US395099A

US395099A - Mechanical motor

Info

Publication number: US395099A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 1905-12-25

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. WILLETT.

MECHANICAL MOTOR.

No. 395,099. Patented Dec. 25, 1888.

n 'i'lcesses ill 61660) JVZE yIr N PETERS, Pmln-Liahugm her. Washington, 0,6.

(No Model.) I 2 SheetsSheet 2. G. WILLETT.

MECHANICAL MOTOR. No. 395,099. Patented Dec. 25, 1888.

ion? 71/ 7" Q 14 77555616 JZJLVJ' lln'iTEn STATES PATENT @EETEE.

GEORGE wILLETT, oE cnioaeo, ILLINOIS.

MECHANICAL MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,099, dated December 25, 1888. Application fi1edSeptember16,188'7- serinmzaasse. momma) To all whom it maycmwern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE ILLETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicage, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Mechanical Motors, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a view illustratingmy improved motor as applied to the propulsion of a boat; Fig. 2, a side elevation of the motor detached; Fig. 3, a plan view of the same; Fig. 4, a sectional view taken on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, and looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 5, a rear elevation of one of the clutches and its carriage detached; Fig. 6,adetailsec'- tional view of the same, taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. i; and Fig. 7, a detail sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. Figs. 2 and 3 are on the same scale with respect to each other, but on a larger scale than 1, while Figs. 1 to 7, inclusive, are on the same scale with respect to each other, but on a still larger scale than Figs. 2 and 3.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

My invention relates to mechanical motors, and has for its object to provide an efficient motor by means of which reciprocatingmotion may be converted into rotary motion.

I will. now proceed to describe a construction in which I have practically carried out and applied my invention in one form, and will then particularly point out in the claims those features which I deem to be new and desire to protect by Letters Patent. 7 I will first, however, state that, although I have shown and will describe this one particular application of the motor, I do so onl-yt'or c011- venience in describing its construction and operation, as it will be understood that the same is of general application and may be used anywhere where a motor of its description may be employed.

In the drawings, A represents a boat, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) .13 the propeller thereof, and U the propeller-shaft, which in the present instance is of course the shaft to which a rotary motion is imparted by the motor. At its forward end the shaft is provided with a gear-wheel, c, by means of which l it is driven.

D represents a suitable base upon which the motor is mounted, this base being pro= vided at each end with uprights (Z,wl1ich serve as a support for the various portions of the mechanism, as hereinafter described.

The shaft Chas its forward bearing in the rear upright d. Upon each side of the base D and parallel with the shaft 0 is arranged a spiral or screw, E, mounted to revolve in suit able bearings on the supports (1. Preferably these bearings are constructed in the manner shown in detail in Fig. 7 of the drawings, in

i which a screw, D, provided with a check-nut,

(1', extends through a suitably-tln'eaded aperture in the upright ('1, its projecting unthreaded end (1 entering a suitable socket or recess in the end of the spiral in a cylindrical hub, l, to which the end of the spiral i is secured. By this means a bearing is provided which will resist the end-thrust of the spirals, and by means of which any wear may be readily taken up. The rear ends of the spirals or their hubs E at the rear end are each provided with a gear, 6, the said gear meshing with the gear on the shaft The spirals E are twisted in the same direction, or, in other words, are threaded alike.

The operating mechanism For the spirals is the same for each of them, and I will therefore describe the mechanism of one only, it being uluilerstood that the same description is applicable to the other. Parallel with the axis of the spiral are arranged ways f, upon which is mounted a carriage, F, which travels upon the said ways. Each carriage is provided with an internal cylindrical chamber, within which fits a similarly-shaped nut, 'G, which is retained by apertured end disks, F, secured to the body of the carriage. The

ceive the spiral E, which passes through the said aperture, and thus engages with the nut. in order to reduce the friction, the aperture g is provided with rollers G, mounted on axes g, carried by the nut G. arranged in the aperture g and are parallel with each other, the spiral E passing between thesaid rollers, as shown more particularly in Fig. 4 of the drawings. The nut G is con- .nut G has an aperture, as shown at g, to re- The rollers G are nected to the carriage F by means of any suitreceive rollers F seated within the said recesses. Each recess is provided with an inclined wall, f extending toward the wall of the chamber in the manner shown in Fig. 4c of the drawings. The opposite wall, f of each recess f is shaped to conform to the roller F ,WhlOl1 is arranged within said recess, and the entire recess is at this point of such dimensions that the roller F may rest therein without being in contact or without binding against the periphery of the nut G. Two similar recesses, f, are formed in the wall of the chamber of the carriage F,in which recesses rollers F are mounted. The recesses 2 4 are each rovided with an inclined wall 5 these walls having an opposite inclination to roller F within the said recess.

H indicates a band surrounding the bed of the carriage F and capable of movement around the said'carriage within certain limits, being provided with a han dle, H, by means of which it may be actuated. The band H is provided with pins h, extending radially inward through suitable slots, f in the nut G. These pins h extend into the corresponding recesses, f on that side of the rollers F therein on which the inclined walls f are located. The band H is also provided with similar pins, h, extending inward through slots f into the recesses f. The object of this band and its pins is to provide a reversing mechanism by means of which the entire operation of the clutch may be at any time reversed by holding either the rollers F or the rollers F in an inoperative position.

In the position of the parts shown in Fig. l of the drawings the pins 71/ bear against the rollers F and hold them against the wall f of the recesses f in which position they are inoperative and have no contact with the periphery of the nut G. By movin the handle H to the right the pins 7L on the band ll may be caused to engage the rollers F and hold them similarly in inoperative position, while at the same time the pins 71 will be so moved as to release the rollers F.

WVhen the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, it will be seen that the nut G may rotate freely in the carriage F in the direction indicated by the arrow, the rollers F affording no resistance to such a movement, but turning freely within the recesses f. Upon any movement of the nut G in the opposite direction, however, the rollers F will immediately bind between the inclined walls f of the recesses f and the periphery of the nut G, and will effectually lock the said nut and prevent its rotation. It will thus be seen that the nut G may, as desired, be permitted to rotate freely in either direction, and at the same time be prevented from rotating in the opposite direction. The two carriages F are connected to each other by means of a rope, cable, or chain, 1, passing around suitable pulleys, 11, arranged at the rear of the bed D. If desired, a similar rope, I, passing around pulleys t" at the front of the bed I), may be employed to further connect the carriages F. Each carriage may be provided, if desired, wit-h grooved wheels f to travel on the ways f. \Yhen the carriage is intended to be propelled by footpower, which I prefer for this purpose, each carriage will be provided with a pivoted foot rest or pedal, J, supported between arms j, attached to the carriage, and a seat, J, for the operator will be arranged above and slightly in the rear of the motor. It will be understood, however, that the motor maybe also actuated by hand,

if desired, or in any other suitable manner,

to impart a reciprocating motion to the carriages F.

The apparatus thus organized operates in the following manner: The operator upon the seat J places his feet upon their respective pedals J and shoves forward first one carriage and then the other, thus imparting to the said carriages a simultaneous motion of reciprocation in opposite directions. 3y reason of the connected ropes I and I the forward motion of one carriage returns the other carriage to its original position. During the forward motion of the right-hand carriage F the nut G carried by said carriage is prevented from rotating my means of the rollers F and. consequently imparts a movement of rotation to the spiral E, which is transmitted through the gear 0 of said spiral and the gear a on the shaft C to the said shaft, and consequently to the propeller l3 thereon. During this forward movement of the right-hand carriage the left-hand carriage moves to the rear, and the nut G in said left-hand carriage is free to rotate within the carriage, and thus permit the rearward movement thereof, it being understood, of course, that the motionimparted to the right-hand spiral E by the forward movement of the right-hand carriage and its nut is also imparted to the left-hand spiral E, which renders it necessary that the nut in the'said left-hand carriage should be free to rotate during the rearward movement of the carriage. The left-hand carriage F is then moved forward, and, the nut G therein being locked and prevented from rotating by means of the rollers F a movement of rotati on is imparted to the left-hand spiral E, and thence through the gearing to the shaft 0 and propeller B thereof. During the forward move ment of the left-hand carriage the right-hand carriage moves back and returns to its original position, which is shown in the drawings.

It will thus be seen that the forward movement of each carriage imparts a movement of rotation to the corresponding spiral, which movement is transferred to the shaft 0. It will also beobserved that each nut is fixed during its forward movement and free to rotate during its return movement. The spi *als G, being twisted in the same direction, impart a practically-contiinious movement to the shaft 0, and consequently to the propeller, whereby the boat is caused to advance in an obvious manner. \Vhen it is desired to reverse the action, or, in other words, to rotate the propeller in the opposite direction, the band H of each carriage is shifted over in the manner hereinbefore described, thus holding the rollers F in inoperative position and cansing the rollers F to operate. hen the parts are in this position, the nuts are stationary during their rearward travel and free to rotate during their forward travel, so that obviously the direction of rotation of the spirals G, and consequently of the shaft 0 and propeller I will be reversed. The employment of the rollers G reduces the friction to a minimum, so that very little power is absorbed thereby. The speed may also be varied as desired by varying the relative size of the gears e and c, for it will be readily seen that relative speed of the shaft C and spirals E maybe varied as desired by properly proportioning the gearing and connecting the same. The connecting ropes or cables insure simultaneous operation of the carriages and cause them both to be actuated by the forward thrust applied to one of them only.

Behind each of the rollers F and F is arranged a spring, f which tends to forcethe rollers toward the inclines f and f", respectively, in order to cause them to engage with the said inclines to quickly obtain a reversal of the movement of the parts.

It is obvious that, although I have shown my improved motor as applied to the propulsion of a boat and as adapted to be actmtted by foot-power, it is not limited to this particular application or mode of a-et-uz'tting. It may be employed in any situation where itis desired to convert recipmcating into rotary motion, and reciprocation maybe imparted to the carriages by anysuitable means. Moreover, two or more of these motors maybe employed at the same time, the shaft (l being suflieientl y extended for that purpose and being provided with the necessary gearing. I am enabled to employ two or more motors in this manner, for the reason that the operation of each motor is entirely independent of the operation of the others, the spirals and their nuts being free to turn in the carriages when driven from the shaft Various modifications in the details ofconstruciion may also be made. For instance, instead ol. placing the upper wheels, f, above the upper ways, f, as shown in the drawings, I may, and in some cases prefer to, place the said wheels below the same. These wheels may, however, be entirely dispensed with, the carriages being in that case provided with sleeves or equivalent devices which embrace or fit upon the ways to hold the carriages in place. I therefore do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the precise details hereinbefore described, and shown in the drawings.

I-Iaving described my invention ,wha-tl claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters lPat cut, is

1. The combination, with the shaft, of spirals connected thereto by suitable gearing and a reciprocating carriage for each spiral, provided with a rotatable nut through which the spiral passes, and which is connected to the carriage by a suitable clutch mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes specie fled.

2. The combination, with the shaft, of spirals on each side thereof parallel with the same and connected thereto by suitable gearing, a reciprocating carriage for each spiral, and a rotatable nut mounted in each of said carriages, connected thereto by suitable clutch mechanism, and engaging the spirals to rotate the same, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination, with the shaft 0, having gear 0, of the spirals E, provided with gears e to mesh with the gear (3, the reciprocating carriages F, one for each spiral, a nut mounted in each carriage and connected thereto by a suitable clutch mechanism and engagin g with the spiral, and a rope or cable passing around suitable pulleys and connecting the two carriages, substantially and for the purposes specified.

l. The combination, with the shaft (1, of the spirals E, connected thereto by suital'ile gearing, the carriages 1 one for each spiral, each provided with a nut, G, connected thereto by suitable clutch mechanism and engaging the spirals, foot-rests .I, mounted on the carriages, and a seat, .l, arranged above and in the rear of the spirals, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a device for converting motion, the

combination, with the shaft, of the spiral mounted to revolve in suitable bearings and connected to the shaft by suitable gearing, the reciprocating carriage, the nut mounted in said carriage and connected thereto by suitable cluicli mechanism, said nut being provided with a central aperture through which the spiral passes, and rollers mounted in said aperture and bearing upon the spiral, substantially as and for the purposes specified. o. The combination, with the shaft, of the spirals connected therei o by suitable gearing, a reciprocating carriage for each spiral, and a rotatablenutmount-ed in each carriage, provided with an aperture through which the correspondin spiral passes, and connected to the carriage by a reversible clutch mechanism, substantially as and for the purposes specifled.

7. In a device for converting motion, the respectively, in said recesses, and the band I-I, combination, with the spiral E, of the rotatprovided with pins h and 7L, extending into able nut G, provided with a central aperture l said recesses, the said band being movable in through which said. spiral passes, the carriage order to hold either the rollers or F in in- 5 F, reciprocating in the line of the axis of said operative position, substantially as and for 15 spiral and provided with a cylindrical chanithe PUl'POSGS specified.

ber to receive the nut G, said carriage being GEOEGE \YILLETT. provided in the wall of said chamber with l \Vitnesses: recesses f and f having oppositely-inclined IRVINE MILLER,

10' walls f andf, the rollers l" and F, arranged, A. MCTVER.