US3924564A - Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser - Google Patents

Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser Download PDF

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Publication number
US3924564A
US3924564A US540731A US54073175A US3924564A US 3924564 A US3924564 A US 3924564A US 540731 A US540731 A US 540731A US 54073175 A US54073175 A US 54073175A US 3924564 A US3924564 A US 3924564A
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United States
Prior art keywords
release material
fuser
recited
frame
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US540731A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ari Bar-On
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xerox Corp
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Xerox Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xerox Corp filed Critical Xerox Corp
Priority to US540731A priority Critical patent/US3924564A/en
Priority to GB43159/75A priority patent/GB1519817A/en
Priority to CA239,727A priority patent/CA1072172A/en
Priority to DE19752552885 priority patent/DE2552885A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3924564A publication Critical patent/US3924564A/en
Priority to FR7539448A priority patent/FR2297449A1/fr
Priority to NL7515026A priority patent/NL7515026A/xx
Priority to JP51001078A priority patent/JPS594702B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
    • G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
    • G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
    • G03G15/2017—Structural details of the fixing unit in general, e.g. cooling means, heat shielding means
    • G03G15/2025—Structural details of the fixing unit in general, e.g. cooling means, heat shielding means with special means for lubricating and/or cleaning the fixing unit, e.g. applying offset preventing fluid

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to an electrostatographic printing machine, and more particularly concerns an apparatus for periodically dispensing release material to a heated fuser member.
  • Electrophotographic printing and electrographic printing are versions of electrostatographic printing.
  • a photoconductive member is charged to a substantially uniform level.
  • a light image of an original document irradiates the charged photoconductive member dissipating the charge in accordance with the intensity thereof. This records an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductive member corresponding to the original document being reproduced.
  • Electrographic printing differs from electrophotographic printing in that neither a photoconductive member nor a light image are required to create a latent image of the original document.
  • heat settable particles are employed in both of the foregoing processes to develop the latent image. Heat is applied to these particles permanently affixing them to the sheet of support material.
  • the sheet of support material with the particles thereon pass between a pair of opposed rollers. At least one of these rollers is heated.
  • the heated fuser roller has the outer surface thereof covered with polytetrafluoroethylene, commonly known as Teflon', to which a release agent such as silicone oil is supplied.
  • Teflon' polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the Teflon layer has a thickness of about several mils with the thickness of oil being less than one micron.
  • Silicone based oil which possess a relatively low surface energy, has been found to be useful for heated fuser rolls having an outer surface of Teflon.
  • a thin layer of silicone oil is applied to the surface of the heated roller to form an interface between the roll surface and powdered image carried on the sheet of support material.
  • the low surface energy of this layer prevents the particles from transferring to the roller rather than remaining adhered to the sheet of support material. In this manner, the particles are permanently affixed to the sheet of support material.
  • An alternate approach employs a bare metal heated roller having low molecular weight polyethylene applied thereto as a release agent.
  • This release agent is generally a solid at room temperature.
  • the release agent has been maintained in a sump adjacent the heated fuser roller. As the fuser roller reaches its operating temperature, the release agent melts.
  • an apparatus for dispensing a release material to a heated fuser member The heated fuser member is operatively associated with a back up member. A sheet of support material having particles thereon passes between back up member and fuser member. The particles on the sheet of support material contact the heated fuser member.
  • means are provided for applying release material to the fuser member. Furthermore, means move the applying means into and out of engagement with the fuser member. In this manner, release material is periodically applied to the fuser member.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic elevational view of an electrophotographic printing machine incorporating the features of the present invention therein;v
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view of one embodiment of a release material dispenser employed in the FIG. 1 printing machine fuser;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematical elevational view of another embodiment of a release material dispenser employed in the FIG. 1 printing machine fuser.
  • FIG. 1 depicts schematically the various components thereof.
  • like reference numerals will be employed throughout to designate like elements.
  • the apparatus for dispensing the release material to a fusing member employed in the electrophotographic printing machine of FIG. 1 is particularly well adapted for use therein, it should become evident from the following discussion that it is equally well suited for use in a wide variety of devices and is not necessarily limited in its application to the particular embodiment shown herein.
  • FIG. 1 schematically by the reference letters A through F, inclusive.
  • a drum having a photoconductive surface 12 entrained about and secured to the exterior circumferential surface thereof is rotated, in the direction of arrow 14, through the various processing stations.
  • photoconductive surface 12 is made from a selenium alloy.
  • drum 10 rotates photoconductive surface 12 through charging station A.
  • a corona generating device indicated generally at 16, sensitizes photoconductive surface 12.
  • Corona generating device 16 is positioned closely adjacent to photoconductive surface 12.
  • photoconductive surface 12 is charged to a relatively high substantially uniform potential.
  • One type of suitable corona generating device is described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,836,725 issued to Vyverberg in 195 8.
  • Exposure station B includes an exposure mechanism, indicated generally by the reference numeral 18, having a stationary housing for supporting an original document thereon.
  • the housing comprises a transparent platen such as a glass plate or the like having the original document disposed thereon. Lamps illuminate the original document. Scanning of the original document may be achieved by oscillating a mirror in a timed relationship with the movement of drum 10. The light image of the original document is reflected through a lens into another mirror which, in turn, transmits the light image through a slit onto the charged portion of photoconductive surface 12. Irradiation of the charged photoconductive surface 12 dissipates the charge thereon recording an electrostatic latent image thereon corresponding to the original document.
  • drum 10 rotates the electrostatic latent image recorded on photoconductive surface 12 to development station C.
  • Development station C includes a developer unit 20 having a housing with a supply of developer mix therein.
  • the developer mix comprises carrier granules with toner particles adhering thereto.
  • the carrier granules are formed from magnetic material with the toner particles being a heat settable plastic.
  • Developer unit 20 is, preferably, a magnetic brush development system. In such a system, the developer mix is brought through a directional flux field to form a brush thereof. The brush of developer mix contacts the electrostatic latent image recorded on photoconductive surface 12. The latent image attracts electrostatically the toner particles from the carrier granules forming a toner powder image on photoconductive surface 12.
  • Sheet feeding apparatus 22 includes a feed roll 24 contacting the uppermost sheet of the stack of sheets of support material 26.
  • Feed roll 24 rotates in the direction of arrow 28 to advance the uppermost sheet from stack 26.
  • Registration rolls 30, rotating in the direction of arrow 32 align and forward the advancing sheet of support material into chute 34.
  • Chute 34 directs the advancing sheet of support material into contact with photoconductive surface 12 in re- 4 gistration with the toner powder image developed thereon. In this manner, the sheet of supportmaterial is positioned to receive the toner powder image from photoconductive surface 12 at transfer station D.
  • Transfer station D includes a corona generating device 36 adapted to apply a spray of ions onto the side of the sheet of support material opposed from photoconductive surface 12. The toner powder image adhering to photoconductive surface 12 is then attracted therefrom to the sheet of support material in contact therewith. After transferring the toner powder image to the sheet of support material, the sheet of support material is advanced to fusing station E.
  • Endless belt conveyor 38 advances the sheet of support material with the toner powder image adhering thereon to fusing station E.
  • Fusing station Ein cludes a fuser assembly, indicated generally by the reference numeral 40.
  • Fuser assembly 40 heats the transferred toner powder image permanently affixing it to the sheet of support material.
  • Fuser assembly 40 includes a heated fuser member or roll, shown generally at 42 and a backup member or roll indicated generally by the reference numeral 44.
  • the sheet of support material with the toner powder image thereon is interposed between fuser roll 42 and backup roll 44 with the toner powder image contacting fuser roll 42.
  • Dispenser 45 periodically applies release material to fuser roll 42.
  • Blade 46 adjusts the thickness of the release material layer coating fuser roll 42.
  • fuser assembly 40 The detailed structural configuration of fuser assembly 40 will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. After the toner powder image is permanently affixed to the sheet of support material, the sheet of support material is advanced by a series of rollers 48 to catch tray 50 for subsequent removal therefrom by the machine operator.
  • Cleaning station F includes a cleaning mechanism, designated generally by the reference numeral 51.
  • Cleaning mechanism 51 includes a corona generating device and a brush. Initially, toner particles are brought under the influence of the corona generating device to neutralize the remaining electrostatic charge on photoconductive surface 12 and the residual toner particles. The neutralized toner particles are cleaned from photoconductive surface 12 by the rotatably mounted fibrous brush in contact therewith. Subsequent to cleaning, a discharge lamp floods photoconductive surface 12 with light to dissipate any residual charge thereon. In this manner, the charge on photoconductive surface 12 is returned to the initial level prior to recharging photoconductive surface l2-for the next successive imaging cycle.
  • FIG. 2 depicts one em- 2 bodiment of dispensing apparatus 45 associated with fuser assembly 40.
  • backup roll 44 is mounted rotatably on a pair of brackets secured to the channel shaped base by means of a right angle bracket. As shown, backup roll 44 is adapted to rotate in the direction of arrow 54.
  • backup roll 44 includes a rigid steel core or shaft 56 having a Viton elastomeric surface or layer 58 disposed thereover and affixed thereto.
  • backup roll 44 has an overall dimension of approximately 1.55 inches with a 0.1 inch cover or layer of Viton or other suitable high temperature elastomeric material, for example, fluorosilicone or silicone rubber. Backup roll 44 is preferably /2 inches long to accommodate various widths of support material.
  • a pair of brackets having a generally E-shaped configuration are provided for mounting fuser roll 42 rotatably in fuser assembly 40.
  • a pair of ball bearings one in each of the support brackets, are provided.
  • the bearings are retained in the brackets by means of retaining rings.
  • a pair of end caps are secured to a hollow cylinder or core 60 forming a part of fuser roll 42.
  • the end caps have reduced end portions so as to be mounted in the bearings permitting fuser roll 42 to rotate in the direction of arrow 62.
  • a heating element 64 is supported internally of cylinder 60 for providing thermal energy to cylinder 60 to the operating temperature thereof.
  • Heating element 64 employs a suitable type of heater for elevating the surface temperature of cylinder 60 to operational temperature, i.e., 285F to 295F.
  • heating element 64 may include a quartz enevelope having a tungsten resistance heating element disposed therein.
  • cylinder 60 is fabricated from any suitable material capable of efficiently conducting the heat to the external surface thereof.
  • suitable materials are aluminum and alloys thereof, steel, stainless steel, nickel and nickel alloys thereof, nickel plated copper, chromium plated copper, copper and alloys thereof.
  • the resultant fuser roll 42 has an outside diameter preferably of about 1.5 inches with the length thereof about equal to that of backup roll 44.
  • fuser roll 42 requires about 420 watts peak power .with the average power being about 320 watts, and about 100 watts being provided for standby operation.
  • Heating element 64 is supported internally of cylinder 60 by a pair of spring supports which are mounted in an insulator block secured to support brackets. The free ends of the spring supporting the heating elements are provided with a locating ball while the opposite end of the spring is disposed in contact with an electrical terminal to which electrical wires may be attached for applying electrical energy to heating element 64.
  • the insulator blocks can be secured to the support brackets in any suitable manner, for example by screws.
  • the spring supports and terminals are, preferably riveted to the insulating block.
  • the material is, preferably, a low molecular weight substance which is a solid at room temperature and has a relatively low viscosity at the operating temperature cylinder 60.
  • An example of such a material is polyethylene manufactured by Allied Chemical Company and having a designation AC-8 homopolymer. The foregoing polyethylene is employed in dispenser 45. As shown in FIG.
  • dispenser 45 includes a supply spool 66 mounted rotatably on a frame secured to the electrophotographic machine. Take-up spool 68 is also mounted rotatably on the frame and is spaced from supply spool 66.
  • a web of flexible material 70 is entrained about supply spool 66 and has the leading edge thereof secured to take-up spool 68.
  • a layer of polyethylene material is coated on the surface of flexible material 78 opposed from fuser roll 42. In the operative position, the layer of polyethylene material coating web 78 contacts fuser roll 42. Web 78 is articulated so as to move periodically into and out of engagement with fuser roll 42.
  • An indexing motor operatively associated with take-up spool 68 intermittently advances flexible material 78 so as to position new portions of the polyethylene coating opposed from the surface thereof having the polyethylene coating.
  • Rod 80 is reciprocated to move the polyethylene coating on web 78 into and out of contact with fuser roll 42. Articulation of rod 80 is achieved by a bell crank mechanism 82 associated with drive motor 84.
  • rod 80 may articulate at about two revolutions per minute, thereby moving the polyethylene coating on flexible material 78 into and out of contact with fuser roll 42 two times per minute.
  • Blade 46 adjusts the thickness of the release material layer coating fuser roll 42 so as to maintain a prescribed thickness thereof.
  • the detailed structural configuration of blade 46 is described in co-pending application Ser. No. 540,732, filed Jan. 13, 1975, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated into the present application.
  • fuser roll 42 is operatively associated with backup roll 44 and includes blade 46 adapted to adjust the thickness of the release material layer applied thereto.
  • Housing 70 defining an open ended compartment having a bar of polyethylene material 72 disposed therein, is mounted slidably in frame 74 secured to the electrophotographic printing machine.
  • Drive motor 84 associated with bell crank mechanism 82 reciprocates housing 70 in the direction of arrow 76.
  • polyethylene bar 78 melts on contact with heat fuser roll 42 and forms a layer of release material on the outer surface thereof.
  • the thickness of the layer is adjusted by blade 46.
  • a layer of less than one micron thick is preferably applied thereto.
  • the dispensing apparatus includes a release material dispenser adapted to reciprocate into and out of engagement with a heated fuser roll.
  • the fuser roll is periodically coated with a layer of release material.
  • the thickness of the release material layer is regulated by a blade in contact therewith.
  • an apparatus for dispensing release material to a fuser roll employed in an elec'trophotographic printing machine in accordance with the present invention, an apparatus for dispensing release material to a fuser roll employed in an elec'trophotographic printing machine.
  • the apparatus of the present invention fully satisfies the objects, aims and advantages hereinbefore set forth. While this invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, it is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within thespirit and broad scope of the appended claims.
  • a take-upspool spaced from said supply spool and mounted rotatably on said frame; and s a web of flexible material entrained about said takeup spool and said supply spool, said web having a layer of release material adhering to one surface thereof.
  • an apparatus as recited in claim 3 wherein saidapplying means further includes means for indexing said take-up spool to periodically advance saidweb from said supply spool'positioning fresh release material in the region opposed from said fuser member.
  • a rod mounted slidably on said frame and engaging the'other surface of said web-,- and 1 means for reciprocating said rod to move said web from an inoperativeposition spaced from the fuser member to an operative position in contact therewith and for returning said rod to the inoperative position.
  • said housing being mounted, movably on said frame;
  • abar of release material disposed in the chamber of said housing with a portion thereof extending out- 8 wardly from the open end of the chamber of said housing.
  • a fusing apparatus employed in an electrostatographic printing machine for permanently affixing toner particles to a sheet of support material including:
  • a heated fuser roll i a backup roll operatively associated with said fuser roll to enable the sheet of support material to pass therebetween with the toner particles contacting said fuser roll;
  • An apparatus as recited in claim 8 further including a blade member contacting said fuser roll to adjust the thickness of the release material layer applied thereto.
  • a supply spool mounted rotatably on said frame
  • a take-up spool spaced from said supply spool and mounted rotatably on said frame;
  • a housing having an open ended chamber therein, saidhousing being mounted movable on said frame;
  • a bar of release material disposed in the chamber of said housing'with a portion thereof extending outwardly from the open end of the chamber of said housing.
  • said moving means includes means for reciprocating said housing to move said bar of release material from an inoperative position spaced from said fuser roll to an operative position in contact therewith and for returning said bar of release material to the inoperative position.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
US540731A 1975-01-13 1975-01-13 Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser Expired - Lifetime US3924564A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US540731A US3924564A (en) 1975-01-13 1975-01-13 Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser
GB43159/75A GB1519817A (en) 1975-01-13 1975-10-21 Fusing apparatus
CA239,727A CA1072172A (en) 1975-01-13 1975-11-12 Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser
DE19752552885 DE2552885A1 (de) 1975-01-13 1975-11-25 Vorrichtung zum aufbringen eines antihaftmittels auf blattfoermiges material
FR7539448A FR2297449A1 (fr) 1975-01-13 1975-12-23 Dispositif de distribution de matiere anti-adhesive pour appareil de cuisson, notamment pour machine electrostatographique
NL7515026A NL7515026A (nl) 1975-01-13 1975-12-23 Fixeerinrichting met een gelede, lossend materiaal toevoerende inrichting.
JP51001078A JPS594702B2 (ja) 1975-01-13 1976-01-06 剥離剤付与装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US540731A US3924564A (en) 1975-01-13 1975-01-13 Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser

Publications (1)

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US3924564A true US3924564A (en) 1975-12-09

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US540731A Expired - Lifetime US3924564A (en) 1975-01-13 1975-01-13 Fusing apparatus having an articulated release material dispenser

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US (1) US3924564A (xx)
JP (1) JPS594702B2 (xx)
CA (1) CA1072172A (xx)
DE (1) DE2552885A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2297449A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1519817A (xx)
NL (1) NL7515026A (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4079229A (en) * 1977-02-22 1978-03-14 Rank Xerox Ltd. Contacting and heating fixing apparatus
US4378752A (en) * 1977-04-20 1983-04-05 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Fixing apparatus
EP0079699A1 (en) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Apparatus for removing toner from and applying offset preventive liquid to a fixing roller
US4408559A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-10-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image fixing device
EP1752836A1 (en) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-14 Eastman Kodak Company Toner fusing device with a supply of fusing oil
US20120058300A1 (en) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-08 Xerox Corporation Fuser manufacture and apparatus

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2703382C3 (de) * 1977-01-27 1979-07-19 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Vorrichtung zur Zuführung von Trennflüssigkeit zur Oberfläche einer Fixierwalze
JPH0679189B2 (ja) * 1982-04-20 1994-10-05 キヤノン株式会社 ウエブクリ−ニング装置
JPS5973760U (ja) * 1982-11-05 1984-05-18 キヤノン株式会社 定着装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2284590A (en) * 1941-01-15 1942-05-26 Polaroid Corp Apparatus and method for forming plastic film
US2313891A (en) * 1943-03-16 Izing material to curved surfaces
US3103459A (en) * 1963-09-10 Paperboard corrugating medium treatment
US3130933A (en) * 1960-12-15 1964-04-28 Ampex Magnetic tape apparatus
US3637976A (en) * 1969-06-14 1972-01-25 Ricoh Kk Fixing device of toner images
US3861863A (en) * 1973-12-19 1975-01-21 Ibm Fusing apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2313891A (en) * 1943-03-16 Izing material to curved surfaces
US3103459A (en) * 1963-09-10 Paperboard corrugating medium treatment
US2284590A (en) * 1941-01-15 1942-05-26 Polaroid Corp Apparatus and method for forming plastic film
US3130933A (en) * 1960-12-15 1964-04-28 Ampex Magnetic tape apparatus
US3637976A (en) * 1969-06-14 1972-01-25 Ricoh Kk Fixing device of toner images
US3861863A (en) * 1973-12-19 1975-01-21 Ibm Fusing apparatus

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4079229A (en) * 1977-02-22 1978-03-14 Rank Xerox Ltd. Contacting and heating fixing apparatus
US4378752A (en) * 1977-04-20 1983-04-05 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Fixing apparatus
US4408559A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-10-11 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image fixing device
EP0079699A1 (en) * 1981-11-12 1983-05-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Apparatus for removing toner from and applying offset preventive liquid to a fixing roller
EP1752836A1 (en) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-14 Eastman Kodak Company Toner fusing device with a supply of fusing oil
US20120058300A1 (en) * 2010-09-02 2012-03-08 Xerox Corporation Fuser manufacture and apparatus
US8563116B2 (en) * 2010-09-02 2013-10-22 Xerox Corporation Fuser manufacture and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1072172A (en) 1980-02-19
GB1519817A (en) 1978-08-02
DE2552885A1 (de) 1976-07-15
FR2297449B1 (xx) 1980-04-30
NL7515026A (nl) 1976-03-31
FR2297449A1 (fr) 1976-08-06
JPS5194237A (xx) 1976-08-18
JPS594702B2 (ja) 1984-01-31

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