US395505A - Apparatus for concentrating acids - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

1 E. 0. NATION.

APPARATUS FOR GONCENTRATING AGIDS.

No. 395,505. Patented Jaan.` 1, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT (Eritrea EDMIIND (I. NATION, OF PASSAIC, ASSIGNOR TO IVILLIAM M. JOHNSON, OF

I-IACKENSACK, NEW' JERSIY.

PPARTUS FOR CONCENTRATING ACIDS.

SPECIFICATION for-min; part of Letters Patent No. 395,505, dated January 1, 1889.

Application filed October 25, 1888. Serial No. 289,102. (No model.)

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Be it known that I, EDMUND Ci. NAT'JJON, of Passaic, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus for Concentiating Acids, of

which the following is a specification.

In the concentration of sulphuric acid it is usual to employ an apparatus composed of platinum. These stills are very expensive,

and it is found in practice that when such stills are used for the concentration of sulphuric acid rang'ing1 from eig'hty per cent. to ninety-eight per cent. the still is rapidly destroyed, involving` considerable loss. I find in practice that a cast iron or steel apparatus constructed in the manner hereinafter described is not injured by highly-concentrated sulphuric acid, because there is not sufficient water present to cause such acid to attack tzo the iron, especially when such iron is in a heated condition, and I construct the appa- .ratus 01' still in such a manncr that the sulphuric acid or oil of vitriol of commerce can be supplied continuously at one end of the still, and such eoncentrated acid is not injured by the presence of the iron, and the cast iron or steel still is very durable, especially when used in the manner hereiuafter described.

3a In the drawings, Figure l is a cross-section of the still at the line z: Fig'. 2. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the still and section of the furnace for heating the same, and Fir. 3 is a sectional plan at the line y y.

The still is coinposed of two or more tubes, A. I prefer and use three. These are side by side and cast in one, and there is also a hollow chamher, C, across the middle portions of the tuhes A and rising' above them,

40 and within this chamber are the partitions I-I, that rise up ncarly to the top of the chamher, leaving, however, sufficient space for the passage of the vapors, and there are opening's in the tops of the respective tubes A A at G for the free escape of the vapors from the said stills, and there is at the. top of the chan'iber C a connection for the pipe D, through which the escaping gases or vapors are led to a suitable coinle-nser, and in the partitions between the respective tubes A are openings K at opposite ends of the still, and the acid to be concentrated is supplied at the pipe L, and the concentrated acid is run off by the pipe M to a-suitable vessel in which it is cooled. The still A, partirions H, and chamber C are all one casting, and for sulphuric acid it is preferable to employ iron or steel, and the stills are placed upon suitable brick-woi k with the fire-Chamber B beneath them, and I prefer to cover the stills with sand or similar material, which extends up aroundthe chamber (i, so that this chamber becomes highly heated, and there is but little loss of heat by radiation, for in practice I find that the sulphuric acid and the vapors therefrom do not attack the iron when in a heated condition as much as they do when the iron is not heated. It will now be understood that the vapors and `g'ases from the acid within the respective still-tubes pass off by the openings G into the chamber (I, and the acid remains at the same level in the respective still-tubes in consequence of the openings at K; but there is a gradual fiow of acid from the inlet L through 7 5 the respective still-tubes to the deliverypipe M, and the acid becomes stronger as it passes along` through these still-tubes, and the partitions H prevent the acid foaming over from one still-tube into the other, thereby insuring a gradual concentration of the acid without the weaker portion of the acid commingling` with the more highly-concentrated acid.

I claim as my inventionm tions between them with openings at K, and I the chamber O above the openings Gin the tubes A, and the partt'ons H, 1'sng within the top of the Chamber O, Substantially as Set the Chamber O, these parts being' of iron 01' forth. steel and eastin one, and an nlet-pipe, L, at Sgned by me this d day of October, 1888. Io

one end of one still'tube, and the Outlet-pipe EDMUN I) (*f. NATION. M, for the dischm'g'e of the eoncentl'ated acid, Witnesses:

and a Dipe, D, for earryifng' away the Vapors GEO. T. PINCKNEY,

from the Still, the Same being connected to 'ILLIAM G. MOTT.

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