Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
  • F16L9/14—Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/17—Natural resins, resinous alcohols, resinous acids, or derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N5/00—Roofing materials comprising a fibrous web coated with bitumen or another polymer, e.g. pitch
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
  • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
  • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
  • F16L58/12—Coatings characterised by the materials used by tar or bitumen
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
  • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
  • B31B50/74—Auxiliary operations
  • B31B50/742—Coating; Impregnating; Waterproofing; Decoating
  • B31B50/745—Coating or impregnating formed boxes

Definitions

• ABSTRACT Disclosed is a pitch-impregnated fiber pipe having a surface coating of pitch containing aluminum pigment.
• the method of manufacture comprises suspending unimpregnated, conventionally manufactured porous fiber pipe tubes in a suspension of aluminum powder in the liquid pitch and forcing the pitch into the pores and interstices of the fiber pipe tubes.
• This invention relates to: porous articles improved for certain purposes by being at least partially saturated with impregnants; to a process for making such impregnated articles; and to impregnant compositions.
• the invention is concerned in one specific embodiment with pitch-impregnated fiber pipe, a method for manufacturing the same, and pitch-impregnant compositions.
• Porous articles are improved for certain purposes by saturating them with an impregnant material, such as pitch.
• the desired improved properties obtained include increases in density, strength, durability, electrical resistance, insulating value, and resistance to water as well as decreased permeability and improved finish.
• lmpregnants impregnating materials
• pitches derived from water gas tar, oil gas tar, petroleum tars and sludges, and wood tar The primary sources of pitch impregnants are coal tar pitch derived from the pyrolysis of coal and pitch derived from petroleum. These have been used by themselves, in blends, or in combination with resins, oils, waxes, and other modifying additives.
• Such impregnants are widely used in the manufacture of roofings, water-proofing compounds, insulating papers and fabrics, building boards, electrical insulators and conduits, felts and belts, brake linings, ceramic bodies and bricks.
• Coal tar pitch and pitch derived from petroleum have found a particularly important use in the manufacture of bituminized fiber pipe for use in sewer and drainage lines and as conduit for power and telephone cables.
• bituminous-impregnated fiber pipe is well known in the prior art. Ordinarily a pulp slurry of a fibrous material first is made. Newsprint is a common material for the pulp slurry, although other materials such as chemical pulp and asbestos fibers may also be added. A wet web of interfelted cellulose fiber is deposited from the slurry onto a felt roll. Subsequently the web is wound onto a mandrel to form a tube of a desired wall thickness. Each wet tube on a supporting mandrel is then passed through a drying oven, and the mandrel subsequently is removed. The result is a dry paper tube of a desired wall thickness.
• a number of the dry paper tubes are first placed in a pressure vessel and subjected to a vacuum for several minutes.
• the vessel
• the pitch-impregnated tubes thus made are then ready for trimming of the ends, machining and packaging for shipment.
• the pitch-impregnated fiber pipe thus manufactured is well suited for use as sewer pipe, underground conduit pipe for utility lines such as telephone cables and electric power lines, and other uses where conditions of low pressures and high moisture may be encountered.
• the pitch present in the pipe binds the cellulose fibers and imparts strength to the pipe as well as rendering it highly resistant to moisture.
• the fiber pipe is, however, not completely immune to the penetration of moisture. Under prolonged exposure to moisture, the pipe may eventually lose much of its original strength. A pitch-impregnated fiber pipe having increased moisture resistance thus is obviously desirable.
• Pitch-impregnated fiber pipe is often stock-piled in open storage areas where it is exposed to temperature extremes, as well as to sunlight, rain, and snow. Consequently, over a period of time, the initially glossy black surface of the pipe deteriorates to a dull matte surface. Deterioration is thought to result primarily from exposure to the ultraviolet fraction of sunlight. A fiber pipe possessing improved resistance to exposure thus is highly desirable.
• coal tar pitch In the manufacture of fiber pipe coal tar has been as distinguished from petroleum pitch, hasbeen preferred in the past. Coal tar pitch enables the manufacture of a fiber pipe having suitable moisture resistance and resistance to weathering. This is primarily caused by the carbon particles (quinoline insolubles) in coal tar pitch which filter to the inside and outside surfaces of the pipe during the impregnation process, thus forming a protective coating which renders the pipe moisture resistant and enhances its weather-resistant characteristics. Petroleum pitch has been available more recently and has found use as an impregnant either in blends with coal tar pitch or by itself.
• pitch-impregnated fiber pipe Another desirable property of pitch-impregnated fiber pipe would be a surface color other than the black color imparted by the pitch. Creating a colored effect with sprayed coatings has been attempted in the past, but with little success. The solubility of pitch in the paint vehicle has always created unattractive blotching cuted friction requires less effort to pull bundles of cable through the pipe conduit.
• An object of this invention is to make a porous article which is at least partially impregnated with an impregnant and has a surface film of impregnant containing at least partially dispersed aluminum pigment therein. Another object of this invention is to provide a method of making such an article. Another object of this invention is to make a pitch-impregnated fiber pipe having improved resistance to attack by moisture and to weathering. Another object of this invention is to enable the increased use of petroleum pitch either alone or in combination with other pitches as an impregnant for fiber pipe. Another object of this invention is to provide a method of making a pitchimpregnated fiber pipe having a uniform metallic surface. Still another object of this invention is to make available a pitch-impregnated fiber pipe having uniform metallic interior surfaces which offer reduced friction resistance.
• this invention comprises: the process of impregnating porous articles with an impregnant containing suspended aluminum particles; the article so impregnated having a surface-coating of impregnant containing suspended aluminum; and the impregnant material itself.
• bituminous impregnated fiber pipe is prepared by impregnating porous tubular forms with pitch containing suspended particulated aluminum therein.
• the fiber pipe is impregnated with an unoxidized petroleum pitch containing a suspended leafing aluminum pigment.
• the article to be impregnated such as a building board, brick, ceramic body, roofing felt, or fiber tube, must be sufficiently permeable to enable penetration of the impregnant when the latter is applied to the surface.
• the article further must be stable at the temperature of impregnation.
• the impregnant (the impregnating material) should have a low viscosity at the impregnating temperature to enable sufficient penetration into the article being treated.
• the impregnant material must, however, be reasonably hard at ambient service temperatures.
• the quantity of suspended matter that can be tolerated in the impregnant material will depend upon the article to be treated (its nature, porosity, and wall thickness), the particle size of the suspended material, viscosity of the impregnant fluid, and the method of impregnation. Test methods of determining filterables present in impregnant materials are known in the prior art. Other properties desirable in the impregnating material, particularly if high temperatures and vacuums are used, are limits on the content of low boiling volatile materials, flash and fire point, and toxicity. A number of bituminous materials meeting these requirements are available including coal tar and petroleum pitches.
• any commercially available aluminum pigment can be used in this invention.
• the system of grading and classification of aluminum powders and paste varies according to the individual manufacturer.
• One of the most commonly accepted classifications of aluminum pastes and powders is that of The American Society for Testing Materials. This ASTM classification is as follows:
• any of the methods presently used in the art can be employed. These include simple soaking in an open tank over a period of time, pressure saturation, vacuum saturation, and combined pressure and vacuum saturation. This last method is a preferred method and is more fully discussed in a following portion of the description.
• a more specific embodiment of this invention is the manufacture of bituminous impregnated fiber pipe in which fibrous tubes are impregnated with a pitch impregnant containing suspended aluminum pigment therein.
• the fibrous tubes to be impregnated are of the kind presently used in conventional fiber pipe manufacturing. As discussed previously, they are made by winding a wet web of cellulose pulp on a mandrel to the desired wall thickness and then drying the tube either before or after it had been removed from the mandrel. The technique of forming these dried paper tubes is well known in the art and is discussed briefly in US. Pat. Nos. 1,803,409; 1,854,230; and 1,860,674.
• the pitches commercially available for manufacturingbituminous fiber pipe include coal tar pitch and petroleum pitch.
• Petroleum pitch at least for the purposes of describing this invention, may be either oxidized petroleum pitch or unoxidized petroleum pitch. Oxidized petroleum pitch is familiar to those skilled in the art, and is derived by air blowing certain petroleum refinery flow streams to obtain a desired pitch product.
• Unoxidized petroleum pitch can be further characterized as unmodified thermal petroleum pitch. These pitches remain rigid at temperatures closely approaching their melting points.
• the preferred procedure for preparing the unoxidized petroleum pitch uses as startcracking is not sufficiently severe to remove substan- 1 tially all paraffins from the slurry oil orcycle oil, they may be extracted with furfural. In either case, the resultant starting material is a highly aromatic oil boiling at about 700 to 850F. This oil is thermally cracked at elevated temperatures and pressures for a time sufficient to produce a thermally cracked petroleum pitch with a softening point of about 150 to about 210F.
• the manufacture of unoxidized petroleum pitches is described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,768,119 and 3,140,248.
• Table 11 presents comparative properties of four unoxito the fact that certain metallic pigments occur in the form of thin flakes.
• the thin flakes float and concentrate at the surface of the paint film where they overlap each other.
• Aluminum powder is treated with a leafing agent such as stearic acid to render it leafing, as well as to reduce the hazard of explosion.
• Leafing aluminum pigment can be prepared by grinding aluminum in a ball mill in the presence of mineral spirits or similar solvents. The mixture is then filtered to yield an aluminum paste.
• a typical leafing aluminum pigment available commercially in paste form has the compositions shown in Table 111.
• the amount of aluminum powder or paste pigment added to the pitch impregnant will, of course, vary. The minimum amount will be that required to achieve a desired level of resistance in the finished product to moisture or weathering. The maximum amount will be determined by the economics of the process and the possibility of uneven penetration of pitch if too much filterable aluminum pigment is suspended in the pitch lmpregnant. Ranges of 0.1 to 1.4 or preferably 0.3 to 0.7 of aluminum pigment in a mixture of pitch and aluminum can be used. These values for the aluminum concentration are based on aluminum alone and do not include any additional solvents or stabilizing materiais which may be present. The ranges given are not restrictive. Less or greater concentrations of aluminum can be added.
• leafing-type aluminum pigment is used in combination with an unoxidized (thermal) petroleum pitch.
• the term leafing 18 well known to those in the art and is defined in Federal Test Method Standard No. 141.
• Leafing refers Moisture content 0.1% maximum Solvent present Mineral Spirits Bulking Value 0.080 al. per lb. Weight per Solid Gallon 12.45 bs.
• the aluminum pigment has been supplied in paste form with a liquid carrier, the paste can be manually added to the mass of molten pitch and the mixture agitated by stirring or circulation.
• the temperature of the aluminum powderpitch mixture can be in the range of 275 to 375F. This temperature will, of course, vary depending upon the properties of the particular pitch.
• the step of impregnating the dry paper tubes can be perfonned in any manner which will force the pitch into the pores and interstices of the paper tubes.
• a preferred method is one wherein the paper tubes are placed in a pressure vessel and subjected to a vacuum for a number of minutes. The molten aluminum powder-pitch mixture is then pumped into the pressure vessel until the tubes are submerged. The molten mixture is circulated for a period of minutes to insure an even distribution of pitch and aluminum. The pressure final impregnant composition. The outside diameter of the pipe was 4 7/16 inches and the wall thickness was one-fourth inch. Samples of each specimen were then tested. In the copending parent application, data from tests having less relevance was included in the test results reported. Only the data from those tests deemed most relevant are included in this specification and are as follows:
• U0 indicates unoxidized petroleum pitchv Dry sample immersed in water and loaded at 1000 psi fiber stress for 336 hours (two weeks).
• m Percentage weight gain 01' original weight after 48 hours submersion in water at 70F and atmospheric pressure. Percentage weight gain of original weight after 200 hours submersion in water at 70F and atmospheric pressure.
• a process for manufacturing a pitch-impregnated fiber pipe having a metallic-colored surface comprisa. forming a tabular body of interfelted fibrous material;
• a process for manufacturing a pitch-impregnated fiber pipe having a metallic-colored surface comprisa. forming a tubular body of interfelted fibrous material;

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Working-Up Tar And Pitch (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Priority Applications (10)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Parent Applications (1)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (12)

• 1972
  • 1972-08-02 US US277290A patent/US3928680A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1972-11-25 IN IN1992/72A patent/IN138970B/en unknown
  • 1972-11-27 AU AU49334/72A patent/AU451613B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-12-18 CA CA159,271A patent/CA986257A/en not_active Expired
• 1973
  • 1973-01-30 FR FR7303257A patent/FR2171746A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1973-01-31 GB GB493873A patent/GB1425951A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-01-31 GB GB3595475A patent/GB1425952A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-02-05 JP JP48013890A patent/JPS4891116A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (12)

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