US396158A - Process of retting flax - Google Patents
Process of retting flax Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US396158A US396158A US396158DA US396158A US 396158 A US396158 A US 396158A US 396158D A US396158D A US 396158DA US 396158 A US396158 A US 396158A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- flax
- pressure
- retting
- treated
- retting flax
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 title description 24
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 title description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/02—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
Definitions
- My invention relates to a process of treating flax, termed retting or rotting, which is done to separate the fiber of flax from the shive or core; and the object and purpose of my invention are to hasten the operation of the rotting or rotting processby a series of connected steps or treatment, which is by my process accomplished in the followin manner:
- the flax After the flax has been pulled and the balls removed, it is placed in a tight receiver or vessel, where it may be agitated, if desired, but where it will be subjected to the action of hot water undera pressure of from twenty to sixty pounds to the inch, and so remain for a period of about an hour, for the purpose of making soluble the gummy and starchy elements of the material and for expanding the stalk and woody parts of the material.
- the water and pressure are removed and the material in the receiver is treated with cold air for about an hour, or time enough to cool it, this cooling having the effect to separate the fibrous cuticle from the woody stalk part.
- the material After being thus cooled, the material is treated in the re ceiver with a steam-pressure of from thirty to sixty pounds to the inch for about an hourto expand the cellulose. of the bark or cuticle, which by the preceding steps has been caused to cleave from the woody stalk parts of the material. After being thus treated under steam-pressure for the time before stated, the material is then treated with cold water to remove the gummy, starchy, and earthy elements made soluble by the process steps before named. After being thus treated, the fibrous cuticle is free from the Woody stalk center of the flax, and also free from gummy and starchy elements and in good condition for homeling.
- the second treatment used in sequence to the former serves to still further divide up the cellulose and removes the soluble material adhering to the fiber after the condensation following the first treatment.
- ⁇ Vhile I have described my improved process as applicable to flax, it maybe also used to treat jute, hemp, and other forms of vegetable cellulose, using less time for treatment and less pressure than that before named where the size of the stalks is small, but increasing the time and pressure from that before named where the size of the stalks is larger.
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Description
NITED STATES ATEENT FFICE.
EDVIN A. IIARTSHORN, OF TROY, NElV YORK.
PROCESS OF RETTING FLAX.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 396,158, dated January 15, 1889.
' Application filed November 1, 1887. Serial No. 254,006. (Specimens) To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, EDWIN A. HARTSHORN, of the city of Troy, county of Rensselaer, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Process of Retting Flax, of which the following is a specification.
My invention relates to a process of treating flax, termed retting or rotting, which is done to separate the fiber of flax from the shive or core; and the object and purpose of my invention are to hasten the operation of the rotting or rotting processby a series of connected steps or treatment, which is by my process accomplished in the followin manner:
After the flax has been pulled and the balls removed, it is placed in a tight receiver or vessel, where it may be agitated, if desired, but where it will be subjected to the action of hot water undera pressure of from twenty to sixty pounds to the inch, and so remain for a period of about an hour, for the purpose of making soluble the gummy and starchy elements of the material and for expanding the stalk and woody parts of the material. After being thus treated, as stated, the water and pressure are removed and the material in the receiver is treated with cold air for about an hour, or time enough to cool it, this cooling having the effect to separate the fibrous cuticle from the woody stalk part. After being thus cooled, the material is treated in the re ceiver with a steam-pressure of from thirty to sixty pounds to the inch for about an hourto expand the cellulose. of the bark or cuticle, which by the preceding steps has been caused to cleave from the woody stalk parts of the material. After being thus treated under steam-pressure for the time before stated, the material is then treated with cold water to remove the gummy, starchy, and earthy elements made soluble by the process steps before named. After being thus treated, the fibrous cuticle is free from the Woody stalk center of the flax, and also free from gummy and starchy elements and in good condition for heckling. The second treatment used in sequence to the former serves to still further divide up the cellulose and removes the soluble material adhering to the fiber after the condensation following the first treatment.
\Vhile I have described my improved process as applicable to flax, it maybe also used to treat jute, hemp, and other forms of vegetable cellulose, using less time for treatment and less pressure than that before named where the size of the stalks is small, but increasing the time and pressure from that before named where the size of the stalks is larger.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s
The process hereinbefore described of retting flax, consisting of subjecting the flax to the action of hot water within a closed vessel under a pressure of from twenty to sixty pounds to the inch for about an hour, and then immediately thereafter treating it with cold air until cool, and then in sequence subjecting the flax to the action of steam in a closed vessel undera pressure of from thirty to sixty pounds to the inch for about an hour, and immediately thereafter and in sequence treating the flax with cold water, as herein set forth.
Signed at Troy, New York, this 17th day of October, 1887, and in the presence of the two witnesses whose names are hereto wnitten.
EDXVIN A. HARTSHORN.
Vitnesses:
(HARLEs S. BRINTNALL, W. E. HAGAN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US396158A true US396158A (en) | 1889-01-15 |
Family
ID=2465128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US396158D Expired - Lifetime US396158A (en) | Process of retting flax |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US396158A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100380048C (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2008-04-09 | 弗兰克林·斯科特 | Biomass burner |
-
0
- US US396158D patent/US396158A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100380048C (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2008-04-09 | 弗兰克林·斯科特 | Biomass burner |
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