US3924155A - Ballast unit for gas discharge lamps - Google Patents

Ballast unit for gas discharge lamps Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3924155A
US3924155A US256452A US25645272A US3924155A US 3924155 A US3924155 A US 3924155A US 256452 A US256452 A US 256452A US 25645272 A US25645272 A US 25645272A US 3924155 A US3924155 A US 3924155A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
voltage
ballast unit
semiconductor switching
resistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US256452A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ernest Jakob Vogeli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT447671A external-priority patent/AT331353B/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3924155A publication Critical patent/US3924155A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/044—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes
    • H05B41/046—Starting switches using semiconductor devices for lamp provided with pre-heating electrodes using controlled semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp

Definitions

  • Patent Dec. 2 1975 Sheet 5 of 6 3,924,155
  • the present invention concerns a ballast unit for gas discharge lamps, in particular for fluorescent tubes, mercury and sodium vapor lamps, comprising a ballast choke.
  • the Swiss Pat. No. 431.716, 431.717 and 446.524 have disclosed quick-heating ballast units which, however, have not been approved for trade or installation because, on a fault arising, i.e., when the tube is deactivated or the gas fill is disturbed, the system has no quick-acting cut-off protection against the continually overdosed current and is therefore liable to bum-out, i.e., destruction of tube and choke. Nor do those circuits provide for wattless current compensation or gradual increase of the firing current to prevent cold starting.
  • the German Pat. Nos. 837.419 and 949.419 have disclosed circuits which, however, have neither any feedback quick-heatin g systems nor any protection against early firing and which therefore have similar disadvantages as have the starterless systems.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide ballast unit systems for the various types of gas discharge lamp which are technologically better and/or less expensive than known systems.
  • the starter part is not to have any mechanical or moving parts and is thus to minimize wear and maximize dependability;
  • the system is not to have any additional transformers, iron cores and coils other than the copper and iron core required for the choke, in order not to increase weight, size and copper/iron losses needlessly;
  • the system is to use an increased preheating current higher than the rated current of the lamp in order to ensure pleasant, flicker-free starting of the preheated lamp;
  • cut-off of the preheating is not to depend on static conditions, such as a favorable ambient temperature which may trigger a cold start, but instead a certain minimum safety quantity of preheating energy is to ensure the filament flow temperature in any conditions;
  • the system is to rule out any overheating or bumout of the system in the event of a fault arising, i.e. in the event of de-activated filaments, disturbed gas fill, etc.;
  • the firing voltages are to be higher than the mains voltage to the extent that, at a normal ambient temperature, no special lamps (such as tubes with ignition strips) are required.
  • German Pat. No. 949.419 fails to meet points 0);
  • the present invention provides for a ballast unit which fills all the requirements together. It achieves its object in that there is connected in parallel to the lamp circuit at least one semiconductor switching means or a triggering means operating at the magnetic saturation bend for developing the firing voltage required to start the lamp, which means is designed for increased rated 2 current for brief preheating in the case of heated lamps being used.
  • the series impedance merely serves current-limiting of the tube firing voltage.
  • the high a.c. impedance of the choke which is also in the preheating circuit, is at all times fully effective on the tube discharge path and is subsequently compensated again by suitable means. Its compensation leaves a sufficiently small residual internal resistance for the purpose of increasing the filament heat-up rate by the much heavier current to the level desired. This much heavier preheating current, which passes through the filaments and the series inductance, but never through the discharge path, would be far too high to be sustained as an effective current by the choke winding and the filaments.
  • FIGS. 1 11 show circuit diagrams of several embodiments
  • FIG. 12 shows the trend of the tube voltage for various switching phases of the ballast unit
  • FIG. 13 (a-i) shows the trend of the tube voltage for the various embodiments.
  • FIGS. 1 5 comprise a choke which is connected to the mains terminals 1 and 2 and which consists of two winding sections 3a and 3b wound on to a common core 4.
  • the series inductance would consist of a single winding.
  • Such a series inductance can also be formed by a stray field transformer.
  • the gas discharge lamp 6 is connected on one side by its two filaments 5 and 7 to the choke sections 3a and 3b.
  • the other two filaments 8 and 9 which in known ballast units are carried to a bimetal glow starter, are passed to the electronic starting and firing assembly.
  • a thyristor or a triac (a.c. thyristor) performs the function of the starting switch.
  • compensation of the series inductance 3a and 3b is effected by an additional winding 10, 11 which is wound onto the same iron core 4 as is the choke. Its winding direction is opposite to that of the choke, but the number of windings is the same.
  • the firing points in the triac now no longer arise shortly after the zero passage of the main sinusoidal voltage curve (FIG. 12), but shift towards the apex. However, at the firing moment, the triac 12 not only closes the heating circuit, but also connects the mains voltage capacitor 25 to the primary 11 of an autotransformer l0, 11, so that a high-voltage firing peak arises in the secondary 10, causing firing of the lamp.
  • the size of the capacitor 25 is such that it also converts the ballast unit, otherwise inductive, into a wattless-current-compensated unit.
  • the third function of the capacitor 25 is to permit the copper crosssection of the ballast winding to be approximately halved owing to the wattless current gain in the choke. Its fourth function is to cut off any overvoltage peaks which may arise in the mains and damage the triac.
  • the assembly further comprises a safety discharge resistor 26 and a safety diversion resistor 24.
  • the electronic control assembly 13-24 for the triac 12 serves three different control states, in particular:
  • the timeand voltagedependent voltage divider arrangement 13 22 controls the trigger diode and, accordingly, the triac in such a manner that the latter remains fully switched on.
  • the tube 6 receives a high heating current, but no firing voltage, and about half the mains voltage.
  • the capacitor 13 charges and, through the delayed triac firing, the full mains voltage occasionally reaches the tube across the choke. Owing to the shortened triac switching time, the heating current becomes slightly smaller, and the firing peaks become greater from one halfwave to the next. At the moment when firing begins, the voltage across the tube collapses, and the capacitor 13, now overcharged, causes complete cut-off of the triac 12.
  • the size of the delay capacitor 13 is such that readily heatable lamps are ready for firing towards the end of the switch-on phase. For other lamps, the rapid heating continues as necessary.
  • the capacitor 13 will keep charging because of the persistent firing peaks until there is no longer any triggerable voltage across the capacitor 22.
  • the discharge resistor 14 slowly reduces the charging voltage until isolated firing and heating pulses again become possible (FIG. 12d).
  • the time element 13, 14 begins to swing up and down at the rate of once or twice a second.
  • the resistor 14 can be so adjusted that the tube rated current arises as the effective value, which, even when sustained, cannot burn out the winding and which permits the tube to start after removal of the fault (e.g., too low a mains voltage).
  • the resistor 14 in conjunction with the capacitor 13 corresponds to a time element with the same time constant as the cool-down rate of the tube filaments, so that, after a short firing pause, the
  • Resistor l4 about 470 kilohms Capacitor l3 about 1 uF Resistor 2i about l5 kilohms Capacitor 22 about 47 nF Resistor 24 about 1 kilohms Capacitor 26 about 4 p.F Resistor 26 about 100 kilohms Capacitor 29 about 10 nF Resistor 28 about O...47 kilohms Number of windings (series inductance 100%) 3a about 50% 3b about 50% 10 about 90% l I about 10% FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment which'partly compensates the high series impedance 3a and 3b, which hinders accelerated flicker-free filament heatup, yet without reducing such impedance for the purposes of lamp current limiting.
  • This function is performed by a capacitor 30, which acts in opposition to the series inductance.
  • the apparent resistance of the capacitor 30 must be about 2 3 times smaller than that of the series inductance in order to avoid any resonance effect and to keep the initial voltage across the tube as low as possible.
  • the capacitor 30 is in series with a triac 31, which, after the beginning of switch-on, is controlled for full conductivity, because the harmonics-eliminating voltage divider 38-41 almost continually acts on the trigger diode 43 across the bridge rectifier 34-37, which is at first still short-circuited.
  • the collapse of the tube voltage to the firing voltage renders the triac control ineffective.
  • the R-C element 45, 46 constitutes a radio interference suppressor.
  • the circuit has no firing voltage and, besides ensuring a much quicker start, it provides better early firing protection due to the reduced initial voltage.
  • the values of the switching elements for v the circuit may be:
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show embodiments in which an unequally heavy one-sided halfwave load in the choke results in a high d.c. component and therefore in the heating current increase desired.
  • the circuits shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 also include means designed to rule out early firing especially in short tubes, i.e., tubes especially liable to cold starting.
  • FIG. 3 shows a circuit in which, apart from the suppressor R-C element 57, 58, a triac 63 is connected in series with a diode 62 across the starter connection points 8 and 9. Also, there is a voltage-limiting voltagedependent resistor 59 across the diode and there is a damping R-C element 60, 61 across the triac 63, so that, with the triac 63 fully activated, a mains voltage approximately halved by the voltage-dependent resistor arises in the one group of halfwaves across the starter connection points, while a mains voltage shortcircuited by the diode 62 arises in the other half-waves (FIG. 130).
  • the triac control signals diminish in their sequence in such a manner that, with an approximately halved mains voltage across the tube, a high asymmetrical d.c. at first effects preheating. Then, owing to the control shift, the halfwave group passing directly through the diode 62 is interrupted, but not so the halfwave group passing through the voltage-dependent resistor. As a result, a heavy heating current continues to flow, yet at the full mains voltage and at an additional overvoltage oscillation which is rendered firing-aiding by the suppressor element 57, 58 (FIG. 13d). When the tube fires, the control voltage collapses to about /3 and is no longer capable of being activated.
  • the circuit shown in FIG. 4 is suitable especially for capacitive (wattless-current-overcompensated) ballast units (series capacitor 75 indicated by broken line).
  • a triac 63 arranged directly across the lamp firing path 8,9 is controlled across the trigger system 71-74 through a series resistor 77 and then through two diode time elements 78, 79, 80 and 81, 82, 83 which are connected in parallel and are unequally dimensioned and whose diodes have opposed directions.
  • a voltagedependent resistor 76 across the tube discharge path prevents, in the presence of a capacitor 75, any voltage straying in the more weakly controlled halfwaves.
  • the delay capacitors 79 and 82 which are at first still dis-. charged, develop a lamp voltage according to FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a much simplified variant for asymmetrical heating. It is suitable for long lamp types.
  • the dc. saturation already arises from the fact that only a thyristor 84 acts as switch, so that the negative halfwaves are in any case invariably blocked.
  • a resistor 85 carries a continual control voltage to the thyristor firing electrode. After switch-on, however, a diode 86 begins to charge the capacitor 88 across a seies resistor 87. The increasing negative voltage across this capacitor increasingly draws the voltage supplied from the resistor 85 into a negative zone, across the resistor 89. When the tube fires, its feed voltage collapses. Owing to the negative superimposition, the control current is no longer sufficient for further firings in the thyristor.
  • the tube fires later or not at all, the increasing negative influence will eventually cut off the heating.
  • the RC values are such that the filaments glow before the charge of the capacitor 88 has reached its maximum, the self-regulating effect is sufficiently great to dispense with a trigger diode.
  • FIGS. 6 11 have a choke with an inductance which is 2 3 times smaller than that in known units. While a capacitor arranged in the firing circuit in parallel with the inductance is operated by the mains frequency, the inductance preferably operates on the third harmonic of the mains frequency. As the current or voltage trend of the fired tubes is almost square, an almost ideal wattless current compensation arises when the phase relations are considered. As the series inductance is 2 3 times lower than that in known units, the firing voltage at the lamps is higher,
  • the ballast unit shown in FIG. 6, which is fully operative even without the control circuit indicated in the right section, comprises a series capacitor 103, a series inductance 104, which may have the form of an air gap choke, for instance, and further comprises two seriesconnected tubes a and 105b.
  • the outer filaments of the series-connected tubes are connected in series with the inner filaments across saturation chokes 106a and 106b. Instead, of course, there may be only one saturation choke 106.
  • the arrangement also includes an interference suppressor 121.
  • the circuit of the saturation choke is provided with positive temperature coefficient resistors 107a and 107b, while the main circuit includes a thermal switch 108 bridged by a resistor.
  • the saturation chokes 106a and 106b are so dimensioned that, because of their steeply rising reactance, they at first only present a very low resistance to the heating current. When the tubes are fired, however, only a negligibly small current flows through the chokes.
  • a thyristor 112 connected in parallel with the chokes takes over an additional current quota in one halfwave and is controlled in a subsequent halfwave under the influence of a previously charged capacitor 116.
  • the charging of the capacitor 116 is effected across a diode 109 and a resistor 111.
  • the resistors 110 and 113 ensure corresponding voltage potentials at the control electrode of the thyristor 112.
  • the limiting diodes 114 and 115 which are controlled across the resistors 118 and 120 and across a diode 1 19 under the influence of a capacitor 117, act as overload protection for the thyristor 112.
  • the values of the switching components used may be as follows:
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has an electronic firing system instead of the two saturation chokes.
  • the inner filaments of the series-connected tubes 105a and 105k are connected across an auxiliary winding 136 arranged on the inductance 104.. Owing to the heavy current which also flows in this unit at first, the winding 136 develops a relatively high heating voltage for the inner filaments.
  • the electronic control circuit developing the increased heating current required to fire the tubes 105a and 105b comprises a triac 122, a resistor 131 and a trigger diode 129.
  • a time element 125, 126 arranged in a rectifier circuit 127, 128 is connected across a resistance assembly 123, 124, a capacitor 132 and a further capacitor 130.
  • this control circuit largely corresponds to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 3.
  • An assembly comprising a resistor 133, a capacitor and a parallel-connected voltage-dependent resistor 134 provides overvoltage protection for the triac.
  • FIG. 8 corresponds in essentials to that shown in FIG. 7, with the difference that the cold-starting protection for heated tubes is improved. Moreover, the automatic starting system is bridged by an additional circuit preventing repeated starting in the event of a fault.
  • a thyristor 144 used as a switch is connected to a capacitor 141 which serves as cold-starting protection and which is connected across a parallel-connected diode 142 to a measuring resistor 151, particularly at the gas discharge path.
  • FIG. 9 presents a simplification on the version shown in FIG. 8, in that the additional cut-off means is dispensed with. Also, the automatic trigger and cut-off assembly is simplified in that the harmonic quota contained in the firing current after the firing of the lamps is utilized to cut off the thyristor 144.
  • the arrangement includes a differentiator 156, 157 whose signal is rectified by a diode 159 and is passed to the control electrode of the thyristor 144 across resistors 160 and 161.
  • the values of the switching components are as follows:
  • a trigger voltage of several thousand volts is developed.
  • a capacitor 168 charged to mains voltage level is discharged across a thyristor 165 to the smaller coil section of the inductance 104, designed as an auto-transformer and having a tap 174. These pulses are stepped up by the autotransformer and produce the high-voltage pulses desired. After firing, there arises in the smaller winding section an ac. voltage, which is rectified for cut-off of the thyristor 165.
  • Such a firing device can also be added as an auxiliary firing in all the other circuits mentioned in order to increase firing dependability.
  • the values are:
  • the firing voltage developed is less high than in the embodiment according to FIG. 10.
  • the primary of the inductance 104 acting as an autotransformer receives about 1.5 times the mains voltage from a voltage multiplier circuit 182, 175, 176 across a switched-on thyristor 180. This value results from the storage of the voltage developed by the voltage multiplier and stored in the capacitor 103 in conjunction with superimposition with the next mains voltage cycle.
  • the autotransformer formed by the tap 182 on the inductance 104, steps up these voltage peaks by the double to the threefold mains voltage, for instance. After lamp starting, no further charging of the capacitor 103 arises, as the fired lamps no longer permit any dc voltage charging of the capacitor 103.
  • a preferred embodiment presents the following values:
  • a ballast unit for gas discharge lamps having a pair of electrodes comprising:
  • a choke means exclusively for limiting the current to the lamp after lamp firing, connected in series with the lamp electrodes;
  • At least one semiconductor switching means having a control electrode, for brief preheating of the filaments of the lamp at increased rated current, said switching means being connected in parallel with said lamp electrodes;
  • control circuit means operating in response to an AC voltage supplied to said lamp electrodes and also connected to said control electrode for initially triggering said semiconductor means for a predetermined switch-on time during each half cycle of said AC voltage, to heat the filaments of the lamp with an effective current greater than normal rated current, as well as reducing the switch-on time during each half cycle until the lamp fires, and further increasing voltage peaks across the lamp for a predetermined preheating period prior to reaching ignition voltage, thereby avoiding coldstarting of the lamp;
  • control circuit means including:
  • a storage device capable of storing a charge corresponding to the voltage applied to the lamp
  • overvoltage peak means to cut off any overvoltage peaks.
  • ballast unit of claim 1 wherein said control circuit connected to said semiconductor switching means and said lamp electrodes including a limiting resistor connected to one of said lamp electrodes; a bridge rectifier having an R-C component connected between said limiting resistor and the other of said lamp electrodes; a time element including a capacitor and a resistor in parallel connected across said bridge rectifier; and control voltage means connected to said bridge rectifier and said limiting resistor including a series resistor, a 'control diode connected in series with said re- 9 sistor, and a control capacitor connecting the junction of said series resistor and said control diode with said one of said lamp electrodes; and having the following control states a. switch-on phase with fully triggered control-voltage-independent semiconductor switch;
  • control circuit concurrently forms a short circuit for increased voltages across the gas discharge path so long as the starting phase has not begun, with said limiting resistor forming the load resistor for said time element and concurrently forming an early firing protection for the tube, said R-C component of said bridge rectifier transfering the limiting voltage to the lamp; and, in conjunction with said control voltage means, concurrently triggers said semiconductor switching means.
  • ballast unit of claim 2 wherein the charging rate of said time element and the behavior of said limiting resistor correspond to the heat-up rate of said elec trodes and the cool-down time of said electrodes coincides with the discharge time constant of said time element for the purpose of skipping part or all of the switch-on and starting process in the case of a short firing pause.
  • ballast unit of claim 1 further comprising a capacitor means connected in series to said semiconductor switching means for reducing the apparent resistance of said choke by acting in opposition thereto only when said semiconductor means is triggered, a trigger diode connected to said semiconductor switching means; and voltage divider means for fully activating said semiconductor switching means and then, until the beginning of lamp starting, partly activating said semiconductor switching means.
  • ballast unit of claim 1 comprising means for controlling said semiconductor switching means in such a manner that a do component increased above the shortcircuit current arises for said lamp electrode,
  • ballast unit of claim 1 including a capacitor connected in series with said choke means and in parallel with the lamp, said choke means being tuned substantially to the third harmonic of the mains frequency.
  • ballast unit of claim 6 comprising a saturation choke connected in parallel with the gas discharge lamp.
  • ballast unit of claim 7 comprising a positivetemperature resistor connected in series with said saturation choke.
  • ballast unit of claim 7 comprising a thermal cut-out connected in series with the parallel combination of said lamp and said capacitor.
  • ballast unit of claim 7 comprising triggering means having a predetermined time constant connected in parallel with the gas discharge lamp and said saturation choke for triggering said semiconductor switching means and for supplying thereto a cut-off voltage after the starting of the gas discharge lamp for preventing voltage overload of said semiconductor switching means.
  • ballast unit of claim 10 comprising d.c. voltage circuit means for developing an additional cut-off 10 voltage for preventing voltage overload of said semiconductor switching means, said dc. voltage circuit means having a greater time constant than that of said triggering means.
  • ballast unit of claim 6 wherein said choke includes a heater winding means for the additional preheating of the electrodes.
  • ballast unit of claim 13 wherein said control circuit comprises a resistor, and a capacitive apparent resistance circuit connected in parallel with said resistor; wherein said semiconductor switching means is a triac.
  • ballast unit of claim 12 comprising a capacitor connected in parallel with said semiconductor switching means, said semiconductor switching means having a control electrode, for cold-starting protection, a diode and a resistor bridging said semiconductor switching means, and a cut-off circuit and a safety cutoff circuit both connected to said control electrode of said semiconductor switching means.
  • ballast unit of claim 12 comprising a differentiator and rectifier means connected to said semiconductor switching means for cutting off said semiconductor switching means.
  • a ballast unit according to claim 1, wherein: said storage device compensates at least in part for the resistance of said choke means,
  • said storage device operating exclusively in said control circuit during the heating of said filaments of the lamp and being inoperative after the lamp fires.
  • control circuit means further includes a heater circuit
  • said heater circuit being asymmetrically loaded only until the lamp fires
  • said heater circuit including a diode and a VDR connected in parallel, the parallel combination being connected in series with one of the pair of lamp electrodes and with said at least one semiconductor switching means;
  • control circuit means further includes a heating circuit; said heating circuit being asymmetrically loaded only until the lamp fires;
  • a storage capacitor connected through a storage capacitor resistor to said control electrode and being chargeable by the lamp voltage
  • a charging current diode electrically connected to one of said pair of lamp electrodes and to said storage capacitor
  • said heating circuit being connected to the lamp such that the cut-off voltage component of said storage capacitor counteracts the cut-off voltage component of the lamp voltage, and the time constant of said storage capacitor being such that the filament of the lamp reaches a glowing state prior to the charge on said storage capacitor reaching maxiand said primary firing circuit.
  • ballast unit of claim 20 further comprising a primary firing circuit connected to said primary auxiliary winding having capacitor means for providing the triggering energy, converting the ballast unit into a wattless-current-compensated ballast unit, providing an overvoltage peak protection for said semiconductor switching means and developing the lamp firing voltage in said secondary auxiliary winding; wherein said semiconductor switching means closes said heating circuit

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US256452A 1971-05-24 1972-05-24 Ballast unit for gas discharge lamps Expired - Lifetime US3924155A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT447671A AT331353B (de) 1971-05-24 1971-05-24 Vorschaltgerat fur gasentladungslampen
CH722072A CH543215A (de) 1971-05-24 1972-05-16 Vorschaltgerät für Gasentladungslampen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3924155A true US3924155A (en) 1975-12-02

Family

ID=25601210

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US256452A Expired - Lifetime US3924155A (en) 1971-05-24 1972-05-24 Ballast unit for gas discharge lamps

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3924155A (sv)
DE (1) DE2224665A1 (sv)
ES (1) ES403146A1 (sv)
FR (1) FR2138995B1 (sv)
GB (1) GB1397265A (sv)
NL (1) NL7206953A (sv)
SE (1) SE384964B (sv)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4023066A (en) * 1973-05-21 1977-05-10 U.S. Philips Corporation Operating circuit for a gas and/or vapour discharge lamp
US4107579A (en) * 1977-06-27 1978-08-15 Litton Systems, Inc. Starting and operating ballast for high pressure sodium lamp
US4119887A (en) * 1975-06-27 1978-10-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Starter for discharge lamp
DE2816415A1 (de) * 1977-04-18 1978-10-19 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Entladungslampen-zuendschaltung
US4253043A (en) * 1978-06-27 1981-02-24 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric arrangement including at least one gas and/or vapor discharge tube
US4349768A (en) * 1980-06-26 1982-09-14 Creators, Inc. Method for starting and operating a preheat type fluorescent lamp
US4380719A (en) * 1979-12-19 1983-04-19 U.S. Philips Corporation Electronic device for the starting and a.c. voltage operation of a gas and/or vapor discharge lamp
US4523795A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-06-18 Gte Products Corporation Discharge lamp operating apparatus and method
US4562381A (en) * 1981-10-22 1985-12-31 General Electric Company Starting circuit for multiple fluorescent lamps
US4588925A (en) * 1983-03-28 1986-05-13 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Gmbh Starting circuit for low-pressure discharge lamp, such as a compact fluorescent lamp
US4777410A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-10-11 Innovative Controls, Inc. Ballast striker circuit
US5477109A (en) * 1993-10-11 1995-12-19 U.S. Philips Corporation Discharge lamp fast preheat circuit independent of type of ballast
DE19613096A1 (de) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-02 Holzer Walter Prof Dr H C Ing Leuchtstofflampe mit kapazitivem Vorschaltgerät
DE29917074U1 (de) 1999-09-28 2000-05-04 Hauber & Graf GmbH, 71711 Steinheim Leuchtstofflampen mit Zündmechanismus
US20030230989A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-18 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrisch Gluhlampen Mbh Apparatus for operating discharge lamps

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29808796U1 (de) 1998-05-15 1998-08-13 Professional Products M. Naumann GmbH, 44789 Bochum Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, insbesondere UV-Tischlampe zur Verfestigung von lichtaushärtendem Gel im Zuge einer Fingernagelbehandlung
EP1051060A1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2000-11-08 Yousef Husni Barikhan Electronic starting device for fluorescent discharge lamps and the like,having improved characteristics

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519881A (en) * 1969-03-17 1970-07-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Starting and operating circuit for any of a plurality of different discharge lamps
US3705329A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-12-05 Ernst Jakob Vogeli Starting unit for heated gas discharge tubes
US3753037A (en) * 1970-02-26 1973-08-14 New Nippon Electric Co Discharge-lamp operating device using thyristor oscillating circuit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519881A (en) * 1969-03-17 1970-07-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp Starting and operating circuit for any of a plurality of different discharge lamps
US3753037A (en) * 1970-02-26 1973-08-14 New Nippon Electric Co Discharge-lamp operating device using thyristor oscillating circuit
US3705329A (en) * 1970-04-09 1972-12-05 Ernst Jakob Vogeli Starting unit for heated gas discharge tubes

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4023066A (en) * 1973-05-21 1977-05-10 U.S. Philips Corporation Operating circuit for a gas and/or vapour discharge lamp
US4119887A (en) * 1975-06-27 1978-10-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Starter for discharge lamp
DE2816415A1 (de) * 1977-04-18 1978-10-19 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Entladungslampen-zuendschaltung
US4107579A (en) * 1977-06-27 1978-08-15 Litton Systems, Inc. Starting and operating ballast for high pressure sodium lamp
US4253043A (en) * 1978-06-27 1981-02-24 U.S. Philips Corporation Electric arrangement including at least one gas and/or vapor discharge tube
US4380719A (en) * 1979-12-19 1983-04-19 U.S. Philips Corporation Electronic device for the starting and a.c. voltage operation of a gas and/or vapor discharge lamp
US4349768A (en) * 1980-06-26 1982-09-14 Creators, Inc. Method for starting and operating a preheat type fluorescent lamp
US4562381A (en) * 1981-10-22 1985-12-31 General Electric Company Starting circuit for multiple fluorescent lamps
US4523795A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-06-18 Gte Products Corporation Discharge lamp operating apparatus and method
US4588925A (en) * 1983-03-28 1986-05-13 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Gmbh Starting circuit for low-pressure discharge lamp, such as a compact fluorescent lamp
US4777410A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-10-11 Innovative Controls, Inc. Ballast striker circuit
US5477109A (en) * 1993-10-11 1995-12-19 U.S. Philips Corporation Discharge lamp fast preheat circuit independent of type of ballast
DE19613096A1 (de) * 1996-04-01 1997-10-02 Holzer Walter Prof Dr H C Ing Leuchtstofflampe mit kapazitivem Vorschaltgerät
DE29917074U1 (de) 1999-09-28 2000-05-04 Hauber & Graf GmbH, 71711 Steinheim Leuchtstofflampen mit Zündmechanismus
US20030230989A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-18 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrisch Gluhlampen Mbh Apparatus for operating discharge lamps
US6873122B2 (en) * 2002-06-17 2005-03-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Apparatus for operating discharge lamps

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2138995A1 (sv) 1973-01-05
GB1397265A (en) 1975-06-11
FR2138995B1 (sv) 1975-03-28
NL7206953A (sv) 1972-11-28
SE384964B (sv) 1976-05-24
DE2224665A1 (de) 1972-12-07
ES403146A1 (es) 1975-12-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3924155A (en) Ballast unit for gas discharge lamps
US4525648A (en) DC/AC Converter with voltage dependent timing circuit for discharge lamps
US4165475A (en) Discharge lamp with starter circuit
US4168453A (en) Variable intensity control apparatus for operating a gas discharge lamp
JPH0340394A (ja) ランプ点灯回路
CA1300216C (en) Ignition circuit for high pressure arc discharge lamps
CA2184321C (en) Lamp starting circuit
US3705329A (en) Starting unit for heated gas discharge tubes
US4253043A (en) Electric arrangement including at least one gas and/or vapor discharge tube
US4342948A (en) Electric discharge lamp control converter circuits
US4406976A (en) Discharge lamp ballast circuit
US3317789A (en) Stabilized control circuit
US4286193A (en) Starting and operating circuit for gas discharge lamp
US4914354A (en) Reactor-type ballast circuit
US4380719A (en) Electronic device for the starting and a.c. voltage operation of a gas and/or vapor discharge lamp
US4339695A (en) High pressure sodium lamp ballast circuit
US3976910A (en) Operating circuit for discharge lamps with voltage starting circuit and auxiliary lighting means therefor
US4103209A (en) Add-on instant restrike device for an hid lamp
US4134043A (en) Lighting circuits
US4441056A (en) High pressure sodium lamp ballast circuit
US3383558A (en) Non-resonant starting circuit for high pressure double jacketed mercury lamps
US3482142A (en) Regulating system for arc discharge devices having means to compensate for supply voltage and load variations
US4236100A (en) Lighting circuits
US2682014A (en) Apparatus for starting and operating gaseous discharge devices
US3479560A (en) Arc discharge regulating device having means to compensate for supply voltage variations