US3927529A - Multi-cylinder double-acting stirling cycle engines - Google Patents

Multi-cylinder double-acting stirling cycle engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3927529A
US3927529A US493390A US49339074A US3927529A US 3927529 A US3927529 A US 3927529A US 493390 A US493390 A US 493390A US 49339074 A US49339074 A US 49339074A US 3927529 A US3927529 A US 3927529A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
cavity
space
gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US493390A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sven Anders Samuel Hakansson
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United Stirling AB and Co
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United Stirling AB and Co
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Assigned to UNITED STIRLING AB., A CORP. OF SWEDEN reassignment UNITED STIRLING AB., A CORP. OF SWEDEN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: KOMMANDIT BOLAGET UNITED STIRLING (SWEDEN) AB & CO.
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2244/00—Machines having two pistons
    • F02G2244/50—Double acting piston machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2253/00—Seals
    • F02G2253/02—Reciprocating piston seals

Definitions

  • a piston In' a Stirling cycle engine, a piston is provided with an internal cavity having a volume greater than the swept volume of the cylinder and a passage connecting into the cavity from a space located in a position between two piston rings about the piston. A groove about each of the two piston rings works as non-return valves ensuring minimum cycle'pressure inside the piston cavity.
  • each cylinder contains a piston which separates a low-temperature working space from a high temperature working space in the cylinder and each piston separates from each other two different charges of workin g gas operating in respective working cycles.
  • each piston having at least two axially spaced piston rings.
  • the mean effective pressure is higher than that obtained during the cycles of the other working gas charges.
  • a higher mean effective pressure results in a higher output from one or more of the cylinders, and thus there is an uneven power distribution among the cylinders of the engine.
  • the governing of the engine total power output must be based upon the output from that one of the engine cylinders having the largest power output, and consequently an uneven power distribution will result in a decrease of the total output of the engine.
  • each piston is provided with a cavity havinga volume greater than the swept volume of the cylinder and with at least one passage connecting said cavity at the outer surface of the piston to a space between said two piston rings.
  • the said space will be of very small volume if, as is usual, the periphery of the piston is very close to the cylinder wall.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a known type of Stirling engine
  • FIG. 2 shows to a larger scale a part of an engine according to the present invention.
  • the engine shown in FIG. 1 is of the kind defined and comprises four cylinders 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 each accommodating a reciprocating respective piston 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 provided with a respective piston rod 9 or 10 or 1 1 or 12.
  • Each piston 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 divides the respective cylinder 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 in which it is arranged into two chambers of variable volumes an upper chamber and a lower chamber.
  • the upper chamber 13 of the cylinder 2 is connected with the lower chamber 14 of the cylinder 1.
  • the upper chamber 15, 17 and 19 of the cylinders 3, 4 and 1 are connected with the lower chambers 16, 18 and 20 of the cylinders 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
  • the connections are established through pipes and units 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 each including a regenerator and a cooler.
  • the upper chambers 13, 15, 17 and 19 are heated by heating devices 2 (not shown) and are thus kept at a high temperature level.
  • the lower chambers 14, l6, l8 and 20 are kept at a low temperature level due to the coolers in the units 21 or 22 or 23 or 24.
  • the volume variations of each of the upper chambers at the high temperature level are synchronous with but phased degrees in advance of the volume variations of the lower chamber with which it is connected.
  • the engine shown will contain four separate working gas charges, the separation being effected by the pistons.
  • the working gas is hydrogen or helium at a high pressure which during operation will vary, for example, between 225 and bars.
  • the lower chambers 14, 16, 18, 20 are connected to a pipe 25 through a passage containing a non-return valve allowing flow of gas only in the direction into the respective lower chamber.
  • a non-return valve 26 between the chamber 20 and the pipe 25 has a reference numeral.
  • the lower chambers l4, 16, 18 and 20 are also connected to individual pipes 27, 28, 29 and 30 respectively through non-return valves allowing flow of gas only in the direction out of the lower chambers. Only the valve 31 governing the passage between the chamber 20 and the pipe 30 has a reference numeral.
  • the pressure prevailing in the pipe 25 is the minimum working cycle pressure which occurs in the lower chambers 14 and 16 and 18 and 20, whereas the pressure prevailing in the pipe 27-28-29-30 is the maximum working cycle pressure which occurs in the said lower chambers.
  • a valve 32 may be used for supplying gas to the engine from a source not shown.
  • a valve 33 may be used for dumping gas from the engine into a reservoir or to atmosphere.
  • FIG. 2 shows one of the cylinders and its piston to a larger scale and in more detail.
  • the piston in FIG. 2 comprises a bottom part 34 connected to a piston rod 35 and a dome 36 enclosing a cavity 37 having a volume exceeding the swept volume of the cylinder.
  • Two piston rings 38 and 39 are axially spaced and with the piston serve to seal the upper part of the cylinder from the lower part of the cylinder.
  • Several bores 40 (two of which are shown) connect the cavity 37 with the space limited by the two piston rings 38 and 39 and the walls of the piston and the cylinder.
  • a groove 41 is provided at the upper side of the annular recess receiving the piston ring 38.
  • a groove 42 is provided at the lower side of the annular recess receiving the piston ring 39.
  • the two grooves 41 and 42 will act as non-return valves ensuring that minimum cycle pressure prevails inside the dome 36. If one of the rings 38 or 39 allows Q leak of gas into the cavity 37 in the dome the same Piston ring will allow flow of gas from the interior of the dome (now containing gas at a somewhat higher pr1ure) back into the working charge during the following piston stroke.
  • each cylinder contains a piston which separates a low temperature working space from a high temperature working space in the cylinder and each piston separates from each other two different charges of working gas operating in respective working cycles by means of at least two axially spaced piston rings and having working gas conveyance means connected to each said cylinder with working gas therein maintained at minimum cycle pressure, characterized in that each piston is provided with a cavity having a volume greater than the swept volume of the cylinder for receiving therein said working gas that may leak through one of said piston rings into the space between said two piston rings, at least one passage defined in said piston connecting said cavity at the outer surface of the piston to the space between said two piston rings thereby to permit entry of leakage gas into said cavity, and means permitting passage of working gas from said space between said two piston rings into said two charges for thereby maintaining said minimum cycle pressure in said cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US493390A 1973-08-22 1974-07-31 Multi-cylinder double-acting stirling cycle engines Expired - Lifetime US3927529A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3969473A GB1389988A (en) 1973-08-22 1973-08-22 Multi-cylinder double-acting stirling cycle engines

Publications (1)

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US3927529A true US3927529A (en) 1975-12-23

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US493390A Expired - Lifetime US3927529A (en) 1973-08-22 1974-07-31 Multi-cylinder double-acting stirling cycle engines

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3927529A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS558662B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2440352A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1389988A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4417444A (en) * 1981-10-05 1983-11-29 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Stirling cycle engine
US4452042A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-06-05 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Piston rod seal
US4462601A (en) * 1980-02-21 1984-07-31 Skoog Knut A Piston-cylinder sealing device
US4616479A (en) * 1985-11-26 1986-10-14 Goethberg Yngve R Power control system for a double-acting hot gas engine
US20100199659A1 (en) * 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Stefan Johansson Piston Assembly for a Stirling Engine
ES2595936A1 (es) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-03 Cs Centro Stirling, S.Coop. Máquina Stirling
CN108979897A (zh) * 2017-12-26 2018-12-11 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 多缸斯特林发动机传动系统
CN111810314A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-23 杭州英洛威能源技术有限公司 一种斯特林发动机结构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2942316A1 (de) * 1979-10-19 1981-04-30 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Doppeltwirkender mehrzylindriger stirlingmotor
JPS5896147A (ja) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-08 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd スタ−リングサイクル機関

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364675A (en) * 1966-08-25 1968-01-23 Gen Motors Corp Method and means for relating pressures in buffer and working spaces of a hot gas engine
US3546877A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-12-15 Philips Corp Hot-gas piston engine
US3733837A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-05-22 British Oxygen Co Ltd Thermodynamic reciprocating machine
US3793836A (en) * 1971-05-04 1974-02-26 Philips Corp Thermodynamic reciprocating machine comprising a compressor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3364675A (en) * 1966-08-25 1968-01-23 Gen Motors Corp Method and means for relating pressures in buffer and working spaces of a hot gas engine
US3546877A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-12-15 Philips Corp Hot-gas piston engine
US3733837A (en) * 1970-11-18 1973-05-22 British Oxygen Co Ltd Thermodynamic reciprocating machine
US3793836A (en) * 1971-05-04 1974-02-26 Philips Corp Thermodynamic reciprocating machine comprising a compressor

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4462601A (en) * 1980-02-21 1984-07-31 Skoog Knut A Piston-cylinder sealing device
US4417444A (en) * 1981-10-05 1983-11-29 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Stirling cycle engine
US4452042A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-06-05 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Piston rod seal
US4616479A (en) * 1985-11-26 1986-10-14 Goethberg Yngve R Power control system for a double-acting hot gas engine
US20100199659A1 (en) * 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Stefan Johansson Piston Assembly for a Stirling Engine
ES2595936A1 (es) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-03 Cs Centro Stirling, S.Coop. Máquina Stirling
CN108979897A (zh) * 2017-12-26 2018-12-11 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 多缸斯特林发动机传动系统
CN111810314A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-23 杭州英洛威能源技术有限公司 一种斯特林发动机结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5049538A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-02
GB1389988A (en) 1975-04-09
JPS558662B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-03-05
DE2440352A1 (de) 1975-03-06

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: UNITED STIRLING AB., BOX 856 S-201 80 MALMO, SWEDE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KOMMANDIT BOLAGET UNITED STIRLING (SWEDEN) AB & CO.;REEL/FRAME:004106/0501

Effective date: 19821027