US3924036A - Method of continuous casting - Google Patents
Method of continuous casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3924036A US3924036A US374760A US37476073A US3924036A US 3924036 A US3924036 A US 3924036A US 374760 A US374760 A US 374760A US 37476073 A US37476073 A US 37476073A US 3924036 A US3924036 A US 3924036A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- core member
- copper
- molten metal
- metal
- crucible
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229940108928 copper Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012777 commercial manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014987 copper Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/12—Appurtenances, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/38—Wires; Tubes
Definitions
- the apparatus includes a crucible or refractory container for molten metal which is provided with an entry port or orifice for the introduction and passage of a core member into the crucible or container and through the molten metal contained therein.
- a bushing member of refractory metal is inserted in the entry port or orifice to provide a relatively wear resistant seal about the moving core member.
- This invention comprises an improvement in the apparatus and method for carrying out a continuous metal casting or dip forming process comprising passing a core member upwardly through a crucible containing molten metal, which substantially eliminates the occurrence of entrained particles or bodies of foreign metal or material, so-called inclusions, within the cast products.
- the improvement of this invention includes provid ing a bushing member insert for the crucible entry port composed of molybdenum alloyed with minor amounts of both titanium and zirconium, and passing the core member through the bushing into the crucible.
- a primary object of this invention is to provide an apparatus for continuously casting metal which effectively overcomes the entrainment of particles of foreign metals or other materials within the cast product, and thereby produces a cast product free of degrading contaminants.
- Another object of this invention is to extend production runs in continuous casting operations, and reduce downtime for replacement of parts by providing apparatus including a bushing insert which resists deterioration and loss of structural integrity.
- a further object of this invention is to provide for the production of relatively pure continuously cast products. which are more amenable to metal working or shaping procedures, and apparatus therefor.
- An additional object of this invention is to provide an improved method of continuously casting metal which produces a cast product free of foreign inclusions.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a novel apparatus constructed in accordance with one embodiment of this invention, with the core member and cast product shown in elevation; and,
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view of a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 with the core member and the cast product shown in elevation.
- a metal core member 10 such as a rod of copper, is continuously passed upwardly through the apparatus of a continuous casting system 12.
- the core member can be moved through the apparatus by appropriate drive means such as feed rolls l4 and 14, and take up rolls 16 and 16'.
- Core member 10 is preferably first passed through an annular cutting die 18 which continuously shaves off a portion of the outer surface area of the core member to eliminate surface oxides or contaminants and to provide a clean metal face for the adherence of the molten metal.
- Other means such as an acid pickling bath, can serve to effectively clean the surface of the core member.
- the annular cutting die 18 is a preferred means because among other reasons, it also performs a scaling function at the system entrance.
- the shaved and cleaned core member 10 Passing from the cutting die 18, the shaved and cleaned core member 10 enters a vestibule chamber 20, which is preferably evacuated, such as through pipe 22, to minimize exposure of the shaved core member to oxygen and other air borne contaminants.
- Crucible 24 comprising a suitable refractory vessel for the containment of molten metal 26, such as copper, is preferably enclosed to protect is contents from the atmosphere.
- Crucible 24 is provided with an entry port or orifice 28 located in its bottom wall 30 below the surface ot its molten metal contents for passage therethrough of the core member upwardly into the crucible chamber interior, and through its contents of molten metal 26.
- a bushing member or insert 32 formed of a refractory material is provided within entry port 28 of crucible 24, and in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention, the bushing member extends from the vestibule chamber to the crucible 24 substantially as shown in the drawing.
- bushing member or insert 32 provided for the passage therethrough of the core member into the crucible, is composed of, or formed from, molybdenum metal alloyed with minor amounts of both titanium and zirconium, for example at least about 99 percent by weight of molybdenum with about 0.25 to 1.0 percent by weight of titanium and about 0.04 to 0.2 percent by weight of zirconium.
- the bushing member 32 is composed of an alloy consisting essentially of about 0.48 percent by weight of titanium and about 0.9 percent by weight of zirconium, and the balance molybdenum.
- bushings or inlet port inserts composed of the aforesaid molybdenum alloys effectively eliminate the occurrence of inclusions or presence of particles of foreign metal or other material within the cast products derived therefrom.
- the bushing member formed of these alloys have been found to provide exceptionally longer periods of service life of up to several times greater than prior bushings composed of other refractory materials such as sintered molybdenum.
- the relatively cold core member 10 On passing through the bath of molten metal 26 with the apparatus of this invention, the relatively cold core member 10 progressively accretes over its surface an accumulation of solidifying melt. The core member then passes out of the crucible 24 up through an exit port 34 or orifice in the top wall 36 of the crucible 24. Upon exiting from the crucible chamber, the cast product moves through a water spray 38, or other suitable cooling means to reduce the temperature of the cast product.
- Molybdenum alloys of the type which are suitable for use in forming the bushing members or inserts of this invention for use in dip forming apparatus and produc- 4 tion are reported in Alloy Digest, August 1964, Published by Engineering Alloy Digest Inc., Upper Montclair, NJ.
- the compositions of commercial sources of the alloys are given therein as follows:
- the apparatus and method of this invention are useful in the casting of other metals.
- the invention can be used in the casting of substantially any metal or alloy upon a core member composed of the same metal or alloy as the melt, or a different metal or alloy, and may include plating or encasing operations.
- the molybdenum alloy insert of this invention also eliminates some of the causes of the formation of bells which comprise intermittent oveer-accretions or attachments of excessive and irregular accumulations of molten metal on the moving core member.
- the molybdenum alloy insert provides much greater resistance to wetting by the molten copper and in turn adherence and build up of cooled melt adjacent to the core rod passing through the insert.
- the alloys freedom from high oxide contents eliminates a source of chilling the copper melt in the area about the core rod.
- a method of continuously casting copper comprising the steps of: passing a metal core member comprising copperupwardly into and through a crucible containing molten metal comprising copper, said core member entering the crucible containing molten metal comprising copper through a bushing member consist ing essentially of a molybdenum alloy of at least about 99 percent by weight of molybdenum and about 0.25 to about 1.0 percent by weight of titanium and about 0.04 to about 0.2 percent by weight of zirconium, and thereby accreting and solidifying molten metal comprising copper on the core member, and removing the metal core member with the accreted and solidified molten metal comprising copper thereon from the crucible and cooling it.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Priority Applications (20)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US374760A US3924036A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1973-06-28 | Method of continuous casting |
DE2424230A DE2424230C2 (de) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-05-18 | Verwendung einer Molybdänlegierung für die Durchführungsbuchse einer Vorrichtung zum Strangangießen von Kupfer |
ZA00743434A ZA743434B (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-05-28 | Continuous casting apparatus and a method of casting |
GB2468774A GB1471693A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-04 | Continuous casting apparatus and method of casting |
AU69806/74A AU483107B2 (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-05 | Continuous casting apparatus, anda method of casting |
AT466974A AT338983B (de) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-06 | Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen umgiessen eines metallstranges |
PH15936A PH11802A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-13 | Method of continuous castings |
CA203,236A CA1028820A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-24 | Continuous casting apparatus, and a method of casting |
NL7408658A NL7408658A (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | |
JP7289974A JPS5417297B2 (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | |
ES427738A ES427738A1 (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | Aparato para la colada continua de metales. |
CH768276A CH600967A5 (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | |
BR5381/74A BR7405381D0 (pt) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | Aparelho e processo para fundicao continua de metais |
SE7408526A SE7408526L (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | |
CH884474A CH580452A5 (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-27 | |
MX289074U MX4510E (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-28 | Mejoras en un metodo para vaciar continuamente metales o aleaciones |
FR7422583A FR2234943B1 (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-28 | |
IT24513/74A IT1015475B (it) | 1973-06-28 | 1974-06-28 | Apparato di fusione continua e metodo di fusione |
ES434437A ES434437A1 (es) | 1973-06-28 | 1975-02-04 | Un metodo de colar continuamente cobre. |
US05/612,096 US3995587A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1975-09-10 | Continuous casting apparatus including Mo-Ti-Zr alloy bushing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US374760A US3924036A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1973-06-28 | Method of continuous casting |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/612,096 Division US3995587A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1975-09-10 | Continuous casting apparatus including Mo-Ti-Zr alloy bushing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3924036A true US3924036A (en) | 1975-12-02 |
Family
ID=23478104
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US374760A Expired - Lifetime US3924036A (en) | 1973-06-28 | 1973-06-28 | Method of continuous casting |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3924036A (es) |
JP (1) | JPS5417297B2 (es) |
AT (1) | AT338983B (es) |
BR (1) | BR7405381D0 (es) |
CA (1) | CA1028820A (es) |
CH (2) | CH600967A5 (es) |
DE (1) | DE2424230C2 (es) |
ES (2) | ES427738A1 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2234943B1 (es) |
GB (1) | GB1471693A (es) |
IT (1) | IT1015475B (es) |
NL (1) | NL7408658A (es) |
PH (1) | PH11802A (es) |
SE (1) | SE7408526L (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA743434B (es) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4733716A (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1988-03-29 | Fujikura Ltd. | Bushing in continuous casting dip forming apparatus |
US6736187B2 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2004-05-18 | Yazaki Corporation | Molten metal infiltrating method and molten metal infiltrating apparatus |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS53118230A (en) * | 1977-03-26 | 1978-10-16 | Shinko Wire Co Ltd | Preparation of metal covered wire |
JPS612446U (ja) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-01-09 | 株式会社フジクラ | 浸漬被覆形成装置用ブシユ部材 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3269825A (en) * | 1963-06-18 | 1966-08-30 | Crucible Steel Co America | Method of producing homogeneous alloys containing refractory metals |
US3424130A (en) * | 1967-03-06 | 1969-01-28 | Gen Electric | Entry port member for dip crucible apparatus |
US3610204A (en) * | 1970-04-06 | 1971-10-05 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Apparatus for accreting molten copper on a moving core member |
US3709722A (en) * | 1970-04-06 | 1973-01-09 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Process for accreting molten copper on a moving core member |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3770392A (en) * | 1971-05-10 | 1973-11-06 | Gen Electric | Molybdenum-base alloys |
JPS4826631A (es) * | 1971-08-10 | 1973-04-07 |
-
1973
- 1973-06-28 US US374760A patent/US3924036A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-05-18 DE DE2424230A patent/DE2424230C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-05-28 ZA ZA00743434A patent/ZA743434B/xx unknown
- 1974-06-04 GB GB2468774A patent/GB1471693A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-06 AT AT466974A patent/AT338983B/de active
- 1974-06-13 PH PH15936A patent/PH11802A/en unknown
- 1974-06-24 CA CA203,236A patent/CA1028820A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-27 CH CH768276A patent/CH600967A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-27 CH CH884474A patent/CH580452A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-27 SE SE7408526A patent/SE7408526L/ unknown
- 1974-06-27 NL NL7408658A patent/NL7408658A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-06-27 BR BR5381/74A patent/BR7405381D0/pt unknown
- 1974-06-27 JP JP7289974A patent/JPS5417297B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-06-27 ES ES427738A patent/ES427738A1/es not_active Expired
- 1974-06-28 FR FR7422583A patent/FR2234943B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-06-28 IT IT24513/74A patent/IT1015475B/it active
-
1975
- 1975-02-04 ES ES434437A patent/ES434437A1/es not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3269825A (en) * | 1963-06-18 | 1966-08-30 | Crucible Steel Co America | Method of producing homogeneous alloys containing refractory metals |
US3424130A (en) * | 1967-03-06 | 1969-01-28 | Gen Electric | Entry port member for dip crucible apparatus |
US3610204A (en) * | 1970-04-06 | 1971-10-05 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Apparatus for accreting molten copper on a moving core member |
US3709722A (en) * | 1970-04-06 | 1973-01-09 | Kennecott Copper Corp | Process for accreting molten copper on a moving core member |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4733716A (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1988-03-29 | Fujikura Ltd. | Bushing in continuous casting dip forming apparatus |
US6736187B2 (en) * | 2000-08-31 | 2004-05-18 | Yazaki Corporation | Molten metal infiltrating method and molten metal infiltrating apparatus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2234943A1 (es) | 1975-01-24 |
SE7408526L (es) | 1974-12-30 |
JPS5070236A (es) | 1975-06-11 |
CH580452A5 (es) | 1976-10-15 |
ATA466974A (de) | 1977-01-15 |
ES434437A1 (es) | 1976-12-16 |
CA1028820A (en) | 1978-04-04 |
ZA743434B (en) | 1975-05-28 |
BR7405381D0 (pt) | 1975-01-07 |
JPS5417297B2 (es) | 1979-06-28 |
FR2234943B1 (es) | 1980-08-01 |
DE2424230C2 (de) | 1983-10-13 |
AU6980674A (en) | 1975-12-11 |
IT1015475B (it) | 1977-05-10 |
CH600967A5 (es) | 1978-06-30 |
NL7408658A (es) | 1974-12-31 |
ES427738A1 (es) | 1976-08-01 |
DE2424230A1 (de) | 1975-01-16 |
GB1471693A (en) | 1977-04-27 |
AT338983B (de) | 1977-09-26 |
PH11802A (en) | 1978-07-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3995587A (en) | Continuous casting apparatus including Mo-Ti-Zr alloy bushing | |
EP0277781B1 (en) | Process for chemically shaving and pickling copper rod | |
US20120037330A1 (en) | Method and Apparatus for Manufacturing Titanium Alloys | |
US3924036A (en) | Method of continuous casting | |
US2907082A (en) | Production of continuous filaments of high vapor pressure metals | |
CN112296287A (zh) | 一种高碳钢夹杂物控制方法 | |
US4794979A (en) | Method for melting metal, particularly scrap, and forming metal billets | |
US3771584A (en) | Method for continuously casting steel billet strands to minimize the porosity and chemical segregation along the center line of the strand | |
US3931848A (en) | Method and apparatus for cooling a strand cast in an oscillating mold during continuous casting of metals, especially steel | |
US3866570A (en) | Continuous casting apparatus | |
US2974790A (en) | Cross-extrusion process | |
US4946520A (en) | Copper rod manufactured by casting, hot rolling and chemically shaving and pickling | |
US4040470A (en) | Method of continuously casting steel | |
CN113458352B (zh) | Cu-Ni-Sn合金的制造方法及用于其的冷却器 | |
US4165780A (en) | Method of continuously casting metals, especially steel in an oscillating mold | |
US3339588A (en) | Continuous casting mold | |
GB1345565A (en) | Method and apparatus for the continuous casting of metal by the dip-forming process | |
US3466186A (en) | Dip forming method | |
FI85450C (fi) | Foerfarande och anordning foer direktgjutning av metall foer forming av laongstraeckta kroppar. | |
US4367784A (en) | Method for adding cooling powders to steel during continuous casting | |
Wang | Aluminum alloy ingot casting and continuous processes | |
US3145842A (en) | Process for the extrusion of fine wire | |
RU2353683C2 (ru) | Способ получения заготовок из слитков высокооловянистой бронзы | |
US1802693A (en) | Process of treating metals with nitrogen | |
US3748188A (en) | Screw machining material and method of preparing same |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: SHOWA ELECTRIC WIRE & CABLE CO., LTD., A CORP. OF Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORP. OF NEW YORK;REEL/FRAME:005073/0203 Effective date: 19890418 |