US395142A - Necticut - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 SheetSSheet 1. J. HOPSON, Jr. 85 W. T. HOPSON.

BOILER.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets'--Sheet 2.

J. HOPSON, Jr. 82 W. T. HOPSON.

BOILER.

Patented Dec. 25, 1888.

NV PETERS, Fhuloumugmuher. Wzshingmn. ac

JOHN HOPSON, JR, AND ILLIAM T. HOPSON, OF NEYV LONDON, CON- NECTIOUT.

BQILER.

SPECIFICATION. forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,142, dated December 25, 1888.

Application filed September 29, 1888. $erial No. 286,740. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JOHN HOPsON, J1'., and WILLIAM T. l'IOPsON, of New London, county of New London, and State of Connecticut, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, ref erence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

()ur invention relates to boilers oi the class employed for heating water for domestic and other heating or radiating systems, and especially to that variety of such boilers called sectional boilers, from the fact that they embody a number of similar sections or parts united one with the other.

The objects of our invention are to simplify and improve the construction of these sec tional boilers so that the sections or parts may be easily, quickly, and cheaply mounted and supported in such manner as to obviate injurious effects of expansions and contractions; to provide the lower header with a projecting horizontal branch which may be located at any desired point, and with which directconnection may be made without employment of unnecessary bends or angles; to provide simple and efficient means for 0011- necting the short sections and for securing the joints bet-ween the sections; to supply a cover or dome and a base-seetion with covered apertures, affording convenient and easy access to the fines for cleaning without requiring the casing to be disturbed, and to secure other advantages in the matters of construction and operation, as will hereinafter appear. To accomplish all of this our improvements involve certain n ew and useful arrangements or combinations of parts and peculiarities of construct-ion, which will be herein first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a portable boiler constructed and arranged for operation in accordance with our invention and embodying our improvements. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on a plane through line 90 a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view, enlarged beyond previous figures, showing two of the sectional parts in place. Fig. atis a vertical sectional view of one of the long sectional parts of the boiler. Fig. 5 is a front elevation showing the exterior casin g and the location of the flue-cleaning doors or apertures in the top or dome. Fig. (3 is a horizontal sectional view, enlarged beyond previous figures, showing the means of uniting the short sections with those adjacent to them.

In all the figures like letters of. reference, wherever they occur, indicate corrcspom'ling parts.

A A are the overhanging portions of the sectional parts which contain the water to be heated, and B B are the legs thereof. These sectional parts are arranged in circular plan and are supported by the casing. The legs form the walls of the fire-box, the upper parts of the sections overhanging the fire. flues being left between the upper parts for the upward escape of products of combustion. The legs are connected with a lower header, D, as by nipples a a, and the sections are connected at top with an upper header, E, by nipples, as

Heretofore in boilers made up of sections of substantially the shape herein illustrated the inlet or return for water to the lower header was tapped in at the bottom thereof and carried through the casing through holes which had to be formed to suit the position of the tap, necessitating much difficult labor and forming a bend or trap in the inlet-pipe, which seriously interfered with the desired free and perfect circulation of water through the boiler and the heating system in connection with which it was used. To obviate all of this I cast the header with a horizontal flanged neck or branch, F, which projects from the vertical wall of the header and through the casing. The header being circular, this flanged neck may be turned toward any desired point most convenient for leading the inlet or return, and the latter connected with the header by a simple joint without bend or trap. This not only makes the fitting or mounting easier and cheaper, but is of advantage in the matter of circulation, as will be readily seen. The lower header is made to sustain the sections,

and for this reason the nipples a a are made heavy, preferably of what is called double thick metal.

The ash-pit section or foundation G is of cast metal having aledge, as at g, calculated to receive the header D, which is simply placed upon the ledge and the sectional parts of the boiler afterward applied. This obviates the necessity of blocking up the sectional parts and afterward securing the header to them, as has heretofore been required in all portable boilers of this class.

The casting G is made in parts divided as along the line g, so that the straight neck F of header D may be located at any desired point without requiring an especial. opening to be cut for it, as in the previous constructions above alluded to.

H is the outlet, which is connected with the upper header, and which leads to the heating or radiating system.

The sections being supported in the manner explained, they may be easily. connected up by turning the nipples to place, and these are easily reached above and below the extremities of the sections without interference by other parts.

H H are the bars constituting the grate. These are mounted in a ring, I, which is secured to the lower ends of the sections, or otherwise, as may be desired. Under this arrangement and manner of mounting any expansion or contraction of the ring or the sections, or both, cannot effect the unions between the lower header and the sections, by which leakage might otherwise be caused.

K is the fire-door, which has a frame leading into the fire-chamber above the grate. The sections above and below this frame are necessarily shortened or cut off to permit it to pass. Those above the door are connected with the upper header, and those below it with the lower header. To connect these shortened sections with the long sections next adjacent, so that the circulation through them may be perfect, same as in the complete sections, we provide hollow cast boxes, as at L, (best shown in Fig. 6,) and one of these is used for making each connection. (Shown in Fig. 2.) The metal of the sections is thickened, as atl Z, so that the perforations therethrough may be threaded and afford a secure seat for hollow nipples, as Z Z, which are inserted from the exterior of box L. J am-nuts, as Z Z upon the nipples may be packed in any suitable manner and turned to their seats against the walls of the sections and against the inner face of box L, the box L being separated from the sections by a distance sufficient to permit the use of a wrench. After the nipples Z are adjusted, the perforations through the exterior of box L are closed, as by screw-plugs Z The lower ends of the upper short sections and the upper ends of the lower short sections are connected in the same manner, and being thus connected circulation may take place through each short section from bottom to top, as will be readily understood.

Above the ash-pit section G of the casing is the intermediate section, N. These sections are made of cast-iron, and upon the intermediate section is mounted the casing O, of sheet metal, usually double walled, as shown, to prevent radiation. The space between these walls maybe filled with any nonconducting material, if desired.

Upon the casing is mounted a dome-shaped plate, P, extending from about the level of the tops of the sections over and upon the edge of the upper header. This plate P covcrs the return-flue which surrounds the boiler, and in it are several apertures closed by doors or removable plates Q, called flue-cleaning doors. The openings are so situated as to afford free access to the returnfiue for cleaning, and also free access to the space between the upper header and the tops of the boilersections, which also needs to be cleaned of accumulations from the fire.

The intermediate section of the casing, or the part around the lower end of the fire-box, also supplied with apertures covered with doors or removable plates R, affording access to the lower part of the return-flue, and also to the space between the lower header and the bottoms of the section-legs. \Vith these provisions all the parts of the boiler may be easily cleaned without disturbii'lg the casing or outer wall. To close the vertical joints between the sections, so as to prevent escape of heating products before passing out at the top, separate plates have heretofore been employed with various devices for locking them in place.

\Ve dispense with the plates entirely and provide the edges of each section with narrow channels or grooves, as c c, which may be cast in the sections and without any additional expense. lVhcn setting up the secti on s, a little cement applied between the vertical joints will find lodgment in these grooves and will be held therein without danger of displacement; but in case the cement be not applied soot and ashes from the fire will lodge in the grooves and very soon close the joints quite as effectually as any other cement.

S is the direct-draft damper, by closing which the smoke, &c., is compelled to descend all around the boiler before it can find an exit from. the bottom of the return-flue.

T is a haflie-plate having perforations (Z (1, so disposed as to prevent the products of coinbustion from passing to the smoke-stack over the shortest lines.

U is a fuel'magazinc.

The return-fl ue, as will be observed, extends only down to the ash-pit section, the flue be ing thus made short enough so that the draft will not be unnecessarily impeded, while yet the flue is made to completely surround the boiler-sections. This arrangement also obviates the necessity of carrying the conneo tion with the lower header through the return flue.

The intermediate cast section, N, extends up high enough to take in the fire-door and the union with the uptake, so that there is no necessity of perforating the sheet-metal portion of the casing, the latter being then made up of plain sheets easy and cheap to apply.

The boiler thus constructed and mounted is simple, convenient, and efficient, and admirably answers the purposes and objects of our improvements, previously set forth;

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim as new herein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a boiler ot the character herein set forth, the combination of the overhanging boiler-sections forming the fire-chamber, the lower header, and the base-section of the easing, the said lower header being provided with a horizontal flanged neck projecting through said base-section for connecting with the inlet or return pipe and resting upon a horizontal ledge in the base-section oi the ca s-- ing, the overhanging boiler-sections being supported by and above the header and communicating therewith through the threaded. nipples, substantially as shown and described.

In a boiler of the character herein set forth, the combination of the overhanging sections, the upper header supported by and above said sections and communicating therewith through the threaded nipples, the lower header provided with the horizontal flanged projecting neck and resting upon a horizontal ledge in the base seetion of the casin g, and the threaded nipples connecting the lower header with the legs of the boiler-sections and sustaining them above and upon said header, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a boiler of the character herein set forth, the combination, with the shortened sections connected with the top and. bottom headers, of the hollow blocks and nipples for joining said shortened sections with the long sections, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a boiler made up of a number of similar sections connected with a header at the top by nipples sustaining said header upon and above the boiler-sections and provided with a casing separated from said boiler to form a return-flue, the combination, with the casing and said header, of a dome having covered cleaning apertures located and arranged therein over the space between the sections and casing and opposite the space between the sections and upper header, substantially as and for the purposes explained.

57 In a boiler of the character herein set forth, the oi'erhanging sections forming the wall of the fire-box, provided on their adjacent vertical t'aces with the grooves or channels for lodgment of cement, &c., to close the joints between the sections, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a boiler ot' the character herein set forth, the base or ash-pit section provided

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