US3952088A - Effluent treatment - Google Patents
Effluent treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3952088A US3952088A US05/510,897 US51089774A US3952088A US 3952088 A US3952088 A US 3952088A US 51089774 A US51089774 A US 51089774A US 3952088 A US3952088 A US 3952088A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- effluent
- ozone
- aqueous
- chlorine
- organic carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D3/14—Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for reducing organic carbon content in the aqueous effluent from the dehyrdochlorination stage of the chloroprene process.
- Chloroprene is usually produced by the dehydrochlorination of 3,4-dichlorobutene-1 in an aqueous alkaline medium.
- the chloroprene is removed by distillation and the spent aqueous medium from the dehydrochlorination is usually subjected to distillation and/or decantation to remove any major amounts of organic materials such as chloroprene and 3,4-dichlorobutene-1.
- the resulting aqueous effluent from this stage is essentially an aqueous solution of sodium chloride containing some sodium hydroxide and dissolved organic carbon compounds in quantities of up to a few thousand parts per million (ppm).
- This effluent is usually discharged to waste since the presence of traces of organic carbon compounds makes it unsuitable for use as feedstock in the electrolytic production of chlorine and caustic soda.
- the dissolved organics appeared to be a very complex mixture of substances of which only three compounds have been identified. These are 3,4-dihydroxybutene-1 1,4-dihydroxybutene-2and 1 (or 2) -chloro-4-hydroxy-4-vinylclohexene-1 and together account for about 35% of the dissolved organic carbon.
- the removal of the dissolved organics from the effluent would make it a convenient feedstock for electrolysis thereby reducing the disposal problem created by the untreated effluent.
- the organic carbon level can be reduced to surprisingly low levels.
- the process for treating an aqueous effluent comprises initially treating the aqueous effluent with ozone followed by treatment of the ozonised effluent with chlorine until the pH is acidic.
- the suspended impurities would be removed by conventional techniques such filtration and/or decantation.
- ozonisation The step involving treatment with ozone, hereafter referred to as "ozonisation” may be carried out by using suitable gaseous diluents for ozone.
- Diluents such as air or oxygen are particularly preferred.
- concentration of ozone in the diluent may for example by in the range 0.5 to 1.2% volume/volume.
- Ozonisation is preferably continued until the absorption of ozone is substantially complete.
- the quantity of ozone required will of course depend on the quantity of organic matter in the effluent being treated, but may for example be in the range 0.01 to 0.02g ozone/g effluent.
- chlorination may be carried out using gaseous chlorine.
- the ozonisation and chlorination steps may be carried out below the boiling point of the effluent, but temperatures between 15°C and 100°C are preferred.
- the pH of the effluent at the beginning and throughout the ozonisation step is usually around 13. It is, however, desirable to bring the pH of the ozonised effluent to about 7 before chlorination is started. This pH adjustment may be achieved with hydrochloric acid either in the gaseous form or as an aqueous solution.
- the pH of the solution may be reduced to 1 as a result of acidification/neutralisation by hydrochloric acid followed by chlorination, but it is preferable to operate around a pH of 5-6 since strongly acidic solutions may give rise to corrosion problems.
- the quantity of chlorine fed into the effluent per unit weight of effluent may vary over a moderately wide range, and may for example be 0.0005 to 0.0015 weight of chlorine per unit weight of effluent.
- appropriate steps of filtration and/or decantation may be introduced before, during or after the ozonisation and/or chlorination of the effluent in order to remove any suspended impurities.
- Ozone in oxygen was passed into filtered aqueous effluent (containing 857 ppm total organic carbon) from the dehydrochlorination stage of the chloroprene process at 40°C until the absorption of ozone was virtually complete. Then, chlorine gas was passed into the solution at room temperature until the pH of the solution fell to 6. The total organic carbon remaining in solution was then 23 ppm.
- Ozonolysis of the effluent was carried out continuously in a tower reactor consisting of a 1 in. diam, 36 in. high glass tube packed with 1/8 in. diam. porcelain Rasehig rings. Effluent was fed in at the top of the column and left from the base through a liquid seal which was arranged so as to keep the packed column full of liquid.
- Ozonised air (201/hr., 1.1% O 3 v/v concentration) was fed in at the base and the degree of absorption of the ozone checked by analysing the gas alkaline potassium iodine solution which was later acidified and the iodine liberated, determined by titration with 0.1 sodium thiosulphate solution.
- Chlorination of the ozonised effluent was carried out in a glass tower of similar size and arrangement to that used for the ozonolysis. Chlorine was fed in at the base at the rate of 1 l/hr at NTP and effluent introduced at the top of the column, leaving the base through a liquid seal arranged to keep the packed column flooded with liquid. The results obtained are shown in the following table:
- a 100 ml. sample of effluent containing 820 ppm organic carbon and 27 ppm. of carbonate carbon was chlorinated at about 22°C by passing in gaseous chlorine at the rate of 2.6 l/hr (measured at 0°C and 760 mm mercury) through a sintered glass gas distribution tube for 9 minutes.
- the pH value fell from 12.8 to 11.0.
- the chlorine was then displaced from the sample by passing in nitrogen when the pH quickly fell to 8 and then remained approximately constant. After filtering the sample through a No. 50 Whatman filter paper, it was again analysed for carbon content. It was found to contain 852 ppm of organic carbon and 35 ppm of carbonate carbon.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Residence time in Total Organic Carbon* (ppm) column (min) in Treated Effluent ______________________________________ 26 32 19 35 15 25 10 25 6.3 20 4.4 41 2.8 57 ______________________________________ *Original value 332 ppm.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
UK45900/73 | 1973-10-02 | ||
GB4590073 | 1973-10-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3952088A true US3952088A (en) | 1976-04-20 |
Family
ID=10439035
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/510,897 Expired - Lifetime US3952088A (en) | 1973-10-02 | 1974-10-01 | Effluent treatment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3952088A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2409235A1 (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1979-06-15 | Lummus Co | PROCESS FOR PURIFYING SALTED RESIDUAL SOLUTIONS, COMING IN PARTICULAR FROM THE PREPARATION OF EPOXIDES BY THE INTERMEDIATE OF CHLORHYDRINS |
FR2722186A1 (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-01-12 | Sarp Industries | Treatment saline soln. polluted with organic matter |
FR2826355A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2002-12-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS FOR TREATING AN EFFLUENT, IN PARTICULAR RADIOACTIVE, CONTAINING ORGANIC MATTER |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US792632A (en) * | 1904-05-03 | 1905-06-20 | Harry Tee | Manufacture of salt. |
US3139327A (en) * | 1960-03-07 | 1964-06-30 | Callery Chemical Co | Process for making ozonides by reacting ozone with superoxide |
US3767775A (en) * | 1970-11-20 | 1973-10-23 | Nippon Soda Co | Process for producing calcium hypochlorite |
-
1974
- 1974-10-01 US US05/510,897 patent/US3952088A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US792632A (en) * | 1904-05-03 | 1905-06-20 | Harry Tee | Manufacture of salt. |
US3139327A (en) * | 1960-03-07 | 1964-06-30 | Callery Chemical Co | Process for making ozonides by reacting ozone with superoxide |
US3767775A (en) * | 1970-11-20 | 1973-10-23 | Nippon Soda Co | Process for producing calcium hypochlorite |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2409235A1 (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1979-06-15 | Lummus Co | PROCESS FOR PURIFYING SALTED RESIDUAL SOLUTIONS, COMING IN PARTICULAR FROM THE PREPARATION OF EPOXIDES BY THE INTERMEDIATE OF CHLORHYDRINS |
FR2722186A1 (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-01-12 | Sarp Industries | Treatment saline soln. polluted with organic matter |
FR2826355A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2002-12-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | PROCESS FOR TREATING AN EFFLUENT, IN PARTICULAR RADIOACTIVE, CONTAINING ORGANIC MATTER |
WO2003000598A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-03 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Method for treating an effluent, especially a radioactive effluent, containing organic matter |
US20040149665A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2004-08-05 | Jean-Michel Fulconis | Method for treating an effluent, especially a radioactive effluent, containing organic matter |
US7204929B2 (en) | 2001-06-22 | 2007-04-17 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Method for treating an effluent, especially a radioactive effluent, containing organic matter |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: CITICORP INDUSTRIAL CREDIT, INC., 635 WEST 7TH STR Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DENKA CHEMICAL CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004248/0945 Effective date: 19840309 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DENKA CHEMICAL CORPORATION, 8701 PARK PLACE, HOUST Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004961/0548 Effective date: 19880122 Owner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., 450 MAMARONECK AVENU Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:CITICORP (USA), INC., (MERGED INTO);CITICORP INDUSTRIAL CREDIT, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004966/0024 Effective date: 19871028 Owner name: DENKA CHEMICAL CORPORATION, A DE CORP., TEXAS Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004961/0548 Effective date: 19880122 Owner name: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC., NEW YORK Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:CITICORP (USA), INC., (MERGED INTO);CITICORP INDUSTRIAL CREDIT, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004966/0024 Effective date: 19871028 |