US3924310A - Strand treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Strand treatment apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3924310A
US3924310A US258328A US25832872A US3924310A US 3924310 A US3924310 A US 3924310A US 258328 A US258328 A US 258328A US 25832872 A US25832872 A US 25832872A US 3924310 A US3924310 A US 3924310A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
strand
chamber
textile
jet device
crimped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US258328A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert K Stanley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Textured Yarn Co Inc
Original Assignee
Textured Yarn Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1783018A external-priority patent/DE1783018C3/de
Priority to NL7200110A priority Critical patent/NL7200110A/xx
Application filed by Textured Yarn Co Inc filed Critical Textured Yarn Co Inc
Priority to US258328A priority patent/US3924310A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3924310A publication Critical patent/US3924310A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/10—Shape or construction of jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/12—Mills with non-rotating spiked members
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C25C3/12—Anodes
    • C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Textile strands are compressively crimped by propelling them lengthwise by a fluid jet into buckling contact with crimped strand accumulated in a rotatable chamber preferably having a foraminous cylindrical strand-supporting surface.
  • the jet preferably has a bore-defining body portion deviating from a straightthrough bore, whereby the starting strand is propelled into the chamber and then substantially parallel to a wall of the chamber at a locus of contact where the strand buckles into crimped configuration against the trailing edge of the strand accumulation thereon.
  • Crimped strand itself accumulates and is supported temporarily on the concave surface and is withdrawn therefrom at the leading edge of the strand accumulation as the chamber rotates.
  • This invention relates to apparatus for treatment of textile strands, as by propelling such a strand lengthwise against strand already accumulated on strand-supporting means and thereby causing the strand to buckle into crimped configuration.
  • a primary object of the present invention is enhanced uniformity of treatment in compressive crimping of textile strands.
  • Another object is compressive crimping of textile strands so as to reduce physical degradation thereof attributable to propulsion, impact, or other handling.
  • a further object is provision of apparatus for accomplishing the foregoing objects.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation, partly diagrammatic, of apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through an apparatus component of FIG. 1 (with strand therein);
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view, partly sectioned and cut away, of another apparatus component (with strand therein) taken at line IIIIII on FIG. 1; and 7 FIG. 4 is a side elevation of the apparatus component shown in FIG. 3 taken at line IVIV on FIG. 1.
  • the objects of the present invention are accomplished, in apparatus for treating textile strands to impart a crimped configuration thereto, by means of a jet device for propelling a crimpable textile strand continuously against' an accumulation of crimped strand in a rotatable chamber having a concave strandsupporting surface to buckle into crimped configuration and accumulate temporarily supported thereon.
  • the rotatable chamber preferably is in the form of a shallow cylinder having a foraminous cylindrical wall and having end walls spaced apart the width of the cylindrical wall, at least one end wall being open along the axis of the cylinder, and at least one wall having means thereon for rotation of the chamber about the axis.
  • the jet device which has a bore for passage of textile strand therethrough, preferably has a boredefining body portion deviating from a straightthrough bore configuration.
  • FIG. 1 shows, partly in elevation and partly schematically, a frame of apparatus useful according to this invention, supporting various components and with path 15 of strand 11 being treated thereby indicated in broken lines.
  • the strand is withdrawn from package 12 thereof on a support at one end of the frame.
  • the strand passes in sequence through guide 13, around idler roll 14, and through the successive nips of metering rolls 17, 17' and 18, 18'.
  • Rolls 17 and 18 are driven by belts 7 and 8 from pulleys (not shown) on shaft 9 of motor 10.
  • From the final roll nip the strand passes via guide 19 to jet 20, shown in greater detail in the next view.
  • the jet is supplied with propulsion fluid, as by pump 5, by way of interconnecting rigid and flexible lines designated generally as 6 and provided with pressure gauge 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows jet 20 on an enlarged scale and sectioned axially lengthwise.
  • the jet has main inlet tube 21, branch inlet tube 22 (shown at an acute angle thereto) threaded at the end, and hardened insert tube 27 extending into the branch tube and retained therein by cap 24 threaded onto the end of that branch tube.
  • Junction tube 23 joins both inlet tubes and terminates in curved outlet end 25. Fluid (indicated by the arrow) enters the main inlet tube and propels strand 11 from the branch inlet tube through the junction tube and the outlet end.
  • the outlet end is substantially parallel to wall 33 of cylindrical chamber 30 at the locus thereon where the exiting strand impinges forcibly against strand accumulation already supported thereby.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show cylindrical chamber 30, enlarged in scale as compared with FIG. 1, in plan (partly cut away) and sectional elevation, respectively.
  • Vertical shaft 31 supports the chamber, being affixed to the lower end or bottom wall 32 thereof.
  • Foraminous cylindrical wall 33 joins the peripheral edge of the bottom wall and the peripheral edge of the upper end or top wall 34, which has central opening 35 therein.
  • Junction tube 23 of jet 20 extends into the shallow cylindrical chamber through the central opening in the top wall, and outlet end 25 thereof lies under the edge of that top wall and along screenlike cylindrical wall 33.
  • Crimped strand accumulation 11' (so designated to distinguish it from original strand, 11) lies against the screenlike foraminous wall and between the adjoining portions of the top and bottom walls of the shallow chamber.
  • cylindrical chamber 30 is rotated by shaft 31 by bevel gearing 39 (only fragmentarily indicated) driven through belt 37 from a drive pulley.
  • Crimped strand 11" (so designated to distinguish it from accumulation 11 thereof in the rotating chamber, as well as from the original strand) is withdrawn through central opening 35 in the top wall and passes about guide 41 and through stabilization chamber 40, which has entrance and exit openings to accommodate it. From the stabilization chamber it proceeds through guide 42, over windup roll 43, which may be slotted appropriately to traverse the strand, and onto package 44 carried on swing arm 45.
  • the swing arm is biased from an alternative (shown in phantom) oblique position, useful for package removal, against stop 46 by weight 47 suspended on cable 48 passing over pulley 49 3 shown).
  • the strand is withdrawn from the package or other suitable source by the metering rolls and forwarded thereby to the fluid jet.
  • Suitable propulsion fluid such as air compressed from the atmosphere, propels the strand through the jet and against strand accumulation supported on the concave interior surface of the screenlike foraminous wall of the cylindrical chamber, the fluid dissipating principally through the apertures therein.
  • the forcible impact of the strand so propelled causes it to buckle into crimped configuration.
  • the crimped strand accumulation lies in the channel formed by the top and bottom walls of the shallow cylindrical chamber and against the rotating cylindrical wall, where it is retained at least in part by centrifugal force.
  • the accumulating crimped strand does not pile up on itself but progresses therealong counter to the direction of rotation.
  • the locus of impact of the strand is always at the trailing edge of such accumulation, while the leading edge thereof is approximately a half circle away, where crimped strand is withdrawn from the accumulation thereof.
  • the windup roll withdraws the crimped strand out from underthe overhanging top wall of the chamber, the locus of withdrawal being determined by the ratio of withdrawal to rotational speed and the ratio of withdrawal speed to the speed at which the untreated strand is metered into the crimping zone, as well as by the crimping characteristics of the strand material and also the fluid pressure and flow rate and volume.
  • the various speed ratios normally are maintained fixed, as suggested by the drive belts shown on a common drive pulley, but suitable provision for adjusting such ratios as may be desirable is readily available in the form of continuously variable drive linkages as well as stepwise variable pairs of pulleys, etc.
  • the speed at which the strand issues from the outlet end of the jet is considerably greater than the rotational speed of the screen at the locus of impact of the issuing strand against the existing strand accumulation, such as at least twice and preferably several times as great.
  • the crimping itself reduces the effective overall length of the strand by a minor fraction in the range of at least about one tenth but less than five tenths, usually between two and three tenths.
  • the windup speed is accordingly less than the supply (or propulsion) speed.
  • the residual excess of supply speed over screen speed causes the strand to accumulate in the illustrated serpentine folds along the screen.
  • the strand to be treated may have been crimped previously by any suitable method, whereupon the present treatment would superimpose a second crimp upon the first.
  • the strand may have been crimped previously by a twist (or falsetwist) method and then be compressively crimped hereby, as suggested with illustration and description together with a conventional compressive or stuffercrimping operation in my U.S. Pat. No. 2,972,798.
  • Draw-crimping is readily accomplished by driving the second set of metering rolls (18, 18') at a sufficiently higher surface speed than the first set (l7, 17'), as in a ratio of 4:1, for example.
  • Thermoplastic textile strands usually may be drawn or crimped (or both) more readily by heating thereof before or at the time of assuming drawn or crimped configuration, as indicated in my aforementioned patents.
  • the strand When draw-crimped, the strand preferably is not allowed to cool intermediately but is maintained at temperature conducive to crimping. Preheating to reach (or continued heating to maintain) a desired strand-treating temperature is readily accomplished.
  • the propulsion fluid used in the jet may be hot air or steam, for example, so as to heat the strand passing therethrough.
  • the strand may be heated similarly by an auxiliary hot fluid applied to the strand after contact with an unheated propulsion fluid. Radiant heating of the strand may be provided between the jet and the shallow cylindrical chamber. Such heating techniques are used especially in the treatment of strands composed of relatively thermal-resistant materials, e.g., glass filaments.
  • Stabilizing the strand in its acquired configuration also customarily involves heat and may involve hot rolls, radiant heating, or treatment with hot fluid (which may be supplied from the same source as the propulsion fluid, if desired), moist or dry, and may involve tension application. See, for example, the heatrelaxation disclosed in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,221,385, and as augmented by a cooling aftertreatment in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,561,082. Selection of suitable heating means, whether for pretreatment or posttreatment (or both) is well within the ability of persons ordinarily skilled in the art, and no such heating means is illustrated or further described here.
  • the present invention is adapted to operation at high speeds, such as upwards of a thousand yards or meters per minute. Such speeds are more readily attainable than in conventional stuffer-box types of compressive crimping because of the readier entry and exit of the strand from the shallow cylindrical chamber disclosed here than possible in the more complete enclosure customarily employed.
  • the resulting crimp level is very even, and no undesirable crimp diminution occurs during windup, which is readily accomplished at relatively low tension.
  • a strand-propelling jet device having a bore for passage of textile strand therethrough, having an inlet end for admitting fluid to propel the strand, and having a curved outlet end for both strand and fluid and thereby deviating from a straightthrough bore configuration, in combination with a cylindrical chamber for receiving and supporting textile strand, the chamber having a foraminous cylindrical wall and having end walls, one end wall being open centrally along the axis of the cylinder and thereby accommodating the jet device positioned with its outlet end between the end walls and fixed substantially parallel thereto and to the cylindrical wall.
  • a rotatable cylindrical chamber for receiving textile strand and retaining it temporarily, a strand-propelling jet device located to deliver a textile strand circumferentially into the chamber, and means for rotating the chamber about its cylinder axis and relative to the jet device, wherein the jet has a bore for passage of textile strand therethrough, an exterior inlet end for the strand and an opening into the bore for admitting fluid to propel the strand, and an interior outlet end for both strand and fluid, and wherein the outlet end is oriented substantially parallel to and spaced from the cylindrical wall of the chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US258328A 1968-09-19 1972-05-31 Strand treatment apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3924310A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7200110A NL7200110A (xx) 1968-09-19 1972-01-05
US258328A US3924310A (en) 1968-09-19 1972-05-31 Strand treatment apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1783018A DE1783018C3 (de) 1968-09-19 1968-09-19 Anlage zum mechanischen Entfernen von Anodenblöcken von den Anodenhalterungen mit anschließender Verkleinerung der Anodenreste
US10920471A 1971-01-25 1971-01-25
NL7200110A NL7200110A (xx) 1968-09-19 1972-01-05
US258328A US3924310A (en) 1968-09-19 1972-05-31 Strand treatment apparatus

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US3924310A true US3924310A (en) 1975-12-09

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Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1296476A (en) * 1917-10-09 1919-03-04 Ad Photoscope Company Inc Motion-pictrue-film magazine.
US1732526A (en) * 1928-05-01 1929-10-22 Mumford Walter Scott Spin pot and actuating mechanism therefor
US1779313A (en) * 1927-04-21 1930-10-21 Courtaulds Ltd Apparatus relating to the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, and the like
US1988490A (en) * 1933-10-26 1935-01-22 Du Pont Rayon Co Bucket motor
US1990617A (en) * 1930-11-01 1935-02-12 Atlas Powder Co Apparatus for simultaneously spinning, twisting, and purifying rayon
US2042529A (en) * 1932-12-13 1936-06-02 Acme Rayon Corp Process of and means for spinning rayon thread
US2198962A (en) * 1936-03-05 1940-04-30 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Manufacture of threads
US2435891A (en) * 1941-06-24 1948-02-10 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for crimping textile fibrous material
US3143784A (en) * 1962-07-05 1964-08-11 Du Pont Process of drawing for bulky yarn
US3146512A (en) * 1960-05-30 1964-09-01 American Enka Corp Crimping apparatus
US3156028A (en) * 1958-06-03 1964-11-10 Du Pont Process for crimping textile yarn
US3212157A (en) * 1961-11-29 1965-10-19 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Yarn crimping apparatus
US3221385A (en) * 1961-05-24 1965-12-07 Techniservice Corp Strand streatment
US3343240A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-09-26 Snia Viscosa Method and apparatus for bulking synthetic fibers
US3438101A (en) * 1966-12-22 1969-04-15 Allied Chem Process and apparatus for texturizing yarn
US3601326A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-08-24 Windings Inc Winding limp flexible material

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1296476A (en) * 1917-10-09 1919-03-04 Ad Photoscope Company Inc Motion-pictrue-film magazine.
US1779313A (en) * 1927-04-21 1930-10-21 Courtaulds Ltd Apparatus relating to the manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, and the like
US1732526A (en) * 1928-05-01 1929-10-22 Mumford Walter Scott Spin pot and actuating mechanism therefor
US1990617A (en) * 1930-11-01 1935-02-12 Atlas Powder Co Apparatus for simultaneously spinning, twisting, and purifying rayon
US2042529A (en) * 1932-12-13 1936-06-02 Acme Rayon Corp Process of and means for spinning rayon thread
US1988490A (en) * 1933-10-26 1935-01-22 Du Pont Rayon Co Bucket motor
US2198962A (en) * 1936-03-05 1940-04-30 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Manufacture of threads
US2435891A (en) * 1941-06-24 1948-02-10 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for crimping textile fibrous material
US3156028A (en) * 1958-06-03 1964-11-10 Du Pont Process for crimping textile yarn
US3146512A (en) * 1960-05-30 1964-09-01 American Enka Corp Crimping apparatus
US3221385A (en) * 1961-05-24 1965-12-07 Techniservice Corp Strand streatment
US3212157A (en) * 1961-11-29 1965-10-19 Klinger Mfg Co Ltd Yarn crimping apparatus
US3143784A (en) * 1962-07-05 1964-08-11 Du Pont Process of drawing for bulky yarn
US3343240A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-09-26 Snia Viscosa Method and apparatus for bulking synthetic fibers
US3438101A (en) * 1966-12-22 1969-04-15 Allied Chem Process and apparatus for texturizing yarn
US3601326A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-08-24 Windings Inc Winding limp flexible material

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Publication number Publication date
NL7200110A (xx) 1972-04-25

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