US158924A - Improvement in apparatus for concentrating and evaporating sulphuric acid - Google Patents
Improvement in apparatus for concentrating and evaporating sulphuric acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US158924A US158924A US158924DA US158924A US 158924 A US158924 A US 158924A US 158924D A US158924D A US 158924DA US 158924 A US158924 A US 158924A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- evaporating
- gutter
- sulphuric acid
- bell
- pan
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 10
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 title description 10
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 240000005428 Pistacia lentiscus Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000284 resting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036633 rest Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
- B01D5/0066—Dome shaped condensation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
- Y10S159/15—Special material
Definitions
- the object of our invention is an apparatus for concentrating acids, in which, by maintaining but a small body of liquor at one time in the evaporating-pan, the necessity of employing a high temperature and a pan of such thickness as Will resist this temperature are avoided.
- rlhe apparatus is made in sections connected by a joint, in which the formation of vapor and consequent leakage are prevented by means of a surrounding Water-circulating chamber.
- FIG. l is a sectional elevation of the apparatus, and Figs. 2 and 3 enlarged sectional views illustrative of the join ts.
- A is a shallow circular basin, of platinum, provided with an inlet-tube, b, and outlet-tube a of the same material, and arranged directly over afurnace, B, the said basin being secured at its upper edge to a lead ring, G, forming a gutter or receptacle for the Weak acid obtained by the condensation of the vapors in the upper portion or bell F of the apparatus.
- the basin A is supported by a cast-iron ring, E, and the latter in turn supports a lead-covered iron ring, g', upon which the gutter G rests.
- the basin is luted to the gutter G by mastic or clay d, as shown in the enlarged views, Figs. 2 and 3, and the upper edge of the said basin may be bent over soas to project into the Weak acid contained in the gutter Gr, thus forming a hydraulic joint with the latter, as shown ⁇ by dotted lines in Fig. 3. .
- the character of the joint is of much importance, as heretofore, owing to the heating of the liquor in the joint, vapors have been formed, Which-permeate the joint, driving the liquor before them. Two forms of joint, Which have been found in practice to correct these evils, are shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
- a leaden belt, c surrounds and is luted to the upper edge of the basin A by mastic of manganese or clay d.
- a band, c1 of iron, steel, or copper, the ends of which are Wired together, as shown at o2.
- the belt c is Vsurrounded by bands e and f, soldered together and to the gutter Gr at f1.
- the joint, Fig. 3, is of a more simple character ⁇ the -upper portion of the platinum basin being luted directly to the gutter G by clay or mastic d., and the said basin being corrugated or fluted, asshoWn at so as to afford a good hold for the said luting.
- the gutter in each form of joint, has double Walls, forming a space, y, in which cold water circulates, thereby maintaining the liquor cool, preventing the generation of vapor, and the consequent leakage.
- rlhe upper portion o r bell F of the apparatus does not rest directly upon the platinum basin, or upon the gutter G, but is supported by three standards, lo, to Which it is secured by rings h and arms t', the said standards resting upon the top of the furnace B, and being provided with rings kl at the top, which permit the Whole bell to be readily lifted from the platinum vesselv and gutter when access has to be had to these parts.
- the gutter G is supported at its upper edge by an iron ring, to Which is secured an annular vessel, g, ot' lead, this vessel receiving the lower edge of the bell F ofthe apparatus, and being filled with Water so as to form a perfectly-tight hydraulic joint.
- a hydraulic joint o
- o With the pipe p, through which uncondensed vapors are carried off to be treated elsewhere, and surrounding the said joint there is a pan, l, from which Water is caused to overflow continuously, this Water flowing over the top of the bell and lling a series of Water-receptacles, m, m1, and m2, Which surround the bell, and which successively overiiow, one feeding the other.
- the Water is conducted olf from the lowermost receptacle m2 through a pipe, fn.
- the sulphuric acid to be treated is introduced into the pan A through the pipe b, and after having been sufficiently concentrated by the heat of the furnace B is conducted oli' through the pipe a.
- the vapors which escape from the acid thus treated rise into the bell F, by contact With the cooled Walls of which they are rapidly con s y 15s, 924
- the current of sulphuric acid may be easily regulated in proportion to the intensity of the heat applied, so that the acid leaving the apparatus may have the required density.
- the pipe a is arranged at such a distance from the bottom of the pan that but a small body of liquor can remain in the pan. A re of less intensity is therefore required to heat the liquor and maintain it at the proper temperature than when a large volume is treated at one time, While a much lighter and less expensive pan is required that must be used to resist the effects of aconstant high temperature, and to retain a large quantity of liquor. It will be apparent, however, that the productive capacity of the apparatus is not re-v pokerd by the diminished size of the pan, as the liquor is evaporated in one as quickly as in the other, and in this case is supplied as fast as it is condensed and removed.
- a cold-Water channel i combined with the joint between the bell F and pan A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Description
UNITED S'IA'IEs PATENT OFFICE.
MARIE J. F. R. FAURE AND JACQUES I.. KEssLER, oF CLERMONT-FERRAND, "FRANCE IMPROVEMENT lN'APPAR-ATUS FOR'CONCENTRATING AND EVAPORATING SULPHURIC ACID.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.` 158,924, dated January 19, 1875; application filed June 2,9, 1874.
LER, both of Clermont-Ferrand, France, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for Goncentrating and Evaporating Sulphuric Acid, of which the following is aspecilication:
The object of our invention is an apparatus for concentrating acids, in Which, by maintaining but a small body of liquor at one time in the evaporating-pan, the necessity of employing a high temperature and a pan of such thickness as Will resist this temperature are avoided. rlhe apparatus is made in sections connected by a joint, in which the formation of vapor and consequent leakage are prevented by means of a surrounding Water-circulating chamber.
Figure l is a sectional elevation of the apparatus, and Figs. 2 and 3 enlarged sectional views illustrative of the join ts. A is a shallow circular basin, of platinum, provided with an inlet-tube, b, and outlet-tube a of the same material, and arranged directly over afurnace, B, the said basin being secured at its upper edge to a lead ring, G, forming a gutter or receptacle for the Weak acid obtained by the condensation of the vapors in the upper portion or bell F of the apparatus. The basin A is supported by a cast-iron ring, E, and the latter in turn supports a lead-covered iron ring, g', upon which the gutter G rests. The basin is luted to the gutter G by mastic or clay d, as shown in the enlarged views, Figs. 2 and 3, and the upper edge of the said basin may be bent over soas to project into the Weak acid contained in the gutter Gr, thus forming a hydraulic joint with the latter, as shown` by dotted lines in Fig. 3. .The character of the joint is of much importance, as heretofore, owing to the heating of the liquor in the joint, vapors have been formed, Which-permeate the joint, driving the liquor before them. Two forms of joint, Which have been found in practice to correct these evils, are shown in Figs. 2 and 3.
In Fig. 2 a leaden belt, c, surrounds and is luted to the upper edge of the basin A by mastic of manganese or clay d. Within this belt is a band, c1, of iron, steel, or copper, the ends of which are Wired together, as shown at o2. The belt c is Vsurrounded by bands e and f, soldered together and to the gutter Gr at f1. The joint, Fig. 3, is of a more simple character` the -upper portion of the platinum basin being luted directly to the gutter G by clay or mastic d., and the said basin being corrugated or fluted, asshoWn at so as to afford a good hold for the said luting. The gutter (in each form of joint) has double Walls, forming a space, y, in which cold water circulates, thereby maintaining the liquor cool, preventing the generation of vapor, and the consequent leakage. rlhe upper portion o r bell F of the apparatus does not rest directly upon the platinum basin, or upon the gutter G, but is supported by three standards, lo, to Which it is secured by rings h and arms t', the said standards resting upon the top of the furnace B, and being provided with rings kl at the top, which permit the Whole bell to be readily lifted from the platinum vesselv and gutter when access has to be had to these parts. The gutter G is supported at its upper edge by an iron ring, to Which is secured an annular vessel, g, ot' lead, this vessel receiving the lower edge of the bell F ofthe apparatus, and being filled with Water so as to form a perfectly-tight hydraulic joint. At the top of the bell F there is a hydraulic joint, o, With the pipe p, through which uncondensed vapors are carried off to be treated elsewhere, and surrounding the said joint there is a pan, l, from which Water is caused to overflow continuously, this Water flowing over the top of the bell and lling a series of Water-receptacles, m, m1, and m2, Which surround the bell, and which successively overiiow, one feeding the other. The Water is conducted olf from the lowermost receptacle m2 through a pipe, fn.
'In using the apparatus the sulphuric acid to be treated is introduced into the pan A through the pipe b, and after having been sufficiently concentrated by the heat of the furnace B is conducted oli' through the pipe a. The vapors which escape from the acid thus treated rise into the bell F, by contact With the cooled Walls of which they are rapidly con s y 15s, 924
densed, and fall in the form of very weak acid into the gutter G, whence they are discharged through a pipe, q, and tested from time to time.
By means of a platinum cock in the pipe t or a lead siphon, the current of sulphuric acid may be easily regulated in proportion to the intensity of the heat applied, so that the acid leaving the apparatus may have the required density.
The pipe a is arranged at such a distance from the bottom of the pan that but a small body of liquor can remain in the pan. A re of less intensity is therefore required to heat the liquor and maintain it at the proper temperature than when a large volume is treated at one time, While a much lighter and less expensive pan is required that must be used to resist the effects of aconstant high temperature, and to retain a large quantity of liquor. It will be apparent, however, that the productive capacity of the apparatus is not re-v duced by the diminished size of the pan, as the liquor is evaporated in one as quickly as in the other, and in this case is supplied as fast as it is condensed and removed.
We may observe that several of our improved apparatus may be coupled, the exittube a of one being continued into the inlettube b of the next. The capacity of the apparatus can also be increased Without complicat- 111g 1t, by using several separate inlet and outlet pipes, each provided with regulating dev1ces.
When the sulphuric acid is concentrated above 60 3 Baume the cooling of the bell F with Water may be dispensed with, for the vaporswill then contain only a trace of acid, which could not be economically recovered.
We claim as our inventionl. The combination, in an evaporating apparatus, of the bell F, pan A, inlet l), and outlet a, communicating with the pan a short distance above the bottom, as and for the purpose set forth.
2. The combination of the pan A, the gutter G, luted to the pan, and the bell F, resting in a groove at the upper edge of the gutter, as set forth. y
3. A cold-Water channel, i combined with the joint between the bell F and pan A, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. rEhe combination ofthe basin A, annular gutter G, standards k, and bell F, supported by the standards above the basin, as set forth.
1n testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.
MARIE JOSEPH FRANCOIS REGIS FAURE. JACQUES LOUIS KESSLER.
Witnesses EMILE RICHARD, CHARLES F. THIRION.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US158924A true US158924A (en) | 1875-01-19 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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US158924D Expired - Lifetime US158924A (en) | Improvement in apparatus for concentrating and evaporating sulphuric acid |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2515435A (en) * | 1946-10-30 | 1950-07-18 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Apparatus for the manufacture of sulfuric acid |
US2647823A (en) * | 1949-06-17 | 1953-08-04 | Gijsbertus C Van Wessem | Condensing apparatus |
US2859101A (en) * | 1952-05-21 | 1958-11-04 | Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Company Lt | Reaction furnace for producing carbon disulphide |
-
0
- US US158924D patent/US158924A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2515435A (en) * | 1946-10-30 | 1950-07-18 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Apparatus for the manufacture of sulfuric acid |
US2647823A (en) * | 1949-06-17 | 1953-08-04 | Gijsbertus C Van Wessem | Condensing apparatus |
US2859101A (en) * | 1952-05-21 | 1958-11-04 | Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Company Lt | Reaction furnace for producing carbon disulphide |
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