created by the cutting-off of the D.C.-current flow that provides a positive and instantaneous starting action of the oscillator 11. Second, the other function of the winding 17 concerns stopping the oscillator, and it will be described more fully below.
  • the D.C. bias current flow through the winding 17 is controlled by the transistor 62. It is conducting at that time.
  • the path of flow of such D.C. current may be traced from the positive terminal of battery 18 via the ignition switch 30, over conductor 29, fuse 28, resistor 27, conductor 26, resistor 23, diode 22 and conductor 21 to one side of the winding 17. Then the path continues from the other side of the winding 17 via conductor 39 and diode 45, through conductor 59 to the collector electrode of transistor 52.
  • the path is completed through the conducting transistor from its collector electrode to the emitter electrode, and then on to a ground connection 68 from which the circuit is completed back to the negative terminal of the battery 18 via another ground connection 69, as shown.
  • the engine-controlled circuit (not shown) provides an engine-timed signal over the conductor 65, it stops conduction of transistor 62. Consequently, the D.C. bias current flow is cut off, and this causes the above described flux decay in the core of the transformer so as to start the oscillator 11.
  • the oscillator 11 When the oscillator 11 is oscillating, it produces a high-frequency continuous-wave output voltage in the winding 12 of the transformer, and this is connected to the proper spark plug of the engine via the distributor, as indicated by the caption adjacent to connector 13.
  • the oscillator 11 is shut down. This is accomplished by means of the control winding 17 which is designed to reduce the regenerative action of the oscillator sufficiently to stop the oscillation. This occurs when the winding 17 is effectively short-circuited so that it will carry a high induced current, and so overload the oscillator. While, to a certain extent, this action has been described in some of my earlier applications, it has been there employed in a circuit such that the A.C.-induced voltage in the winding 17 was short-circuited only on alternate half-cycles. That was because of the requirement for providing the D.C. bias current in the winding 17.
  • the stopping circuit provides for a short-circuit path that is effective on both half-cycles of the A.C. voltage which is induced in the winding 17.
  • A.C. short-circuit path involves the diode bridge 38 and the Zener diode 53, as will now be described.
  • the transistor 62 When the transistor 62 is made conducting (at the end of a sparking interval), it provides a path for the D.C. bias current flow (as described above) and, at the same time, completes an A.C. short-circuit path.
  • the latter is effective on both half-cycles by reason of the fact that the Zener diode 53 becomes fully conducting as soon as the voltage applied to it exceeds the rating thereof.
  • the induced voltage in winding 17 is of a sufficient amplitude to greatly exceed Zener diode breakdown, and when it avalanches, there is a short-circuit path for the A.C. current to flow.
  • the short-circuit path for the A.C.-current flow through winding 17 only exists when transistor 62 is conducting. It may be traced as follows: first, for the current flowing in a downward direction in the winding 17; it flows through conductor 39 via diode 45 to point 58 on the diode bridge 38; then via conductor 59 to the collector electrode of transistor 62; then via the emitter electrode of transistor 63 to the ground connection 68; then through ground connection 72 to point 48 on the diode bridge 38; from there via diode 43 to point 49 of the bridge 38; and on via connector 50 to one side of the Zener diode 53; finally, over the Zener diode 53 and via the connectors 54 and 21 to the other end of the winding 17.
  • the reverse flow of the A.C. current may be traced as follows: upward from the top of the winding 17; via connectors 21 and 54; through the Zener diode 53 (which has avalanched); over the connector 50; to the point 49; it continues via the diode 44; to the point 58; over the connector 59; to the transistor 62 (collector-emitter path); via the ground connection 68; the other ground connection 72; to the point 48 of the diode bridge 38; via the diode 42; to the point 37; and back to the other end of the winding 17 over connector 39.
  • A.C. short-circuit path is isolated from the D.C. circuit for the battery 18 by means of the diode 22. This avoids undesired current flow through the battery circuit.
  • the A.C. short-circuit arrangement permits a positive-action stopping of the oscillator at the end of each sparking interval. Otherwise, there sometimes has been a continuation of half-cycling oscillations in spite of a short-circuit path for one direction of A.C.-current flow.
  • other arrangements might be employed for obtaining the desired full-wave short-circuit path so long as it makes provision for permitting the D.C. bias current to flow after the oscillator has been stopped.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 there are shown a number of different modifications as to the particular inverter or oscillator circuit that is employed.
  • the invention is applicable to inverters generally and, as mentioned above, it is particularly beneficial where the type of inverter used employs only a single transformer.
  • FIG. 2 it will be observed that there is an oscillator 80 that feeds an output winding 81 of a transformer 82.
  • the output signal is fed to the spark plugs of an engine, as is indicated by the caption HIGH VOLTAGE TO DISTRIBUTOR opposite the output lead from winding 81.
  • the oscillator 80 employs a complementary pair of transistors 85 and 86 of which transistor 85 is an N-P-N type while transistor 86 is a P-N-P type. These are connected in a known manner with a pair of windings 89 and 90, respectively, so that the desired oscillation will take place as driven by the D.C. voltage from a battery, or other D.C. source, 91.
  • the battery 91 has a center tap grounded to complete the circuits with the windings 89 and 90.
  • the oscillator 80 per se, is known and has been described in a publication by RCA entitled “Power Transistors” , Technical Series PM-81, at page 76.
  • the oscillator 80 has an additional winding 94 that is a control winding. It acts in a similar manner as does the winding 17 that was described above in connection with FIG. 1.
  • This winding 94 is connected to one end of the battery 91 through a resistor 95.
  • the other end of the winding is connected to ignition breaker points, or a breakerless switching element. In either case it controls the flow of D.C. bias current, as explained above.
  • a diode 98 that acts as the A.C. short-circuit path for stopping the oscillator at the end of each spark-duration interval.
  • the system may employ a full-wave A.C.
  • FIG. 2 modification (as well as FIGS. 3-5) will be described without the more complicated oscillation-stopping arrangement even though it will be understood that the latter may be preferred.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another oscillator circuit 100 that is a variation of the oscillator 80 shown in FIG. 2.
  • Oscillator 100 employs a complementary pair of transistors 101 and 102 which are N-P-N and P-N-P type transistors, respectively.
  • This circuit also employs a single transformer 105. It has an output winding 106 as well as two oscillator windings 107 and 108, the latter being center-tapped.
  • There is a battery 111 that has the positive terminal thereof connected to a center tap 109 on the winding 108. The negative terminal is grounded.
  • FIG. 3 oscillator is a variation of the known type of converter shown in FIG. 2, so that the details of the operation are unnecessary.
  • a control winding 110 As explained before, it carries a D.C. bias current during the off-times of the sparking-signal oscillations, and such D.C. current is supplied from the battery 111 that also provides the driving voltage for oscillator 100.
  • a diode 112 that provides the A.C short-circuit path to stop the oscillator.
  • the oscillators per se, are known circuits and individual ones have advantages and disadvantages.
  • the oscillators employed in the modifications of FIGS. 2-5 are illustrated or suggested in technical publications concerning transistors, e.g. the RCA publication mentioned above, pages 72-76.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates another inverter, or oscillator 115.
  • This is a so-called bridge type of inverter, and it makes use of two complementary pairs of transistors 118, 119 and 121, 122. These are connected together to form a bridge configuration in conjunction with a pair of windings 125 and 126 on a transformer 127. In this case, there is an output winding 128 to feed the sparking signal to the engine, as indicated.
  • a control winding 130 on the transformer 127 This control winding 130 acts in the same manner as the respective windings 94 and 110 of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates one additional oscillator that may be employed with this invention. However, it makes use of additional transformer windings.
  • an oscillator 134 that employs four transistors 135 through 138 which, in this instance, are all N-P-N-type transistors.
  • the arrangement includes two center-tapped windings 141 and 142, plus another winding 143. These windings are interconnected, as shown, to make up the oscillator 134, which is driven by a battery 145.
  • This ignition system is completed in the same manner as the other modifications, by having an output winding 146 on a transformer 147 in addition to a control winding 148 with its interconnection to the spark-timer, as described above, for determining the time and duration of the spark signals.
  • this invention provides for a controlled spark-duration ignition system, and this makes possible an ignition spark signal that may be designed for maximum efficiency with respect to internal combustion engines. While various attempts have been made to employ continuous-wave, high-frequency energy, these have lacked an important feature of this invention which concerns the ability to provide instantaneous starting of the oscillator, with positive stopping at the end of each spark-duration interval.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US05/209,060 1971-12-17 1971-12-17 Controlled spark-duration ignition system Expired - Lifetime US3961613A (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/209,060 US3961613A (en) 1971-12-17 1971-12-17 Controlled spark-duration ignition system
GB4731472A GB1372956A (en) 1971-12-17 1972-10-13 Controlled spar-duration ignition system
ZA727348A ZA727348B (en) 1971-12-17 1972-10-16 Controlled spark-duration ignition
AU47938/72A AU469900B2 (en) 1971-12-17 1972-10-19 Controlled spark-duration ignition system
NLAANVRAGE7214391,A NL168585C (nl) 1971-12-17 1972-10-25 Ontstekingsinrichting voor een interne verbrandingsmotor met een hoog-frequente oscillator.
BR007904/72A BR7207904D0 (pt) 1971-12-17 1972-11-10 Sistema de ignicao com duracao de centelha controlada para um motor de combustao interna
JP47116284A JPS4868369A (it) 1971-12-17 1972-11-21
CA157,608A CA1016992A (en) 1971-12-17 1972-11-27 Controlled spark-duration system
SE7216064A SE400813B (sv) 1971-12-17 1972-12-08 Tendsystem med styrd gnistvaraktighet for en forbrenningsmotor
IT32769/72A IT971750B (it) 1971-12-17 1972-12-12 Circuito di accensione partico larmente per motori a combustio ne interna
FR7244164A FR2165479A5 (it) 1971-12-17 1972-12-12
DE19722260804 DE2260804C3 (de) 1971-12-17 1972-12-13 Zündanordnung mit ungedämpften Hochfrequenzwellen für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Steuerung der Funkendauer
CH1829772A CH550325A (de) 1971-12-17 1972-12-15 Zuendanordnung fuer einen verbrennungsmotor mit steuerung der funkendauer.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/209,060 US3961613A (en) 1971-12-17 1971-12-17 Controlled spark-duration ignition system

Publications (1)

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US3961613A true US3961613A (en) 1976-06-08

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US05/209,060 Expired - Lifetime US3961613A (en) 1971-12-17 1971-12-17 Controlled spark-duration ignition system

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US (1) US3961613A (it)
JP (1) JPS4868369A (it)
AU (1) AU469900B2 (it)
BR (1) BR7207904D0 (it)
CA (1) CA1016992A (it)
CH (1) CH550325A (it)
FR (1) FR2165479A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1372956A (it)
IT (1) IT971750B (it)
NL (1) NL168585C (it)
SE (1) SE400813B (it)
ZA (1) ZA727348B (it)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095564A (en) * 1975-11-05 1978-06-20 Hochstein Peter A Method and apparatus for igniting air-fuel mixture in an engine
US4214566A (en) * 1977-09-14 1980-07-29 Kokusan Denki Co., Ltd. Ignition system for an internal combustion engine
US4320735A (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-03-23 Texaco, Inc. High-frequency continuous-wave ignition system
US4349008A (en) * 1979-11-09 1982-09-14 Wainwright Basil E Apparatus for producing spark ignition of an internal combustion engine
US4409952A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-10-18 Texaco Inc. Engine timed ignition system with improvement
US4516557A (en) * 1981-08-10 1985-05-14 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition apparatus for internal combustion engine
US4733646A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-03-29 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Automotive ignition systems
US5065073A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-11-12 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5148084A (en) * 1988-11-15 1992-09-15 Unison Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5245252A (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-09-14 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5473502A (en) * 1992-09-22 1995-12-05 Simmonds Precision Engine Systems Exciter with an output current multiplier
US5754011A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-05-19 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like
US20050243481A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Williams David A Primary side turn-off of self-driven synchronous rectifiers

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2976461A (en) * 1959-02-06 1961-03-21 Globe Union Inc Oscillator ignition system
US3407795A (en) * 1966-06-02 1968-10-29 Texaco Inc Ignition system for internal combustion engines
US3531738A (en) * 1968-04-24 1970-09-29 Bendix Corp Continuous duty ignition system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2976461A (en) * 1959-02-06 1961-03-21 Globe Union Inc Oscillator ignition system
US3407795A (en) * 1966-06-02 1968-10-29 Texaco Inc Ignition system for internal combustion engines
US3531738A (en) * 1968-04-24 1970-09-29 Bendix Corp Continuous duty ignition system

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095564A (en) * 1975-11-05 1978-06-20 Hochstein Peter A Method and apparatus for igniting air-fuel mixture in an engine
US4214566A (en) * 1977-09-14 1980-07-29 Kokusan Denki Co., Ltd. Ignition system for an internal combustion engine
US4349008A (en) * 1979-11-09 1982-09-14 Wainwright Basil E Apparatus for producing spark ignition of an internal combustion engine
US4320735A (en) * 1980-05-23 1982-03-23 Texaco, Inc. High-frequency continuous-wave ignition system
US4516557A (en) * 1981-08-10 1985-05-14 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition apparatus for internal combustion engine
US4409952A (en) * 1981-09-08 1983-10-18 Texaco Inc. Engine timed ignition system with improvement
US4733646A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-03-29 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Automotive ignition systems
US5399942A (en) * 1988-11-15 1995-03-21 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5148084A (en) * 1988-11-15 1992-09-15 Unison Industries, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5245252A (en) * 1988-11-15 1993-09-14 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5065073A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-11-12 Frus John R Apparatus and method for providing ignition to a turbine engine
US5561350A (en) * 1988-11-15 1996-10-01 Unison Industries Ignition System for a turbine engine
US5473502A (en) * 1992-09-22 1995-12-05 Simmonds Precision Engine Systems Exciter with an output current multiplier
US6034483A (en) * 1995-07-14 2000-03-07 Unison Industries, Inc. Method for generating and controlling spark plume characteristics
US5754011A (en) * 1995-07-14 1998-05-19 Unison Industries Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like
US6353293B1 (en) 1995-07-14 2002-03-05 Unison Industries Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like
US20020101188A1 (en) * 1995-07-14 2002-08-01 Unison Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ingnition system or the like
US7095181B2 (en) 1995-07-14 2006-08-22 Unsion Industries Method and apparatus for controllably generating sparks in an ignition system or the like
US20050243481A1 (en) * 2004-04-30 2005-11-03 Williams David A Primary side turn-off of self-driven synchronous rectifiers
US7203041B2 (en) * 2004-04-30 2007-04-10 Power-One, Inc Primary side turn-off of self-driven synchronous rectifiers
US7333350B2 (en) 2004-04-30 2008-02-19 Power One, Inc. Self driven synchronous rectifier shutdown circuit and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL168585B (nl) 1981-11-16
DE2260804B2 (de) 1976-11-18
CH550325A (de) 1974-06-14
AU4793872A (en) 1974-04-26
BR7207904D0 (pt) 1973-08-30
NL7214391A (it) 1973-06-19
DE2260804A1 (de) 1973-06-20
FR2165479A5 (it) 1973-08-03
ZA727348B (en) 1973-10-31
NL168585C (nl) 1982-04-16
JPS4868369A (it) 1973-09-18
SE400813B (sv) 1978-04-10
IT971750B (it) 1974-05-10
AU469900B2 (en) 1976-02-26
GB1372956A (en) 1974-11-06
CA1016992A (en) 1977-09-06

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