US4352A - Improvement in evaporating-pans - Google Patents

Description

yMAPI-IS' & CDX.

' Evaporati'ng Pan. y No. 4,352. l Patented 1any-7, 41846.v

NWS

N. PETERS mwwnognpw, wningm. nA c.

UNTTED STATES PATENT ONICE..

J. J. MAPES AND W. A. COX, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT 'IN vEVAPORATiNG-PNS.

Speclfat'ion forming part ot' Letters Pat-ent No. 4,352, dated January 7, 1846.

vTo all whom, it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, JAMEs J. MAPEs and WILLIAM A. Cox, of the city ot' ANew York, in the State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for Heating. Evaporating, and Ooncentrating Fluids by the Heat ot' Steam 5 and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof with reference to drawings hereto annexed, illustrating our invention. v This apparatus may be applied to the making of sugar, the distillat-ion .of the various spirits and essential oils, concentrating solu-v tions ot' salts and extracts ot' dye-woods, heatmg animal and vegetable oils for purification, and, 1n short, to the heating, evaporating, or concentrating of all liquids of whatever nature, or to the heat-ing of atmospheric air for drying processes.

It consists of a series of short straight pipes,

A, of copper or other metal, communicating at each end with ametallic box or tube, B B,

running the whole length ofthe series-an arrangement which offers the least possible obstruction to the circulation of the steam and permits the pipes A to be laid at such an inehnation as will insure the immediate running oft' ofthe condensed water as it forms. Steam is admitted from the boiler or vessel in which it is generated into the box B, with which the raised ends of the .pipes communicate. ,from whence it passes into and tills the pipes, and there yields up its heat, which, being transmit-` ted through the copper or material ofthe pipes,

heats or evaporatesthe tluid surrounding them.

The water formed by condensation of the steam flows into the box B at the lower ends of the pipes, from whence it is conducted away either to waste or into a cistern for resupplying the steam-boiler. The pipes are inclined not less than an inch or three-fourths of an inch in a foot, the inclination being greater as the length of the pipes is greater, as it is important that the water should not be suffered to accumulate in them, owing to the injurious effect it has upon their evaporating-powcr. In order that thecondensed water may be got rid ot' without letting steamfescape, there may be connected with the box B some one of the many contrivan'ces for this purpose now in use-for example, a vessel, O, in which is a ball-cock, so arranged as to let off the water only.

To enable others to make and use our invention in the most efficient manner, we will proceed to describe the mode in which we construct an evaporator and pan for the purpose of boiling a solution of sugar.

The pan D (see drawings annexed) contains two series of copper pipes, A A, a little less than rive feet in length. The bottom of the pan has an inclination from the ends toward the middle of about one inch to the foot, and as the pipes rest upon the bottomthey have a like inclination. Across the middle of the pan is a gutter, d, which receives the sirup as it runs down the bottom and conducts it to the center, where the discharge-valve E is placed. The discharge-valve is controlled by a lever,

F, which permits of its being raised from the p outside. The steam-boxes B B of both series connect to one steam-pipe, G, in which is astopvalve, H. for shutting off the steam, and connected with this stop-valve is the pipe I, leading from the steam-boiler. The boxes for the steam and condensed water are of cast-brass. The steam-box Bis rectangular. (See Fig. 4 for a cut section of boxes and pipes, enlarged size.) One side has openings in it, into which the pipes are screwed. The other side is closed by a cap, J. The cap is also rectangular, and resembles a box having only the top, bottom, and one side, and when in place looks like a box of smaller dimensions fitted into the side of one of larger dimensions. The inside of the top and bottom of' the box and the outside of the ,top and bottoni of the cap are planed, to make a better joint, and in planing the box a rabbet or shoulder, I), is left upon the top and bottom, against which the cap comes. Red lead oi1 some suitable substance is put in the joint, andthe surfaces are brought vtogether by screw-boltsj, passing through the cap and box. The water-box B', the form ot' which is not essential, but for convenience is made semi-elliptical, is cast entirely closed, except the openings into which the pipes screw and an opening in the under side and near one end, through which the condensed water is led away. -The pipes A are formed inthe usual way by rounding up a piece of copper of the proper width and length and brazing the edges together. lI`he ends of the pipes are drawn in a little, and have brass collars a a brazed upon them, upon which the screw-thread is. cut.

The end which screws into thewater-box is so much smaller than the other end as to permit t to pass through L -e hole in the steam-box nto which the other end fits, and the pipe is screwed into both boxes at the same time.

The form of the cap above described for closing the steam-box is preferable to any other Whieh'we have used, for two reasons. It forms a joint impervious to Water and steam, and it permits the apparatus to lie close to the bottom of the pan, by which means a small charge of Sirup ean be boiled. It is an established fact in sugar-making thatv the less the quantity of j uiee or sirup operated upon and the shorter the time it is under treatment the better will be the result, both as to quantity and quality.

W'e clam- The employment Within an evaporating-pan of a series of inclined tubes, in combination with an upper and lower box or tube, the former communicating with the upper end of the series of inelinedpipes for the admission ot steam to them, and the latter with the lower end of the series for the discharge of steam and Water produced by condensation, substantially as described.

JAS. J. MAPES. VM. A. COX.

Vitnesses:

T. B. VAKEMAM- JOHN W. CHAMBERS.

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